Aerobic method and apparatus for treating materials containing organic substances
Through conversion equipment and film covering technology, the problem of odor emission during the conversion of organic matter-containing materials is solved, efficient odor control and material homogenization are achieved, and environmental pollution is reduced.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN201780082902.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2017-09-01
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-25
- Estimated Expiration
- 2037-09-01
AI Technical Summary
When processing organic-containing materials, the odor emissions are severe during the conversion process, which affects the surrounding environment and lasts for a long time.
Using conversion equipment, the conversion roller and film receiving device are used to cover organic matter materials, and the aerobic treatment is performed by actively conveying air, and the air transport is interrupted or reduced during the conversion process, and the film receiving and placement device is used to reduce odor emissions.
Significantly reduce odor emissions during the conversion process, shorten treatment time, improve material homogenization efficiency, and reduce environmental pollution.
Smart Images
Figure CN110167903B_ABST
Abstract
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates to an aerobic method for treating materials containing organic substances and a corresponding device. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] In a method of this type, a material containing organic substances is usually placed in a treatment row (usually using a wheel loader) and is dried or composted there under air conveyance. A material containing organic substances is understood to be a material that has at least organic material, but may also contain non-organic material. In such a process, it is necessary to occasionally reorganize or transform the material in order to achieve material mixing, break up lumps, and generally homogenize the material. In this process, the material is exposed, i.e., air exchange can occur over the entire length of the treatment row. Here, a non-negligible odor impact is generated, which is felt as uncomfortable and disturbing for the immediate surroundings of such a treatment device. Since such a transformation process is usually carried out with a wheel loader and the corresponding treatment row usually has a certain length (tens of meters), the transformation process from one treatment row to another usually takes several hours. During this time, the material containing organic substances is exposed, i.e., during this time, the continuous exchange of odor with the ambient air is not prevented (and thus a strong odor load is not prevented). SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0003] It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a method and a device of the type mentioned at the beginning, in which the odor load, i.e., the emission of odors from the process or due to material transformation, is significantly reduced.
[0004] An aerobic method for treating materials containing organic substances according to the present invention has, for example, the following steps:
[0005] Feeding a material containing organic substances to be treated into a treatment row;
[0006] Covering the material containing organic substances to be treated with a first film that is permeable to moisture and / or air but at least reduces odor emissions;
[0007] Aerobically treating the material containing organic substances by actively conveying air into the material containing organic substances and flowing the conveyed air through the material containing organic substances;
[0008] Transforming the material containing organic substances with a transformation device, wherein the material containing organic substances is homogenized and / or mixed, and wherein, if necessary, the active conveyance of air into the material containing organic substances is interrupted and / or reduced during the transformation process.
[0009] Continuing to convey air according to step c.
[0010] Here, a conversion device is used for conversion, and the conversion device moves along the longitudinal extension direction of the processing line. During this process, the conversion device converts the material containing organic matter by means of conversion rollers. The conversion device has a film receiving device that receives a first film covering the material containing organic matter during conversion. In addition, the conversion device has a film placing device that places a second film permeable to moisture and / or air but at least reducing odor emissions on the converted material containing organic matter.
[0011] The core idea of the present invention is that instead of a wheel loader, a converter with conversion rollers is used. The converter can not only convert the entire material of the processing line relative to the wheel loader in a relatively short time, but is also equipped with a film receiving device and a film placing device. In this way, that is, the material containing organic matter to be processed can also be covered odor-proofly to the outside during the conversion process, thereby also reducing or preventing odor emissions during the conversion process. During the process, a film already on the material containing organic matter is lifted by the film receiving device, but the corresponding other film is immediately placed on the material containing organic matter by means of the film placing device. In this way, the conversion process largely occurs in the case of a film reducing odor emissions, so that the release of high odor emissions is restricted to a narrow area behind the converter.
[0012] According to a preferred embodiment, it is stipulated that the first film is wound during conversion by a film receiving device provided on the front side of the conversion device along the movement direction. By winding, the film can be lifted from the material containing organic matter particularly simply when the conversion device is fed.
