Mechanical monitoring sensor for segment, and auxiliary mounting device thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to a mechanical monitoring sensor for a segment, and an auxiliary mounting device thereof. The sensor comprises a pressure-bearing component and a sensor body. The pressure-bearing component is independent of the sensor body. An arch-shaped shell of the pressure-bearing component deforms under external pressure to extrude a pressure-bearing liquid inside to pass through a first liquid pipe and a second liquid pipe to enter the sensor body so as to push a sensing end of a piston to move. A sensing diaphragm on the sensing end of the piston is in contact with the pressure-bearing liquid, a fixed end of the piston is connected to a steel wire by means of a spring, and the piston converts the pressure received by the sensing diaphragm into a pulling force on the steel wire. The present invention has the advantages such as long service life and high reliability of monitoring data.

Description

A mechanical monitoring sensor for tunnel segments and its auxiliary installation device. Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sensor technology, and in particular to a mechanical monitoring sensor for pipe segments and its auxiliary installation device. Background Technology

[0002] A traditional vibrating wire pressure cell (mechanical monitoring sensor) mainly consists of a sensing diaphragm, a support base, an inductor coil, a pressure cap, a circuit board, and a steel wire. The sensing diaphragm and support base are integrated with the main cylindrical body, while the steel wire is fixed to the support base with screws and clamps. During installation, the sensing diaphragm faces outward, perpendicular to the soil layer, and deforms under soil pressure. The integrated support column deforms accordingly, stretching the steel wire fixed above. The tension of the stretched steel wire changes, thus altering its resonant frequency, thereby linking the pressure on the pressure cell to the tension and resonant frequency of the steel wire. The inductor coil, when energized, generates a magnetic force that attracts the steel wire. Therefore, when it receives a pulse current from the circuit board, it excites the steel wire to vibrate and resonate. The vibrating steel wire simultaneously cuts the magnetic field, generating an induced electromotive force. Its alternating frequency is the vibration frequency of the vibrating wire, which is transmitted to a frequency acquisition instrument via the circuit board. By acquiring the resonant frequency of the steel wire, the pressure and stress on the pressure cell can be calculated.

[0003] Existing split-type vibrating wire pressure sensors separate the pressure plate from the sensor body. The pressure plate is designed as a large, thin disc filled with pressurized fluid. The main body is a slender cylinder containing an induction coil, vibrating wire, piston, etc. The pressure plate and main body are connected by an oil pipe. When the sensing diaphragm is pressurized, the internal conductive fluid enters the main body through the oil pipe, pushing the piston. One end of a steel wire inside the main body is connected to the piston, and the other end is fixed to the main body. When the piston is pushed by the conductive fluid, the fixed steel wire contracts, changing its resonant frequency. This links the pressure on the sensing diaphragm to the tension and resonant frequency of the steel wire. The inductor coil fixed inside the main body generates a magnetic force that attracts the steel wire. Therefore, when a pulse current is received from the circuit board, it excites the steel wire to vibrate and resonate. The vibrating steel wire simultaneously cuts the magnetic field, generating an induced electromotive force. Its alternating frequency is transmitted to a frequency acquisition instrument via the circuit board. By acquiring the resonant frequency of the steel wire, the pressure and stress on the sensing diaphragm can be calculated. Its advantages are that the independent bearing plate is larger in size, and the earth pressure range that can be monitored is wider; the overall thickness is also thinner.

[0004] Patent CN217179807U discloses an oil-film vibrating wire earth pressure gauge. Its structure involves setting an arched oil film shell on the sensing diaphragm plate of an existing vibrating wire pressure cell. A sealed oil cavity between the oil film shell and the sensing diaphragm plate is filled with pressurized fluid. When the oil film shell is compressed and deformed, it squeezes the pressurized fluid, thereby uniformly transmitting pressure to the sensing diaphragm. Its advantages include more direct earth pressure transmission, independence from the irregularity of the pressurized medium, elimination of the influence of uneven pressure on the measurement results, and improved accuracy of the measurement data.

[0005] Currently, the disadvantages of existing technologies include:

[0006] 1. The existing vibrating wire pressure sensor has a flat bearing plate, and the sensing diaphragm must be perpendicular to the soil layer during installation, which makes the installation and point selection difficult.

