A stretching device in a low temperature environment

Abstract

The present invention provides a stretching device for use in low-temperature environments. The device includes a stretching assembly and a control system. The stretching assembly is a vertical stretching mechanism connected to a low-temperature source. The mechanism includes an insulated box, a stretching rod, a support frame, and a drive device. The low-temperature source is connected to the insulated box. The technical solution provided by the present invention allows the low-temperature source to deliver a refrigerant medium into the insulated box, gradually reaching the low temperature required for testing. This effectively simulates the low temperature in the actual application environment of the test material. Various parameters of the material under low-temperature conditions are measured through stretching experiments, ensuring their accuracy and effectiveness, providing a reference for material application. Furthermore, the device has a reasonable structure and is simple to install.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a stretching test device, in particular to a stretching device in a low temperature environment. Background Art

[0002] my country has a vast territory, and some transmission towers are located in areas with lower temperatures. Low temperatures will increase the brittleness of steel, which is usually called low-temperature cold brittleness. The low temperature environment also has a great impact on the impact performance of steel. The resulting brittle fracture accidents of transmission tower steel have occurred frequently, causing serious harm. The low-temperature toughness of transmission tower steel structures has gradually attracted people's attention.

[0003] The strength and plasticity indicators of the material's toughness need to be measured through tensile testing. Testing the material's performance in a low-temperature environment requires simulating low temperatures. Existing methods often involve placing the tensile specimen in a low-temperature environment for a certain period of time. Once the specimen reaches the test temperature, it is quickly removed from the low-temperature environment and placed on a test bench for testing. Since the cooled specimen exchanges heat with the air at room temperature, the specimen temperature will increase slightly, affecting the accuracy of the test results. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the applicant has designed a stretching device for low-temperature environments. The core part of the experiment is set in a constant temperature box in the experimental device. The experimental space where the material to be tested is located can simulate the low-temperature environment of its actual application to the greatest extent, and can ensure the accuracy of the measured data.

[0005] The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a stretching device for use in a low-temperature environment. The device comprises a stretching assembly and a control system. The stretching assembly is a vertical stretching mechanism connected to a low-temperature source. The mechanism comprises an insulation box, a stretching rod, a support frame, and a driving device. The low-temperature source is connected to the insulation box.

[0007] Preferably, the insulation box includes an insulation zone and a stretching zone; the stretching rod is provided in the stretching zone; and an electric control valve is provided on the pipeline connecting the low-temperature source and the stretching zone.

[0008] Preferably, the stretching area of ​​the thermal insulation box is provided with a timer and a sensor; the sensor is communicatively connected with the electric control valve.

[0009] Preferably, the support frame includes columns connected to the upper and lower surfaces of the insulation zone respectively and a base fixedly connected to the other end of the column.

[0010] Preferably, the stretching rod includes a coaxially arranged fixed rod passing through the lower surface of the stretching zone and a movable rod passing through the upper surface of the stretching zone; the upper end of the fixed rod and the lower end of the movable rod are respectively provided with a lower chuck and an upper chuck that can freely extend and retract along the radial direction.

[0011] Preferably, the sensors include a temperature sensor, a force sensor and a deformation sensor.

[0012] Preferably, the lower end of the fixing rod is fixedly connected to the lower pedestal.

[0013] Preferably, the upper end of the movable rod is connected to a driving device fixedly connected to the upper pedestal.

[0014] Preferably, the upper and lower surfaces of the stretching zone are respectively provided with through holes for the fixed rod and the movable rod to pass through, and the lower through hole and the fixed rod are sealed; the edge of the upper through hole is provided with an annular folded cotton.

[0015] Preferably, the low-temperature source is a liquid nitrogen tank; a pressure gauge and a valve are provided on the top of the liquid nitrogen tank; an air outlet is provided on the side of the liquid nitrogen tank, and a switch is provided at the air outlet.

[0016] Preferably, the plate materials of the thermal insulation box include an outer plate, a thermal insulation plate, and an inner plate which are arranged in parallel from the outside to the inside.

[0017] Preferably, the insulation board comprises the following components in parts by mass:

[0018] 100-150 parts of magnesium chloride solution, 45-55 parts of magnesium oxide powder, 45-55 parts of filler, 4-8 parts of foaming agent;

[0019] The filler is selected from one or more of fly ash, dolomite powder, calcium carbonate powder, gypsum powder, perlite, red mud, lake sludge, river sand, and coal gangue.

[0020] Preferably, the upper chuck comprises the following components in parts by mass:

[0021] C: 0.3 parts to 2 parts; N: 1 part to 3 parts, In: element 0.5 parts to 1 part, Pd: 0.02 parts to 0.1 parts, Zr: 0.1 parts to 1 parts, Ir: 0.5 parts to 1.5 parts, Rh: 0.2 parts to 2 parts, Fe: 30 parts to 50 parts.

