An electromagnetic dual-clutch spindle with switchable dual reduction ratio output

Abstract

The present invention discloses an electromagnetic dual-clutch main shaft with switchable dual reduction ratio output, belonging to the technical field of machine tool main shafts. It includes a servo motor, one end of the servo motor is provided with a coupling, one end of the coupling is installed with a central transmission shaft, a harmonic reducer is installed at a position of the central transmission shaft close to the coupling, a primary electromagnetic brake clutch is installed on one side of the harmonic reducer, and a first bearing is installed at the output position of the other end of the primary electromagnetic brake clutch and the position of the central transmission shaft. Through two electromagnetic brake clutches in this invention patent, when using the harmonic reducer with large reduction ratio and high precision as the reduction transmission mechanism, it is used for indexing, positioning and reciprocating rotation angle machining; when using the planetary reducer with small reduction ratio and high transmission efficiency for high-speed continuous rotation output, it cooperates to achieve a switching of a single output point, solving the problems of inability to output at a single point and a single power input controlling the indexing shaft and the rotating shaft.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of machine tool spindles, and particularly relates to an electromagnetic double-clutch spindle with switchable dual reduction ratio output. Background Art

[0002] The machine tool spindle refers to the shaft on the machine tool that drives the workpiece or tool to rotate. Generally, the spindle assembly consists of a spindle, bearings, and transmission parts (gears or pulleys). It is mainly used in the machine to support transmission parts such as gears and pulleys, transmit motion and torque. For example, the machine tool spindle is used to clamp workpieces in some cases, such as a mandrel.

[0003] On the market, the numerical control machine tool spindles usually do not have replaceable secondary reduction or acceleration synchronous pulleys, and cannot meet the requirement of switching different levels of rotational speeds or rotational usage modes. Moreover, in the spindle structure, the clutch structure has two input positions and one output position, and two motors need to be installed as power inputs to achieve the integration of the indexing shaft and the rotating shaft functions. This not only has disadvantages such as large structural volume, high cost, many motors, many control unit interfaces, and high system resource occupancy. Especially, the system needs to control two motors, that is, for the system, two axes need to be controlled, and two-axis control ports are required to achieve the coexistence of two modes. More resources such as the capacity of the power transformer, control cables, motor power cables, the space of the machine tool, and the space of the control cabinet need to be occupied.

[0004] Content of the Invention Patent

[0005] The purpose of this invention patent is to provide an electromagnetic double-clutch spindle with switchable dual reduction ratio output to solve the problems of inability to singly control the indexing shaft and the rotating shaft and the inability to replace the secondary reduction or acceleration synchronous pulley on the spindle proposed in the above background art.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention patent provides the following technical solution: An electromagnetic double-clutch spindle with switchable dual reduction ratio output, which is a numerical control machine tool spindle, includes a servo motor. One end of the servo motor is provided with a coupling. One end of the coupling is installed with a central transmission shaft. A harmonic reducer is installed at a position of the central transmission shaft close to the coupling. A primary electromagnetic brake clutch is installed on one side of the harmonic reducer. A first bearing is installed at the output position of the other end of the primary electromagnetic brake clutch and the position of the central transmission shaft. The first bearing is fixedly connected to the central transmission shaft. A synchronous pulley is installed on one side of the primary electromagnetic brake clutch. A secondary electromagnetic brake clutch is installed on the other side of the synchronous pulley. A second bearing is installed at a position of the secondary electromagnetic brake clutch close to the central transmission shaft. The second bearing is fixedly connected to the central transmission shaft. A planetary reducer is installed on one side of the central transmission shaft close to the secondary electromagnetic brake clutch.

[0007] Preferably, the bottom of the central drive shaft is transitioned at an oblique angle to form an oblique angle portion.

[0008] Preferably, a planetary reducer fixing wheel is installed on one side of the planetary reducer, and the planetary reducer fixing wheel is of a T-shaped structure.

[0009] Preferably, a first power input carbon brush ring is installed on one side of the first-stage electromagnetic brake clutch, and a second power input carbon brush ring is installed on the side of the second-stage electromagnetic brake clutch close to the first power input carbon brush ring.