[0007] 2. The thickness of the oil film shell vibrating wire earth pressure cell is relatively large, which can affect the concrete structure.

[0008] 3. When the existing split vibrating wire earth pressure cell is compressed, the steel wire contracts. To meet the measurement range requirements, the steel wire must be kept in a highly tensile state from the beginning. Over time, this will cause it to loosen and reduce the tension, thus affecting the test results.

[0009] 4. The sensing diaphragm cannot directly contact the soil layer; it can only monitor the pressure between the cast-in-place layer and the pipe segment.

[0010] In summary, the problems that need to be solved for vibrating wire earth pressure cells currently include:

[0011] 1. Most existing vibrating wire earth pressure cells are disc-shaped structures. During installation, it is necessary to ensure that the sensing diaphragm is perpendicular to the direction of force; otherwise, the monitoring accuracy will be affected. However, it is difficult to ensure that the site locations are flat, and the irregularity of the soil transmission medium, uneven concrete pouring, and multi-directional forces of the structure also affect the uneven pressure on the earth pressure cell. This ultimately leads to inaccurate monitoring results and insufficient accuracy, which in turn affects subsequent data analysis.

[0012] 2. Existing vibrating wire earth pressure cells have a large overall thickness and a small sensing area, making it impossible to monitor earth pressure over a larger area.

[0013] 3. Existing vibrating wire pressure boxes are generally installed on the surface of shield tunnel segments by pre-embedding. After secondary grouting, their sensing diaphragms are completely covered by concrete and cannot contact the external soil layer. Therefore, they can only monitor the pressure between the grouting layer and the tunnel segment, rather than the actual soil pressure.

[0014] Summary of the Invention

[0015] The purpose of this invention is to provide a mechanical monitoring sensor for pipe segments with improved monitoring accuracy and its auxiliary installation device.

[0016] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0017] A mechanical monitoring sensor for tunnel lining segments includes a pressure-bearing component and a sensor body.

[0018] The pressure-bearing component includes a base plate and an arched outer shell, a liquid injection hole, and a first liquid pipe mounted on the base plate. The arched outer shell and the base plate form a pressure-bearing liquid cavity for injecting pressure-bearing liquid into the pressure-bearing liquid cavity through the liquid injection hole. The first liquid pipe is used to connect the pressure-bearing component and the sensor body.

[0019] The sensor body includes a main shell, a second liquid pipe and a cable installed on opposite sides of the main shell, and a double-ended piston, an inductor coil, a spring, and a steel wire installed inside the main shell. The double-ended piston is tightly attached to the inner wall of the main shell and includes a piston sensing end and a piston fixing end. The second liquid pipe is connected to the first liquid pipe and is used by the pressure-bearing component to push the pressurized liquid in the pressurized liquid chamber through the first and second liquid pipes into the sensor body under pressure, thereby moving the piston sensing end and forming a main liquid chamber composed of the main shell and the piston sensing end. The inductor coil is installed on the double-ended piston. One end of the steel wire is fixed to the double-ended piston, and the other end of the steel wire is connected to one end of the spring. The other end of the spring is connected to the piston fixing end. The entire steel wire is suspended on the inductor coil, and a gap is left between the steel wire and the inductor coil for the steel wire to vibrate. The cable is connected to the piston fixing end and passes through the main shell.

[0020] Furthermore, the dual-headed piston also includes a support column, a first air hole, and a spring fixing column. The support column is used to connect the piston sensing end and the piston fixing end, and to mount one end of the inductor coil and the steel wire on the support column. The first air hole and the spring fixing column are both located on the piston fixing end. The spring fixing column is used to connect the other end of the spring to the piston fixing end. The first air hole is used to prevent the dual-headed piston from compressing air.

[0021] Furthermore, the piston sensing end is provided with a sensing diaphragm, which converts the pressure on the pressure-bearing component into tension on the steel string.

[0022] Furthermore, the sensor body also includes a fixed end of the steel string connected to one end of the steel string and a movable end of the steel string connected to the other end of the steel string. The fixed end of the steel string is mounted on the double-ended piston, and the movable end of the steel string is connected to one end of the spring.

[0023] Furthermore, it also includes a second vent provided on the main body shell, the second vent being connected to the interior of the main body liquid cavity, and the second vent being provided with a sealing plug for discharging air from the main body liquid cavity.

