Cooling device for photovoltaic module, photovoltaic module and photovoltaic power generation system

Abstract

The present invention provides a cooling device for a photovoltaic module, a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic power generation system. The cooling device for the photovoltaic module includes a cooling channel arranged in the back plate at the rear side of the photovoltaic module and connected to a cold source. The cooling channel covers the entire area of ​​the back plate to exchange heat and cool the entire heating area of ​​the photovoltaic module through the circulating refrigerant in the cooling channel; it also includes a pumping device, a temperature sensor and a controller; the photovoltaic module includes a cooling device arranged in the back plate; the photovoltaic power generation system includes a photovoltaic module and a bracket. The present invention controls the opening and closing of the water-cooling cooling pipe by arranging a water-cooling cooling pipe in the back plate of the photovoltaic module, collecting and analyzing the data of the temperature sensor on the back of the photovoltaic module, so as to more efficiently reduce the working temperature of the photovoltaic module, control it within a certain range, greatly improve the output power of the module, increase the power generation, extend the service life, and reduce the risk of fire caused by the hot spot effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic modules, and in particular to a cooling device for a photovoltaic module, a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic power generation system. Background Art

[0002] Solar energy is an inexhaustible green energy. Solar cells can convert solar energy into electrical energy using the photovoltaic effect. The applications of solar cells such as solar photovoltaic modules, solar street lights, photovoltaic curtain walls, photovoltaic greenhouses, etc. are gradually becoming closer to people's lives.

[0003] The conversion efficiency of existing photovoltaic cells has gradually approached the theoretical limit, and it is extremely difficult to seek breakthroughs in this direction to increase photovoltaic power generation. However, in actual applications, the power generation performance of photovoltaic power generation systems is greatly affected by the temperature, wind speed, light intensity, etc. of the surrounding environment. Therefore, strengthening the maintenance and management of photovoltaic power generation systems can greatly increase the actual power generation. Among them, the operating temperature of photovoltaic modules, the core part of the photovoltaic power generation system, is one of the important factors affecting the performance of photovoltaic power generation systems.

[0004] The applicant has found that the prior art has at least the following technical problems:

[0005] 1. The existing photovoltaic modules have a high working temperature, which greatly reduces the output power of the modules and causes a large loss of electricity. Studies have shown that within the range of 20-100°C, the power of the photovoltaic modules decreases by 0.35% for every 1°C increase in the temperature of the photovoltaic modules. Moreover, the modules are kept at high temperatures for a long time, which causes continuous damage and greatly reduces their service life. 2. When the photovoltaic modules have a hot spot effect, they generate a large amount of heat, causing a sharp rise in temperature locally, which poses a risk of fire.