[0013] Correspondingly, according to another embodiment of the present invention, it can be alternatively or additionally stipulated that the second film is unwound during conversion by a film placing device provided on the rear side of the conversion device along the movement direction. In this way, it is equally simple to place the corresponding other film of the same or different structure on the material containing organic matter again while the conversion process is proceeding, as when receiving the film.
[0014] The method according to the present invention is preferably a method in which the material containing organic matter is subjected to aerobic drying and / or composting, disinfection and / or aeration and / or microbial transformation and / or reduction of substances, especially harmful substances.
[0015] According to another variant of the method according to the invention, it can be provided that the conversion of the organic matter-containing material is carried out by means of the conversion device during step b. In this way, the organic matter-containing material, which is usually present very unevenly in extreme cases when feeding the treatment line, has been homogenized by conversion once before the start of the treatment process. This can generally optimize or accelerate the treatment process.
[0016] As other variant embodiments, it can be alternatively or additionally provided here that after the end of the aerobic treatment process, further conversion of the organic matter-containing material is carried out by means of the conversion device. Here, the film receiving device receives the film on the organic matter-containing material. In this way, the processed material is homogenized again and prepared for removal, and at the same time the covering (film) is removed, so that the removal of the material can be carried out immediately.
[0017] The invention also relates to a device (as explained at the beginning of the text) for carrying out the above method.
[0018] For this purpose, the device has the following:
[0019] At least one conversion device, which includes a conversion roller, a film receiving device on a first side of the conversion device, and a film placing device on a second side of the conversion device opposite to the first side. The film placing device has a second film and / or a first film that is permeable to moisture and / or air but at least reduces odor emissions. Compared with a wheel loader, the conversion device has the advantage that the conversion roller guided along the main longitudinal extension direction of the treatment line in the movement direction of the converter inside the treatment line can be structured in such a way that the conversion roller throws the material at the edge towards the center, so that good mixing of the organic matter-containing material has already occurred during the conversion process.
[0020] Preferably, it is provided here that the device according to the invention includes at least one treatment line, which has a placement bottom for placing the organic matter-containing material, and the treatment line further includes a ventilation device preferably provided in the placement bottom, which can ventilate the organic matter-containing material placed on the placement bottom. With the device, it is also possible to carry out aerobic treatment of the organic matter-containing material, and the ventilation device can flow air through the organic matter-containing material from below. In addition, the ventilation device can be constructed in such a way that it can detect and discharge the liquid formed or precipitated in the treatment line.
[0021] Advantageously provided is that: the treatment line has at least two side walls spaced apart and extending along the main longitudinal extension direction of the treatment line. On the one hand, the side walls have the advantage that the material containing organic matter is reliably held inside the treatment line during the conversion process. On the other hand, a film can be placed on the side walls and fixed to the side walls if necessary, which causes much better sealing of the entire device to the outside. Therefore, in particular, materials that cannot be stacked can also be processed. The device according to the invention can of course have a plurality of treatment lines, and the treatment lines themselves can also have corresponding side walls.
[0022] Preferably, in any case, it can be provided in the treatment line including the side walls that: the conversion rollers of the conversion device extend between the side walls over the entire width of the treatment line. Therefore, the conversion rollers can convert the entire internal space of the treatment line without being affected by the traveling mechanism or the like. Preferably, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, it is provided that: the conversion device has a traveling mechanism, and the traveling mechanism can move the conversion device in a direction parallel to the side walls and the traveling mechanism is arranged on the corresponding outer sides of the side walls, in particular adjacent to the outer sides. Here, the traveling mechanism is not connected to the outer sides of the side walls and is only supported by the bottom.
[0023] For conversion, it is usually provided that: the conversion device is guided through the treatment line in the movement direction or the working direction. However, the conversion device can also be constructed such that it can be guided through the treatment line bidirectionally without the device having to turn 180°. This has the advantage on the one hand that the conversion device has two working directions and does not have to turn in a costly manner. On the other hand, in a device having a plurality of treatment lines, the conversion device can be removed from the treatment line after the conversion has been carried out and then moved into the next adjacent treatment line, where the conversion is then carried out in the corresponding opposite direction.