[0024] Furthermore, the sensor body is a cylindrical structure, and the double-headed piston is a double-disc structure.

[0025] Furthermore, the pressurized fluid is an antifreeze oil-based pressure fluid.

[0026] The present invention also provides an auxiliary installation device for a mechanical monitoring sensor applied to tunnel segments according to the above description, comprising an installation platform, a fixing component, and a telescopic rod. One end of the telescopic rod is installed on the installation platform, and the other end is installed inside the fixing component. The installation platform is used to install the pressure-bearing component thereon, the fixing component is used to fix it to the tunnel segment, and the telescopic rod is used to adjust the height of the installation platform to ensure that the pressure-bearing component is not covered by concrete after the tunnel segment is poured and installed.

[0027] Furthermore, the telescopic rods consist of three parts, each including a slide rail on the inner wall of the telescopic rod, a sliding rod on the slide rail, multiple fixing holes on the sliding rod, a spring pin for inserting into the fixing holes, and a ball head at one end of the sliding rod, the ball head being used to install within a fixing component.

[0028] Furthermore, one end of the fixing component is provided with an opening, and a screw cap that matches the thread is provided on the outside. A spherical groove is provided below the opening. The other end of the fixing component is provided with a reinforcing bar hole. The spherical groove is used to place the ball head through the opening. The reinforcing bar hole is used to fix and connect with the reinforcing bar on the tube segment. The screw cap is used to fix the ball head in the spherical groove by rotating it on the thread.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] (1) The present invention adopts a structure in which the pressure-bearing component and the sensor body are separated. The arched shell of the pressure-bearing component can sense the soil pressure dispersed in all directions and transmit it evenly to the piston sensing end of the double-headed piston through the pressure fluid. By converting the soil pressure into tension on the steel string, the influence of tangential, circumferential and longitudinal soil pressure on the sensor is reduced. At the same time, the arched shell has a larger contact surface, which can weaken the influence of irregular external pressure medium and uneven concrete pouring, and the accuracy of the monitoring results is greatly improved.

[0031] (2) In view of the problem that the existing vibrating wire pressure sensor has a large overall thickness and a small soil pressure monitoring area, the present invention proposes a structure in which the pressure-bearing component and the main body of the sensor are separated, which reduces the overall thickness of the sensor and increases the size of the pressure-bearing plate, and can monitor soil pressure over a larger range.

[0032] (3) In view of the problem that the steel string in the existing split pressure sensor is in a tensile state for a long time, the steel string is difficult to install and is easy to loosen, the present invention proposes a double-headed piston structure, which converts the pressure of the pressure fluid on the sensing diaphragm into the tension of the steel string, reduces the initial tension of the steel string, reduces the installation difficulty of the steel string, and improves the effective life of the sensor.

[0033] (4) In view of the problems of existing vibrating wire pressure sensors, such as high requirements for the arrangement and installation of measuring points, and easy to be affected by environmental factors such as uneven soil pressure, anisotropic extrusion, irregular pressure medium and uneven grouting, the present invention proposes an arched shell structure set on the base plate. The sealed cavity formed by the arched shell and the base plate is filled with non-freezing oily pressure fluid. This structure can uniformly transmit the external soil pressure in all directions to the sensing diaphragm of the sensor, weaken the influence of environmental factors on accuracy, and reduce the difficulty of installation and point selection.

[0034] (5) This invention addresses the problems of difficulty in selecting installation points, high installation difficulty, easy encapsulation of the bearing plate by concrete during grouting, and inability of the bearing plate to contact the external soil layer after secondary grouting in existing pre-embedded pressure sensor installation methods. It proposes a novel installation device that fixes the pressure sensor's bearing component to an adjustable height and angle mounting device, thus eliminating the influence of the reinforcement direction and height difference at the installation point on the pressure sensor. The mounting device increases the installation height of the bearing component, preventing it from being covered by concrete during pouring and by secondary concrete pouring during installation, allowing direct contact with the external soil layer to monitor soil pressure data.