[0006] Therefore, how to solve the problem that the temperature of photovoltaic modules is too high during use, resulting in low power generation, short life and high fire risk, has become an important technical problem that technicians in this field need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0007] The first aspect of the present invention aims to provide a cooling device for a photovoltaic module to solve the technical problem of excessively high temperature of the photovoltaic module in the prior art.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] The present invention provides a cooling device for a photovoltaic module, comprising a cooling channel arranged in a back plate at the rear side of the photovoltaic module and connected to a cold source. The cooling channel covers the entire area of ​​the back plate to perform heat exchange and cooling on the entire heating area of ​​the photovoltaic module through a circulating refrigerant in the cooling channel.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the cooling channel includes a refrigerant pipeline coiled inside the back plate, and both ends of the refrigerant pipeline are connected to the cold source through a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe respectively.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the diameter of the refrigerant pipeline is 1 / 3 of the thickness of the back plate, and the central axis of the refrigerant pipeline is located at the center of the thickness direction of the back plate.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the refrigerant pipeline includes a first main pipeline and at least two first branch pipelines, one end of the first main pipeline is connected to the liquid inlet pipeline, and both ends of all the first branch pipelines are respectively connected in parallel with the other end of the first main pipeline and the liquid outlet pipeline.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the refrigerant pipeline includes a main cooling pipeline and an auxiliary cooling pipeline connected to each other, the main cooling pipeline is connected to the liquid inlet pipeline, the auxiliary cooling pipeline is connected to the liquid outlet pipeline, the main cooling pipeline is arranged on the back plate corresponding to the main heating zone of the photovoltaic module, and the auxiliary cooling pipeline is arranged on the back plate corresponding to the secondary heating zone of the photovoltaic module. The main heating zone of the photovoltaic module refers to the area where controllers such as the intelligent junction box, power optimizer, and micro inverter are installed on the back of the photovoltaic module; since the controller releases a large amount of heat when working, the temperature of this area will rise sharply, even exceeding the safe working temperature of the photovoltaic module of 80°C, so in this design, the refrigerant is extracted from the cold source through the liquid extraction device and flows through the liquid inlet pipeline into the main cooling pipeline. The main cooling pipeline is arranged in the main heating zone, so that the refrigerant with low temperature flows through this area first. At this time, the low-temperature refrigerant can take away most of the heat generated by the operation of the controller, effectively cooling the area.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the main cooling pipeline and the auxiliary cooling pipeline both include a second main pipeline and at least two second branch pipelines, and one end of all the second branch pipelines is connected in parallel with one end of the second main pipeline.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the first branch pipeline and / or the second branch pipeline are / is arranged in the back plate in an S-shape, a U-shape, or a concentric circle.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, it also includes a liquid pumping device arranged on the liquid inlet pipeline.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, the liquid pumping device is a pump, and the flow rate of the pump is adjustable.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention, it further comprises a temperature sensor and a controller, wherein the temperature sensor is arranged on the back plate, and the controller is electrically connected to the temperature sensor and the liquid pumping device.

[0019] As a further improvement of the present invention, the number of the temperature sensors is two, namely a first sensor and a second sensor.

[0020] As a further improvement of the present invention, the first sensor and the second sensor are fixed to the surface of the back plate in an adhesive manner.

[0021] As a further improvement of the present invention, when the temperatures detected by the first sensor and the second sensor are both higher than the set temperature, the controller controls the pumping device to start cooling and exchanging heat; when the temperatures detected by the first sensor and the second sensor are both lower than the set temperature, the controller controls the pumping device to stop running; when the temperatures detected by the first sensor and the second sensor are one high and one low, and the temperature difference is not greater than 10 degrees Celsius, the controller determines the relationship between the highest detected temperature and the set temperature and controls the start or stop of the pumping device; when the temperatures detected by the first sensor and the second sensor are one high and one low, and the temperature difference is greater than 10 degrees Celsius, it is determined that one of the sensors has failed, and troubleshooting is performed.

[0022] As a further improvement of the present invention, the cold source is a liquid storage tank, and a cooling structure is arranged in the liquid storage tank.

[0023] As a further improvement of the present invention, the cooling structure is at least two baffles spaced apart along the length direction of the liquid storage tank to divide the interior of the liquid storage tank into at least three natural convection cooling zones, a liquid outlet is left between the baffle and the liquid storage tank, and two adjacent liquid outlets are staggered, and the liquid inlet and liquid outlet of the liquid storage tank are staggered with the adjacent liquid outlets, respectively.

[0024] As a further improvement of the present invention, the height of the baffle is smaller than the height of the liquid storage tank, and a liquid outlet is formed between the upper end or the lower end of the baffle and the top or the bottom of the liquid storage tank.

[0025] As a further improvement of the present invention, an inclined surface structure is provided at the end of the baffle plate close to the liquid outlet.

[0026] As a further improvement of the present invention, the inclined surface structure is located on a side of the baffle plate in a downstream direction of a natural flow of the refrigerant.

[0027] As a further improvement of the present invention, the liquid storage tank is made of a material with good thermal conductivity, and the refrigerant is cooled by the outward radiation heat of the liquid storage tank and the convection conduction of the refrigerant in the liquid storage tank.

[0028] As a further improvement of the present invention, the cooling structure is a condenser.

[0029] As a further improvement of the present invention, the refrigerant is water or a cooling liquid having a better heat absorption effect than water.

[0030] The second aspect of the present invention aims to provide a photovoltaic module to solve the technical problem of excessively high temperature of photovoltaic modules in the prior art.

[0031] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0032] The present invention provides a photovoltaic module, comprising a back plate, and a cooling device as described in the first aspect of the present invention, which is arranged in the back plate.

