Heating U-shaped tower tube multiphase flow booster turbine high efficiency cycle power generation device

Abstract

The heating U-shaped tower tube multiphase flow booster turbine high-efficiency cycle power generation device of the present invention belongs to the field of variable-volume engine devices for hot gas or combustion products, and is composed of a cooler, a cooling tower tube, a liquid supply supercharger, a heating tower tube, a multi-stage multi-stage turbine unit, a generator, a gas-liquid separator and an exhaust converter. The heating tower tube is composed of a chassis and a vertical tower tube. The bottom of the cooling tower tube is connected to the chassis of the heating tower tube, and a liquid supply supercharger is arranged at the connection part. A heating coil is arranged in the chassis, and a multi-stage multi-stage turbine unit is arranged in the vertical tower tube. The output shaft of the multi-stage multi-stage turbine unit is connected to the generator, and the top outlet of the vertical tower tube is connected to the gas-liquid separator. The upper outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the exhaust converter, and the outlet of the exhaust converter is connected to the cooling tower tube. The device has many types of driving energy, large types of driving energy, high efficiency of driving energy mechanical shaft work conversion, small ineffective energy consumption, and high recycling rate of residual liquid, multiple types of residual gas, and multiple types of residual energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of variable capacity engine devices for hot gas or combustion products, and in particular to a high-efficiency cycle power generation device for heating a U-shaped tower tube multiphase flow booster turbine. Background Art

[0002] At present, when the turbine generates electricity, the water in the heating boiler is converted into water vapor, which drives the generator to generate electricity through the turbine. The existing boiler heating heat exchange area is small, and is generally in a laminar state, with low heat exchange and conduction efficiency; the kinetic energy of steam is not fully utilized, and the kinetic energy of water is not fully utilized; the phase change energy of the vaporized gas is not fully utilized, and the water molecules absorb heat to obtain energy to break free from the constraints of the water molecules and change into the gas phase. After the work is done, a large amount of gas phase undergoes a reverse phase change in the cooling tower, and the phase change energy in the gas phase is absorbed by the coolant and changes from the gas phase to the liquid phase, wasting the phase change energy; because the temperature and pressure of the steam change during the work process, its volume flow rate also changes, but the rotation speed of the turbine blades is generally the same, which results in the ratio of the steam flow rate to the rotation speed of each blade being inconsistent, resulting in the utilization rate of the steam energy being inconsistent, and the energy conversion rate cannot reach the optimal state. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a high-efficiency cycle power generation device for a heated U-shaped tower tube multiphase flow booster turbine.

[0004] The invention discloses a heating U-shaped tower tube multiphase flow booster turbine high-efficiency circulation power generation device, which is composed of a cooler, a cooling water tower tube, a liquid supply supercharger, a heating tower tube, a multi-stage multi-stage turbine unit, a generator, a gas-liquid separator and an exhaust converter. The cooler is connected to the cooling water tower tube, the heating tower tube is composed of a chassis and a vertical tower tube, the bottom of the cooling water tower tube is connected to the chassis of the heating tower tube, and a liquid supply supercharger is arranged at the connecting part, a heating coil is arranged in the chassis, a multi-stage multi-stage turbine unit is arranged in the vertical tower tube, the output shaft of the multi-stage multi-stage turbine unit is connected to the generator, the top outlet of the vertical tower tube is connected to the gas-liquid separator, the upper outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the exhaust converter, the outlet of the exhaust converter is connected to the cooling water tower tube, and the lower outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the inlet of the cooler.

[0005] As a further improvement of the present invention, the inlet of the cooler is connected to the lower outlet of the gas-liquid separator, and the outlet is connected to the cooling tower pipe.

[0006] As a further improvement of the present invention, the liquid supply booster can be a turbocharger or a screw pump.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, a graded speed regulator is provided between blades of different stages in the same section of the multi-section multi-stage turbine set, and a segmented speed regulator is provided between different sections.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the heating base plate is a large flat plate.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, an auxiliary heating device is provided at the bottom of the vertical tower tube.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the heating coil is externally connected to a solar power supply device.