[0035] (6) The independent pressure-bearing component of the present invention is no longer limited by the size of the main body. The size of the pressure plate can be expanded according to the application scenario. The large-sized pressure-bearing component can provide a larger soil pressure sensing area, thereby monitoring a larger range of soil pressure. The thickness of the sensor body that does not need to bear the pressure sensing function can be reduced, and the shape is no longer limited. It can be changed to a thinner cylindrical shape. The thinner thickness reduces the difficulty of installation and transportation, and at the same time has less impact on the structural stability of the monitored object.

[0036] (7) The installation of the pressure sensor of the present invention is no longer affected by the direction of the reinforcing bars and the height difference between the reinforcing bars at the location. The length and angle of the telescopic rod can be adjusted according to the condition of the reinforcing bars at the location to ensure that the pressure-bearing component is always stable and perpendicular to the direction of earth pressure.

[0037] (8) The steel string inside the sensor of the present invention is not directly fixed on the sensing diaphragm. Instead, the pressure received by the sensing diaphragm is converted into tension on the steel string through a piston device. Compared with the existing sensor where the steel string is compressed by pressure, the present invention greatly reduces the initial tension requirement of the steel string, greatly reduces the installation difficulty of the steel string, and also reduces the relaxation caused by continuous tension of the steel string, thus increasing the effective life of the sensor. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the sensor of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the pressure-bearing component of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the main body of the sensor of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the double-headed piston of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary installation device of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the telescopic rod of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the sliding rod of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 8 is a structural schematic diagram of the fixing component of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention installed on the pipe segment using an auxiliary installation device. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. These embodiments are based on the technical solution of the present invention and provide detailed implementation methods and specific operating procedures. However, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0048] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0049] The following detailed description of some embodiments of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0050] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0051] This embodiment provides a mechanical monitoring sensor for pipe segments, as shown in Figure 1. The sensor includes two parts: a pressure-bearing component and a sensor body. These two parts of the sensor adopt a separate structure.

[0052] As shown in Figure 2, the pressure-bearing component includes a base plate 2, an arched outer shell 1 mounted on the base plate 2, an injection hole 3, and a first liquid pipe 4. The arched outer shell 1 and the base plate 2 form a pressure-bearing liquid chamber 5, which is used to inject pressurized liquid into the pressure-bearing liquid chamber 5 through the injection hole 3. The first liquid pipe 4 is used to connect the pressure-bearing component and the sensor body. The base plate 2 is designed to be circular, and the arched outer shell 1 is made of high-strength rubber, which is wrapped with a protective shell made of flexible steel. Sealant is provided between the edge of the arched outer shell 1 and the base plate 2 to prevent leakage of pressurized liquid from the pressure-bearing liquid chamber 5, also known as pressure fluid leakage. The dimensions of the pressure-bearing component can be designed according to actual needs. A sealing plug is provided on the injection hole 3 on the base plate 2.

[0053] Furthermore, the pressurized liquid is a non-freezing oily liquid, which can be used normally under the temperature of the press's operating environment.

[0054] Furthermore, the bottom plate 2 of the pressure-bearing component has three evenly distributed hanging holes welded along its edge for fixing to the mounting platform by bolts.

