A device for determining the toxicity of fruit fly adult stomach poison and a method for using the device

Abstract

The present invention relates to a toxicity determination device for fruit fly adult stomach poison and a method for using the device. The device comprises a toxicity determination tank and an adult collection bottle; the toxicity determination tank comprises a tank cover and a tank body arranged at the top, a venting mechanism A is arranged in the middle of the tank cover; an insect entry hole and a loading platform are arranged at the bottom of the tank body; the bottle mouth of the adult collection bottle is connected to the toxicity determination tank through the insect entry hole. The present invention has an ingenious structure, is easy to use, has a low cost, can significantly improve labor efficiency, reduce labor intensity, and improve the accuracy of toxicity determination.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of insect toxicity determination device structure and toxicity determination method, and specifically refers to the technical field of stomach poison toxicity determination device and toxicity determination method specially used for adult fruit flies. Background Art

[0002] Tephritidae belongs to the superfamily Tephritidae of the order Diptera of the class Insecta. It is one of the major families of Diptera with important economic significance. Its larvae are all lurking feeders. They parasitize in the fruit and harm all parts of the plant, from roots, stems, leaves, flowers to fruits, causing fruit rot, fruit drop, and even failure to harvest, which poses a serious threat to the yield of fruit trees. There are about 4,200 known fruit fly insects in the world, belonging to 500 genera. Among them, there are 15 genera, 22 subgenera, and more than 150 species of harmful fruit flies. Their host range is wide. There are 24 families and 42 genera in fruit plants alone, and 4 families and 16 genera in vegetable plants. Fruit fly pests refer to some global or regional harmful fruit fly species that harm crops such as fruits, vegetables and flowers, and pose a threat to fruit and vegetable production and international trade. Many countries list seriously harmful fruit fly species as key quarantine targets and implement strict quarantine control on them. At present, chemical pesticides are mainly used in agricultural production to control fruit flies. However, the long-term and large-scale use of chemical pesticides has caused fruit flies to develop a high level of resistance to a variety of pesticides including organophosphates, pyrethroids and antibiotics, and the trend is increasing rapidly. How to use pesticides scientifically and rationally and delay the resistance of fruit flies to chemical pesticides has become an important part of the current chemical control of fruit flies.

[0003] The toxicity determination of insecticides is a quantitative expression of toxicity, that is, the degree of toxicity. The purpose is to know the toxicity of a certain insecticide to a certain pest, or to compare the differences in the toxicity of several insecticides to a certain insect, as a measure of the toxicity of an insecticide to a certain insect. The toxicity determination of insecticides to adult fruit flies is based on the South Asian fruit fly and the melon fruit fly as test objects, and the toxicity of various insecticides to the South Asian fruit fly and the melon fruit fly is evaluated. The determination of the toxicity of insecticides to the South Asian fruit fly and the melon fruit fly is of great significance for the production of actual South Asian fruit fly and melon fruit fly control and physiological impact experiments. Therefore, in the process of studying the behavior, physiological changes and effects of insecticides on the South Asian fruit fly and the melon fruit fly, it is often necessary to first conduct the toxicity determination of insecticides on the South Asian fruit fly and the melon fruit fly. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for determining the toxicity of fruit fly adult stomach poison. The present invention has the advantages of ingenious structure, convenient use, low cost, and can significantly improve labor efficiency, reduce labor intensity, and improve the accuracy of toxicity determination.

[0005] The present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions.

[0006] A toxicity determination device for stomach poison of adult fruit flies, the device of the present invention comprises a toxicity determination tank and an adult collection bottle; the toxicity determination tank comprises a tank cover and a tank body arranged at the top, a ventilation mechanism A is arranged in the middle of the tank cover; an insect entry hole and a loading platform are arranged at the bottom of the tank body; the bottle mouth of the adult collection bottle is connected to the toxicity determination tank through the insect entry hole. Two loading platforms can be arranged in the toxicity determination tank to put food and water; the present invention is composed of two parts, the adult fruit flies to be tested are placed in the adult collection bottle, the toxicity determination tank is provided with a loading platform to hold an adult feed mixture with a liquid medicine and absorbent cotton soaked in water, to provide food and water, the absorbent cotton is used to prevent the adult fruit flies from falling into the water and drowning, so as to ensure the reliability of the experiment; the lid on the top of the toxicity determination tank is to ensure the normal breathing of the adult fruit flies, and to prevent the death of the adult fruit flies in the confined space and cause experimental errors. The bottom end has an insect entry hole to allow the fruit flies in the toxicity determination tank to fly smoothly into the toxicity determination tank. The device structure is that the toxicity determination tank is on the top and the adult collection bottle is on the bottom. Such a design allows the adult fruit flies to smoothly enter the toxicity determination tank by themselves (adult fruit flies have the habit of flying upwards). The toxicity determination tank and the adult collection bottle of the present invention are both made of transparent plastic, which is convenient for observing and determining the mortality rate of insects during the toxicity determination experiment and for counting when collecting insects. The toxicity determination tank and the adult collection bottle of the present invention can be disassembled and convenient to carry. The toxicity of the adult fruit flies indoors or outdoors can be determined, and the cleaning problem after use is also convenient.

