Oil and pressure relief structure, scroll compressor and air conditioner

Abstract

The present invention provides an oil leakage and pressure relief structure, a scroll compressor and an air conditioner, which relate to the technical field of compressors and solve the technical problems of oil accumulation and excessive pressure in the back pressure chamber of the existing scroll compressor. The oil leakage and pressure relief structure includes a bracket and a wear-resistant plate, and an oil leakage and pressure relief hole is opened on the wear-resistant plate. An oil return channel is formed between the bracket and the wear-resistant plate. The oil return channel can connect the high-pressure chamber and the back pressure chamber of the scroll compressor, and the oil leakage and pressure relief hole is connected to the back pressure chamber; the oil leakage and pressure relief hole is intermittently connected to the low-pressure chamber of the scroll compressor to discharge the excess oil and / or refrigerant in the back pressure chamber to the low pressure chamber. During the operation of the moving disk, the oil leakage and pressure relief hole is intermittently connected to the low-pressure chamber of the scroll compressor to discharge the excess oil and / or refrigerant in the back pressure chamber to the low pressure chamber, so that the back pressure chamber can be timely drained and pressure-relieved during the operation of the compressor, so that the oil content in the back pressure chamber and the pressure of the back pressure chamber are maintained within a certain range, ensuring the effect of the back pressure chamber balancing the axial force of the moving disk.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of compressors, and in particular to an oil leakage and pressure relief structure, a scroll compressor and an air conditioner. Background Art

[0002] Scroll compressors have the characteristics of small size, light weight, smooth operation and high efficiency. They are increasingly used in the refrigeration industry, especially in lightweight new energy vehicle air conditioners. When the scroll compressor is running, the compressed gas acts on the moving disk, and the moving disk is subjected to axial force and overturning moment. The effect of the force causes the moving disk to separate from the static disk and the end face of the moving disk to tilt, causing large gas leakage and friction and wear between the vortex walls of the dynamic and static disks, and to a certain extent causing vibration of the moving disk and increased noise. In order to solve the above problems, it is a simple and effective method to set an intermediate pressure back pressure cavity on the back of the moving disk to balance the axial force of the moving disk and reduce the overturning moment.

[0003] Usually, the pressure in the back pressure chamber needs to be set within a certain range, and cannot be too large or too small. If the pressure in the back pressure chamber is too small, it will not balance the axial force of the moving plate; if the pressure in the back pressure chamber is too large, it will increase the friction loss between the moving and static plates and increase the power loss of the compressor.

[0004] The applicant has found that the prior art has at least the following technical problems:

[0005] At present, the back pressure hole channel of the back pressure chamber of most scroll compressors on the market is shared with the oil return hole channel of the stator plate, so a large amount of lubricating oil will accumulate in the back pressure chamber, and because the oil return channel of the stator plate is connected to the high pressure chamber, although the pressure is relieved through the capillary of the oil return channel, the pressure in the back pressure chamber is still very high. Excessive accumulation of lubricating oil will increase the power consumption of the compressor, and the lubricating oil in the back pressure chamber cannot be discharged in time, which will cause the oil return hole of the stator plate to be blocked. The lubricating oil is discharged into the air conditioning system along with the refrigerant, which also has a certain impact on the system.

[0006] In addition, at present, the scroll compressor pump bodies on the market mostly use the side suction type when sucking in the refrigerant, that is, holes are opened on the side wall of the stator. As the structure of the scroll compressor becomes more and more compact, the side suction type will cause the suction resistance to be too large, thereby increasing power consumption. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an oil leakage and pressure relief structure, a scroll compressor and an air conditioner to solve the technical problems of oil accumulation and excessive pressure in the back pressure chamber of the scroll compressor in the prior art. The preferred technical solutions among the many technical solutions provided by the present invention can produce many technical effects as described below.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] The present invention provides an oil leakage and pressure relief structure of a scroll compressor, comprising a bracket and a wear-resistant plate, wherein an oil leakage and pressure relief hole is provided on the wear-resistant plate, and an oil return channel is formed between the bracket and the wear-resistant plate, wherein the oil return channel can connect the high-pressure chamber and the back-pressure chamber of the scroll compressor, and the oil leakage and pressure relief hole is connected to the back-pressure chamber; the oil leakage and pressure relief hole is intermittently connected to the low-pressure chamber of the scroll compressor to discharge excess oil and / or refrigerant in the back-pressure chamber to the low-pressure chamber.