[0024] Therefore, according to a particular embodiment of the device according to the invention, it is provided that: the device has two conversion rollers arranged successively in the movement direction, and the two conversion rollers have opposite rotation directions. The two conversion rollers can be lowered and raised. This can be done, for example, by the fact that the two conversion rollers are supported on a connecting rod, and the connecting rod can be manipulated via a rotary drive device. Other possibilities are that the holding device of the conversion roller can be moved relative to the conversion device in the vertical direction via a corresponding linear drive device.
[0025] For bidirectional operation, in particular, it can also be provided that: the conversion device has a cab that can be rotated by approximately 180°. Alternatively, it is also possible to arrange the seat direction of the driver of the cab at an angle of approximately 90° to the movement direction of the converter. The driver's seat can then, if necessary, be rotated within a certain angular range inside the cab so that the seat can be oriented in the current movement direction.
[0026] The device according to the invention can be constructed in such a way that it can move or operate in two working directions. Herein, the traveling mechanism can in particular be constructed in such a way that it can be driven in two opposite directions. In addition, the conversion roller can be constructed in such a way that it acts in two rotational directions, in such a manner that the blades located on the conversion roller are, for example, displaceable, for example rotatable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0027] The invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the embodiments shown in Figures 1 to 9 .
[0028] Figure 1 A perspective view showing a possible device according to the invention;
[0029] Figure 2 A perspective view showing the device according to the invention is also shown;
[0030] Figure 3 A perspective view showing a part of the device according to the invention in the processing line area;
[0031] Figure 4 Shown in Figure 3 is a side view of the processing line shown;
[0032] Figure 5 Shown in Figure 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the processing line shown;
[0033] Figure 6 Shows a cross-sectional view of the processing line shown in Figure 3 in the conversion roller area according to a first embodiment of the invention;
[0034] Figure 7 Shows a cross-sectional view of the processing line shown in Figure 3 in the conversion roller area according to a second embodiment of the invention;
[0035] Figure 8 Shows a side view of the converter according to the invention in the film exchange position;
[0036] Figure 9 Shown in Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the processing line shown, where the converter has two conversion rollers in another embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0037] The best mode for carrying out the invention
[0038] In Figure 1, a device according to the invention is shown. The device can be part of a treatment device. In this case, a plurality of adjacent treatment rows 1 are provided. Each of the treatment rows can have side walls 1b and 1c extending in its main longitudinal extension direction. In addition, for the aerobic treatment of the organic material 4, the treatment row 1 has a corresponding bottom 1a, which can be supplied with air via a pipe, which then flows into the organic material 4 or through the organic material through openings in the bottom 1a, and through which liquid can be received and discharged. The three treatment rows 1 shown in one case show organic material covered with a film 3 (leftmost row 1). In the middle treatment row 1 is a conversion device 2 according to the invention, which can be moved in a movement direction S along the longitudinal extension direction of the treatment row 1, wherein the conversion device raises a film 3 (permeable to moisture and / or air but at least reducing odor emission) during conversion by means of a film receiving device 22 and places another film 3 of the same or different construction on the organic material by means of a film placing device 23 located behind in the movement direction. In the rightmost processing row 1, the organic-containing material 4 is stacked in a pile which is in the process of being emptied or also in the process of being fed. Figure 2 In the figure, a wheel loader 7 is indicated which stacks the fresh material 4 or also removes aerobically treated material (for example dried material or composted material) from the treatment row 1 .
[0039] Now with the help of Figures 3 to 5 The conversion process according to the invention is explained in some detail. Y denotes the transverse direction of the processing row 1. Z denotes the vertical direction perpendicular to the bottom 1a and X denotes the main longitudinal extension direction of the processing row 1. Figure 3 As can be seen in the figure, the conversion device 2 has a winding shaft 22 on the front side in the direction of movement S (the movement here takes place in the working direction parallel to the main longitudinal extension direction X of the process line 1), which winding shaft acts as a film receiving device in that the film 3 is wound around the winding shaft 22 and is received by the organic material underneath it during the feeding of the conversion device 2 in the direction of movement S. A further winding shaft 23 is located on the rear side of the conversion device 2 in the direction of movement S, which further winding shaft acts as a film depositing device in that the film 3 is unwound from the winding shaft 23 and deposited on the organic material during the conversion process, i.e. during the movement of the conversion device 2 in the direction of movement S. Thus, when the conversion device moves through the process line 1, the largest part of the organic material remains under the film 3 or is covered by it during the entire conversion process.