[0007] In the determination of pest toxicity, the state of nature is simulated as much as possible in a limited space, which greatly helps the authenticity and scientificity of the results of the later pest toxicity determination. The results of the toxicity determination are used as a basis to provide accurate guarantees for establishing the parameters such as the concentration, quantity, and lethal events of the insecticide. Only with this accurate guarantee can the harm to the environment be minimized in addition to ensuring the effective killing of pests in specific applications. Therefore, the present invention fully considers the fruit flies and ensures smooth air circulation as much as possible in a limited space, greatly reducing the hypoxia effect on pests caused by the relatively closed space.

[0008] In the following, the present invention provides three structures of ventilation mechanism A and two structures of ventilation mechanism B. From simple to complex, the ventilation of the toxicity determination device of the present invention is achieved. The ventilation mechanism A and the ventilation mechanism B are arranged at different positions and can be combined with each other to form different products.

[0009] Furthermore, the structure of the ventilation mechanism A of the present invention is that a large ventilation hole is provided on the can cover, and a ventilation net is provided on the ventilation hole, and the mesh number of the ventilation net is 80 to 100. Since the fruit fly adults are relatively large, if a ventilation net with a mesh number greater than 100 is selected, the fruit fly adults will not be able to breathe and cause death. If the mesh number is smaller, it will cause the fruit flies to escape, causing errors in the experiment.

[0010] The reference design specifications of the device of the present invention are as follows: the dimensions of the toxicity determination tank are as follows: the tank body is 5.5 cm high, the transparent plastic tank is 10 cm in diameter, the top cover has a diameter of 10 cm, the air permeable net has a diameter of 6.5 cm, and the mesh size is 100 mesh; the stage has a diameter of 3.5 cm and a height of 1 cm; the cover has a diameter of 3 cm and a height of 2 cm; the diameter of the mouth of the adult collection bottle is 3.6 cm, and the bottle is 8 cm high.

[0011] Furthermore, the structure of the ventilation mechanism A of the present invention is that M small ventilation holes A are evenly opened on the can cover, and the aperture of the small ventilation holes A is 1 mm to 1.5 mm. The aperture of the small ventilation holes A is smaller than the body diameter of the pest (fruit fly) to be tested, and the pest cannot drill out through the small ventilation holes A.

[0012] Furthermore, the structure of the ventilation mechanism A described in the present invention is that a circular groove is provided on the upper part of the tank cover, a circular rotating disk is embedded in the circular groove, and N pairs of small vents B that cooperate with each other are evenly provided at the bottom of the circular groove and the circular rotating disk; when the circular rotating disk rotates, the small vents B on the circular rotating disk and the small vents B at the bottom of the circular groove are misaligned, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the small vents B and the size of the opening size. Since the aperture of the small vents B can be changed by rotation, the aperture of the small vents B can be set to be greater than or equal to the body diameter of the pest (fruit fly) to be tested. After the pest (fruit fly) to be tested eats the toxic agent, it is in the process of gradually losing vitality and dying, and losing the ability to fly, and the small vents B are all opened, so that the air flow in the toxicity determination tank is almost unobstructed, which is closer to the state of natural air circulation.

[0013] Furthermore, the present invention is provided with a ventilation mechanism B on the side wall of the tank body; the ventilation mechanism B has a structure in which M small ventilation holes A are evenly opened on the side wall of the tank body, and the aperture of the small ventilation holes A is 1 mm to 1.5 mm.

[0014] Furthermore, the present invention is provided with a ventilation mechanism B on the side wall of the tank body; the structure of the ventilation mechanism B is that a ring sleeve slightly higher than the side wall of the tank body is provided at the upper and lower ends of the tank body, namely an upper ring sleeve and a lower ring sleeve; an annular outer wall with a diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the tank body is provided between the upper ring sleeve and the lower ring sleeve; the annular outer wall is connected to the tank body in rotational contact; S pairs of small vents C that cooperate with each other are evenly provided on the annular outer wall and the side wall of the tank body; when the annular outer wall rotates, the small vents C on the annular outer wall and the small vents C on the tank body are misaligned, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the small vents C and the size of the opening size. The ventilation mechanism B of this structure has a newly added annular outer wall component, and the small vents C are opened and closed by rotating the component. The aperture of the small vents C can be set to be greater than or equal to the body diameter of the pest (fruit fly) to be tested, and the usage is the same as the usage of the aforementioned small vents B.