[0055] As shown in Figure 3, the sensor body is set as a cylindrical structure, which reduces the overall thickness. It includes the main body shell 9, the second liquid pipe 7 and cable 11 installed on the opposite side of the main body shell 9, and the double-headed piston 8, inductor coil 10, spring 12 and steel wire 13 installed inside the main body shell 9. As shown in Figure 4, the double-headed piston 8 is a double-disc design, closely attached to the inner wall of the main body shell 9. The double-headed piston 8 includes a piston sensing end 8-1 and a piston fixing end 8-2, that is, the piston sensing end 8-1 and the piston fixing end 8-2 are discs. The second liquid pipe 7 is connected to the first liquid pipe 4, and is used by the pressure-bearing component to push the pressurized liquid in the pressurized liquid chamber 5 through the first liquid pipe 4 and the second liquid pipe 7 into the sensor body to push the piston sensing end 8-1 to move, and form the main body liquid chamber 6 composed of the main body shell 9 and the piston sensing end 8-1. The inductor coil 10 is installed on the double-headed piston 8. One end of the steel wire 13 is fixed on the double-headed piston 8, and the other end of the steel wire 13 is connected to one end of the spring 12. The other end of the spring 12 is connected to the piston fixing end 8-2. The entire steel wire 13 is suspended on the inductor coil 10, and a gap is left between the steel wire 13 and the inductor coil 10 for the steel wire 13 to vibrate. The cable 11 is connected to the piston fixing end 8-2 and passes through the main body shell 9. As shown in Figure 4, the double-headed piston 8 further includes a support column 8-3, a first vent 8-4, and a spring fixing column 8-5. The support column 8-3 is used to connect the piston sensing end 8-1 and the piston fixed end 8-2, and to mount one end of the inductor coil 10 and the steel wire 13 onto the support column 8-3. The support column 8-3 has a coil groove for mounting the inductor coil 10 with insulating glue. The first vent 8-4 and the spring fixing column 8-5 are both located on the piston fixed end 8-2. The spring fixing column 8-5 is used to connect the other end of the spring 12 to the piston fixed end 8-2. The first vent 8-4 is used to prevent the double-headed piston 8 from squeezing air and affecting the detection results, and at the same time, it allows the cable 11 to pass through. The piston sensing end 8-1 is provided with a sensing diaphragm, which converts the pressure on the pressure-bearing component into tension on the steel string 13. The sensor body also includes a steel string fixed end 14 connected to one end of the steel string 13 and a steel string moving end 15 connected to the other end of the steel string 13. The steel string fixed end 14 is installed on the support column 8-3 of the double-headed piston 8, and the steel string moving end 15 is connected to one end of the spring 12 by bolts. The steel string moving end 15 is suspended in the sensor body.

[0056] Furthermore, the outer edge of the double-ended piston 8 is sealed with a sealing rubber ring to ensure that the liquid in the main body liquid chamber 6 will not leak while the double-ended piston 8 can move; the steel wire 13 is fixed by a clamp and screws; the main body shell 9 is provided with a second air hole 19, which communicates with the interior of the main body liquid chamber 6, and a sealing plug is provided on the second air hole 19 to discharge the air in the main body liquid chamber 6.

[0057] The working principle of sensor mechanical monitoring, achieved through the above settings, is as follows:

[0058] Before use, the air in the main body liquid chamber is discharged through the second air hole into the pressure-bearing liquid chamber 5 between the arch 1 and the base plate 2 via the injection hole 3. The soil pressure in each direction of the pressure-bearing component can be evenly transmitted from the arch shell 1 and the pressure liquid to the sensing diaphragm on the double-headed piston 8 inside the sensor body, thereby eliminating the influence of the transmission medium and uneven pressure on the monitoring results and improving the accuracy of the monitoring data. The size of the independent pressure-bearing component can be customized according to the actual application scenario, so as to monitor the soil pressure over a larger area. After the sensing diaphragm on the sensing end 8-1 of the piston in the sensor body comes into contact with the pressure liquid, it pushes the piston sensing end 8-1 to move, injecting the pressure liquid into the main body liquid chamber 6. The spring 12 fixed on the spring fixing column 8-5 will be stretched as the pressure liquid pushes the double-headed piston 8 to move, thereby pulling the moving end 14 of the steel string connected to the other end of the spring 12. The moving end 14 of the steel string causes the steel string 13 to extend, thereby changing the resonant frequency of the steel string 13. This links the earth pressure on the pressure-bearing component to the resonant frequency of the steel string 13, converting the pressure received by the sensing diaphragm into tension on the steel string 13. The connected spring 12 can appropriately reduce the tension on the steel string 13, increasing its service life. During monitoring, a pulse current is transmitted to the inductor coil 10 to excite the steel string 13 to resonate. Simultaneously, the steel string 13 cuts the magnetic field, generating an induced electromotive force, thus converting the resonant frequency of the steel string 13 into an electrical signal. The electrical signal is transmitted to the frequency acquisition instrument via cable 11, and then, combined with the calibrated formula, the pressure and stress on the pressure box can be calculated.

