Mechanized full film furrow and ridge cultivation method of dry-farmed potato

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of crop planting, in particular to a dry-land potato mechanized full-film furrow-ridge cultivating method. The dry-land potato mechanized full-film furrow-ridge cultivating method is mainly characterized by comprising the following steps of (1) preparation before planting; (2) film covering and planting: once finishing planting, fertilization, ridge forming, packing shaping, full-film covering, and soil-lifting soil-placing combined operation, and covering 3 to 5cm of soil on the top of a film above seed potatoes; (3) plant protection: spraying chemicals in 15 to 20 days after planting; using a wheel type tractor, enabling wheels to walk on small ridges, and arranging spray heads according to corresponding row distances; (4) potato harvest. The dry-land potato mechanized full-film furrow-ridge cultivating method has the advantages that mechanized soil lifting, soil separation and film-top soil placement can be realized by the technology, i.e. 3 to 5cm of soil covers the top of the film above the seed potatoes, so that the problem that seedlings cannot break through the film or come up out of soil and are burnt is solved; overall-process mechanization is realized, so that the labor force is saved; the pollution of the broken film for the soil is avoided; a mechanized full-film furrow-ridge cultivating technology is a new agricultural technology and has the advantages of rainwater harvesting, soil moisture preservation, temperature increase, yield increase and the like and has quite remarkable drought-resisting and yield-increasing effects.

Description

Technical field:

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of crop planting, in particular to a mechanized full-film furrow and ridge cultivation method for dry-farmed potatoes. Background technique:

[0002] Potatoes, wheat, rice, and corn are the four most important food crops. Among them, under the same planting conditions, the protein yield per unit area of ​​potatoes is 2 times, 1.3 times, and 1.2 times that of corn, wheat, and rice, respectively, and the protein molecules contained in them are easily absorbed by the human body. In addition, potatoes also contain carotene and ascorbic acid that are not found in other food crops; potatoes are rich in nutrients and have a reasonable composition structure. The content of VB and VC in potatoes is 4 times and 10 times that of apples, and the content of other minerals is more than 10 times that of apples. . In daily life, foods processed from potatoes are particularly popular, and nutritionists call potatoes a foo...

Examples

Embodiment 1

[0031] Example 1: see figure 1 , seed potato 1, mulch film 2, ditch bottom press soil 3, film top seat soil 4, machine support wheel 5, soil discharge trough 6.

[0032] A mechanized full-film furrow and ridge cultivation method for dry-farming potatoes, the main feature of which is that the steps are:

[0033] (1) Pre-broadcast preparation:

[0034] 1) Site selection:

[0035] The land selection requires the land to be flat, and the stubble should be plowed deeply within 15 days after the harvest of the previous crop in autumn. The plow should be plowed to a depth of 30 cm, and the plow should be harrowed within 2 days after plowing. Rotary tiller with rotary tiller, the plowing depth reaches 20 cm, so that the ground is flat, no stubble, no rubbish, no residual film;

[0036] 2) Disinfection:

[0037] The knife used for cutting is sterilized with 0.5% potassium permanganate; the cut potato pieces are seeded with plant ash, so that the incision is evenly stained with plan...

Embodiment 2

[0054] Example 2: see figure 1 , seed potato 1, mulch film 2, ditch bottom press soil 3, film top seat soil 4, machine support wheel 5, soil discharge trough 6.

[0055] A method for mechanized full-film furrow and ridge cultivation of dry-farmed potatoes, the steps of which are:

[0056] (1) Pre-broadcast preparation:

[0057] 1) Site selection:

[0058] The land selection requires the land to be flat, and the stubble should be plowed deeply within 10 days after the harvest of the first crop in autumn, and the plow should be plowed with a turning plow to a depth of 25 cm. After plowing, it should be harrowed within 1 day; Rotary tiller with rotary tiller, the plowing depth reaches 15 cm, so that the ground is flat, no stubble, no rubbish, no residual film;

[0059] 2) Disinfection:

[0060] The knife used for cutting is sterilized with 0.5% potassium permanganate; the cut potato pieces are seeded with plant ash, so that the incision is evenly stained with plant ash, and t...

