A tubular hydraulic bladder and a pressure generating device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a tubular hydraulic bladder and a pressure generating device. The tubular hydraulic bladder includes a bladder body and a bladder nozzle. The bladder body is in the shape of a flat belt tube and includes an inner bladder layer made of synthetic rubber, an outer protective layer, and a reinforcing layer densely woven by multiple layers of high-strength fibers, which can withstand an internal pressure of dozens of megapascals. The bladder nozzle includes a nozzle body, a fiber locking ring, and a sleeve. The locking and pressing structure formed by them can achieve self-locking and dynamic sealing by utilizing the fluid pressure in the bladder. The pressure generating device includes an upper plate, a lower plate, and a tubular hydraulic bladder. There are bladder grooves on the upper plate and the lower plate. The bladder grooves and the concave-convex shaped cushion bodies therein clamp the flat belt-shaped bladder body into a curved wave shape. When pressure fluid is injected into the bladder body, it expands radially from flat to round, pushing the upper plate or the lower plate to displace against the load resistance, thereby generating the pressure for mechanical work. The pressure generating device of the present invention can not only generate a large-tonnage pressure, but also effectively reduce the volume and weight of the equipment, save costs, and is applicable to both oil pressure and water pressure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydraulics, and particularly to a tubular hydraulic bladder and a pressure generating device. Background Art

[0002] In hydraulic machinery and equipment, a hydraulic cylinder is a commonly used component that converts fluid pressure into mechanical force. The main components of a hydraulic cylinder, namely the cylinder block and the piston (rod), are rigid bodies made of metal materials. When the required pressure load of the equipment is large, it is necessary to correspondingly increase the size or number of hydraulic cylinders. This will not only make the equipment bulky and heavy, but also significantly increase the manufacturing process difficulty and cost, and the requirements for its use conditions and maintenance will also be more stringent. If the above contradictions are only solved by improving the materials of the hydraulic cylinder and optimization, the effect is very limited. However, adopting flexible hydraulics, that is, using a flexible bladder-type hydraulic actuator to replace the rigid hydraulic cylinder and using the expansion and contraction of the bladder to replace the reciprocating output of mechanical pressure by the piston, is a feasible solution that can effectively reduce the volume and weight of hydraulic equipment. It has strong practicability at least in some applications with large tonnage and short stroke, such as: die pressing and compounding of plates, rolling forming of sheet metal parts, concrete demolition, and fracturing and mining of rock masses. A hydraulic bladder that can directly drive a hydraulic machine necessarily requires that the bladder body has a large volume deformation and can withstand a system pressure of more than ten megapascals or even dozens of megapascals to work repeatedly for a long time without bursting. A hydraulic soft bladder element with the above performance has not been publicly reported in the known technology. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a tubular hydraulic bladder and a pressure generating device to solve the problems existing in the above prior art, and use a flexible hydraulic bladder to replace the rigid hydraulic cylinder as the driving actuator in the pressure generating device, thereby reducing the weight and volume of the equipment and lowering the manufacturing and use costs.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0005] The present invention provides a tubular hydraulic bladder, comprising:

[0006] The bladder, the bladder includes an inner bladder layer, a reinforcing layer and an outer protective layer arranged in sequence from the inside out. In the natural state without pressure, the bladder is a soft flat belt-shaped tube that can be bent and folded with fingers. When pressurized internally, it expands radially into a cylindrical shape with increased stiffness. Its inner bladder layer is made of high-elastic synthetic rubber material to prevent the pressure fluid from leaking out; the reinforcing layer includes more than two layers of fiber braided layers, and each layer is tightly braided by multiple strands of high-strength fiber yarns in a spiral diagonal cross pattern to resist huge internal pressure and prevent the inner bladder layer from bursting due to excessive expansion or local bulging; between the inner bladder layer and the reinforcing layer, and between the fiber braided layers of the reinforcing layer, relative sliding is possible, which is more conducive to the deformation and expansion of the bladder than being melted or bonded together; the outer protective layer is a wear-resistant elastomer rubber coating layer to protect the reinforcing layer fibers from frictional damage.

[0007] The bladder nozzle, the bladder nozzle is arranged at the end of the bladder for locking and sealing the bladder opening and connecting to the hydraulic pipeline. The bladder nozzle includes a nozzle body, a fiber locking ring and a sleeve. The inner end of the nozzle body is inserted into the end of the inner bladder layer, and the fiber locking ring and the sleeve lock and compress the end of the reinforcing layer and the inner bladder layer and tightly sleeve them on the nozzle body; there is a through hole in the center of the nozzle body that communicates with the inner bladder cavity of the bladder; the outer end of the nozzle body is provided with a thread for connecting to the hydraulic pipeline.