[0015] The invention provides three ways to implement the gold-weighted insect entry at the bottom of the toxicity test tank. The first one is the aforementioned way of only entering the insect hole, inserting the mouth of the adult collection bottle into the insect hole and allowing it to fly in the two spaces of the toxicity test tank and the adult collection bottle. The defects of this way are: 1) when the pests (fruit flies) to be tested are active in the two empty surfaces of the toxicity test tank and the adult collection bottle at the same time, some of them will definitely stay in the side wall of the adult collection bottle, artificially reducing their chances of eating food; 2) after the pests (fruit flies) to be tested have eaten food, they are in a state of poisoning, weakness, and dying, but some fruit flies will continue to move due to their survival instinct, but because they fly or slide into the adult collection bottle when they are active, and have no extra ability to fly to the side of the food, they will die due to hunger, which will affect the final experimental data that the pests (fruit flies) to be tested die completely due to eating toxic food, and have a certain impact on the accuracy of the later experiments.

[0016] Furthermore, the present invention sets the insect entry hole at the bottom of the toxicity test tank as an insect entry mechanism, and the structure is that the insect entry hole is set in the middle of the bottom of the toxicity test tank; a cover is set on the mouth of the adult collection bottle, the diameter of the cover is slightly smaller than the diameter of the insect entry hole, and a plurality of adult drilling holes are opened on the top of the cover. The setting of the cover can reduce the probability of the above-mentioned defects 1 and 2, and to a certain extent, improve the technical solution to a certain level.

[0017] Furthermore, the present invention sets the insect entry hole at the bottom of the toxicity test tank as an insect entry mechanism, and the structure is that the insect entry hole is set at a position near the edge of the bottom of the toxicity test tank; a circular tray is set under the bottom of the toxicity test tank, and the insect entry hole is formed on the bottom of the toxicity test tank and the circular tray at the same time; the inner wall of the circular tray is set on the outer wall of the lower ring sleeve and is rotatably connected with it; when the circular tray rotates, the insect entry hole on the circular tray and the insect entry hole at the bottom of the toxicity test tank are misaligned, so that the insect entry hole is opened and closed. The setting of the circular tray completely eliminates the above-mentioned defects 1 and 2, and completely makes the pests to be tested (fruit flies) move only in the toxicity test tank, and the probability of eating toxic food and the situation after eating are very close to the natural state, so the experimental results measured are also more accurate and scientific.

[0018] The method for determining toxicity using the device of the present invention is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:

[0019] Step 1: prepare a group of 6 toxicity test devices, separate the test tank and the collection bottle; collect the fruit fly adults that have emerged for 2-3 days as the fruit flies to be tested, and the fruit fly adults to be tested need to be starved for 24 hours to increase the feeding rate;

[0020] Step 2: 10 adult fruit flies to be tested are placed in a collection bottle; then the insecticide is prepared into 5 different concentration gradient solutions, and clean water is used for the control test, and the mixture is set aside;

[0021] Step 3, the fruit fly adult feed is mixed with 5 test agents of different concentration gradients, and the blank control is mixed with clean water. 0.3 ml of drug solution or water is added to 3 g of adult feed, and the mixed feed is then transferred to the stage in the toxicity test tank. In each toxicity test tank, another stage is placed with absorbent cotton soaked in water to replenish water; the fruit flies to be tested collected in the adult collection bottle are connected to the toxicity test tank through the insect entrance hole, with the toxicity test tank on top and the adult collection bottle on the bottom, so that the fruit flies fly into the toxicity test tank by themselves according to their habit of flying upwards;

[0022] Step 4: After the fruit flies to be tested have completely flown into the toxicity test tank, the circular tray is rotated to close the insect entry hole;

[0023] Step 5, placing all 6 toxicity test devices in an artificial climate chamber, the conditions of the artificial climate chamber are temperature 24-26°C, humidity 55%-60%, light cycle L:D=14:10, and observing and recording the survival of fruit fly adults after 24 hours;

[0024] Step 6: As the fruit flies to be tested gradually die, the circular turntable is slowly rotated to gradually open the small vent B until it is fully opened; at the same time, the annular outer wall is slowly rotated to gradually open the small vent C until it is fully opened;

[0025] Step seven, SPSS22.0 was used for data processing and analysis to obtain the toxicity regression equation and the median lethal concentration LC50.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the above structure adopted by the device for determining the toxicity of fruit flies adults of the present invention is used for determining the toxicity of various insecticides to fruit flies adults. The experimental device is divided into two parts, which is convenient for experimental operation and increases the accuracy of the experiment; the toxicity determination tank is a wide cylindrical structure, in order to have a wider space for fruit flies to move and hold food and water, so as to prevent death caused by too small space; the air permeable net on the top cover of the toxicity determination tube tank is to keep oxygen entering during the experiment to prevent the death of fruit flies adults caused by lack of oxygen; the adult collection bottle is connected to the toxicity determination tube through a perforated cover to prevent the escape of the insects to be tested when transferring, causing unnecessary workload. The present invention has a simple structure, is convenient and fast to use, has low cost, high flexibility, can significantly improve labor efficiency, reduce labor intensity, and improve the accuracy of toxicity determination. The method of the present invention is innovative, simple to operate, easy to handle, has a relatively short cycle, accurate accuracy and high detection efficiency. The operator can easily master it, especially for the determination of the toxicity of various pesticides to adult fruit flies, and even if the operator does not have relevant professional knowledge, he can learn it in a short time. The determination method of the present invention can be widely promoted in major plant protection stations, and can play a significant guiding role in the development of my country's pesticide industry and the effective control of pesticide quantification.