[0022] Preferably, the lower chuck comprises the following components in parts by mass:

[0023] C: 0.8 to 1.8 parts; N: 2 to 2.5 parts, In: 1.5 to 2 parts, Pd: 0.12 to 0.15 parts, Zr: 0.4 to 0.8 parts, Ir: 0.8 to 1.5 parts, Rh: 0.2 to 2 parts, Fe: 30 to 50 parts.

[0024] Compared with the closest prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. The technical solution provided by the present invention completes the stretching of the sample in a low-temperature environment through the coordinated control of the control system: a low-temperature source transports a refrigerant medium to the stretching zone of the insulation box, and the stretching zone can gradually reach the low temperature required for the test, effectively simulating the temperature of the actual application environment of the material. Through the stretching experiment, various parameters of the material in a low-temperature environment are measured, ensuring the accuracy and effectiveness of various parameters, and providing a reference for the application of the material; moreover, the experimental device has a reasonable structure and is easy to install; and the control system also has a storage function, which saves the test data on the disk, providing convenience for the re-analysis of the test data, database management and network transmission.

[0026] 2. The technical solution provided by the present invention can realize closed-loop control of force, displacement and specimen deformation, constant force, constant displacement and constant strain control by controlling the up and down movement of the movable rod through a driving device, and smooth switching between various control modes can be achieved.

[0027] 3. The technical solution provided by the present invention sets a stretching zone and a heat-insulating zone in the temperature box, which reduces the low-temperature space and saves the cooling medium; and avoids direct contact between the stretching zone and the external environment, thereby greatly improving the temperature stability.

[0028] 4. The technical solution provided by the present invention comprises a sensor including a force sensor, a temperature sensor and a deformation sensor. On the one hand, the temperature sensor and the electric control valve cooperate to control the temperature, monitor and correct the temperature at all times, and further improve the temperature stability. On the other hand, the force sensor and the deformation sensor can accurately control various parameters in the test process in real time, greatly shortening the test time and reducing costs.

[0029] 5. The technical solution provided by the present invention, the layered structure of the plate material of the insulation box and the material design of the middle insulation layer ensure that the entire testing process is carried out under a controllable low temperature condition.

[0030] 6. The technical case provided by the present invention is that the materials of the upper chuck and the lower chuck can ensure the fixation and stretching of the sample to be tested, and can greatly extend the service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0032] Figure 1 : Schematic diagram of the experimental device structure provided by the present invention

[0033] Figure markings: 1-low temperature source, 2-conduit, 3-insulation box, 4-upper column, 5-lower column, 6-upper pedestal, 7-lower pedestal, 8-fixed rod, 9-movable rod, 10-upper chuck, 11-lower chuck, 12-driving device, 13-plate, 14-pressure gauge, 15-valve, 16-switch, 17-electric control valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application are described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a stretching device in a low-temperature environment, which includes a stretching component and a control system. The stretching component is a vertical stretching component connected to a low-temperature source 1; the component includes an insulation box 3, a stretching rod and a support frame; the low-temperature source 1 is connected to the insulation box 3.

[0036] The heat preservation box 3 includes heat preservation areas on both sides and a stretching area in the middle; the stretching rod is arranged in the stretching area; an electric control valve 17 is provided on the pipeline connecting the low-temperature source 1 and the stretching area.

[0037] The stretching area of ​​the heat preservation box 3 is provided with a timer and a sensor; the sensor is in communication connection with the electric control valve 17 .

[0038] The sensors include temperature sensors, force sensors, and deformation sensors.

[0039] The support frame includes an upper column 4 connected to the upper surface of the insulation area, a lower column 5 connected to the lower surface of the insulation area, an upper pedestal 6 fixedly connected to the upper end of the upper column 4, and a lower pedestal 7 fixedly connected to the lower end of the lower column 5.

[0040] The stretching rod includes a fixed rod 8 passing through the lower surface of the stretching zone and a movable rod 9 passing through the upper surface of the stretching zone; the upper end of the fixed rod 8 and the lower end of the movable rod 9 are respectively provided with a lower clamp 11 and an upper clamp 10 that can freely extend and retract along the radial direction.

[0041] The axes of the fixed rod 8 and the movable rod 9 are in a straight line.

[0042] The lower end of the fixing rod 8 is fixedly connected to the lower base 7 .

[0043] The upper end of the movable rod 9 is connected to the driving device 12 fixedly connected to the upper pedestal 6 .

[0044] The upper and lower surfaces of the stretching zone are respectively provided with through holes for the fixed rod and the movable rod to pass through, and the lower through hole and the fixed rod are sealed; the edge of the upper through hole is provided with an annular folded cotton.

[0045] The low temperature source 1 is a liquid nitrogen tank; a pressure gauge 14 and a valve 15 are provided on the top of the liquid nitrogen tank; an air outlet is provided on the side of the liquid nitrogen tank, and a switch 16 is provided on the air outlet.