[0010] Preferably, a shaft sleeve is provided at a position on the outer wall of one side of the servo motor close to the coupling, and the shaft sleeve is fixedly connected to the harmonic reducer by bolts.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0012] (1) In the present invention, a first-stage electromagnetic brake clutch, a second-stage electromagnetic brake clutch, a harmonic reducer, and a planetary reducer are provided. The first-stage electromagnetic brake clutch installed on the harmonic reducer is set to be normally closed, and the second-stage electromagnetic brake clutch installed on the planetary reducer is set to be normally open. When the two electromagnetic brake clutches use the harmonic reducer with a large reduction ratio and high precision as the speed reduction transmission mechanism, they are used for indexing, positioning, and reciprocating rotation angle machining; when using the planetary reducer with a small reduction ratio and high transmission efficiency for high-speed continuous rotation output, they are used in occasions such as turning and milling, and cooperate to achieve a switching of a single output point control, solving the problem of inability to output at a single point and a single power input controlling the indexing shaft and the rotating shaft.

[0013] (2) In the present invention, a central drive shaft and a hollow synchronous pulley are provided. A first bearing and a second bearing are installed on the central drive shaft to respectively carry and fix the output ends of the first-stage electromagnetic brake clutch and the second-stage electromagnetic brake clutch, making the rotation of the central drive shaft independent of the output ends of the first-stage electromagnetic brake clutch and the second-stage electromagnetic brake clutch after being decelerated by the reduction mechanism, and the hollow synchronous pulley fixed to the output end of the electromagnetic brake clutch is independent of the rotation of the central drive shaft, without interference with each other. And by replacing the driven synchronous pulleys with different numbers of teeth, secondary adjustment of deceleration or acceleration is achieved, facilitating the realization of the requirements of different rotational speeds in a large range, and solving the problem that indexing and positioning cannot be achieved on the same main shaft, and the coexistence of low, medium, and high-speed multi-stage rotational speeds on the main shaft. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 is a side view of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 is an enlarged view of part A of the present invention;

[0017] In the figure: 1 - servo motor, 2 - bushing, 3 - coupling, 4 - central transmission shaft, 5 - harmonic reducer, 6 - primary electromagnetic brake clutch, 7 - synchronous pulley, 8 - secondary electromagnetic brake clutch, 9 - planetary reducer, 10 - beveled part, 11 - planetary reducer fixed wheel, 12 - second bearing, 13 - second power - input carbon brush ring, 14 - first power - input carbon brush ring, 15 - first bearing. Specific embodiments

[0018] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Please refer to Figures 1 - 3 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: an electromagnetic double - clutch main shaft with switchable double - reduction - ratio output, including a servo motor 1. One end of the servo motor 1 is provided with a coupling 3. One end of the coupling 3 is installed with a central transmission shaft 4. A harmonic reducer 5 is installed at a position of the central transmission shaft 4 close to the coupling 3. A primary electromagnetic brake clutch 6 is installed on one side of the harmonic reducer 5. At the output position of the other end of the primary electromagnetic brake clutch 6 and the position of the central transmission shaft 4, a first bearing 15 is installed. The first bearing 15 is fixedly connected to the central transmission shaft 4. A synchronous pulley 7 is installed on one side of the primary electromagnetic brake clutch 6. A secondary electromagnetic brake clutch 8 is installed on the other side of the synchronous pulley 7. A second bearing 12 is installed at a position of the secondary electromagnetic brake clutch 8 close to the central transmission shaft 4. The second bearing 12 is fixedly connected to the central transmission shaft 4. A planetary reducer 9 is installed on one side of the central transmission shaft 4 close to the secondary electromagnetic brake clutch 8. Through the isolation of the first bearing 15 and the second bearing 12, the independent rotation of the central transmission shaft 4 after different external decelerations or accelerations is realized, without mutual interference.

[0020] To facilitate the installation of the central transmission shaft 4, in this embodiment, preferably, the bottom of the central transmission shaft 4 is transitioned at an oblique angle to form a beveled part 10.

[0021] To facilitate the fixation of the planetary reducer 9, in this embodiment, preferably, a planetary reducer fixed wheel 11 is installed on one side of the planetary reducer 9. The planetary reducer fixed wheel 11 is of a T - shaped structure.

[0022] To facilitate the switching of the rotation speed or mode, in this embodiment, preferably, a first power - input carbon brush ring 14 is installed on one side of the primary electromagnetic brake clutch 6, and a second power - input carbon brush ring 13 is installed on one side of the secondary electromagnetic brake clutch 8 close to the first power - input carbon brush ring 14.