[0011] The heating U-shaped tower tube multiphase flow booster turbine high-efficiency cycle power generation device of the present invention has many types of driving energy, large types of driving energy, high conversion efficiency of driving energy to mechanical shaft work, small ineffective energy consumption, and high recycling rate of residual liquid, various residual gases, and various residual energies. The gravity difference driving force on both sides of the vertical U-shaped tower tube is used to circulate power generation; the residual energy (kinetic energy, potential energy, pressure energy, etc.) of the cooled liquid is reused, and the separated free gas containing residual energy (residual pressure, residual temperature) does not need to be cooled and can be recycled; the liquid supply booster prevents the backflow of hot fluid, ensures the supply of cold liquid and the recycling of the residual energy of cold liquid; the heating chassis is a flat large plate with a large area and strong heating, which improves the heat exchange efficiency; the multi-stage turbine unit adjusts the uniform rotation number of mechanical energy to the main output shaft through various speed regulators to achieve the best power generation efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 2 It is the solubility diagram of the residual liquid of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] like Figure 1As shown, the heating U-shaped tower tube multiphase flow booster turbine high-efficiency cycle power generation device of the present invention is composed of a cooler 1, a cooling tower tube 2, a liquid supply supercharger 3, a heating tower tube 4, a multi-stage multi-stage turbine unit 5, a generator 6, a gas-liquid separator 7 and an exhaust converter 8. The cooler 1 is connected to the cooling tower tube 2, and low-temperature water is injected into the cooling tower tube 2. The cooling tower tube 2 is provided with a gas inlet 14, and dissolved gas is injected into the cooling tower tube 2 through the gas inlet 14 to dissolve and form saturated dissolved gas water. The heating tower tube 4 is composed of a bottom plate 9 and a vertical tower tube 10. The heating bottom plate 9 is flat. The large plate increases the heat exchange area and heat exchange efficiency, and provides a sufficiently large space environment to fully utilize low energy density and large capacity clean energy (solar energy, geothermal energy, etc.). An auxiliary heating device is provided at the bottom of the vertical tower tube 10, which can use solar energy or fossil energy for heating. The bottom of the cold water tower tube 2 is connected to the chassis 9 of the heating tower tube 4, and a liquid supply booster 3 is provided at the connection part. The liquid supply booster 3 can be a turbocharger or a screw pump, etc. A heating coil 11 is provided in the chassis 9, and the heating coil 11 is connected to a solar power supply device. A multi-stage multi-stage turbine unit is provided in the vertical tower tube 10. 5. A graded speed governor 12 is arranged between blades of different stages in the same section of the multi-stage multi-stage turbine set 5, and a segmented speed governor 13 is arranged between different sections. The multi-stage multi-stage turbine set 5 is on one side of the heated U-shaped tower tube. Due to the increase in fluid temperature, position, free gas, volume expansion, buoyancy, and flow rate (volume flow), a high mechanical conversion efficiency is ensured. The output shaft of the multi-stage multi-stage turbine set 5 is connected to the generator 6, and the top outlet of the vertical tower tube 10 is connected to the gas-liquid separator 7. The upper outlet of the gas-liquid separator 7 is connected to the exhaust converter 8 and the exhaust converter 9. The outlet of the device 8 is connected to the cooling tower pipe 2, which can not only reduce the pressure at the tail end of the turbine and increase the power generation, but also output the pressurized and heated free gas after the (negative pressure) converter to the gas inlet 14 on the cooling tower pipe 2 and recover it and mix it into the cold water. The gas inlet 14 is also a certain pressure equivalent point on the cooling tower pipe 2 where the free gas containing residual energy (residual pressure, residual temperature, phase change energy, steam partial pressure, free gas free energy) and exhaust pressure energy is recovered, so as to achieve the purpose of recovering dissolved gas and residual energy. The lower outlet of the gas-liquid separator 7 is connected to the inlet of the cooler 1, and the outlet is connected to the cooling tower pipe 2. The coolant flows into the cooling tower pipe 2 from the high cooler 1 after a small cooling and cooling, reaching the highest liquid temperature with a higher solubility, improving the power generation utilization rate of the residual temperature, and the free gas containing residual energy (residual pressure, residual temperature, phase change energy, steam partial pressure, free gas free energy) and exhaust pressure energy is mixed into the unsaturated low-temperature liquid at the gas inlet 14 of the cooling tower pipe 2 and completely dissolved.

[0015] When in use, the U-shape of the U-shaped tower pipe is formed by the cooling tower pipe 2 and the heating tower pipe 4. The difference in fluid density (specific gravity) on both sides of the U-shaped tower pipe is used to generate gravity driving force. The liquid supply booster 3 (turbocharger, screw pump, etc.) is connected to the bottom of the cooling tower pipe 2 and the heating start end of the heating tower pipe 4. The inlet of the liquid supply booster 3 is connected to the cooling tower pipe 2, and the outlet is connected to the heating tower pipe 4. The cold liquid is continuously pushed into the chassis 9 for heating, and the energy (pressure energy, including the gravity energy of the static liquid column), kinetic energy, thermal energy, dissolved gas residual energy, etc. of the cold liquid are transmitted into the chassis 9, blocking the high-energy fluid in the chassis 9 to prevent reverse flow into the cooling tower pipe 2.

