Self-locating pin shaft and shaft hole installation structure

Abstract

The present invention relates to a self-positioning pin shaft and its shaft hole mounting structure, wherein the self-positioning pin shaft comprises a pin shaft body, the pin shaft body comprises a middle section, a left section and a right section, and a positioning groove is provided on the left and right sections, and the positioning groove extends along an arc shape on a plane perpendicular to the axis center line of the middle section, and one end of the middle section is coaxially provided with an inner hole, and the inner hole passes through the end surface of the corresponding end of the pin shaft body, a motor sleeve is rotatably supported in the inner hole, and a driving motor is coaxially fixedly installed in the motor sleeve, and the output shaft of the driving motor is spline-connected with the bottom surface of the inner hole; the shaft hole mounting structure comprises a pin hole and the self-positioning pin shaft, the middle section is installed in cooperation with the pin hole shaft hole, a snap ring is fixed on one or two end surfaces of the part where the pin hole is located, and the fan-shaped hook on the snap ring is just concentrically embedded in the positioning groove on the corresponding end of the pin shaft body in the locked state. The present invention can realize intelligent assembly positioning, reduce the labor intensity of personnel, and improve work efficiency and positioning reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a pin shaft with a self-positioning function and a shaft hole installation structure involving the pin shaft, belonging to the technical field of mechanical positioning. Background Art

[0002] With the development of industry, mechanical pin positioning technology is widely used. The current common pin positioning methods include positioning the pin by manual assembly using cover plates, clamps, positioning pins, etc. These positioning methods are inefficient, labor-intensive, and have low safety performance, especially when applied to mechanical equipment such as lifting and locking of coal mining machine top guard plates, locking of rotating test benches, and locking of lifting equipment. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-positioning pin shaft and an axis hole installation structure thereof, which can realize intelligent assembly positioning, thereby reducing the labor intensity of personnel and improving work efficiency and positioning reliability.

[0004] The main technical solutions of the present invention are:

[0005] A self-locating pin shaft comprises a pin shaft body, a driving motor and a motor sleeve, wherein the pin shaft body comprises a middle section in a matching relationship with a pin hole, and further comprises a right section located at the right end of the middle section, or comprises a left section and a right section located at the left end and the right end of the middle section respectively; a positioning groove is provided on each of the left section and the right section, and the positioning groove extends along an arc shape on a plane perpendicular to the axis of the middle section, the center of the arc shape is located on the axis of the middle section, and at least one end of the positioning groove is open; when the left section and the right section are included at the same time, the left section and the right section are respectively provided with a positioning groove ... The radial outer contour of at least one of the left and right sections does not exceed the radial outer contour of the corresponding end portion of the middle section. One end of the middle section is coaxially provided with an inner hole. When the end of the middle section is provided with a left section or a right section, the inner hole extends outwardly through the end surface of the left section or the right section. The motor sleeve is rotatably supported in the inner hole, and the drive motor is coaxially fixedly installed in the motor sleeve. A spline hole is axially provided at the center of the bottom surface of the inner hole, and the output shaft of the drive motor is inserted into the spline hole and spline-connected with the pin shaft body.

[0006] A displacement sensor and a pressure sensor are installed in the positioning groove, and the sensing signals of the displacement sensor and the pressure sensor are output to a single chip microcomputer, and the single chip microcomputer controls the start and stop of the driving motor.

[0007] The hole wall of the inner hole is provided with inner and outer annular grooves, the outer rings of two sets of bearings are correspondingly embedded in the annular grooves, and the inner rings of the two sets of bearings are fixedly mounted on the motor sleeve.

[0008] The outside of the motor sleeve is also fixedly mounted with a first distance sleeve, a second distance sleeve and a third distance sleeve. Axially, the second distance sleeve is located between the two groups of bearings, the first distance sleeve is located on the inner side of the inner bearing, and the third distance sleeve is located on the outer side of the outer bearing. The first distance sleeve, the second distance sleeve and the third distance sleeve are axially abutted against the corresponding inner rings of the bearings and have no contact with the outer rings of the corresponding bearings.