[0033] The photovoltaic module also includes a tempered glass layer, a first EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) layer and a battery cell which are laminated in sequence. The backplane is located at the rear side of the battery cell, and a second EVA layer is laminated between the backplane and the battery cell. EVA, in the field of chemistry and organic chemical industry, refers to "ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer" and the rubber-plastic foam material made thereof. The product has good softness, impact strength, environmental stress cracking resistance, good optical properties, low temperature resistance and non-toxicity in a wide temperature range. Among the packaging materials of solar cells, EVA is the most important material. EVA film is a thermosetting film-like hot melt adhesive. It is not sticky at room temperature, but when heated to the required temperature and hot pressed under certain conditions, it will undergo melt bonding and cross-linking curing.

[0034] As a further improvement of the present invention, the photovoltaic module further includes an up-conversion material layer.

[0035] As a further improvement of the present invention, the tempered glass layer is made of one of ordinary tempered glass, white film tempered glass and self-cleaning tempered glass.

[0036] As a further improvement of the present invention, the first EVA layer is made of transparent EVA or anti-reflective EVA.

[0037] As a further improvement of the present invention, the battery cell is monocrystalline or polycrystalline.

[0038] As a further improvement of the present invention, the second EVA layer is made of transparent EVA or white EVA.

[0039] As a further improvement of the present invention, the back plate is made of TPT or fiberglass which is easy to form.

[0040] The third aspect of the present invention aims to provide a photovoltaic power generation system to solve the technical problem of excessive temperature of photovoltaic components existing in the prior art.

[0041] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0042] The present invention provides a photovoltaic power generation system, comprising the photovoltaic assembly as described in the second aspect of the present invention and a bracket for supporting the photovoltaic assembly, wherein the photovoltaic assembly is tiltedly arranged on the bracket.

[0043] As a further improvement of the present invention, the bracket includes four support columns, two cross beams and four slots, the height of each support column is adjustable, the two cross beams are respectively connected to the tops of two of the support columns, the four slots are respectively fixedly connected to the two ends of the two cross beams, and a limiting portion for limiting the photovoltaic component is formed between the four slots.

[0044] As a further improvement of the present invention, the height and angle of the bracket are adjustable.

[0045] As a further improvement of the present invention, the bracket is a mounting bracket that can manually adjust the height angle, or a mounting bracket that can track the rotation of the sun and automatically adjust the angle direction. Both of these brackets are products in the prior art.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0047] The present invention controls the opening and closing of the water-cooling cooling pipe by setting a water-cooling cooling pipe in the back plate of the photovoltaic module and collecting and analyzing the data of the temperature sensor on the back of the photovoltaic module. It can more efficiently reduce the operating temperature of the photovoltaic module and control it within a certain range, greatly improve the output power of the module, increase the power generation, extend the service life of the module, and reduce the risk of fire caused by the hot spot effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0049] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the cooling device of the photovoltaic module of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a cooling device of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the cooling device of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 4 It is an internal structure diagram of an embodiment of a liquid storage tank of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a photovoltaic module of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure in which a photovoltaic module is installed on a bracket in the photovoltaic power generation system of the present invention.

[0055] In the figure, 1, photovoltaic module; 11, tempered glass layer; 12, first EVA layer; 13, battery cell; 14, second EVA layer; 15, back plate; 16, refrigerant pipeline; 161, first main pipeline; 162, first branch pipeline; 163, main cooling pipeline; 164, auxiliary cooling pipeline; 165, second main pipeline; 166, second branch pipeline; 2, cold source; 21, liquid inlet; 22, liquid outlet; 23, baffle; 24, liquid outlet; 25, warm water zone; 26, transition zone; 27, cold water zone; 3, controller; 31, crossbeam; 32, slot; 33, bolts and nuts; 4, temperature sensor; 5, pumping device; 6, liquid inlet pipeline; 7, liquid outlet pipeline; 8, bracket; 100, main heating zone; 200, secondary heating zone. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other implementation methods obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] The first aspect of the present invention provides a cooling device for a photovoltaic module, comprising a cooling channel arranged in a back plate 15 at the rear side of the photovoltaic module 1 and connected to a cold source 2, the cooling channel covering the entire area of ​​the back plate 15 so as to perform heat exchange and cooling of the entire heating area of ​​the photovoltaic module 1 through a circulating refrigerant in the cooling channel. In the present invention, the refrigerant is water, the cold source 2 is a liquid storage tank, and a cooling structure is arranged in the liquid storage tank.