[0016] The heating coil 11 is placed at the bottom of the chassis 9 to improve the convective heat transfer efficiency. In the initial stage of heating in the chassis 9 (section A), the dissolved gas begins to overflow, small bubbles appear, and a bubble two-phase flow is formed; in the middle stage of heating (section B), the temperature rises, the dissolved gas overflows more, the bubbles become larger, and a slug-shaped gas-liquid two-phase flow with large slug-shaped bubbles is formed, which is also easy to change from laminar flow to turbulent flow, thereby increasing the heat transfer efficiency of heat conduction; in the late stage of heating (section C), the overflowed free gas increases further and enters the vertical flow stage, that is, enters the vertical tower tube 10. Due to the influence of the viscous boundary layer of the liquid on the tube wall, the bubbles will automatically slide to the center line area with small shear force, and a large number of bubbles will gather to form larger bubbles, which are similar to piston flow. This bubble piston is affected by buoyancy. The upward movement helps to push the liquid upward. Due to the appearance of gas phase space for free gas, according to the gas phase partial pressure law of liquid molecules, the liquid molecules will evaporate into the gas phase until the saturation partial pressure is reached. There are a large number of free gas molecules that are dissolved and then released in the gas phase, as well as evaporated liquid molecules. This vapor partial pressure also increases the volume of the gas phase, increases the buoyancy of the gas phase, increases the volume flow rate, and drives the liquid to rise. If the temperature and pressure reach the boiling point of the liquid, the liquid molecules will undergo a gasification phase change and become vaporized gas. At this time, the vaporized gas molecules not only contain phase change energy, but also increase the mass, volume and pressure of the gas phase on a macroscopic level, making the gas phase rise more buoyant, the flow rate faster, the impact stronger, and the ability to do work greater.

[0017] By utilizing the negative effect of dissolved gas solubility and liquid temperature, that is, the gas solubility decreases with increasing temperature (solid solubility generally increases with increasing temperature, which is considered a positive effect), in the heating tower tube, the dissolved gas becomes free gas, the single-phase liquid flow becomes a gas-liquid two-phase flow, the free gas volume expands, the buoyancy rises and drives the liquid to accelerate, the two-phase flow speed is accelerated, and the turbine power generation is increased. After the bubbles (free gas phase) appear, according to the principles of physical chemistry, the gas phase partial pressure of the liquid phase molecules will appear in the gas phase accordingly, that is, there are at least two or more gas molecules in the gas phase, one is the free gas of the dissolved gas, and the other is the evaporated gas of the liquid. This associated evaporated gas partial pressure is also a new energy to increase the driving force of the liquid, which can improve the efficiency of thermal energy conversion power generation.

[0018] An auxiliary heating reinforcement section can be set in the early stage (section D) of the vertical tower tube 10. Because the energy density of clean and renewable energy is mostly low and cannot reach the high energy density of fossil energy, clean energy usually cannot meet the current process requirements of thermal power generation. When there are multiple energy sources available, such as: solar energy, geothermal energy, nuclear thermal energy, high-energy-density fossil energy (such as oil, natural gas, coal, etc.) or a large amount of industrial waste heat can be recycled, an auxiliary heating reinforcement section can be added to assist in enhancing the heat of the vertical tower tube 10 and improve the power generation capacity.

[0019] Because the volume flow rate of the gas-liquid two-phase flow changes greatly during the rising process, in order to ensure that the ratio of the fluid velocity to the turbine blade speed is near the optimal value, because too large or too small is not conducive to the conversion efficiency of mechanical energy, the theoretical ratio should be 1 / About 0.56, so it is necessary to use a multi-stage multi-stage turbine set 5. In the same section, a graded speed regulator 12 is set between blades of different stages. Even if the blade speeds are different, the speed of the coaxial power transmitted by the blades is the same, which gives full play to the mechanical energy conversion function of each blade. In order to facilitate the processing and manufacturing of equipment and to coordinate and unify the power of the rotating shaft of the turbine set, a segmented speed regulator 13 is set. The multi-stage multi-stage turbine set 5 adjusts the uniform rotation number of mechanical energy to the main output shaft through various speed regulators, and connects the generator 6 to generate electricity.

[0020] After doing work, there is a certain amount of remaining energy (pressure energy, temperature heat energy, velocity kinetic energy, potential energy, phase change energy, free gas energy, steam partial pressure energy, and gasification steam energy if the temperature is high) in the gas-liquid two-phase flow (E section). In order to make full use of all the remaining energy and classify and utilize gaseous and liquid substances, the gas-liquid two-phase flow after the work is completed is separated into single-phase gas and single-phase liquid by using a gas-liquid separator 7. The liquid enters the cooling tower pipe 2 after proper cooling, while the free gas with residual temperature, residual pressure and residual energy does not need to be cooled. Instead, it is reduced by the exhaust converter 8 to reduce the pressure at the end of the multi-stage and multi-stage turbine unit 5, that is, the turbine decompression method and the exhaust decompression method, which are opposite to the working principle of the generator turbocharging, are adopted to increase the pressure difference before and after the turbine, so as to achieve the purpose of increasing the power of the generator. At the same time, the free gas with pressure and temperature after the (negative pressure) converter can be output to a certain isobaric point on the cooling tower pipe 2 for recovery and mixed into the cold water, so as to achieve the purpose of recovering dissolved gas and residual energy.