[0008] Preferably, for several fiber braided layers in the reinforcing layer, the diameter of the inner layer yarn bundle is smaller than that of the outer layer, the number of strands of the inner layer yarn bundle is greater than that of the outer layer, and the twist of the inner layer yarn bundle is greater than that of the outer layer, that is, the inner layer is woven more densely and tightly than the outer layer. This is conducive to preventing the rubber of the inner bladder layer from being extruded from the mesh holes of the fiber braided layer due to high pressure. The larger twist can increase the elongation at break of the inner braided layer yarn bundle, so that when the bladder expands, the inner braided layer has a larger adaptation range in sharing the tensile load with the outer braided layer.

[0009] Preferably, the material of the yarn bundle of several fiber braided layers in the reinforcing layer is one or two of polyamide and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene filament fibers.

[0010] Preferably, the insertion section of the nozzle body is provided with an annular boss and an annular groove; the fiber locking ring is inserted from the outer end of the nozzle body and is blocked by the boss, locking the end of the liner layer and the fiber braided layer on the nozzle body under the boss; the tail section of the fiber braided layer in the reinforcement layer that passes through the fiber locking ring is folded back from the outer periphery of the fiber locking ring, covers the fiber locking ring and tightens it toward the boss; the sleeve covers the end of the liner layer and the fiber braided layer wrapped around the fiber locking ring, and is pressed against the outer wall of the insertion section of the nozzle body. The above-mentioned self-locking structure of surrounding sleeve pressure can ensure that the fiber braided layer does not slip when subjected to huge tensile force. When the liquid pressure in the capsule increases, the force of pressing the nozzle body and tightening the reinforcement layer increases accordingly, so that the locking pressure between the fiber locking ring and the boss and the fitting force between the end of the liner layer and the insertion end of the nozzle body are also increased accordingly, thereby achieving a dynamic sealing effect. This combination of the nozzle and the capsule body can be disassembled and reassembled, which is convenient for inspection and replacement of components.

[0011] Preferably, the locking section of the nozzle body is provided with an annular raised outer conical surface, and the circular hole at the bottom of the sleeve has an inner conical surface matching it, so that the sleeve can be limited to avoid damage to the end of the inner liner layer due to excessive squeezing between the inner bottom surface and the side surface of the boss when the sleeve is pressed inward.

[0012] The hydraulic pipeline injects pressure liquid into the bladder through the bladder nozzle, causing the bladder to expand radially, changing from a soft flat tube to a cylindrical shape with increased rigidity, thereby performing external mechanical work.

[0013] A pressure generating device comprises an upper plate and a lower plate, wherein at least one tubular hydraulic bag is arranged between the upper plate and the lower plate.

[0014] Preferably, the pressure generating device further comprises a bladder groove, the function of which is to support and position the tubular hydraulic bladder. At least one bladder groove is provided below the upper plate, and at least one bladder groove is provided above the lower plate. The bladder groove can be formed by depressions on the surfaces of the lower plate and the lower plate, or can be a strip-shaped groove body externally installed on the surfaces of the lower plate and the lower plate. The bladder grooves correspond to each other and are parallel to each other. The tubular hydraulic bladder is provided in the bladder groove, and the bladder nozzles at the ends of the tubular hydraulic bladder are fixed at both ends of the upper plate and the lower plate with clamps or pipe clamps.

[0015] Preferably, a cushion body is provided in the capsule groove, and the surface of the cushion body is in an arc-shaped concave-convex wave shape, and the concave-convex parts of the cushion body in the upper and lower corresponding capsule grooves are complementary and opposite, squeezing the capsule body to form a wavy flat belt along the longitudinal direction. This wavy layout has two advantages over a straight layout. First, it can offset the length contraction formed when the capsule expands and reduce the friction of the capsule wall. Second, it can obtain a larger pressure work stroke.

[0016] Preferably, when there are multiple bladder grooves on the upper plate and the lower plate, the adjacent bladder grooves are arranged closely, and the vertically corresponding bladder grooves are aligned directly, or are aligned in an alternating pattern with a 1 / 2 bladder groove width offset left and right. Under the same conditions, compared with these two layout methods, direct alignment can obtain a larger working stroke, while alternating alignment can generate a greater pressure.