[0009] The single-chip microcomputer is preferably connected to the driving module of the driving motor through a self-locking control circuit; the self-locking control circuit includes a first transistor, a second transistor, a first relay and a second relay, the bases of the first transistor and the second transistor are respectively connected to the signal output end of the single-chip microcomputer, one of the other two ends of the first transistor is connected to the live wire of the power supply, and the other end is connected to the neutral wire of the power supply via the coil of the first relay, one of the other two ends of the second transistor is connected to the live wire of the power supply via the first normally open contact of the first relay, and the other end is connected to the neutral wire of the power supply via the coil of the second relay, the second normally open contact of the first relay is connected in parallel with the first normally open contact of the first relay, and the normally open contact of the second relay is connected in series with the driving module of the driving motor between the live wire and the neutral wire of the power supply.

[0010] The drive motor may also be provided with a manual switch, and the manual switch is connected in series to the branch where the drive module of the drive motor is located.

[0011] A self-locating pin shaft shaft hole installation structure includes a pin hole and the above-mentioned self-locating pin shaft, the middle section is installed in cooperation with the pin hole shaft hole, a retaining ring is fixed on one or two end faces of the part where the pin hole is located close to the end of the pin shaft body, and the retaining ring is provided with a cantilevered fan-shaped ring hook. In the installed state, the retaining ring hook is just concentrically embedded in the positioning groove on the corresponding end of the pin shaft body.

[0012] The thickness of the hook is less than the width of the positioning groove on the corresponding end by less than 0.5 mm.

[0013] When the clamping rings are provided at both ends of the pin hole, the axial distance between the two clamping hooks is equal to the axial distance between the two positioning grooves.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0015] The present invention can realize the intelligent positioning and locking of the pin shaft installation, and the pin shaft positioning can be automated, thereby greatly reducing the labor intensity of personnel, and because the positioning process determines the positioning situation through the actual measured position and pressure, the positioning reliability is higher, especially in complex and harsh use environments, it has incomparable advantages, and can also greatly reduce the safety risks of personnel in situations where high-altitude operations are required. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the self-locating pin shaft of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the pin body;

[0018] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Left view of

[0019] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a shaft hole that cooperates with the self-locating pin shaft of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5a is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the snap ring;

[0021] Figure 5b yes Figure 5a A top view of

[0022] Figure 5c yes Figure 5a Left view of

[0023] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of one end of the self-locating pin shaft when it is installed in the pin hole and has not yet rotated;

[0024] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 The end portion shown is a schematic diagram of a state after the self-locating pin shaft is rotated clockwise and locked;

[0025] Figure 8 1 is a circuit schematic diagram of the self-locking control circuit. Description of the drawings:

[0027] 1. Pin shaft; 11. Pin shaft body; 111. Middle section; 112. Left section; 113. Right section; 114. Positioning groove; 12. First distance sleeve; 13. First bearing; 14. Second distance sleeve; 15. Motor sleeve; 16. Second bearing; 17. Third distance sleeve; 18. Screw; 19. Driving motor;

[0028] 2. Shaft hole; 21. Snap ring; 211. Hook. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention discloses a self-locating pin shaft 1, such as Figure 1-3As shown, it includes a pin body 11, a drive motor 19 and a motor sleeve 15. The pin body includes a middle section 111 in a matching relationship with the pin hole, and also includes a right section 113 located at the right end of the middle section, or includes a left section 112 and a right section 113 located at the left and right ends of the middle section respectively. A positioning groove 114 is provided on each of the left section and the right section, and the positioning groove extends along an arc shape on a plane perpendicular to the axis of the middle section, and the center of the arc shape is located on the axis of the middle section. At least one end of the positioning groove is open. When the left section and the right section are included at the same time, the radial outer contour of at least one of the left section and the right section does not exceed the radial outer contour of the corresponding end of the middle section. One end of the middle section is coaxially provided with an inner hole, and when the end of the middle section is provided with a left section or a right section, the inner hole extends outwardly through the end surface of the left section or the right section. The motor sleeve can be rotatably supported in the inner hole by a first bearing 13 and a second bearing 16. The drive motor is coaxially fixedly installed in the motor sleeve, so that the drive motor and the motor sleeve can rotate synchronously with respect to the pin shaft body. A spline hole is axially arranged at the center of the bottom surface of the inner hole, and the output shaft of the drive motor is inserted into the spline hole and spline-connected with the pin shaft body, so that the pin shaft body can rotate under the drive of the drive motor.