[0010] Optionally, the oil return channel includes an oil return groove opened on the wear-resistant plate and a connecting channel opened on the bracket, the inlet end of the oil return groove is connected to the high-pressure chamber, the outlet end of the oil return groove is connected to the back pressure chamber through the connecting channel, and the back pressure chamber is connected to the oil drain and pressure relief hole.

[0011] Optionally, the oil return groove includes a first oil return groove, an oil return pressure relief groove and a second oil return groove, the first oil return groove is connected to the second oil return groove through the oil return pressure relief groove, the first oil return groove is connected to the high-pressure chamber, and the second oil return groove is connected to the connecting channel.

[0012] Optionally, the connecting channel includes a radial channel and an annular channel connected to the radial channel, the oil return groove is connected to the radial channel, and the oil drain and pressure relief hole is connected to the radial channel or the annular channel.

[0013] Optionally, a plurality of first air suction channels are provided on the bracket, and the first air suction channels are connected to the end surface of the stator disk of the scroll compressor to form a direct suction type air suction structure.

[0014] Optionally, a plurality of second air intake channels corresponding to the first air intake channels are provided on the wear-resistant plate.

[0015] Optionally, a plurality of the first air suction channels are distributed circumferentially at an outer edge of the bracket, and a plurality of the second air suction channels are distributed circumferentially at an outer edge of the wear-resistant plate.

[0016] The present invention provides a scroll compressor, comprising a stationary plate, a movable plate and any one of the above-mentioned oil and pressure relief structures.

[0017] Optionally, the oil and pressure relief holes are located within the operating envelope of the contact portion between the moving disc and the wear-resistant plate.

[0018] The present invention provides an air conditioner, comprising any one of the scroll compressors described above.

[0019] The present invention provides an oil leakage and pressure relief structure, a scroll compressor and an air conditioner, wherein an oil leakage and pressure relief hole is opened on the wear-resistant plate, and the oil leakage and pressure relief hole is connected to the back pressure chamber; during the operation of the moving plate, the oil leakage and pressure relief hole is intermittently connected to the low-pressure chamber of the scroll compressor to discharge excess oil and / or refrigerant in the back pressure chamber to the low pressure chamber, so that the back pressure chamber can be drained and pressure released in time during the operation of the compressor, so that the oil content in the back pressure chamber and the pressure of the back pressure chamber are maintained within a certain range, thereby ensuring the effect of the back pressure chamber balancing the axial force of the moving plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an oil-draining and pressure-relieving structure provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The oil leakage and pressure relief flow path of the central oil leakage and pressure relief structure. The arrows in the figure indicate the flow direction of the oil and refrigerant.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a bracket provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a wear-resistant sheet provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a scroll compressor provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] In the figure, 1, front cover; 2, static plate; 201, oil return hole; 202, capillary oil return hole; 3, moving plate; 4, wear-resistant plate; 401, second air intake channel; 402, first oil return groove; 403, oil return pressure relief groove; 404, second oil return groove; 405, oil pressure relief hole; 5, bracket; 501, first air intake channel; 502, radial channel; 503, annular channel; 6, bracket bearing; 7, retaining spring; 8, shaft seal; 9, housing; 10, crankshaft; 11, low-pressure chamber; 12, back-pressure chamber; 13, eccentric sleeve; 14, moving plate bearing; 15, oil filter; 16, high-pressure chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other implementation methods obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, the present invention provides an oil leakage and pressure relief structure of a scroll compressor, including a bracket 5 and a wear-resistant plate 4, an oil leakage and pressure relief hole 405 is opened on the wear-resistant plate 4, an oil return channel is formed between the bracket 5 and the wear-resistant plate 4, the oil leakage and pressure relief hole 405 is connected to the oil return channel, and the oil return channel can connect the high-pressure chamber 16 and the back-pressure chamber 12 of the scroll compressor; the oil leakage and pressure relief hole 405 is intermittently connected to the low-pressure chamber 11 of the scroll compressor, so as to connect the back-pressure chamber 12 and the low-pressure chamber 11, so as to discharge excess oil and / or refrigerant in the back-pressure chamber 12 to the low-pressure chamber 11.