[0017] Preferably, when there are multiple bladder grooves on the upper plate and the lower plate, there are a number of vertically opposite openings on the upper plate and the lower plate, and a number of guide rods are inserted into the openings. At least one of the upper plate and the lower plate can slide up and down along the guide rods, and a return spring for clamping the upper plate and the lower plate is provided on the guide rods.

[0018] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0019] The tubular hydraulic bladder of the present invention has a volume expansion rate of more than twice, can withstand a system working pressure of dozens of megapascals, and can be repeatedly expanded and contracted persistently; the bladder nozzle structure can achieve self-locking and dynamic sealing by utilizing the fluid pressure in the bladder, and can adaptively adjust the balance of the tension loads between the fiber braided layers in each reinforcing layer, and can also be disassembled and assembled conveniently.

[0020] The pressure generating device driven by the tubular hydraulic bladder provided by the present invention can not only generate a large-tonnage mechanical force, but also effectively reduce the volume and weight of the equipment, reduce the manufacturing and use costs, and is applicable to both oil pressure and water pressure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the tubular hydraulic bladder of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic detailed sectional view of the structure of the tubular hydraulic bladder of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the pressure performance experiment of the tubular hydraulic bladder of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the structure of the tube pressure generating device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the pressure generating device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the multi-hydraulic bladder structure of the pressure generating device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the forward alignment layout structure of the bladder grooves of the pressure generating device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the staggered alignment layout structure of the bladder grooves of the pressure generating device of the present invention.

[0030] Wherein, the bladder body 1, the inner bladder layer 11, the reinforcing layer 12, the outer protective layer 13, the bladder nozzle 2, the nozzle body 21, the fiber locking ring 22, the sleeve 23, the through hole 24, the locking nut 25, the annular boss 26, the annular groove 27, the outer conical surface 28, the upper plate 3, the lower plate 4, the bladder groove 5, the gasket body 6, the clamp or pipe clamp 7, the column 8, the return spring 9. Specific embodiments

[0031] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described more clearly and in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0032] The present invention provides a tubular hydraulic bladder. Referring to Figure 1-2 as shown, it includes a bladder body 1 and a bladder nozzle 2. The bladder body 1 includes an inner bladder layer 11, a reinforcing layer 12, and an outer protective layer 13 arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside. The inner bladder layer 11, the reinforcing layer 12, and the outer protective layer 13 are sleeved layer by layer, and each layer is relatively independent, rather than a composite structure that is fused together. Between the inner bladder layer 11 and the reinforcing layer 12 and between the fiber braided layers in the reinforcing layer 12, they can relatively slide freely. In the natural state without pressure, the bladder body 1 is in a flat and long strip shape, and it can be curled or folded by hand (such as Figure 1 a), when high-pressure fluid is injected, the bladder body 1 changes from flat to round and expands radially, presenting a cylindrical shape with increased stiffness (such as Figure 1 b). The bladder nozzle 2 is arranged at the end of the bladder body 1 for locking and sealing the bladder opening and connecting to the hydraulic pipeline. The bladder nozzle 2 includes a set of concentrically assembled metal parts such as a nozzle body 21, a fiber locking ring 22, and a sleeve 23. The inner end of the nozzle body 21 is inserted into the end of the inner bladder layer 11, and the fiber locking ring 22 and the sleeve 23 lock and compress the end of the inner bladder layer 11 and the reinforcing layer 12 and sleeve them on the nozzle body 21. There is a through hole 24 in the center of the nozzle body 21 that communicates with the inner cavity of the bladder, and a connecting thread is provided at the outer end (such as Figure 2 ).

