Fractional and divisional catalytic cracking method and device for heavy oil

Abstract

The invention provides a fractional and divisional catalytic cracking method and device for heavy oil. The method comprises the following steps of: classifying heavy oil raw materials into a high grade catalytic raw material and an ungraded catalytic raw material according to the difference between reaction properties, wherein a riser reactor is taken as the reaction area of the high grade catalytic raw material, and a combined reactor consisting of a turbulent bed or a fast bed and a conveying bed is taken as the reaction area of the ungraded catalytic raw material; separating reacted oil gas from a catalyst; leading the oil gas out of a reaction system; and introducing the catalyst into a catalyst regenerator for scorching and regenerating. The invention also provides a device for implementing the fractional and divisional catalytic cracking method. In the method, independent reaction areas and an optimized process condition are provided for the cracking reactions of raw materials with different properties, so that malignant adsorption competition between the ungraded raw material and the high grade raw material in the conventional riser reactor and retardation on the reactions are effectively avoided, the problem of insufficient reaction deepness of the ungraded raw material is solved, and the yields of clean oil and liquid are remarkably increased.

Description

technical field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for catalytic conversion of heavy oil and a device for implementing the method, in particular to a method and device for catalytic cracking of heavy oil in stages and partitions to improve its reaction efficiency, and belongs to the technical field of petroleum processing . Background technique

[0002] Catalytic cracking process is the main means of lightening heavy oil and an important production process of light oil products such as liquefied petroleum gas, gasoline and diesel. The traditional catalytic cracking feedstock is mainly vacuum distillate oil. Due to the increasing demand for light oil and the increase in crude oil prices, catalytic cracking technology is used to process heavy feedstock oil such as atmospheric heavy oil, vacuum residue and deasphalted residue It has become an important choice for oil refining enterprises to improve economic efficiency.

[0003] At present, for the processing of ...

Examples

Embodiment 1

[0044] The present invention provides a method for catalytic cracking of heavy oil by classification and partition and a device for implementing the method, please refer to figure 1As shown, the heavy oil fractional catalytic cracking device in this embodiment mainly includes: riser reactor 1, turbulent bed or fast bed plus transport bed combined reactor 2, oil and gas separation system, catalyst regenerator 4 and regenerated catalyst cooling Device 6. Wherein, the bottom of the riser reactor 1 is provided with a high-quality catalytic raw material inlet and a catalyst inlet, and the top is provided with a mixed material outlet of the reacted oil gas and catalyst; the combined reactor 2 is a turbulent bed or a fast bed 21 and a transport bed 22 Combined reactors in series, the turbulent bed or fast bed 21 is arranged at the bottom of the combined reactor 2, and the height is 5% to 30% of the overall height of the combined reactor 2, and the turbulent bed or fast bed 21 The mi...

Embodiment 2

[0048] Please refer to figure 2 As shown, wherein, the conventional riser reactor 1 (the regenerated catalyst cooler 6 is arranged between the regenerator 4 and the riser reactor 1) which is set for high-quality raw materials next to the regenerator 4 of the heavy oil catalytic cracking unit and is set for low-quality raw materials In the turbulent bed or fast bed plus conveying bed combination reactor 2, after the reacted catalyst and the oil-gas mixture outlet meet at 121, the catalyst and oil-gas are separated by the oil-gas separator 11, the settler 10 and the top-spin 13, and the oil-gas is drawn out Catalytic cracking reaction system, and the catalyst enters the stripping section 5 for stripping, and then enters the regenerator 4 through the catalyst delivery pipe 18 for charred regeneration. Other structures and processes of the device and figure 1 The embodiment shown is the same.

[0049] In a word, in the present invention, the catalytic cracking raw materials are...

example

[0051] For verifying the effect of the present invention, adopt figure 1 The device and technological process shown in (embodiment one) carried out industrial test on the 1,000,000 tons / year heavy oil catalytic cracking unit of a certain oil refinery, and the test results are listed in Table 1.