[0027] The present invention will be further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the general assembly of one structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a tank cover structure of another structure of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the general assembly of another structure of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the structure.

[0032] Figure 5 For Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of one of the insect feeding mechanisms of the structural coordination.

[0033] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the general assembly of another structure of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the structure.

[0035] Figure 8 For Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of another insect feeding mechanism with structural coordination.

[0036] The numbers in the figure are: toxicity test tank (1), adult collection bottle (2), tank cover (3), tank body (4), loading platform (5), large vent (6), air permeable net (7), small vent A (8), circular groove (9), circular turntable (10), small vent B (11), upper ring sleeve (12), lower ring sleeve (13), annular outer wall (14), small vent C (15), insect entry hole (16), cover (17), adult drilling hole (18), circular tray (19). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the method of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0038] A toxicity determination device for stomach poison of adult fruit flies, the device of the present invention comprises a toxicity determination tank 1 and an adult collection bottle 2; the toxicity determination tank 1 comprises a tank cover 3 and a tank body 4 arranged at the top, a ventilation mechanism A is arranged in the middle of the tank cover 3; an insect entry hole 16 and a loading platform 5 are arranged at the bottom of the tank body 4; the bottle mouth of the adult collection bottle 2 is connected to the toxicity determination tank 1 through the insect entry hole 16. Two loading platforms 5 can be arranged in the toxicity determination tank 1 to put food and water; the present invention is composed of two parts, the adult fruit flies to be tested are placed in the adult collection bottle 2, the toxicity determination tank 1 is provided with a loading platform 5 to hold an adult feed mixture with a drug solution and absorbent cotton soaked in water, to provide food and water, the absorbent cotton is used to prevent the adult fruit flies from falling into the water and drowning, so as to ensure the reliability of the experiment; the lid on the top of the toxicity determination tank 1 is to ensure the normal breathing of the adult fruit flies, and to prevent the death of the adult fruit flies in the closed space and cause experimental errors. There is an insect entrance hole 16 at the bottom to allow the fruit flies in the toxicity test tank 1 to fly smoothly into the toxicity test tank 1. The device structure is that the toxicity test tank 1 is on the top and the adult collection bottle 2 is on the bottom. This design allows the adult fruit flies to smoothly enter the toxicity test tank 1 by themselves (the adult fruit flies have the habit of flying upwards). The toxicity test tank 1 and the adult collection bottle 2 of the present invention are both made of transparent plastic, which is convenient for observing and measuring the mortality rate of insects during the toxicity test experiment and for counting when collecting insects. The toxicity test tank 1 and the adult collection bottle 2 described in the present invention can be disassembled and carried conveniently. The toxicity of adult fruit flies indoors or outdoors can be measured, and it is also convenient for cleaning after use. ( Figure 1 )

[0039] In the determination of pest toxicity, the state of nature is simulated as much as possible in a limited space, which greatly helps the authenticity and scientificity of the results of the later pest toxicity determination. The results of the toxicity determination are used as a basis to establish the parameters such as the concentration, quantity, and lethal events of the insecticide to provide accurate guarantees. Only with this accurate guarantee can the harm to the environment be minimized in addition to ensuring the effective killing of pests in specific applications. Therefore, the present invention fully considers the fruit flies and ensures smooth air circulation as much as possible in a limited space, greatly reducing the effect of hypoxia on pests due to the relatively closed space.

[0040] In the following, the present invention provides three structures of the ventilation mechanism A and the ventilation mechanism B. From simple to complex, the ventilation of the toxicity determination device of the present invention is achieved. The ventilation mechanism A and the ventilation mechanism B are arranged at different positions and can be combined with each other to form different products.

[0041] Furthermore, the structure of the ventilation mechanism A of the present invention is that a large ventilation hole 6 is provided on the can cover 3, and a ventilation net 7 is provided on the ventilation hole, and the mesh number of the ventilation net 7 is 80-100 meshes. Since the fruit fly adults are relatively large, if the ventilation net 7 with a mesh number greater than 100 meshes is selected, the fruit fly adults will not be able to breathe and cause death. If the mesh number is smaller, it will cause the fruit flies to escape, causing errors in the experiment. ( Figure 1 )

[0042] The reference design specifications of the device of the present invention are as follows: the dimensions of the toxicity determination tank 1 are as follows: the tank body 4 is a transparent plastic tank with a height of 5.5 cm and a diameter of 10 cm, the top cover has a diameter of 10 cm, the air permeable net 7 has a diameter of 6.5 cm and a mesh size of 100 meshes; the stage 5 has a diameter of 3.5 cm and a height of 1 cm; the cover 17 has a diameter of 3 cm and a height of 2 cm; the adult collection bottle 2 has a bottle mouth diameter of 3.6 cm and a bottle height of 8 cm.