[0033] Further optimization solution: The reinforcing layer 12 is composed of at least two layers of fiber braided layers. The fiber braided layer is formed by helically and obliquely cross - braiding multiple high - strength fiber yarn bundles. In the same braided layer, the number of yarn bundles and the braiding angle of the right - hand and left - hand spiral yarn bundles are the same. The braiding angle is between 35° and 55°, preferably 45°. The braiding angle refers to the angle between the tangent direction of the yarn bundle and the parallel line of the braiding central axis. When the reinforcing layer 12 has two layers, the material of the braided layer close to the inner liner layer 11 is filament fiber of polyamide or ultra - high molecular weight polyethylene, preferably ultra - high molecular weight polyethylene. The material of the yarn bundles of the outer braided layer is filament fiber of aromatic polyamide or ultra - high molecular weight polyethylene, preferably para - aromatic polyamide. When the reinforcing layer 12 has multiple layers, the material of the braided layer close to the inner liner layer 11 is filament fiber of polyamide or ultra - high molecular weight polyethylene, preferably ultra - high molecular weight polyethylene. The material of the yarn bundles of each other outer reinforcing layer is filament fiber of aromatic polyamide or ultra - high molecular weight polyethylene, preferably para - aromatic polyamide. And the braided layer close to the inner liner layer 11 is finer than the outer braided layer, that is, the yarn bundles are thinner and the number of braiding strands is more, and the yarn bundles with a larger twist are used for braiding. This structure ensures that the elongation at break of the fibers of the innermost braided yarn layer is greater than that of other outer layers, so that when the bladder expands, the inner braided layer has a larger adaptation range in sharing the tensile load with the outer braided layer. The braided layer in the outer layer relative to the inner braided layer is braided with thicker and lower - twist or non - twist yarn bundles, so it has a greater tensile strength and a very small elastic elongation rate. In the initial stage when the internal pressure of the bladder increases, the outer braided layer will increase the inner diameter by increasing the braiding angle to adapt to the radial expansion of the bladder. However, due to the formation of braiding resistance by the intersection of fiber bundles, when the braiding angle reaches a certain limit value (usually between 55° and 60°), the diameter of the outer braided layer also reaches a certain maximum value, and there is no obvious change when the internal pressure continues to rise. Therefore, it can protect the inner braided layer and the inner liner layer under higher pressure.

[0034] Further optimization solution: The materials of the inner liner layer 11 and the outer protective layer 13 are high - molecular polymers with a Shore hardness between 80HA and 90HA and an elastic elongation rate greater than 300%. The materials are thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU) or nitrile rubber, preferably polyurethane elastomer (TPU).

[0035] For a further optimized solution, there is an annular boss 26 on the insertion section of the nozzle body 21. The fiber locking ring 22 is sleeved into the outer end of the nozzle body 21 and blocked by the boss 26, locking and pressing the end of the inner liner layer 11 and the fiber braided layer onto the nozzle body 21. The tail section of the fiber braided layer passing through the inside of the fiber locking ring 22 is folded back from the outside of the fiber locking ring, wrapping the fiber locking ring inside and pulling it towards the side of the boss 26. The sleeve 23 sleeves the fiber locking ring 22 and the fiber braided layer wrapping the fiber locking ring, pressing the end of the inner liner layer 11 against the outer wall of the insertion section of the nozzle body 21. The outer end of the nozzle body 21 is threadedly connected with a locking nut 28, which can lock the sleeve 23 and the nozzle body 21 tightly. The combination of the above-mentioned nozzle 2 and the bladder 1 is a detachable and assembled self-locking structure. Compared with the traditional one-time crimping method, it is more convenient for technicians to inspect, maintain and replace components. When the pressure of the liquid in the bladder increases, the force that the nozzle body 21 inserted into the inner bladder cavity is pushed outwards by the liquid increases. At the same time, the expansion of the bladder causes the fibers of the reinforcing layer 12 to be tensioned, and the force that the end of the fiber braided layer wrapping the fiber locking ring pulls the fiber locking ring 22 inwards also increases, so that the force that the fiber locking ring 22 locks and presses the end of the inner liner layer 11 between the boss 26 also increases accordingly, thus achieving the dynamic sealing effect of "the greater the pressure, the tighter the seal". When used in equipment, the nozzle 2 at one end of the bladder is connected to the hydraulic pipeline, and the other end can be connected to the head or the safety valve.

[0036] For a further optimized solution, the tail section of the fiber braided layer folded back from the outside of the fiber locking ring is impregnated with epoxy resin before being sleeved into the sleeve, and the reliability of anti-slip can be increased after curing.

[0037] For a further optimized solution, there is an outer conical surface 28 with an annular protrusion on the nozzle body 21, located between the annular boss 26 and the thread. The bottom circular hole of the sleeve 23 has a matching inner conical surface, which can limit the sleeve 23 to avoid damage to the end of the inner liner layer due to excessive extrusion between the inner bottom surface and the side surface of the boss 26 when the sleeve 23 is pressed inwards.