[0058] As an optional embodiment, the cooling channel includes a refrigerant pipeline 16 coiled inside the back plate 15, and the two ends of the refrigerant pipeline 16 are connected to the cold source 2 through the liquid inlet pipeline 6 and the liquid outlet pipeline 7, respectively. Further, the diameter of the refrigerant pipeline 16 is 1 / 3 of the thickness of the back plate 15, and the central axis of the refrigerant pipeline 16 is located at the center of the thickness direction of the back plate 15. The refrigerant pipeline 16 is a symmetrical structure with the center of the thickness direction of the back plate 15 as the center. In order to ensure the strength of the back plate 15 and the entire structure, the thickness of the back plate 15 is slightly thicker than the conventional thickness, which can be adjusted according to actual conditions.

[0059] Specifically, Figure 2 , Figure 3 Two embodiments of water cooling channels are respectively given. Figure 2 It is a common and universal water cooling channel, which can ensure that water flows through all areas of the back plate 15 of the photovoltaic module 1 to cool the entire photovoltaic module 1. Figure 3 A water cooling channel is designed for a photovoltaic module 1 with controllers such as an intelligent junction box, a power optimizer, and a micro inverter installed on the back. Figure 3 The area shown in the square box in the upper middle is the controller installation area, i.e., the main heating area 100. Since the controller releases a large amount of heat when working, the temperature in this area will rise sharply, even exceeding the safe working temperature of the photovoltaic module 1 of 80°C. Therefore, in this design, the water flow flows through this area first. At this time, the water temperature is the lowest, which can take away most of the heat generated by the controller and effectively cool down the area. The area other than the heating area 100 is the secondary heating area 200. Figure 2 , Figure 3 The dimensions of the water-cooling channels shown are structural renderings drawn for ease of observation and are not proportional renderings.

[0060] for Figure 2 In the embodiment, the refrigerant pipeline 16 includes a first main pipeline 161 and at least two first branch pipelines 162, one end of the first main pipeline 161 is connected to the liquid inlet pipeline 6, and both ends of all the first branch pipelines 162 are respectively connected in parallel with the other end of the first main pipeline 161 and the liquid outlet pipeline 7. That is, the refrigerant in the cold source 2 enters the first main pipeline 161 through the liquid inlet pipeline 6, and then flows into all the first branch pipelines 162 connected in parallel with the first main pipeline 161, and is discharged back to the cold source 2 from the liquid outlet pipeline 7 after absorbing heat through all the first branch pipelines 162. All the first branch pipelines 162 are S-shaped, U-shaped, concentric circles or other forms covering the entire area of ​​the back plate 15.

[0061] for Figure 3 In the embodiment, the refrigerant pipeline 16 includes a main cooling pipeline 163 and an auxiliary cooling pipeline 164 which are connected to each other. The main cooling pipeline 163 is connected to the liquid inlet pipeline 6, and the auxiliary cooling pipeline 164 is connected to the liquid outlet pipeline 7. The main cooling pipeline 163 is arranged on the back plate 15 corresponding to the main heating area 100 of the photovoltaic module 1, and the auxiliary cooling pipeline 164 is arranged on the back plate 15 corresponding to the secondary heating area 200 of the photovoltaic module 1. In this design, the refrigerant is extracted from the cold source 2 through the liquid extraction device 5 and flows through the liquid inlet pipeline 6 into the main cooling pipeline 163. The main cooling pipeline 163 is arranged in the main heating area 100, so that the refrigerant with low temperature flows through this area first. At this time, the low-temperature refrigerant can take away most of the heat generated by the operation of the controller, and effectively cool down this area.

[0062] Specifically, the main cooling pipeline 163 and the auxiliary cooling pipeline 164 each include a second main pipeline 165 and at least two second branch pipelines 166 , and one end of all the second branch pipelines 166 is connected in parallel to one end of the second main pipeline 165 .