[0059] This embodiment also provides an auxiliary installation device for assisting in the installation of the mechanical monitoring sensor applied to the tunnel segment, as shown in Figure 5. The auxiliary installation device includes an installation platform 18, a fixing component 16, and three telescopic rods 17. As shown in Figure 6, one end of each telescopic rod 17 is bolted to the installation platform 18, and the other end is installed inside the fixing component 16. The telescopic rod 17 is used to adjust the height of the installation platform 18 by adjusting its length. The installation platform 18 is used to fix the pressure-bearing component with bolts, and the fixing component 16 is used to fix it to the reinforcing steel of the tunnel segment. As shown in Figures 6 and 7, the telescopic rod 17 includes a slide rail 17-1 on the inner wall of the telescopic rod 17, a sliding rod 17-5 on the slide rail 17-1, a plurality of fixing holes 17-2 on the sliding rod 17-5, a spring pin 17-3 for inserting into the fixing hole 17-2, and a ball head 17-4 for mounting in the fixing component 16. The ball head 17-4 is at the other end of the sliding rod 17-5. The slide rail 17-1 is provided to prevent the spring pin 17-3 from deviating from its direction and missing the fixing hole 17-2 when sliding. As shown in Figure 8, the fixing component 16 is used to fix itself to the reinforcing bars of the pipe segment. It has gaps at both ends, which can be appropriately enlarged under external force. The fixing component 16 includes a screw cap 16-1, a spherical groove 16-2, and a reinforcing bar hole 16-3. The spherical groove 16-2 is located at one end of the fixing component 16 to accommodate the ball head 17-4. The reinforcing bar hole 16-3 is located at the other end of the fixing component 16 for fixed connection with the reinforcing bars on the pipe segment. The reinforcing bar hole 16-3 is slightly larger than the diameter of the reinforcing bar, and a rubber pad is provided inside the reinforcing bar hole 16-3 to increase friction and prevent the device from sliding. The fixing component 16 has threads on its outer side for fixing the ball head 17-4 into the spherical groove 16-2 by rotating the screw cap 16-1. When the ball head 17-4 is inserted into the spherical groove 16-2, its opening will be slightly enlarged. When the screw cap 16-1 is not tightened, the ball head 17-4 can move freely in the spherical groove 16-2. When the screw cap 16-1 is rotated upward along the thread, it will clamp and fix the sliding rod ball head 17-4.

[0060] The installation method for the aforementioned auxiliary installation device is as follows:

[0061] The three telescopic rods 17 of the installation device are fixed to the steel reinforcement of the tunnel lining segment. The pressure-bearing component of the pressure sensor is fixed to the installation platform 15 of the installation device using bolts. The height of the sliding adjustment platform 15 is controlled by pressing the spring pin 17-3 on the telescopic rod 17, and the angle of the installation platform 15 is adjusted by the ball head 17-4 and the swivel cap 16-1. This ensures that the placement of pressure sensors is not affected by the direction of the steel reinforcement or height differences, solving the problems of difficult placement, difficult installation, and easy detachment of the pressure sensors. Secondly, by adjusting the height of the installation platform 15, the pressure-bearing component can be tightly attached to the external soil layer after the tunnel lining segment is installed, avoiding being encased by the secondary grouting concrete. It can directly contact the external soil layer to monitor soil pressure data, solving the problem that existing devices can only monitor the pressure between the grouting layer and the tunnel lining segment, improving the reliability and survival rate of the monitoring data. The sensor body can be tied to the nearby steel reinforcement using cable ties.

[0062] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.

[0063] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A mechanical monitoring sensor for use in tunnel lining segments, characterized in that, Including pressure-bearing components and sensor body, The pressure-bearing component includes a base plate (2), an arched outer shell (1) mounted on the base plate (2), an injection hole (3), and a first liquid pipe (4). The arched outer shell (1) and the base plate (2) form a pressure-bearing liquid cavity (5), which is used to inject pressure-bearing liquid into the pressure-bearing liquid cavity (5) through the injection hole (3). The first liquid pipe (4) is used to connect the pressure-bearing component and the sensor body. The sensor body includes a main housing (9), a second liquid pipe (7) and a cable (11) installed on opposite sides of the main housing (9), and a double-ended piston (8), an inductor coil (10), a spring (12), and a steel wire (13) installed inside the main housing (9). The double-ended piston (8) is tightly attached to the inner wall of the main housing (9). The double-ended piston (8) includes a piston sensing end (8-1) and a piston fixing end (8-2). The second liquid pipe (7) is connected to the first liquid pipe (4) and is used by the pressure-bearing component to push the pressurized liquid in the pressurized liquid chamber (5) through the first liquid pipe (4) and the second liquid pipe (7) into the sensor body under pressure, thereby pushing the piston sensing end (8-1). The pressurized liquid is injected into the main body liquid cavity (6) formed by the main body shell (9) and the piston sensing end (8-1). The inductor coil (10) is installed on the double-headed piston (8). One end of the steel wire (13) is fixed on the double-headed piston (8). The other end of the steel wire (13) is connected to one end of the spring (12). The other end of the spring (12) is connected to the piston fixing end (8-2). The entire steel wire (13) is suspended on the inductor coil (10). A gap is left between the steel wire (13) and the inductor coil (10) for the steel wire (13) to vibrate. The cable (11) is connected to the piston fixing end (8-2) and passes through the main body shell (9).