[0038] In an embodiment of the tubular hydraulic bladder, refer to Figure 2-3 As shown, the inner liner layer 11 of the bladder 1 uses a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer rubber (TPU) flat belt tube with a wall thickness of 1.5 mm and a width of 28 mm, and the Shore hardness of the material is 85 HA; the reinforcing layer 12 is two layers of fiber braided layers. The inner layer is woven with 120-spindle ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene compound twisted stranded yarns with a wire diameter of 0.5 mm, and the outer layer is woven with 32-spindle para-aramid untwisted yarn bundles with a wire diameter of 1.5 mm; the outer protective layer 13 is 1 mm thick TPU. The width of the bladder 1 when it is naturally flat without pressure is 36 mm, the thickness is 12 mm, and the length is about 1 m. The nozzle uses two fiber locking rings and two inner and outer sleeves to lock and press the inner and outer two layers of fiber braided layers respectively (as Figure 2 ), so that it is more convenient to adjust the two layers of fiber braided layers to evenly share the tensile load. Refer to Figure 4As shown in the figure, in the no-load experiment, when the applied hydraulic pressure rises to about 20 MPa, the outer diameter of the expanded bladder reaches a maximum of 31 mm, and there is no visible obvious change with the increase of pressure. The minimum bursting pressure is 63 MPa. In the loading experiment, when the applied hydraulic pressure is 30 MPa, using the flat pressing block of the uniaxial pressure tester, the cylindrical expansion section with a length of 100 mm is compressed to a thickness of 24 mm, which is twice the initial flattened thickness. The instrument shows a pressure of 33 KN (as Figure 3 ).

[0039] The tubular hydraulic bladder of the present invention can be used as a flexible two-way energy conversion element in hydraulic machinery. The so-called "two-way energy conversion" means that high-pressure fluid medium can be injected into the bladder 1 through a pipeline to make it expand radially against the external load resistance, converting hydraulic energy into mechanical energy to do work externally. Also, mechanical external force can be applied to the expanded bladder 1 to force the bladder 1 to contract or flatten, thereby increasing the pressure of the fluid inside it and in the pipeline connected to it, converting mechanical energy into the pressure potential energy of the fluid.

[0040] A pressure generating device driven by a tubular hydraulic bladder, comprising an upper plate 3 and a lower plate 4, and at least one tubular hydraulic bladder is provided between the upper plate 3 and the lower plate 4.

[0041] Embodiment 1 of the pressure generating device, referring to Figure 4-5 As shown in the figure, one tubular hydraulic bladder is provided between the upper plate 3 and the lower plate 4. In this embodiment, both the upper plate 3 and the lower plate 4 are set as arcs, and the concave inner surfaces of the arcs form bladder grooves 5, and their materials are made of spring steel plates that have been quenched and shaped. The grooves of the upper plate 3 and the lower plate 4 are spliced relatively to form a cylindrical shell, and the tubular hydraulic bladder 1 is placed therein. The sleeves outside the bladder nozzles are clamped at both ends of the shell and fixed with steel sleeves. Each of the arc-shaped bladder grooves 5 of the upper plate 3 and the lower plate 4 is provided with a gasket body 6, and the gasket body 6 is made of hard plastic or metal material. In this embodiment, hard PA6 nylon material is used. The back surface of the gasket body 6 fits with the arc surface of the bladder groove 5, and the front surface is in an arc-shaped concave-convex wavy shape. The concavities and convexities of the upper and lower gasket bodies 6 are complementary to each other, and the flat strip-shaped bladder is squeezed into a curved wavy shape (as Figure 4 a). A suitable application of this embodiment is to use this device in a splitting equipment. One bladder nozzle is blocked with a blind cover, and the other bladder nozzle is connected to the hydraulic pipeline of the equipment and inserted into a rock drill hole or embedded in a concrete body. When pressurized, the huge pressure generated by the expansion of the bladder can split the rock or concrete body (as Figure 5)。The advantage of arranging the capsule body in a wavy curve rather than a straight line is that when the capsule body 1 expands, the fiber braided layer in the strengthening layer 12 will be shortened to a certain extent axially due to radial tension. If the capsule body is arranged in a straight line, both ends will be pulled towards the middle and undergo sliding displacement. However, the wavy curve arrangement reserves a length margin for the capsule body to cope with shrinkage, which can eliminate or weaken the tendency of both ends of the capsule body to slide towards the middle when it expands, thereby reducing the risk of the capsule nozzle being pulled off and the capsule wall being worn. On the other hand, after the rock has been cracked by expansion, the resistance decreases. When the capsule body further expands and becomes more circular, it will change from bent to straight and its stiffness increases. Pushing against the protruding parts of the cushioning materials on both sides can increase the amplitude of pushing the upper plate 3 and the lower plate 4 away from each other, thus facilitating the increase in the width of the rock crack. The flexural deformation that occurs when the upper and lower plates made of spring steel open will automatically return to the original state by elastic stress after the capsule body 1 is depressurized (as Figure 4 ), so it can be reused multiple times.