[0063] like Figure 2 He Ru Figure 3 As shown, the first branch pipeline 162 and / or the second branch pipeline 166 are arranged in the back plate 15 in an S-shape, a U-shape, or a concentric circle.

[0064] like Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a liquid pumping device 5 arranged on the liquid inlet pipe 6. As an optional embodiment, the liquid pumping device 5 is a pump, and the flow rate of the pump is adjustable. It also includes a temperature sensor 4 and a controller 3, the temperature sensor 4 is arranged on the back plate 15, and the controller 3 is electrically connected to the temperature sensor 4 and the liquid pumping device 5.

[0065] As an optional embodiment, the number of temperature sensors 4 is two, namely the first sensor and the second sensor. The first sensor and the second sensor are fixed to the surface of the back plate 15 by pasting. In specific use, when the temperature detected by the first sensor and the second sensor is higher than the set temperature, the controller 3 controls the pumping device 5 to start cooling and heat exchange; when the temperature detected by the first sensor and the second sensor is lower than the set temperature, the controller 3 controls the pumping device 5 to stop running; when the temperature detected by the first sensor and the second sensor is one high and one low, and the temperature difference is not greater than 10 degrees Celsius, the controller 3 determines the relationship between the detected highest temperature and the set temperature to control the start or stop of the pumping device 5; when the temperature detected by the first sensor and the second sensor is one high and one low, and the temperature difference is greater than 10 degrees Celsius, it is determined that one of the sensors is faulty and troubleshooting is performed.

[0066] like Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 The internal structure diagram of an embodiment of a liquid storage tank is provided with a liquid inlet 21 and a liquid outlet 22 respectively; the cooling structure is at least two baffles 23 arranged at intervals along the length direction of the liquid storage tank to divide the interior of the liquid storage tank into at least three natural convection cooling zones. In the present invention, there are two baffles 23, and the two baffles 23 divide the interior of the liquid storage tank into three cooling zones, namely a warm water zone 25, a transition zone 26 and a cold water zone 27. A liquid outlet 24 is left between the baffles 23 and the liquid storage tank, and two adjacent liquid outlets 24 are staggered. The liquid inlet 21 and the liquid outlet 22 of the liquid storage tank are staggered with the adjacent liquid outlets 24. Specifically, the height of the baffle 23 is less than the height of the liquid storage tank, and the liquid outlet 24 is between the upper end or the lower end of the baffle 23 and the top or the bottom of the liquid storage tank. The end of the baffle 23 close to the liquid outlet 24 is designed with an inclined slope structure to facilitate water flow. The inclined surface structure is located on the downstream side of the baffle 23 toward the natural flow of the refrigerant.

[0067] According to the principle that the density of cold water is greater than that of hot water and the cold water is at the bottom and the hot water is at the top in the liquid storage tank, there is a liquid inlet 21 on the left side of the warm water zone 25. The water temperature is higher at the top and lower at the bottom. The water enters the transition zone 26 from the liquid outlet 24 below the baffle 23. The water in the transition zone 26 enters the cold water zone 27 from the liquid outlet 24 above the baffle 23. The water below the cold water zone 27 is cooled by multiple heat conduction and heat radiation and is extracted at a lower temperature to cool the photovoltaic module 1 by water.

[0068] In this embodiment, the refrigerant in the liquid storage tank is cooled by natural radiation (i.e., heat dissipation outwards through the liquid storage tank wall) and sequential flow conduction cooling (i.e., the flow process from the warm water area 25 to the transition area 26 and then to the cold water area 27); so in order to improve the cooling effect of natural radiation, the liquid storage tank is made of a material with good thermal conductivity. The refrigerant is cooled by the outward radiation heat of the liquid storage tank and the convection conduction of the refrigerant in the liquid storage tank. This structure is only a basic cooling method and is only applicable to areas with relatively low temperatures all year round (for example, the temperature is lower than 25°C throughout the year). For areas with higher temperatures in summer (such as daytime temperatures higher than 25°C) or extreme climate areas (such as deserts, near the equator, etc.), another implementation method can be selected to replace the baffle 23 in the liquid storage tank with a condenser to enhance the cooling effect. The specific structural design of the condenser and the choice of refrigerant can be selected according to actual conditions.