[0043] Furthermore, the structure of the ventilation mechanism A of the present invention is that M small ventilation holes A8 are evenly opened on the can cover 3, and the aperture of the small ventilation hole A8 is 1mm to 1.5mm. The aperture of the small ventilation hole A8 is smaller than the body diameter of the pest (fruit fly) to be tested, and it cannot drill out through the small ventilation hole A8. Figure 2 )

[0044] Furthermore, the structure of the ventilation mechanism A described in the present invention is that a circular groove 9 is provided on the upper part of the tank cover 3, a circular turntable 10 is embedded in the circular groove 9, and N pairs of small vents B 11 that cooperate with each other are evenly provided at the bottom of the circular groove 9 and the circular turntable 10; when the circular turntable 10 rotates, the small vents B 11 on the circular turntable 10 and the small vents B 11 at the bottom of the circular groove 9 are misaligned, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the small vents B 11 and the size of the opening size. Since the aperture of the small vents B 11 can be changed by rotation, the aperture of the small vents B 11 can be set to be greater than or equal to the body diameter of the pest (fruit fly) to be tested. After the pest (fruit fly) to be tested has eaten the toxic agent, it is gradually losing vitality and dying, and loses the ability to fly, and the small vents B 11 are all opened, so that the air flow in the toxicity determination tank 1 is almost unobstructed, which is closer to the state of natural air circulation. ( Figure 3 )

[0045] Furthermore, the present invention is provided with a ventilation mechanism B on the side wall of the tank body 4; the structure of the ventilation mechanism B is that M small ventilation holes A8 are evenly opened on the side wall of the tank body 4, and the aperture of the small ventilation holes A8 is 1mm to 1.5mm. (Not shown in the figure)

[0046] Furthermore, the present invention is provided with a ventilation mechanism B on the side wall of the tank body 4; the structure of the ventilation mechanism B is that ring sleeves slightly higher than the side wall of the tank body 4 are provided at the upper and lower ends of the tank body 4, namely, an upper ring sleeve 12 and a lower ring sleeve 13; an annular outer wall 14 with a diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the tank body 4 is provided between the upper ring sleeve 12 and the lower ring sleeve 13; the annular outer wall 14 is connected to the tank body 4 in rotational contact; S pairs of small ventilation holes C 15 that cooperate with each other in upper and lower directions are uniformly opened on the annular outer wall 14 and the side wall of the tank body 4; when the annular outer wall 14 rotates, the small ventilation holes C 15 on the annular outer wall 14 and the small ventilation holes C 15 on the tank body 4 are misaligned, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the small ventilation holes C 15 and the size of the opening size. The ventilation mechanism B of this structure has a newly added annular outer wall 14, which is rotated to open and close the small ventilation hole C 15. The aperture of the small ventilation hole C 15 can be set to be greater than or equal to the body diameter of the pest (fruit fly) to be tested, and the usage is the same as the aforementioned small ventilation hole B 11. Figure 4 or Figure 7 )

[0047] The invention provides three ways to implement the gold-weighted insect entry at the bottom of the toxicity test tank 1. The first one is the aforementioned way of only having the insect entry hole 16, inserting the bottle mouth of the adult collection bottle 2 into the insect entry hole 16 and allowing it to fly in the two spaces of the toxicity test tank 1 and the adult collection bottle 2. The defects of this way are: 1) when the pests (fruit flies) to be tested are active in the two empty surfaces of the toxicity test tank 1 and the adult collection bottle 2 at the same time, some of them will definitely stay in the side wall of the adult collection bottle 2, artificially reducing their chances of eating food; 2) after the pests (fruit flies) to be tested have eaten food, they are in a state of poisoning weakness and dying, but some fruit flies will continue to move due to their survival instinct, but because they fly or slide into the adult collection bottle 2 when they are active, and have no extra ability to fly to the side of the food, they will die due to hunger, which will affect the final experimental data that the pests (fruit flies) to be tested die completely due to eating toxic food, and have a certain impact on the accuracy of the later experiments.