[0046] The plate 13 of the heat preservation box includes an outer plate, a heat preservation plate, and an inner plate which are arranged in parallel from the outside to the inside.

[0047] The insulation board comprises the following components in parts by mass:

[0048] 100-150 parts of magnesium chloride solution, 45-55 parts of magnesium oxide powder, 45-55 parts of filler, 4-8 parts of foaming agent;

[0049] The filler is selected from one or more of fly ash, dolomite powder, calcium carbonate powder, gypsum powder, perlite, red mud, lake sludge, river sand, and coal gangue.

[0050] The upper chuck 10 comprises the following components in parts by mass:

[0051] C: 0.3 parts to 2 parts; N: 1 part to 3 parts, In: element 0.5 parts to 1 part, Pd: 0.02 parts to 0.1 parts, Zr: 0.1 parts to 1 parts, Ir: 0.5 parts to 1.5 parts, Rh: 0.2 parts to 2 parts, Fe: 30 parts to 50 parts.

[0052] The lower chuck 11 comprises the following components in parts by mass:

[0053] C: 0.8 parts to 1.8 parts; N: 2 parts to 2.5 parts, In: 1.5 parts to 2 parts, Pd: 0.12 parts to 0.15 parts, Zr: 0.4 parts to 0.8 parts, Ir: 0.8 parts to 1.5 parts, Rh: 0.2 parts to 2 parts, Fe: 30 parts to 50 parts.

[0054] Finally, it should be noted that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making any creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A stretching device in a low temperature environment, comprising a stretching component and a control system, characterized in that: The stretching assembly is a vertical stretching mechanism connected to a low-temperature source; the mechanism includes an insulation box, a stretching rod, a support frame and a driving device; the low-temperature source is connected to the insulation box; The heat preservation box includes a heat preservation area and a stretching area; the stretching rod is provided in the stretching area; an electric control valve is provided on the pipeline connecting the low temperature source and the stretching area; The stretching rod comprises a fixed rod and a movable rod coaxially arranged to pass through the lower surface of the stretching zone and the upper surface of the stretching zone; the upper end of the fixed rod and the lower end of the movable rod are respectively provided with a lower chuck and an upper chuck that can freely extend and retract in the radial direction; The upper chuck includes the following components by mass: C: 0.3 to 2 parts; N: 1 to 3 parts, In: 0.5 to 1 part, Pd: 0.02 to 0.1 parts, Zr: 0.1~1 parts, Ir: 0.5~1.5 parts, Rh: 0.2~2 parts, Fe: 30~50 parts; The lower chuck includes the following components in parts by mass: C: 0.8 to 1.8 parts; N: 2 to 2.5 parts, In: 1.5 to 2 parts, Pd: 0.12 to 0.15 parts, Zr: 0.4 to 0.8 parts, Ir: 0.8 to 1.5 parts, Rh: 0.2 to 2 parts, and Fe: 30 to 50 parts.

2. A stretching device for low temperature environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stretching area of ​​the heat preservation box is provided with a timer and a sensor; the sensor is communicatively connected with the electric control valve.

3. The stretching device for low temperature environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame includes an upper column connected to the upper surface of the insulation area, an upper pedestal connected to the upper end of the upper column, a lower column connected to the lower surface of the insulation area, and a lower pedestal connected to the lower end of the lower column.

4. The stretching device for low temperature environment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sensors include a temperature sensor, a force sensor and a deformation sensor.

5. The stretching device for low temperature environment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower end of the fixing rod is fixedly connected to the lower pedestal.

6. The stretching device for low temperature environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the movable rod is connected to a driving device fixedly connected to the upper pedestal.

7. The stretching device for low temperature environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper and lower surfaces of the stretching zone are respectively provided with through holes for the fixed rod and the movable rod to pass through, and the lower through hole and the fixed rod are sealed; the edge of the upper through hole is provided with an annular folded cotton.

8. The stretching device for low temperature environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low temperature source is a liquid nitrogen tank; a pressure gauge and a valve are provided on the top of the liquid nitrogen tank; an air outlet is provided on the side of the liquid nitrogen tank, and a switch is provided on the air outlet.

9. The stretching device for low temperature environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plates of the heat preservation box include an outer plate, a heat preservation plate and an inner plate which are arranged in parallel from the outside to the inside.

10. The stretching device for low temperature environment according to claim 9, characterized in that: The insulation board comprises the following components in parts by mass: 100-150 parts of magnesium chloride solution, 45-55 parts of magnesium oxide powder, 45-55 parts of filler, 4-8 parts of foaming agent; The filler is selected from one or more of fly ash, dolomite powder, calcium carbonate powder, gypsum powder, perlite, red mud, lake sludge, river sand, and coal gangue.

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