[0069] Specifically, the refrigerant is water or a cooling liquid with a better heat absorption effect than water, which can be selected according to actual conditions. In the present invention, water is selected as the refrigerant.

[0070] Specific usage:

[0071] like Figure 1 As shown, the photovoltaic module 1 is installed on the bracket 8 at a certain angle; the back plate 15 is provided with upper and lower water cooling channel inlets and outlets, which are respectively connected to the water inlet pipe 6 and the water outlet pipe 7. The water inlet pipe 6 is connected to the water pump, and the water pump draws water from the liquid storage tank, and injects the water into the water cooling channel in the back plate 15 of the photovoltaic module 1 through the water inlet pipe 6, flows through all areas on the back of the photovoltaic module 1, absorbs the heat generated by the photovoltaic effect of the photovoltaic module 1, and then flows into the liquid storage tank from the water outlet pipe 7. Two temperature sensors 4 are attached to the back of the photovoltaic module 1 and are connected to the controller 3. When the temperature signals transmitted to the controller 3 by the two temperature sensors 4 are higher than a certain critical temperature value, the controller 3 transmits an on signal to the water pump, and the water pump starts working to perform water cooling. The flow rate of the water pump is adjustable, and the flow rate of the water pump is determined according to the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 4. The higher the temperature, the greater the flow rate. When the temperature signals transmitted to the controller 3 by the two temperature sensors 4 are lower than a certain critical temperature value, the controller 3 transmits an off signal to the water pump, and the water pump stops working, ending the water cooling.

[0072] like Figure 5 As shown, the second aspect of the present invention provides a photovoltaic module, comprising a tempered glass layer 11, a first EVA layer 12, a battery cell 13, a second EVA layer 14 and a back plate 15 laminated in sequence, and the cooling device provided by the first aspect of the present invention is arranged in the back plate 15. The photovoltaic module 1 also includes an upconversion material layer.

[0073] The tempered glass layer 11 is made of one of ordinary tempered glass, white film tempered glass, and self-cleaning tempered glass. The first EVA layer 12 is made of transparent EVA or anti-reflective EVA; the battery cell 13 is single crystal or polycrystalline; or one of P type, N type, multi-main grid, half cell, shingled or double-sided; the second EVA layer 14 is made of transparent EVA or white EVA; the back plate 15 is made of easy-to-form TPT or glass fiber reinforced plastic material.

[0074] The third aspect of the present invention provides a photovoltaic power generation system, comprising the photovoltaic assembly 1 provided in the second aspect of the present invention and a bracket 8 for supporting the photovoltaic assembly 1, wherein the photovoltaic assembly 1 is tiltedly arranged on the bracket 8; Figure 6 This is an example of an installation method for photovoltaic components. The bracket 8 includes four support columns, two beams 31 and four slots 32. The height of each support column is adjustable. The two beams 31 are respectively connected to the tops of two of the support columns. The four slots 32 are respectively fixedly connected to the two ends of the two beams 31 by bolts and nuts 33. A limiting portion for limiting the photovoltaic component 1 is formed between the four slots 32. The installation angle of the photovoltaic component 1 can be changed by adjusting the relative height of the support columns.

[0075] Since different angles between the photovoltaic module 1 and the sun will result in different power generation, in order to increase the power generation of the photovoltaic module 1, the bracket 8 is selected to be of a type with adjustable height and angle, such as a mounting bracket with manually adjustable height and angle, or a mounting bracket that can track the rotation of the sun and automatically adjust the angle and direction; both types of brackets are products in the prior art.

[0076] Specifically, the cooling devices in the photovoltaic components and photovoltaic power generation systems of the second and third aspects of the present invention can adopt the cooling device of the first aspect of the present invention, and other components can adopt the structure and connection method in the prior art, which will not be repeated here.