[0042] One embodiment of the pressure generating device is shown for reference Figure 6-8 . Between the upper plate 3 and the lower plate 4, a plurality of tubular hydraulic capsules are provided. Each hydraulic capsule has a capsule groove 5 to support and position it. The capsule grooves 5 are arranged in parallel and are closely adjacent. The corresponding capsule grooves 5 on the lower surface of the upper plate 3 and the upper surface of the lower plate 4 are aligned with each other. The back surface of the capsule groove 5 is in close contact with the plate surface and is fixed by screw connection. Both ends of the tubular hydraulic capsule are connected and fixed to the lower plate 3 or the lower plate 4 by pipe clamps 7 (not shown in the figure) through screw connections. Each tubular hydraulic capsule is connected to a hydraulic source through a hydraulic pipeline. The hydraulic source can be a hydraulic press or a hydraulic station in existing equipment. The hydraulic source injects a fluid pressure medium into each capsule body 1 simultaneously, causing the upper and lower rows of tubular hydraulic capsules to expand synchronously from flat to circular, forming a relatively large pressure acting surface, and can output a huge pressure equivalent to that of an ultra-large diameter hydraulic cylinder, pushing the upper plate 3 or the lower plate 4 to overcome the load resistance and generate a working displacement. In this embodiment, there are two pairs of upper and lower plates. The plates are stacked on top of each other. There are several openings on both sides that are vertically aligned. Several columns 8 vertically penetrate through them. A return spring 9 for clamping the upper and lower plates tightly is provided on the columns 8. The lower plate 4 in the lower group is usually a fixed base tabletop. The upper plate 3 in the upper group is usually fixed to the top beam of the press or the bottom surface of the slider. The upper plate 3 and the lower plate 4 in the middle can slide vertically along the columns 8. An object to be pressed or a mold is placed between them.

[0043] In another embodiment of the pressure generating device, shown for reference Figure 8 , the corresponding capsule grooves 5 between the upper plate 3 and the lower plate 4 are arranged in an offset manner, that is, they are aligned with a 1 / 2 capsule groove width offset left and right. Compared with the facing arrangement, under the same conditions, a larger hydraulic action area can be obtained, so a greater mechanical pressure can be output, but the effective working stroke will be slightly reduced. In specific applications, it can be selected according to the working conditions.

[0044] For a further optimized solution, shown for reference Figure 7-8As shown, a cushion body 6 is provided both inside the capsule groove 5 and between the corresponding capsules above and below. The cushion body 6 should have a certain elasticity, and its shape, thickness, and elastic modulus should also be selected according to the corresponding pressure level.

[0045] The pressure generating device driven by the tubular hydraulic capsule provided by the present invention is more convenient for installation and maintenance compared with the traditional full hydraulic cylinder type pressure generating device, on the premise of meeting the application requirements of large tonnage and small stroke, and can effectively reduce the volume and weight of the equipment, reduce the manufacturing and use costs, and is applicable to both oil pressure and water pressure.