[0048] Furthermore, the present invention sets the insect entry hole 16 at the bottom of the toxicity test tank 1 as an insect entry mechanism, and the structure is that the insect entry hole 16 is set in the middle of the bottom of the toxicity test tank 1; a cover 17 is set on the mouth of the adult collection bottle 2, and the diameter of the cover 17 is slightly smaller than the diameter of the insect entry hole 16, and a plurality of adult drilling holes 18 are opened on the top of the cover 17. The setting of the cover 17 can reduce the probability of the above-mentioned defects 1 and 2, and to a certain extent, improve the technical solution to a certain level. ( Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 )

[0049] Furthermore, the present invention provides an insect entry hole 16 at the bottom of the toxicity test tank 1 as an insect entry mechanism, and the structure is as follows: the insect entry hole 16 is provided at a position near the edge of the bottom of the toxicity test tank 1; a circular tray 19 is provided under the bottom of the toxicity test tank 1, and the insect entry hole 16 is provided on the bottom of the toxicity test tank 1 and the circular tray 19 at the same time; the inner wall of the circular tray 19 is sleeved on the outer wall of the lower ring sleeve 13 and is rotatably connected thereto; when the circular tray 19 rotates, the insect entry hole 16 on the circular tray 19 and the insect entry hole 16 at the bottom of the toxicity test tank 1 are misaligned, thereby realizing the opening and closing of the insect entry hole 16. The provision of the circular tray 19 completely eliminates the aforementioned defects 1 and 2, and completely makes the pests to be tested (fruit flies) move only in the toxicity test tank 1, and the probability of them eating toxic food and the subsequent situation after eating are simulated very close to the natural state, so the measured experimental results are also more accurate and scientific. ( Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 )

[0050] The method for determining toxicity using the device of the present invention is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:

[0051] Step 1: prepare a group of 6 toxicity test devices, separate the test tank and the collection bottle; collect the fruit fly adults that have emerged for 2-3 days as the fruit flies to be tested, and the fruit fly adults to be tested need to be starved for 24 hours to increase the feeding rate;

[0052] Step 2: 10 adult fruit flies to be tested are placed in a collection bottle; then the insecticide is prepared into 5 different concentration gradient solutions, and clean water is used for the control test, and the mixture is set aside;

[0053] Step 3, mixing the fruit fly adult feed with 5 test agents of different concentration gradients, using clean water as a blank control to mix the adult feed, adding 0.3 ml of the drug solution or water to 3 g of the adult feed, drying it, and then transferring the mixed feed to the stage 5 in the toxicity test tank 1, placing absorbent cotton soaked in water on another stage 5 in each toxicity test tank 1 to replenish water; connecting the fruit flies to be tested collected by the adult collection bottle 2 to the toxicity test tank 1 through the insect entrance hole 16, with the toxicity test tank 1 on top and the adult collection bottle 2 on the bottom, so that the fruit flies fly into the toxicity test tank 1 by themselves according to their habit of flying upwards;

[0054] Step 4: After the fruit flies to be tested have completely flown into the toxicity test tank 1, the circular tray 19 is rotated to close the insect entrance hole 16;

[0055] Step 5, placing all 6 toxicity test devices in an artificial climate chamber, the conditions of the artificial climate chamber are temperature 24-26°C, humidity 55%-60%, light cycle L:D=14:10, and observing and recording the survival of fruit fly adults after 24 hours;

[0056] Step 6: As the fruit flies to be tested gradually die, the circular turntable 10 is slowly rotated to gradually open the small vent B11 until it is fully opened; at the same time, the annular outer wall 14 is slowly rotated to gradually open the small vent C 15 until it is fully opened;

[0057] Step seven, SPSS22.0 was used for data processing and analysis to obtain the toxicity regression equation and the median lethal concentration LC50.

[0058] Specific operation process of the experiment using the structure of the present invention

[0059] (1) Experimental conditions:

[0060] The experiment was conducted in an artificial climate chamber (Shanghai Santeng Instrument, LTC-1000), and the conditions of the artificial climate chamber were set as follows: temperature was 24°C, light cycle L:D = 14:10, and rearing humidity was 60%;

[0061] (2) Insect source:

[0062] The sources of the fruit flies of the South Asian and melon flies for the test were collected from rotten fruits in Mengzi City, Yunnan Province. The rotten fruits were brought back to the laboratory and waited for the fruit flies in the rotten fruits to jump out and pupate on the prepared sand. After the adult flies emerged, they were raised with artificial feed. The laboratory has been raising fruit flies of the South Asian and melon flies for more than 50 generations. Before the experiment, the adults of the fruit flies of the South Asian and melon flies that had emerged for 2 to 3 days were collected for the test. They were starved for 24 hours to increase the feeding rate.

[0063] (3) The insecticide is configured as follows:

[0064] First, the pesticide is weighed and dissolved in clean water to prepare a solution with a relatively high concentration. Then, it is diluted to 5 solutions with equal gradient concentrations and placed in a culture dish.