[0077] In the present invention, the selection of the components of the five laminated settings of the photovoltaic module 1 can be selected from any suitable materials and structures according to the needs, and some other parts, such as upconversion material layers, etc., can also be added according to the needs. The water cooling channel in the back plate 15 can be designed in other ways according to the needs, and it only needs to flow through all areas on the back of the photovoltaic module 1. The liquid storage tank can be designed in other ways. If the photovoltaic module 1 is installed in an ultra-high temperature area, such as a desert area or a tropical area, a condenser tube can be used in the liquid storage tank, the liquid storage tank material can be selected from materials with better thermal conductivity, and the water-cooling liquid can be selected from other refrigerants with better heat absorption effects. Other methods of installation of the photovoltaic module 1 can also be selected.

[0078] It should be noted here that “inward” refers to the direction toward the center of the accommodating space, and “outward” refers to the direction away from the center of the accommodating space.

[0079] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0080] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0081] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0082] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0083] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0084] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: It comprises a back plate (15) and a cooling device arranged in the back plate (15), the cooling device comprising a cooling channel arranged in the back plate (15) at the rear side of the photovoltaic module (1) and connected to the cold source (2), the cooling channel covering the entire area of ​​the back plate (15) so as to perform heat exchange and cooling on the entire heating area of ​​the photovoltaic module (1) through the circulating refrigerant in the cooling channel; The cooling channel comprises a refrigerant pipeline (16) coiled inside the back plate (15), and both ends of the refrigerant pipeline (16) are connected to the cold source (2) via a liquid inlet pipeline (6) and a liquid outlet pipeline (7) respectively; The refrigerant pipeline (16) comprises a main cooling pipeline (163) and an auxiliary cooling pipeline (164) which are connected to each other. The main cooling pipeline (163) is connected to the liquid inlet pipeline (6), and the auxiliary cooling pipeline (164) is connected to the liquid outlet pipeline (7). The main cooling pipeline (163) is arranged on the back plate (15) at a position corresponding to the main heating zone (100) of the photovoltaic module (1), and the auxiliary cooling pipeline (164) is arranged on the back plate (15) at a position corresponding to the secondary heating zone (200) of the photovoltaic module (1). The main heating zone (100) of the photovoltaic module (1) refers to an area on the back of the photovoltaic module (1) where a controller is installed.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the refrigerant pipeline (16) is 1 / 3 of the thickness of the back plate (15), and the central axis of the refrigerant pipeline (16) is located at the center of the thickness direction of the back plate (15).

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The refrigerant pipeline (16) comprises a first main pipeline (161) and at least two first branch pipelines (162), wherein one end of the first main pipeline (161) is connected to the liquid inlet pipeline (6), and both ends of all the first branch pipelines (162) are respectively connected in parallel to the other end of the first main pipeline (161) and the liquid outlet pipeline (7).

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that: The main cooling pipeline (163) and the auxiliary cooling pipeline (164) both comprise a second main pipeline (165) and at least two second branch pipelines (166), and one end of all the second branch pipelines (166) is connected in parallel to one end of the second main pipeline (165).

5. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: It also includes a liquid pumping device (5) arranged on the liquid inlet pipeline (6).

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a temperature sensor (4) and a controller (3), wherein the temperature sensor (4) is arranged on the back plate (15), and the controller (3) is electrically connected to the temperature sensor (4) and the liquid pumping device (5).

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 6, characterized in that: The number of the temperature sensors (4) is two, namely a first sensor and a second sensor.

8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cold source (2) is a liquid storage tank, and a cooling structure is arranged inside the liquid storage tank.

9. The photovoltaic module according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cooling structure comprises at least two baffles (23) arranged at intervals along the length direction of the liquid storage tank so as to divide the interior of the liquid storage tank into at least three natural convection cooling zones, a liquid outlet (24) is left between the baffle (23) and the liquid storage tank, and two adjacent liquid outlets (24) are staggered, and a liquid inlet (21) and a liquid outlet (22) of the liquid storage tank are staggered with adjacent liquid outlets (24), respectively.

10. The photovoltaic module according to claim 9, characterized in that: An inclined surface structure is provided at the end of the baffle (23) close to the liquid passage port (24).

11. The photovoltaic module according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cooling structure is a condenser.

12. A photovoltaic power generation system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a photovoltaic assembly (1) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11 and a bracket (8) for supporting the photovoltaic assembly (1), wherein the photovoltaic assembly (1) is arranged on the bracket (8) in an inclined manner.

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