[0046] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0047] The embodiments described above are only for describing the preferred mode of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various deformations and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solution of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tubular hydraulic bladder, characterized in that: It includes a bladder body (1), the bladder body (1) includes an inner bladder layer (11), a reinforcing layer (12) and an outer protective layer (13) which are sequentially sleeved from the inside to the outside. The inner bladder layer (11), the reinforcing layer (12) and the outer protective layer (13) are in the shape of a flat belt tube. The materials of the inner bladder layer (11) and the outer protective layer (13) are elastic synthetic rubber. The reinforcing layer (12) includes several layers of fiber braided layers, and the fiber braided layers are tightly braided by helically obliquely crossing multiple strands of high-strength fiber yarn bundles. The inner bladder layer (11) can slide relative to the reinforcing layer (12), and the fiber braided layers of the reinforcing layer (12) can slide relative to each other; a bladder nozzle (2), the bladder nozzle (2) is arranged at the end of the bladder body (1) and is a set of concentrically assembled metal parts, including a nozzle body (21), a fiber locking ring (22) and a sleeve (23). The inner end of the nozzle body (21) is inserted into the end of the inner bladder layer (11), and the fiber locking ring (22) and the sleeve (23) lock and compress the end of the reinforcing layer (12) and the inner bladder layer (11) and tightly sleeve them on the nozzle body (2); a through hole (24) communicating with the inner bladder cavity of the bladder body (1) is provided in the center of the nozzle body (21); a thread for connecting a locking nut (25) and a hydraulic pipeline is provided at the outer end of the nozzle body (21); The hydraulic pipeline injects pressure liquid into the bladder body (1) through the bladder nozzle (2), causing the bladder body (1) to expand, changing from a soft flat belt tube shape to a cylindrical shape with increased stiffness, thereby generating pressure to do external mechanical work; Among the several layers of fiber braided layers in the reinforcing layer (12), the diameter of the inner layer yarn bundle is smaller than that of the outer layer, the number of braided strands of the inner layer yarn bundle is more than that of the outer layer, the twist of the inner layer yarn bundle is greater than that of the outer layer. The fiber braided layer is formed by helically obliquely crossing multiple strands of high-strength fiber yarn bundles. In the same braided layer, the number of strands and the braiding angle of the right-handed and left-handed yarn bundles are the same, and the braiding angle is between 35° and 55°; The material of the yarn bundles of each fiber braided layer in the reinforcing layer (12) is one or two of aromatic polyamide filament fiber and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene filament fiber.

2. The tubular hydraulic bladder according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are an annular boss (26) and an annular groove (27) on the insertion section of the nozzle body (21); the fiber locking ring (22) is sleeved from the outer end of the nozzle body (21) and is blocked by the boss (26), sleeving and locking the end of the inner bladder layer (11) and the fiber braided layer at the boss (26); the tail section of the fiber braided layer passing through the fiber locking ring (22) in the reinforcing layer (12) is folded back in a reverse sleeve, winding around and tightening the fiber locking ring (22) towards the boss (26) side; the sleeve (23) sleeves the end of the inner bladder layer (11) and the fiber braided layer winding around the fiber locking ring (22), and presses tightly against the outer wall of the insertion section of the nozzle body (21).

3. The tubular hydraulic bladder according to claim 1, characterized in that: An outer conical surface (28) with an annular protrusion is provided on the nozzle body (21), and the bottom circular hole of the sleeve (23) has a matching inner conical surface.

4. A pressure generating device, characterized in that: It includes an upper plate (3) and a lower plate (4), and at least one tubular hydraulic bladder as described in any one of claims 1 - 3 is provided between the upper plate (3) and the lower plate (4).

5. The pressure generating device according to claim 4, wherein: At least one bladder groove (5) is provided on the lower surface of the upper plate (3), and at least one bladder groove (5) is provided on the upper surface of the lower plate (4); the bladder grooves (5) are vertically corresponding and parallel to each other, and the tubular hydraulic bladder is arranged in the bladder groove (5), and the end bladder nozzles (2) of the tubular hydraulic bladder are fixed at both ends of the upper plate (3) and the lower plate (4) by clamps or pipe clips (7).

6. The pressure generating device according to claim 5, wherein: A gasket body (6) is arranged in the bladder groove (5), the surface of the gasket body (6) is arc-shaped and concave-convex wavy, and the concave-convex parts of the gasket bodies (6) in the vertically corresponding bladder grooves (5) are complementary to each other, squeezing the bladder body (1) to be wavy in the longitudinal direction when not under pressure.

7. The pressure generating device according to claim 5, wherein: When there are multiple bladder grooves (5) on the upper plate (3) and the lower plate (4), the adjacent bladder grooves (5) are arranged closely, the corresponding bladder grooves (5) are aligned directly with each other, or are inserted and aligned with a stagger of 1 / 2 bladder groove width left and right.

8. The pressure generating device according to claim 7, wherein: When there are multiple bladder grooves (5) on the upper plate (3) and the lower plate (4), a number of vertically opposite openings are provided on the upper plate (3) and the lower plate (4), and a number of columns (8) pass through the holes, and at least one of the upper plate (3) and the lower plate (4) can slide up and down along the columns (8), and a return spring (9) for clamping the upper plate (3) and the lower plate (4) together is arranged on the columns (8).

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