[0030] Regarding the radial size relationship between the left section and the right section compared to the middle section, when only the right section is included, the radial outer contour of the right section may not exceed the outer contour of the right end of the middle section, but preferably exceeds the outer contour of the right end of the middle section, so that the right section can be conveniently used for axial positioning when installing the pin body. When both the left section and the right section are included, the radial outer contours of the left section and the right section may not exceed the radial outer contours of the left end and the right end of the middle section, respectively, or the radial outer contour of the left section may not exceed the radial outer contour of the left end of the middle section, while the radial outer contour of the right section exceeds the radial outer contour of the right end of the middle section.

[0031] Regarding the inner hole, when only the right section is included, the inner hole is preferably arranged at the right end of the middle section. When both the left section and the right section are included, the inner hole is preferably arranged at the end of the middle section with a larger diameter.

[0032] There is no limitation on the appearance of the left and right segments.

[0033] The positioning groove is a groove on both side walls. Regarding the opening of the positioning groove, one end can be open and the other end can be closed, or both ends can be open. In this case, the positioning groove is a through groove. The positioning groove is preferably an open groove to facilitate processing, and the open part is located on the radial outer surface of the left section and the right section. When it is not open, it can also be called a positioning hole.

[0034] The positioning groove can be used to lock the circumferential position of the self-positioning pin after the shaft hole is matched. It is a locking structure provided on the pin body. As long as a simple structure is matched on the pin hole, locking can be achieved by rotating the pin body by a certain angle. The operation is simple and quick.

[0035] A displacement sensor and a pressure sensor are installed in the positioning groove. The sensing signals of the displacement sensor and the pressure sensor are output to a single chip microcomputer, and then the single chip microcomputer is used to control the start and stop of the drive motor. The single chip microcomputer collects the monitoring values ​​of the displacement sensor and the pressure sensor. When the monitoring displacement value reaches the corresponding preset standard value, the single chip microcomputer controls the drive motor to work, and the drive motor drives the pin shaft to rotate. When the monitoring pressure value reaches the corresponding preset standard value, the single chip microcomputer controls the drive motor to stop rotating. At this time, it is considered that the self-positioning pin shaft has been installed in place and the position locking has been completed. The single chip microcomputer is usually installed in an independently set central console.

[0036] When the monitored pressure value is less than the corresponding preset standard value due to other factors, the single chip microcomputer controls the drive motor to work again until the monitored pressure value reaches the corresponding preset standard value, and the single chip microcomputer controls the drive motor to stop working, thereby ensuring that the pin shaft will not fail to self-position due to factors such as vibration. It can be seen that the self-positioning pin shaft can achieve intelligent positioning and locking with high reliability. Therefore, the self-positioning pin shaft has obvious advantages when used in occasions with large vibration and inconvenient manual installation. It can not only significantly reduce the work intensity of the installation operator and improve their work safety, but also significantly improve the working reliability of the pin connection structure.

[0037] The inner hole wall may be provided with inner and outer annular grooves. The motor sleeve is rotatably supported in the inner hole by the first bearing 13 and the second bearing 16. The outer ring of the corresponding bearing is correspondingly embedded in the annular groove. The annular groove is used for axial positioning of the outer ring of the bearing. The inner ring of the corresponding bearing is fixedly mounted on the motor sleeve.

[0038] The first distance sleeve 12, the second distance sleeve 14 and the third distance sleeve 17 are fixedly installed on the outside of the motor sleeve by screws 18. The second distance sleeve is located between the two sets of bearings in the axial direction, the first distance sleeve is located on the inner side of the inner bearing, and the third distance sleeve is located on the outer side of the outer bearing. The first distance sleeve, the second distance sleeve and the third distance sleeve are axially abutted against the corresponding inner ring of the bearing and do not contact the outer ring of the corresponding bearing. The first distance sleeve, the second distance sleeve and the third distance sleeve are used for axial positioning of the inner ring of the corresponding bearing.

[0039] The arc center angle of the positioning groove is preferably between 60-90 degrees.

[0040] When the radial outer contour of the right section exceeds the radial outer contour of the right end of the middle section, the middle section can adopt an equal-diameter shaft structure or a stepped shaft structure with a smaller left side and a larger right side. Figure 1 , 2 The embodiment shown is that the middle section adopts a stepped shaft structure with a small left and a large right, and there are both a left section and a right section. At this time, the inner hole is preferably arranged at the right end of the middle section.