2. The mechanical monitoring sensor for pipe segments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The double-headed piston (8) also includes a support column (8-3), which is used to connect the piston sensing end (8-1) and the piston fixing end (8-2) and to mount one end of the inductor coil (10) and the steel wire (13) on the support column (8-3).

3. The mechanical monitoring sensor applied to tunnel segments according to claim 2, characterized in that, The double-ended piston (8) further includes a first air hole (8-4) and a spring fixing post (8-5). The first air hole (8-4) and the spring fixing post (8-5) are both located on the piston fixing end (8-2). The spring fixing post (8-5) is used to connect the other end of the spring (12) to the piston fixing end (8-2). The first air hole (8-4) is used to prevent the double-ended piston (8) from squeezing air.

4. The mechanical monitoring sensor applied to tunnel segments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The piston sensing end (8-1) is provided with a sensing diaphragm, which converts the pressure on the pressure-bearing component into tension on the steel string (13).

5. The mechanical monitoring sensor for pipe segments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensor body also includes a fixed end (14) of the steel wire (13) connected to one end and a movable end (15) of the steel wire (13) connected to the other end. The fixed end (14) of the steel wire is mounted on the double-headed piston (8), and the movable end (15) of the steel wire is connected to one end of the spring (12).

6. The mechanical monitoring sensor for pipe segments according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a second vent (19) provided on the main body shell (9), the second vent (19) communicating with the interior of the main body liquid cavity (6), and the second vent (19) is provided with a sealing plug for discharging air from the main body liquid cavity (6).

7. The mechanical monitoring sensor for pipe segments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensor body is a cylindrical structure, and the double-headed piston (8) is a double-disc structure.

8. The mechanical monitoring sensor for tunnel segments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressurized fluid is an antifreeze oil-based pressure fluid.

9. The mechanical monitoring sensor for tunnel segments according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sealant is provided between the edge of the arched outer shell (1) and the base plate (2) to prevent the leakage of pressurized liquid in the pressurized liquid chamber (5).

10. An auxiliary installation device for a mechanical monitoring sensor applied to tunnel segments according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The system includes an installation platform (18), a fixing component (16), and a telescopic rod (17). One end of the telescopic rod (17) is installed on the installation platform (18), and the other end is installed inside the fixing component (16). The installation platform (18) is used to install the pressure-bearing component thereon. The fixing component (16) is used to fix the component to the tunnel segment. The telescopic rod (17) is used to adjust the height of the installation platform (18) to ensure that the pressure-bearing component is not covered by concrete after the tunnel segment is poured and installed.

11. The auxiliary installation device according to claim 10, characterized in that, The telescopic rods (17) are in the number of 3. Each telescopic rod (17) includes a slide rail (17-1) on the inner wall of the telescopic rod (17), a sliding rod (17-5) on the slide rail (17-1), a plurality of fixing holes (17-2) on the sliding rod (17-5), a spring pin (17-3) for inserting into the fixing hole (17-2), and a ball head (17-4) at one end of the sliding rod (17-5). The ball head (17-4) is used to be installed in the fixing component (16).

12. The auxiliary installation device according to claim 11, characterized in that, One end of the fixing component (16) is provided with an opening, and a screw cap (16-1) matching the thread is provided on the outside. A spherical groove (16-2) is provided below the opening. The other end of the fixing component (16) is provided with a steel bar hole (16-3). The spherical groove (16-2) is used to place the ball head (17-4) through the opening. The steel bar hole (16-3) is used to fix and connect with the steel bar on the tube segment. The screw cap (16-1) is used to fix the ball head (17-4) in the spherical groove (16-2) by rotating on the thread.

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