[0029] An oil drain and pressure relief hole 405 is provided on the wear-resistant plate 4, and the oil drain and pressure relief hole 405 is connected to the back pressure chamber 12; during the operation of the moving plate 3, the oil drain and pressure relief hole 405 is intermittently connected to the low pressure chamber 11 of the scroll compressor to discharge excess oil and / or refrigerant in the back pressure chamber 12 to the low pressure chamber 11, so that the back pressure chamber 12 can be drained and pressure-relieved in time during the operation of the compressor, so that the oil content in the back pressure chamber 12 and the pressure of the back pressure chamber 12 are maintained within a certain range, thereby ensuring the effect of the back pressure chamber 12 balancing the axial force of the moving plate 3.

[0030] As an optional implementation, the oil return channel includes an oil return groove opened on the wear-resistant plate 4 and a connecting channel opened on the bracket 5, the inlet end of the oil return groove is connected to the high-pressure chamber 16, and the outlet end of the oil return groove is connected to the back pressure chamber 12 through the connecting channel, and the back pressure chamber 12 is connected to the oil drain and pressure relief hole 405.

[0031] The oil return channel includes an oil return groove opened on the wear-resistant plate 4 and a connecting channel opened on the bracket 5. The lubricating oil and refrigerant in the high-pressure chamber 16 enter the back-pressure chamber 12 through the oil return groove. When the oil drain and pressure relief hole 405 is intermittently connected with the low-pressure chamber 11 of the scroll compressor, the excess oil and refrigerant in the back-pressure chamber 12 are discharged to the low-pressure chamber 11, thereby achieving the purpose of oil drain and pressure relief, and the function of the back-pressure chamber 12 can be reliably realized.

[0032] As an optional implementation, the oil return groove includes a first oil return groove 402, an oil return pressure relief groove 403 and a second oil return groove 404. The first oil return groove 402 is connected to the second oil return groove 404 through the oil return pressure relief groove 403. The first oil return groove 402 is connected to the high-pressure chamber 16, and the second oil return groove 404 is connected to the connecting channel.

[0033] The first oil return groove 402 is connected to the high pressure chamber 16, the second oil return groove 404 is connected to the connecting channel, and the first oil return groove 402 is connected to the second oil return groove 404 through the oil return pressure relief groove 403, with a simple structure and high reliability.

[0034] As an optional implementation, the connecting channel includes a radial channel 502 and an annular channel 503 connected to the radial channel 502 , the oil return groove is connected to the radial channel 502 , and the oil drain and pressure relief hole 405 is connected to the radial channel 502 or the annular channel 503 .

[0035] The radial channel 502 is connected to the oil return groove. When the pressure in the back pressure chamber 12 increases, the radial channel 502 lifts the wear-resistant plate 4 with uniform force in all directions, which is stable and reliable. The radial channel 502 is connected with the annular channel 503 to ensure the consistency of the fluid in each part of the connecting channel and prevent leakage caused by pressure imbalance.

[0036] As an optional implementation, a plurality of first air intake passages 501 are provided on the bracket 5, and the first air intake passages 501 are connected to the end surface of the stator plate 2 of the scroll compressor to form a direct suction air intake structure.

[0037] The air intake mode is optimized from the traditional side-suction type to the direct-suction type, which reduces the air intake resistance, reduces power consumption and improves performance.

[0038] As an optional implementation, a plurality of second air suction channels 401 corresponding to the first air suction channels 501 are provided on the wear-resistant plate 4 .

[0039] As an optional implementation, a plurality of first air suction channels 501 are distributed at the outer edge of the bracket 5 along the circumferential direction, and a plurality of second air suction channels 401 are distributed at the outer edge of the wear-resistant plate 4 along the circumferential direction.

[0040] A plurality of first air suction channels 501 are circumferentially distributed at the outer edge of the bracket 5, and a plurality of second air suction channels 401 are circumferentially distributed at the outer edge of the wear-resistant plate 4, which does not affect the sealing and the flow of the fluid channel and does not interfere.

[0041] The present invention provides a scroll compressor, comprising a stator plate 2, a rotor plate 3 and any one of the above oil and pressure relief structures.

[0042] During the operation of the compressor, the back pressure chamber 12 is drained of oil and pressure in time to maintain the oil content and pressure in the back pressure chamber 12 within a certain range, so as to achieve the effect of balancing the axial force of the moving disk 3 in the back pressure chamber 12. At the same time, the suction mode is optimized from side suction to direct suction, thereby reducing suction resistance, reducing power consumption and improving performance.