[0040] In particular, Figure 5As can be seen, only a small area 9 behind the conversion device 2 or behind the conversion roller along the movement direction S remains uncovered. Thus, the exposed surface of the material 4 containing organic matter is significantly reduced compared to the conventional technique using a wheel loader, and thus the odor emission also decreases to a corresponding extent. In the conventional technique, most of the surface of the material containing organic matter is exposed during conversion.
[0041] In this way, the odor emission into the environment during conversion is largely reduced or minimized. In the illustrated example, the cab 6 of the conversion device 2 can be arranged at an angle of 90° to the movement direction S. In this way, the driver can overlook the work area not only along the movement direction but also against the movement direction. In the two-way drive mode of the conversion device 2, it is also possible to look in both directions in this way. Alternatively, of course, it is also possible to design the cab to be rotatable, especially by approximately 180°.
[0042] The conversion roller 21 can be mounted on the conversion device 2 in different ways and methods, as shown in the Figure 6 and Figure 7 two cross-sectional views. In Figure 6 , the conversion roller 21 is located between the side walls 1b and 1c of the treatment row 1. Here, the conversion roller 21 extends over the entire inner area of the treatment row. The bottom 1a of the treatment row has a ventilation pipe 8 with small nozzle openings that point in the direction of the inner space of the treatment row, and the air flowing through the pipe 8 can be blown through the nozzle openings into the material containing organic matter placed on the bottom 1a (not shown here) and flow through the material containing organic matter and can be received and discharged by liquid. In the Figure 6 illustrated example, the conversion roller 21 is supported on its end sides on a bracket 10 that is connected to the frame of the conversion device 2. The traveling mechanism 5 of the conversion device 2 is adjacent to the respective outer sides of the side walls 1b and 1c and is supported by the bottom 1a, so that the conversion device 2 can drive through the entire treatment row without the traveling mechanism having to be guided through the treatment row.
[0043] In Figure 7 the alternative shown, the bracket 10 of the conversion roller 21 is not arranged on its end sides but further towards the center of the treatment row or towards the center of the conversion device 2.
[0044] After the conversion process, the film 3 is unwound by a film unwinding device, namely the associated winding shaft 23. Thus, the winding shaft 23 is then empty, so that the winding shaft must be re-equipped for the next conversion process. Therefore, it can be done in the simplest way and method as in Figure 8As shown, a conversion device 2 is provided, and the corresponding winding shafts can be exchanged. For this purpose, the winding shafts 22, 23 can be moved from the working position into the exchange position. In the example shown, the winding shafts 22, 23 are mounted on the corresponding lever arms 22a or 23a, and the lever arms can be lowered from the use position into the exchange position via a mechanism (not shown). In Figure 8 the position shown, the winding shaft 22 has the film wound thereon after the conversion process, while the winding shaft 23, on the contrary, does not have the film. By lowering, the winding shaft 22 can now be mounted on the arm 23a and the winding shaft 23 is correspondingly mounted on the arm 22a. Thus, the film is "exchanged" in this way.
[0045] The described mode of operation applies to a conversion device 2 that can only operate in one working direction. In an alternative embodiment according to Figure 9 is shown a two-way conversion device. Different from the conversion device 2 explained so far, this two-way conversion device has two conversion rollers 21a and 21b.