Embodiment 3

[0077] Embodiment 3: a kind of mechanized full-film furrow and ridge cultivation method of dry-farming potatoes is to adopt 2CM-2 type full-film double-furrow potato seeder sowing on the field after rotary tiller and soil preparation machine operation, 2 rows, row spacing 58cm , the plant spacing is 30cm, the sowing depth is 16cm (the distance between the seed potatoes and the ridge surface), and then the seed ditch is covered with soil to suppress; at the same time, 2 rows of chemical fertilizers are applied to the inside of the 2 rows of seed potatoes; After taking the soil, a trench with a width of 30cm and a depth of 15cm is formed; at the same time, the mulching device on the planter covers the sown field with a mulch film with a width of 138cm; finally, the soil conveying and dividing mechanism on the planter covers the finely divided soil in the furrows and seed rows Above, the covering height of the planting row is 5cm of soil; when the 2CM-2 type full-film furrow plant...

Technical field:

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of crop planting, in particular to a mechanized full-film furrow and ridge cultivation method for dry-farmed potatoes. Background technique:

[0002] Potatoes, wheat, rice, and corn are the four most important food crops. Among them, under the same planting conditions, the protein yield per unit area of ​​potatoes is 2 times, 1.3 times, and 1.2 times that of corn, wheat, and rice, respectively, and the protein molecules contained in them are easily absorbed by the human body. In addition, potatoes also contain carotene and ascorbic acid that are not found in other food crops; potatoes are rich in nutrients and have a reasonable composition structure. The content of VB and VC in potatoes is 4 times and 10 times that of apples, and the content of other minerals is more than 10 times that of apples. . In daily life, foods processed from potatoes are particularly popular, and nutritionists call potatoes a foo...

Examples

Embodiment 1

[0031] Example 1: see figure 1 , seed potato 1, mulch film 2, ditch bottom press soil 3, film top seat soil 4, machine support wheel 5, soil discharge trough 6.

[0032] A mechanized full-film furrow and ridge cultivation method for dry-farming potatoes, the main feature of which is that the steps are:

[0033] (1) Pre-broadcast preparation:

[0034] 1) Site selection:

[0035] The land selection requires the land to be flat, and the stubble should be plowed deeply within 15 days after the harvest of the previous crop in autumn. The plow should be plowed to a depth of 30 cm, and the plow should be harrowed within 2 days after plowing. Rotary tiller with rotary tiller, the plowing depth reaches 20 cm, so that the ground is flat, no stubble, no rubbish, no residual film;

[0036] 2) Disinfection:

[0037] The knife used for cutting is sterilized with 0.5% potassium permanganate; the cut potato pieces are seeded with plant ash, so that the incision is evenly stained with plan...

Embodiment 2

[0054] Example 2: see figure 1 , seed potato 1, mulch film 2, ditch bottom press soil 3, film top seat soil 4, machine support wheel 5, soil discharge trough 6.

[0055] A method for mechanized full-film furrow and ridge cultivation of dry-farmed potatoes, the steps of which are:

[0056] (1) Pre-broadcast preparation:

[0057] 1) Site selection:

[0058] The land selection requires the land to be flat, and the stubble should be plowed deeply within 10 days after the harvest of the first crop in autumn, and the plow should be plowed with a turning plow to a depth of 25 cm. After plowing, it should be harrowed within 1 day; Rotary tiller with rotary tiller, the plowing depth reaches 15 cm, so that the ground is flat, no stubble, no rubbish, no residual film;

[0059] 2) Disinfection:

[0060] The knife used for cutting is sterilized with 0.5% potassium permanganate; the cut potato pieces are seeded with plant ash, so that the incision is evenly stained with plant ash, and t...

Embodiment 3

[0077] Embodiment 3: a kind of mechanized full-film furrow and ridge cultivation method of dry-farming potatoes is to adopt 2CM-2 type full-film double-furrow potato seeder sowing on the field after rotary tiller and soil preparation machine operation, 2 rows, row spacing 58cm , the plant spacing is 30cm, the sowing depth is 16cm (the distance between the seed potatoes and the ridge surface), and then the seed ditch is covered with soil to suppress; at the same time, 2 rows of chemical fertilizers are applied to the inside of the 2 rows of seed potatoes; After taking the soil, a trench with a width of 30cm and a depth of 15cm is formed; at the same time, the mulching device on the planter covers the sown field with a mulch film with a width of 138cm; finally, the soil conveying and dividing mechanism on the planter covers the finely divided soil in the furrows and seed rows Above, the covering height of the planting row is 5cm of soil; when the 2CM-2 type full-film furrow plant...

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