[0043] like Figure 5As shown, when the scroll compressor is running, the low-pressure refrigerant in the low-pressure chamber 11 enters the pump body through the suction channel 401 of the bracket 5 and the wear-resistant plate 4, and enters the high-pressure chamber 16 after being compressed by the moving plate 3 and the static plate 2 of the pump body. Since the gaseous refrigerant contains lubricating oil, the high-pressure refrigerant in the high-pressure chamber 16 separates oil and gas through the oil separation pipe, and the separated gaseous refrigerant is discharged through the oil separation pipe. The separated liquid lubricating oil and part of the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant enter the oil return hole 201 of the static plate 2 through the oil filter net 15, and are depressurized to a certain extent through the capillary oil return hole 202, and the lubricating oil and refrigerant enter the back pressure chamber 12.

[0044] The back pressure cavity 12 is formed by the moving plate 3, the moving plate 3 bearing, the wear plate 4, the bracket 5, the bracket bearing 6, the retaining spring 7, the oil seal, the crankshaft 10, the eccentric sleeve 13 and other parts. The outer edge of the wear plate 4 is squeezed and fixed by the stationary plate 2 and the bracket 5.

[0045] After the depressurized lubricating oil and refrigerant enter the back pressure chamber 12, the pressure in the back pressure chamber 12 increases. The pressure in the back pressure chamber 12 pushes the moving plate 3 to be close to the static plate 2, which serves to offset part of the axial force and overturning moment borne by the moving plate 3, and at the same time reduce the radial clearance between the moving and static plates 2, thereby reducing the internal leakage of the refrigerant in the compression process of the pump body.

[0046] like Figure 3 As shown, the bracket 5 is provided with an air intake channel 501, which is connected to the end face of the static disk 2, so that the end face can directly inhale the refrigerant when the pump body is compressed, with small air intake resistance and low power consumption; the end face of the bracket 5 is provided with a radial channel 502 and an annular channel 503, and its function is that when the pressure in the back pressure chamber 12 increases, the refrigerant in the radial channel 502 and the annular channel 503 can lift the wear-resistant plate 4, so that it fits tightly with the flange on the back side of the moving disk 3, thereby ensuring that the back pressure chamber 12 is effectively sealed.

[0047] like Figure 4As shown, the wear-resistant plate 4 is provided with a first suction channel 401 that matches the bracket 5, and a first oil return groove 402 that matches the oil return hole 201 of the stator plate 2. Although the lubricating oil and part of the refrigerant returning from the high-pressure chamber 16 are relieved to a certain extent through the capillary oil return hole 202 of the stator plate 2, the pressure is still relatively high, so an oil return pressure relief groove 403 is provided on the wear-resistant plate 4. A second oil return groove 404 is provided at the other end of the oil return pressure relief groove 403, which is connected to the radial channel 502 of the bracket 5. The first oil return groove 402, the oil return pressure relief groove 403, and the second oil return groove 404 on the wear-resistant plate 4 form the main oil return channel with the end face of the stator plate 2 and the end face of the bracket 5. The size of the oil return groove of the wear-resistant plate 4 cannot exceed the width of the matching end faces of the stator plate 2 and the bracket 5 to ensure that there is no leakage in the oil return channel. The wear plate 4 is also provided with an oil leakage and pressure relief hole 405, and the position of the oil leakage and pressure relief hole 405 is connected to the radial channel 502 or the annular channel 503 of the bracket 5. The position of the oil leakage and pressure relief hole 405 needs to be limited within the flange operation envelope of the movable plate 3 in contact with the wear plate 4 when the movable plate 3 is in orbital translation, so that during the operation of the movable plate 3 for one cycle, the oil leakage and pressure relief hole 405 on the wear plate 4 is connected to the low pressure chamber 11 for part of the time, and isolated from the low pressure chamber 11 for part of the time; when the oil leakage and pressure relief hole 405 on the wear plate 4 is connected to the low pressure chamber 11, the excess oil and refrigerant in the back pressure chamber 12 will be discharged to the low pressure chamber 11 through the oil leakage and pressure relief hole 405, thereby ensuring that there is no excessive oil accumulation in the back pressure chamber 12 and the pressure of the back pressure chamber 12 can be effectively controlled.