[0046] When converting in the direction S, the conversion roller 21a is used, and the conversion roller 21b is lifted a little for this purpose so that it does not contact the bottom 1a of the processing line 1. If the conversion process in the direction S is completed, other processes in the opposite direction can be carried out by lowering the conversion roller 21b and raising the conversion roller 21a. In this way, the exchange of the winding shafts (cf. Figure 8 ) is no longer necessary. The upward and downward movement of the conversion rollers 21a and 21b can be solved structurally in different ways and methods. Each roller can be supported on its own linearly vertically adjustable suspension. Alternatively, for example, there is the possibility that the two conversion rollers 21a and 21b are supported on a connecting rod, and the rotation of the connecting rod about a pivot axis extending perpendicular to the plane of the figure causes one conversion roller to lift and the other conversion roller to lower.
Claims
1. An aerobic method for treating materials containing organic substances, wherein, Perform the following steps: a. Supply the treatment line (1) with the organic material to be treated; b. Cover the organic material to be treated with a first film that is permeable to moisture and / or air but at least reduces odor emissions; c. Aerobically treat the organic material by actively supplying air to the organic material and flowing the supplied air through the organic material; d. Convert the organic material by means of the conversion device (2), homogenize and / or mix the organic material; e. Continue to supply air according to step c, characterized in that a conversion device (2) is used for conversion, the conversion device moves along the longitudinal extension direction (X) of the treatment line (1) and the organic material is converted by means of conversion rollers (21) mounted on the conversion device (2), the conversion device (2) has a film receiving device (22), the film receiving device receives the first film covering the organic material during conversion, and the conversion device (2) has a film placing device (23), the film placing device places a second film that is permeable to moisture and / or air but at least reduces odor emissions on the converted organic material.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that during step d, the active supply of air to the organic material is interrupted and / or reduced during the conversion process.
3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the first film is wound during conversion by means of the film receiving device (22) provided on the side of the conversion device (2) that is in front along the movement direction (S).
4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the second film is unwound during conversion by means of the film placing device (23) provided on the side of the conversion device (2) that is behind along the movement direction (S).
5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the method relates to a method in which the organic material is aerobically dried and / or composted, disinfected and / or oxygenated and / or microbially transformed and / or the substances are reduced.
6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the substances are harmful substances.
7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that during step b, the conversion of the organic material is carried out by means of the conversion device (2).
8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that after the aerobic treatment process is completed, other conversions of the organic material are carried out by means of the conversion device (2), wherein the film receiving device (22) receives the film on the organic material.
9. An apparatus for processing materials containing organic substances, the apparatus being adapted to carry out the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the apparatus having at least one conversion device (2), the conversion device including a conversion roller (21) and a film receiving device (22) on a first side of the conversion device (2) and a film placing device (23) on a second side of the conversion device (2) opposite to the first side, the film placing device having a second film and / or a first film that is permeable to moisture and / or air but at least reduces odor emissions.
10. The apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that the apparatus includes at least one processing line (1), the processing line having a placement bottom (1a) for placing materials containing organic substances, and the processing line (1) further includes a ventilation device (8) that can ventilate the materials containing organic substances placed on the placement bottom (1a).
11. The apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that the ventilation device (8) is provided in the placement bottom (1a).
12. The apparatus according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the processing line (1) has at least two side walls (1b, 1c) spaced apart and extending along the main longitudinal extension direction (X) of the processing line (1).
13. The apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that the conversion roller (21) of the conversion device (2) is provided between the side walls (1b, 1c).
14. The apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that the conversion device (2) has a traveling mechanism (5) that can move the conversion device (2) in a movement direction (S) parallel to the side walls (1b, 1c), and the traveling mechanism is provided in the region of the respective outer sides of the side walls (1b, 1c).
15. The apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that the traveling mechanism (5) is provided adjacent to the outer sides in the region of the respective outer sides of the side walls (1b, 1c).
16. The apparatus according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the apparatus has two conversion rollers (21a, 21b) arranged successively in the movement direction (S), and the two conversion rollers (21a, 21b) can be lowered and raised.
17. The apparatus according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the conversion device has a rotatable cab.
18. The apparatus according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the apparatus can move or operate in two working directions.
Citation Information
Patent Citations
method FOR TREATING WASTE
AT517132A1
Compost heat recovery system and method
CA2593270A1
Active sludge solar energy desiccation apparatus
CN101177332A
Systems and Methods for Generating Compost
US20080064087A1
Channel cover
US5204263A