[0052] After adopting the present invention, the original catalytic raw materials are fractionated and cut to obtain high-quality raw materials and inferior raw materials (see Table 1 for properties), respectively, and the high-quality raw materials and inferior raw materials are respectively entered into respective catalytic cracking reaction zones for reaction, and the optimized reaction conditions adopted respectively As shown in Table 2, compared with conventional heavy oil catalytic cracking, the technology of the present invention can increase the yield of light oil by 1.7 percentage points, increase the yield of liquid by 2.0 percentage points, and significantly reduce the yield...

technical field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for catalytic conversion of heavy oil and a device for implementing the method, in particular to a method and device for catalytic cracking of heavy oil in stages and partitions to improve its reaction efficiency, and belongs to the technical field of petroleum processing . Background technique

[0002] Catalytic cracking process is the main means of lightening heavy oil and an important production process of light oil products such as liquefied petroleum gas, gasoline and diesel. The traditional catalytic cracking feedstock is mainly vacuum distillate oil. Due to the increasing demand for light oil and the increase in crude oil prices, catalytic cracking technology is used to process heavy feedstock oil such as atmospheric heavy oil, vacuum residue and deasphalted residue It has become an important choice for oil refining enterprises to improve economic efficiency.

[0003] At present, for the processing of ...

Examples

Embodiment 1

[0044] The present invention provides a method for catalytic cracking of heavy oil by classification and partition and a device for implementing the method, please refer to figure 1As shown, the heavy oil fractional catalytic cracking device in this embodiment mainly includes: riser reactor 1, turbulent bed or fast bed plus transport bed combined reactor 2, oil and gas separation system, catalyst regenerator 4 and regenerated catalyst cooling Device 6. Wherein, the bottom of the riser reactor 1 is provided with a high-quality catalytic raw material inlet and a catalyst inlet, and the top is provided with a mixed material outlet of the reacted oil gas and catalyst; the combined reactor 2 is a turbulent bed or a fast bed 21 and a transport bed 22 Combined reactors in series, the turbulent bed or fast bed 21 is arranged at the bottom of the combined reactor 2, and the height is 5% to 30% of the overall height of the combined reactor 2, and the turbulent bed or fast bed 21 The mi...

Embodiment 2

[0048] Please refer to figure 2 As shown, wherein, the conventional riser reactor 1 (the regenerated catalyst cooler 6 is arranged between the regenerator 4 and the riser reactor 1) which is set for high-quality raw materials next to the regenerator 4 of the heavy oil catalytic cracking unit and is set for low-quality raw materials In the turbulent bed or fast bed plus conveying bed combination reactor 2, after the reacted catalyst and the oil-gas mixture outlet meet at 121, the catalyst and oil-gas are separated by the oil-gas separator 11, the settler 10 and the top-spin 13, and the oil-gas is drawn out Catalytic cracking reaction system, and the catalyst enters the stripping section 5 for stripping, and then enters the regenerator 4 through the catalyst delivery pipe 18 for charred regeneration. Other structures and processes of the device and figure 1 The embodiment shown is the same.

[0049] In a word, in the present invention, the catalytic cracking raw materials are...

example

[0051] For verifying the effect of the present invention, adopt figure 1 The device and technological process shown in (embodiment one) carried out industrial test on the 1,000,000 tons / year heavy oil catalytic cracking unit of a certain oil refinery, and the test results are listed in Table 1.

[0052] After adopting the present invention, the original catalytic raw materials are fractionated and cut to obtain high-quality raw materials and inferior raw materials (see Table 1 for properties), respectively, and the high-quality raw materials and inferior raw materials are respectively entered into respective catalytic cracking reaction zones for reaction, and the optimized reaction conditions adopted respectively As shown in Table 2, compared with conventional heavy oil catalytic cracking, the technology of the present invention can increase the yield of light oil by 1.7 percentage points, increase the yield of liquid by 2.0 percentage points, and significantly reduce the yield...

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