[0065] (4) placing 10 adults of Bactrocera indica and Bactrocera cucurbita into an adult collection bottle according to each matching device, connecting the bottle to the toxicity test tube through a lid with holes, and allowing the adult fruit flies to fly into the toxicity test tank to feed;

[0066] (5) Place in an artificial climate chamber and observe the survival after 24 hours;

[0067] (6) Morphological characteristics of the South Asian fruit fly:

[0068] The size of adults varies greatly, with males being (6.61±0.42) mm long and females being (8.56±1.16) mm long; wingspan (7.30-8.60) mm; body color ranging from yellowish brown to reddish brown, with an average body length of 6-9 mm; head yellow, with two medium-sized black facial spots; a short red spot on the top of the head; forehead brown, with one pair of bristles on the upper forehead, three pairs of bristles on the lower forehead, or two pairs in the case of adults; mesothorax yellowish brown with sutures, and three medium-yellow stripes on the back, with the yellow stripes on both sides of the sutures symmetrical. The wing is 5.7-8.5 mm long, with a smoky brown front edge; the leg segments are yellow, the front and hind tibiae are brown, and the middle tibiae are light brown; the abdomen is yellow-brown, with brown stripes on the dorsal plate of the 2nd segment, dark brown horizontal stripes on the front edge of the dorsal plate of the 3rd segment, a dark brown spot on the lateral edge of the 4th and 5th segments, and a black middle longitudinal stripe on the dorsal plate of the 35th segment, which is sometimes interrupted by an internode.

[0069] (7) Morphological characteristics of melon fruit fly:

[0070] The body is bee-like, yellowish brown to reddish brown, 7-9mm long, 3-4mm wide, and 7mm long wings. The female is slightly smaller than the male, and the newly emerged adult is lighter in color, less than 50% of the size of the egg-laying adult. There is a yellow spot on each side of the back of the prothorax, a thick yellow vertical stripe on each side of the mesothorax, and three parallel yellow longitudinal stripes on the back; the wings are membranous, transparent, and shiny, with a long stripe on the sub-front vein and the anal region, a round spot on the wing tip, and a narrow front and wide back patch on the mid-diameter transverse vein and the mid-elbow transverse vein.

[0071] (8) Determination of the toxicity of insecticides to Bactrocera indica

[0072] Table 1 Data record of 24h treatment of spinosad on adults of South Asian fruit flies

[0073]

[0074] Spinosad has a significant effect on the treatment of South Asian fruit flies at high concentrations, 3-5mg.L -1 The mortality rate within 24 hours was higher than 50%, and the 24hLC 50 3.064mg.L -1 The control mortality rate was always below 5%, and the results are credible.

[0075] Table 2 Data record of 24h treatment of spinosad on adults of melon fruit fly

[0076]

[0077] Table 2 shows the effect of high concentration stomach poison of polysaccharide on melon fruit flies. 24h LC 50 3.546mg.L -1 , 5-9mg.L -1 The mortality rates were higher than 50%, while the control mortality rate was always lower than 5%, so the results are credible.

[0078] Table 3 The results of the toxicity test of spinosad to Bactrocera indica and Bactrocera cucurbitae

[0079]

[0080] The results in Table 3 show that the stomach poisoning effect of spinosad on Bactrocera indica and Bactrocera cucurbitae adults was better than that on Bactrocera cucurbitae indica, and its LC value was 50 The values ​​were 3.064 and 3.546, and the correlation coefficients were 0.842 and 0.863, respectively. This showed that the theoretical mortality of B. indica and B. melonis were significantly consistent with the actual mortality, and the toxicity regression equations obtained well reflected the indoor toxicity of spinosad to B. indica and B. melonis.

[0081] The above text describes in detail the process and results of the toxicity determination of adults of the South Asian fruit fly and the melon fruit fly. However, the method of the present invention can not only be used to determine the toxicity of adults of the South Asian fruit fly and the melon fruit fly, but also can be used to determine the toxicity of adults of other fruit flies, thereby obtaining the toxicity determination results of adults of different fruit flies under the most efficient conditions; and the toxicity of adults of insects similar to fruit flies can also be determined using this inventive method.

[0082] As an extension, although the name of the present invention is recorded as a toxicity determination device for the stomach poison of adult fruit flies, it is not only used for adult fruit flies. Other insects (pests) with similar characteristics to adult fruit flies are extensions of the technical solution of the present invention as long as they are suitable for the structure or method of the technical solution of the present invention.