[0048] The oil and pressure relief principle of the back pressure chamber 12 is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the lubricating oil and part of the refrigerant returning from the high-pressure chamber 16 reach the first oil return groove 402 of the wear-resistant plate 4 through the oil return hole 201 of the static plate 2 (a in the figure), and enter the second oil return groove 404 (b in the figure) through the oil return pressure relief groove 403; and then enter the back-pressure chamber 12 (c and d in the figure) through the radial channel 502 connecting the wear-resistant plate 4 and the bracket 5. As the compressor continues to run, the lubricating oil and refrigerant in the back-pressure chamber 12 will increase, and the pressure in the back-pressure chamber 12 will also increase. When the accumulated oil in the back-pressure chamber 12 exceeds the position of the oil leakage pressure relief hole 405 on the wear-resistant plate 4, or the pressure in the back-pressure chamber 12 is too high, it will partially leak out when the oil leakage pressure relief hole 405 is connected to the low-pressure chamber 11 (e in the figure).

[0049] As an optional implementation, the oil and pressure relief holes 405 are located within the operating envelope of the contact portion between the moving plate 3 and the wear-resistant plate 4 .

[0050] The position of the oil drain and pressure relief hole 405 must also be limited within the flange operating envelope where the moving disk 3 contacts the wear-resistant plate 4 when the moving disk 3 revolves and moves in a circular motion, so that during one cycle of the moving disk 3, the oil drain and pressure relief hole 405 on the wear-resistant plate 4 is connected to the low-pressure chamber 11 part of the time and isolated from the low-pressure chamber 11 part of the time, thereby ensuring intermittent connection.

[0051] The present invention provides a new energy automobile air conditioner, comprising any one of the above scroll compressors.

[0052] The bracket 5 and the wear-resistant plate 4 are provided with a channel and an oil and pressure relief hole 405, which can prevent excessive oil accumulation and excessive pressure in the back pressure chamber 12; the bracket 5 and the wear-resistant plate 4 are provided with an air intake channel (501 and 401), so that the pump body can change the refrigerant intake from the usual side suction type to the direct suction type, with small suction resistance and low power consumption.

[0053] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An oil and pressure relief structure for a scroll compressor, characterized in that: The invention comprises a bracket (5) and a wear-resistant plate (4), wherein an oil drain and pressure relief hole (405) is provided on the wear-resistant plate (4), and an oil return channel is formed between the bracket (5) and the wear-resistant plate (4), wherein the oil return channel can connect the high-pressure chamber (16) and the back-pressure chamber (12) of the scroll compressor, and the oil drain and pressure relief hole (405) is connected to the back-pressure chamber (12); the oil drain and pressure relief hole (405) is intermittently connected to the low-pressure chamber (11) of the scroll compressor to discharge excess oil and / or refrigerant in the back-pressure chamber (12) to the low-pressure chamber (11); The oil return channel comprises an oil return groove provided on the wear-resistant plate (4) and a connecting channel provided on the bracket (5), the inlet end of the oil return groove is connected to the high-pressure chamber (16), the outlet end of the oil return groove is connected to the back pressure chamber (12) through the connecting channel, and the back pressure chamber (12) is connected to the oil drain and pressure relief hole (405); The connecting channel comprises a radial channel (502) and an annular channel (503) communicating with the radial channel (502), the oil return groove is communicated with the radial channel (502), and the oil drain and pressure relief hole (405) is connected with the radial channel (502) or the annular channel (503); The oil return groove comprises a first oil return groove (402), an oil return pressure relief groove (403) and a second oil return groove (404).

2. The oil and pressure relief structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first oil return groove (402) is connected to the second oil return groove (404) through the oil return pressure relief groove (403), the first oil return groove (402) is connected to the high pressure chamber (16), and the second oil return groove (404) is connected to the connecting channel.

3. The oil and pressure relief structure according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The bracket (5) is provided with a plurality of first air intake channels (501), and the first air intake channels (501) are connected to the end surface of the stator (2) of the scroll compressor to form a direct suction air intake structure.

4. The oil and pressure relief structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The wear-resistant plate (4) is provided with a plurality of second air suction channels (401) corresponding to the first air suction channels (501).

5. The oil and pressure relief structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: A plurality of the first air suction channels (501) are distributed along the circumferential direction at the outer edge of the bracket (5), and a plurality of the second air suction channels (401) are distributed along the circumferential direction at the outer edge of the wear-resistant plate (4).

6. A scroll compressor, characterized in that: It comprises a static plate (2), a dynamic plate (3) and an oil and pressure relief structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The scroll compressor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The oil and pressure relief hole (405) is located within the operating envelope of the contact portion between the moving plate (3) and the wear-resistant plate (4).

8. An air conditioner, characterized in that: Including the scroll compressor as described in claim 6 or 7.

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