[0041] Regardless of whether there is only the right section or both the left section and the right section exist, the left section and the right section are preferably semi-cylindrical structures coaxial with the middle section for ease of manufacturing.

[0042] Furthermore, for the case where both the left segment and the right segment are included, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, the circumferential positions of the left section and the right section are preferably 180 degrees apart, the opening ends of the positioning grooves on the left section and the right section are located on the side plane of the semi-cylindrical structure where they are located, and the circumferential positions of an opening end of the positioning groove on the left section and an opening end of the positioning groove on the right section are also preferably 180 degrees apart, so that the locking of the left and right ends of the pin shaft body is more balanced in the radial direction.

[0043] The single chip microcomputer is preferably connected to the driving module of the driving motor through a self-locking control circuit. Figure 8 As shown, the self-locking control circuit includes a first transistor T1, a second transistor T2, a first relay KM1 and a second relay KM2. The bases of the first transistor T1 and the second transistor T2 are respectively connected to the signal output end of the single chip microcomputer, and the single chip microcomputer controls the conduction and cutoff of the first transistor T1 and the second transistor T2. One end of the other two ends of the first transistor is connected to the live wire L of the power supply, and the other end is connected to the neutral wire N of the power supply through the coil of the first relay KM1. One end of the other two ends of the second transistor T2 is connected to the live wire L of the power supply through the first normally open contact KM11 of the first relay KM1, and the other end is connected to the neutral wire N of the power supply through the coil of the second relay KM2. The second normally open contact KM12 of the first relay is connected in parallel with the first normally open contact KM11 of the first relay. The normally open contact KM21 of the second relay KM2 is connected in series with the driving module of the driving motor between the live wire L and the neutral wire N of the power supply.

[0044] The single-chip microcomputer, the first transistor and the first relay form the first-level control circuit, and the single-chip microcomputer, the second transistor and the second relay form the second-level control circuit. The single-chip microcomputer controls the first transistor T1 so that the coil of the first relay KM1 is energized, and then the first normally open contact KM11 and the second normally open contact KM12 of the first relay are closed successively, so as to realize the self-locking of the first-level control circuit, ensure the stability after the circuit is connected, provide a stable working circuit for the second relay, and then ensure the stability of the connected state of the second-level control circuit. The single-chip microcomputer controls the second transistor T2 so that the coil of the second relay KM2 is de-energized, thereby controlling the automatic start and stop of the drive motor. By setting the first relay self-locking circuit, the stability of the first-level control circuit after the connection is ensured, and even if the self-positioning pin shaft works in an environment with large vibration, the connection of the second-level control circuit can be ensured.

[0045] The drive motor may also be provided with a manual switch K, which is connected in series to the branch where the drive module of the drive motor is located, specifically between the drive module and the neutral line N of the power supply in this embodiment. When the self-positioning pin is disassembled, the manual switch K can be manually toggled to reset the drive motor.

[0046] The self-locating pin shaft can realize intelligent positioning and locking, has a high degree of automation, and reduces the labor intensity of personnel. For situations involving high-altitude operations, the safety risks of personnel can be greatly reduced.

[0047] Since the positioning situation is determined by measuring the position and pressure during the positioning process, the positioning reliability of the self-positioning pin is very high, especially in complex and harsh use environments, such as when used in various special equipment related to coal mining.

[0048] The present invention also discloses a self-positioning pin shaft hole installation structure, such as Figure 4-7 As shown, it includes a pin hole 2 and the above-mentioned self-locating pin shaft 1, and the middle section is installed in cooperation with the pin hole shaft hole. A snap ring 21 is fixed to one or both end faces of the part where the pin hole is located near the end of the pin shaft body. Usually, the one end face with a snap ring is installed in cooperation with the pin shaft body with only the right section, and the two end faces with snap rings are installed in cooperation with the pin shaft body including both the left section and the right section. The snap ring is provided with a cantilevered fan-shaped hook 211. The radius of the hook is equal to the arc radius of the positioning groove on the corresponding end of the pin shaft body. When the snap ring is installed, it should be ensured that the center of the hook is located on the axis line of the middle section. In the installed state, the hook of the snap ring is just concentrically embedded in the positioning groove on the corresponding end of the pin shaft body, thereby realizing the locking of the pin shaft.