[0023] To facilitate the fixation of the servo motor 1, in this embodiment, preferably, a shaft sleeve 2 is provided at a position on the outer wall of one side of the servo motor 1 close to the coupling 3, and the shaft sleeve 2 is fixedly connected to the harmonic reducer 5 by bolts.

[0024] The working principle and usage process of this invention patent: When using this device, the primary electromagnetic brake clutch 6 installed on the harmonic reducer 5 is set to normally closed, and the secondary electromagnetic brake clutch 8 installed on the planetary reducer 9 is set to normally open. The same synchronous pulley 7 is installed between the output ends of the primary electromagnetic brake clutch 6 and the secondary electromagnetic brake clutch 8. One end of the primary electromagnetic brake clutch 6 is used as the input to connect to the harmonic reduction mechanism, and the other end is used as the output to be fixedly connected to the synchronous pulley 7. One end of the secondary electromagnetic brake clutch 8 is used as the input to connect to the planetary reduction mechanism, and the other end is used as the output to be fixedly connected to the synchronous pulley 7 at the same time. By controlling the engagement and separation of the primary electromagnetic brake clutch 6 and the secondary electromagnetic brake clutch 8, free switching between two kinds of deceleration or acceleration can be realized, which is convenient for meeting the requirements of different rotation speeds. A harmonic reducer 5 is installed on one side of the primary electromagnetic brake clutch 6. The harmonic reducer 5 has the characteristics of a large reduction ratio and high precision. When using the harmonic reducer 5 as a reduction transmission mechanism, it is used for indexing, positioning, and reciprocating rotation angle machining. A planetary reducer 9 is installed on one side of the secondary electromagnetic brake clutch 8. The planetary reducer 9 has the characteristics of a small reduction ratio and high transmission efficiency. When using the planetary reducer 9, it outputs as a high-speed continuous rotation and is used in occasions such as turning and milling, and cooperates to realize single-point control of a single power system to achieve a high-precision indexing shaft and a high-speed rotating shaft.

[0025] Although the embodiments of this invention patent have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of this invention patent. The scope of this invention patent is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic dual-clutch main shaft with switchable dual reduction ratio output, which is the main shaft of a numerically controlled machine tool, including a servo motor (1). One end of the servo motor (1) is provided with a coupling (3), and one end of the coupling (3) is installed with a central transmission shaft (4). Characterized in that: A harmonic reducer (5) is installed at a position of the central transmission shaft (4) close to the coupling (3). One side of the harmonic reducer (5) is installed with a first electromagnetic brake clutch (6). A first bearing (15) is installed at the output position of the other end of the first electromagnetic brake clutch (6) and the position of the central transmission shaft (4). The first bearing (15) is fixedly connected to the central transmission shaft (4). One side of the first electromagnetic brake clutch (6) is installed with a synchronous pulley (7). The other side of the synchronous pulley (7) is installed with a second electromagnetic brake clutch (8). A second bearing (12) is installed at a position of the second electromagnetic brake clutch (8) close to the central transmission shaft (4). The second bearing (12) is fixedly connected to the central transmission shaft (4). A planetary reducer (9) is installed on one side of the central transmission shaft (4) close to the second electromagnetic brake clutch (8). The bottom of the central transmission shaft (4) is transitioned at an oblique angle to form an oblique angle portion (10). One side of the planetary reducer (9) is installed with a planetary reducer fixed wheel (11). The planetary reducer fixed wheel (11) is of a T-shaped structure. The same synchronous pulley (7) is installed between the output ends of the first electromagnetic brake clutch (6) and the second electromagnetic brake clutch (8), realizing single-point control of a single power system to achieve a high-precision indexing shaft and a high-speed rotating shaft.

2. The electromagnetic dual-clutch main shaft with switchable dual reduction ratio output according to claim 1, Characterized in that: A first incoming power carbon brush ring (14) is installed on one side of the first electromagnetic brake clutch (6). A second incoming power carbon brush ring (13) is installed on one side of the second electromagnetic brake clutch (8) close to the first incoming power carbon brush ring (14).

3. The electromagnetic dual-clutch main shaft with switchable dual reduction ratio output according to claim 2, Characterized in that: A shaft sleeve (2) is provided at a position on the outer wall of one side of the servo motor (1) close to the coupling (3). The shaft sleeve (2) is fixedly connected to the harmonic reducer (5) by bolts.

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