[0083] Although the present invention has been described in detail above with general descriptions and specific embodiments, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that some modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the present invention. Therefore, these modifications or improvements made on the basis of a small deviation from the spirit of the present invention, unless they play a significant innovation, should all fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for determining the toxicity of stomach poison of adult fruit flies, characterized in that: The invention comprises a toxicity determination tank (1) and an adult insect collection bottle (2); the toxicity determination tank (1) comprises a tank cover (3) and a tank body (4) arranged at the top, and a ventilation mechanism A is arranged in the middle of the tank cover (3); an insect entry hole (16) and a loading platform (5) are arranged at the bottom of the tank body (4); the bottle mouth of the adult insect collection bottle (2) is connected to the toxicity determination tank (1) through the insect entry hole (16); The structure of the ventilation mechanism A is as follows: a circular groove (9) is provided on the upper part of the can cover (3); a circular rotating disk (10) is embedded in the circular groove (9); N pairs of small ventilation holes B (11) that cooperate with each other are evenly provided on the bottom of the circular groove (9) and the circular rotating disk (10); when the circular rotating disk (10) rotates, the small ventilation holes B (11) on the circular rotating disk (10) and the small ventilation holes B (11) at the bottom of the circular groove (9) are misaligned, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the small ventilation holes B (11) and the size of the opening; A ventilation mechanism B is provided on the side wall of the tank body; the ventilation mechanism B has the following structure: ring sleeves slightly higher than the side wall of the tank body (4), namely an upper ring sleeve (12) and a lower ring sleeve (13) are provided at the upper and lower ends of the tank body (4); an annular outer wall (14) having a diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the tank body (4) is provided between the upper ring sleeve (12) and the lower ring sleeve (13); the annular outer wall (14) is connected to the tank body (4) in a rotationally contacting manner; S pairs of small ventilation holes C (15) that cooperate with each other are uniformly provided on the annular outer wall (14) and the side wall of the tank body (4); when the annular outer wall (14) rotates, the small ventilation holes C (15) on the annular outer wall (14) and the small ventilation holes C (15) on the tank body (4) are misaligned, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the small ventilation holes C (15) and the size of the opening size; Toxicity test jars and adult collection bottles are both made of transparent plastic.

2. The device for determining the toxicity of the stomach poison of fruit flies adults according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insect entry hole (16) at the bottom of the toxicity determination tank (1) is provided as an insect entry mechanism. The structure is as follows: the insect entry hole (16) is provided at the middle of the bottom of the toxicity determination tank (1); a cover (17) is provided on the mouth of the adult insect collection bottle (2); the diameter of the cover (17) is slightly smaller than the diameter of the insect entry hole (16); and a plurality of adult insect drilling holes (18) are provided on the top of the cover (17).

3. The device for determining the toxicity of the stomach poison of fruit flies adults according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insect entry hole (16) at the bottom of the toxicity test tank (1) is provided as an insect entry mechanism, wherein the insect entry hole (16) is provided at a position close to the edge of the bottom of the toxicity test tank (1); a circular tray (19) is provided under the bottom of the toxicity test tank (1), and the insect entry hole (16) is provided on the bottom of the toxicity test tank (1) and the circular tray (19) at the same time; the inner wall of the circular tray (19) is sleeved on the outer wall of the lower ring sleeve (13) and is rotatably connected thereto; when the circular tray (19) rotates, the insect entry hole (16) on the circular tray (19) and the insect entry hole (16) at the bottom of the toxicity test tank (1) are displaced, thereby realizing the opening and closing of the insect entry hole (16).

4. A method for determining toxicity using the device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: prepare a group of 6 toxicity test devices, separate the test tank and the collection bottle; collect the fruit fly adults that have emerged for 2-3 days as the fruit flies to be tested, and the fruit fly adults to be tested need to be starved for 24 hours to increase the feeding rate; Step 2: 10 adult fruit flies to be tested are placed in a collection bottle; then the insecticide is prepared into 5 different concentration gradient solutions, and clean water is used for the control test, and the mixture is set aside; Step 3, mixing the fruit fly adult feed with 5 test agents of different concentration gradients, using clean water as a blank control and mixing the adult feed, adding 0.3 ml of the drug solution or water to 3 g of the adult feed, drying, and then transferring the mixed feed to the stage (5) in the toxicity test tank (1), placing a cotton ball soaked in water in another stage (5) in each toxicity test tank (1) to replenish water; connecting the fruit flies to be tested collected by the adult collection bottle (2) to the toxicity test tank (1) through the insect entrance hole (16), with the toxicity test tank (1) on top and the adult collection bottle (2) on the bottom, so that the fruit flies fly into the toxicity test tank (1) by themselves according to their habit of flying upwards; Step 4: After the fruit flies to be tested have completely flown into the toxicity test tank (1), the circular tray (19) is rotated to close the insect entry hole (16); Step 5: Place all 6 toxicity test devices in an artificial climate chamber with a temperature of 24-26°C, a humidity of 55%-60%, and a light cycle of L:D=14:

10. Observe and record the survival of adult fruit flies after 24 hours. Step 6: As the fruit flies to be tested gradually die, the circular turntable (10) is slowly rotated to gradually open the small vent hole B (11) until it is completely opened; at the same time, the annular outer wall (14) is slowly rotated to gradually open the small vent hole C (15) until it is completely opened; Step seven, SPSS22.0 was used for data processing and analysis to obtain the toxicity regression equation and the median lethal concentration LC50.

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