[0021] The result of the increase or decrease of the total power: the increase in the turbine power generation efficiency minus the power consumption of the exhaust converter 8 should be greater than zero, because the compressibility of the liquid is very small and can be regarded as rigid. When there is no gas pressure, the relative pressure of the terminal liquid can reach zero; because the mass of the gas (part of the liquid) is very small, the energy consumption of the turbine reducer is very small, and the mass of the gas-liquid two-phase fluid flowing through the turbine generator shaft is large, and the power generation capacity is large; the small-power exhaust converter 8 only extracts gas to reduce pressure, and the terminal liquid is depressurized, the driving pressure difference becomes larger, and the power generation capacity is greater.

[0022] Most of the electric energy consumed by the exhaust converter 8 is converted into the kinetic energy and pressure energy of the gas, and the residual energy (pressure energy, thermal energy, phase change energy, steam partial pressure energy, kinetic energy, etc.) contained in the exhaust gas volume is all output from the gas inlet 14 on the cooling tower pipe 2 to the cooling tower pipe 2, so that this part of the residual energy is fully recycled and utilized, thereby improving energy utilization.

[0023] The residual liquid separated by the gas-liquid separator 7 contains a certain amount of residual energy (temperature, pressure, etc.). This residual liquid does not need to be cooled significantly, but only needs to be cooled to the high temperature rapid sensitive starting point Ts (such as Figure 2 ), which is the highest temperature point with the largest solubility. It can not only ensure the maximum solubility of the liquid, but also reduce cooling to ensure the highest residual energy (residual temperature) and the most energy-saving.

Claims

1. Heating U-shaped tower tube multiphase flow booster turbine high efficiency cycle power generation device, characterized in that The invention is composed of a cooler (1), a cooling tower pipe (2), a liquid supply booster (3), a heating tower pipe (4), a multi-stage multi-stage turbine unit (5), a generator (6), a gas-liquid separator (7) and an exhaust converter (8). The cooler (1) is connected to the cooling tower pipe (2). The heating tower pipe (4) is composed of a chassis (9) and a vertical tower pipe (10). The chassis (9) is a large flat plate. The bottom of the cooling tower pipe (2) is connected to the chassis (9) of the heating tower pipe (4). The liquid supply booster (3) is arranged at the connection part. The chassis (9) is provided with a heating coil (11). The vertical tower pipe (10) is provided with a multi-stage multi-stage turbine unit (5). The output shaft of the multi-stage multi-stage turbine unit (5) is connected to the generator (6). The top outlet of the vertical tower pipe (10) is connected to the gas-liquid separator (7). The upper outlet of the gas-liquid separator (7) is connected to the exhaust converter (8). The outlets of the gas-liquid separator (8) and the exhaust converter (8) are connected to the cooling tower pipe (2), the lower outlet of the gas-liquid separator (7) is connected to the inlet of the cooler (1), and the outlet of the cooler (1) is connected to the cooling tower pipe (2); in the initial stage of heating in the chassis (9), the dissolved gas begins to overflow, small bubbles appear, and a bubble two-phase flow is formed; in the middle stage of heating, the temperature rises, the dissolved gas overflows more, the bubbles become larger, and a slug-shaped gas-liquid two-phase flow with large slug-shaped bubbles is formed, and the laminar flow turns into turbulent flow; in the late stage of heating, the overflowed free gas increases further and enters the vertical flow stage, and enters the vertical tower pipe (10). Due to the influence of the viscous boundary layer of the liquid on the pipe wall, the bubbles will automatically slide to the center line area with small shear force, and a large number of bubbles will gather to form larger bubbles, with a shape similar to a piston flow state. This bubble piston floats upward under the action of buoyancy, which helps to push the liquid to flow upward.

2. The U-shaped tower tube multiphase flow booster turbine high-efficiency cycle power generation device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The liquid supply booster (3) is a turbocharger or a screw pump.

3. The U-shaped tower tube multiphase flow booster turbine high efficiency cycle power generation device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that A stepped speed regulator (12) is provided between blades of different stages in the same section of a multi-section multi-stage turbine unit (5), and a segmented speed regulator (13) is provided between different sections.

4. The U-shaped tower tube multiphase flow booster turbine high efficiency cycle power generation device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that An auxiliary heating device is provided at the bottom of the vertical tower tube (10).

5. The U-shaped tower tube multiphase flow booster turbine high efficiency cycle power generation device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The heating coil (11) is externally connected to a solar power supply device.

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