[0049] When the clamping rings are provided at both ends of the pin hole, the circumferential extension directions of the clamping hooks of the left and right clamping rings from the axial perspective of one end of the pin shaft body should be set to the same rotation direction.

[0050] The pin hole may be a through hole or a blind hole.

[0051] In order to adapt to the structure of the pin shaft body, when the pin shaft body is a stepped shaft structure, the pin hole is also configured as a stepped hole.

[0052] The clamping ring is preferably a sheet-like structure with uniform thickness.

[0053] The thickness of the hook is preferably less than the width of the positioning groove on the corresponding end by less than 0.5 mm, so that the hook can move in and out of the positioning groove freely.

[0054] When the clamp rings are provided at both ends of the pin hole, the axial distance between the two hooks is equal to the axial distance between the two positioning grooves. The measurement basis of the axial distance is the central plane of the hook thickness direction and the central plane of the positioning groove width direction.

[0055] The snap ring includes a fixing portion and a hook. The fixing portion is mainly used for the installation of the snap ring and may be provided with some screw holes. One end of the hook is connected to a side plane of the fixing portion. When the left section or the right section is a semi-cylindrical structure coaxial with the middle section, the tangent direction of the hook at the corresponding end at the connection point with the fixing portion is preferably perpendicular to the side plane. When the hook is inserted into the positioning groove to the bottom, the left section or the right section can be reliably fitted with the corresponding side plane on the fixing portion, which is conducive to maintaining the stable position of the pin when it is installed in place.

[0056] The terms left and right in this article are for the convenience of expression and are not intended to limit the actual positions of the relevant structures, i.e., left and right can be swapped.

Claims

1. A self-locating pin shaft hole installation structure, characterized in that: It includes a pin hole and a self-locating pin shaft, the self-locating pin shaft includes a pin shaft body, a driving motor and a motor sleeve, the pin shaft body includes a middle section in a matching relationship with the pin hole, and also includes a right section located at the right end of the middle section, or includes a left section and a right section located at the left end and the right end of the middle section respectively; a positioning groove is provided on the left section and the right section, the positioning groove extends along an arc shape on a plane perpendicular to the axis center line of the middle section, the center of the arc shape is located on the axis center line of the middle section, and at least one end of the positioning groove is open; when the left section and the right section are included at the same time, the radial outer contour of at least one of the left section and the right section does not exceed the radial outer contour of the corresponding end portion of the middle section, one end of the middle section is coaxially provided with an inner hole, when the end of the middle section is provided with a left section or a right section, the inner hole extends outwardly through the end face of the left section or the right section, the motor sleeve is rotatably supported in the inner hole, the driving motor is coaxially fixedly installed in the motor sleeve, and the center of the bottom surface of the inner hole is along A spline hole is provided axially, the output shaft of the driving motor is inserted into the spline hole and spline-connected with the pin shaft body, the middle section is installed in cooperation with the pin hole shaft hole, a clamp ring is fixed on one or two end faces of the part where the pin hole is located close to the end of the pin shaft body, and a section of overhanging fan-shaped hook is provided on the clamp ring. In the installed state, the hook of the clamp ring is just concentrically embedded in the positioning groove on the corresponding end of the pin shaft body; a displacement sensor and a pressure sensor are installed in the positioning groove, and the sensing signals of the displacement sensor and the pressure sensor are output to a single-chip microcomputer, and then the single-chip microcomputer is used to control the start and stop of the driving motor. The single-chip microcomputer collects monitoring values ​​of the displacement sensor and the pressure sensor. When the monitored displacement value reaches the corresponding preset standard value, the single-chip microcomputer controls the driving motor to work, and the driving motor drives the pin shaft to rotate. When the monitored pressure value reaches the corresponding preset standard value, the single-chip microcomputer controls the driving motor to stop rotating.

2. The self-locating pin shaft hole installation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hole wall of the inner hole is provided with inner and outer annular grooves, the outer rings of the two sets of bearings are correspondingly embedded in the annular grooves, and the inner rings of the two sets of bearings are fixedly installed on the motor sleeve.

3. The self-locating pin shaft hole installation structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outside of the motor sleeve is also fixedly mounted with a first distance sleeve, a second distance sleeve and a third distance sleeve. Axially, the second distance sleeve is located between the two groups of bearings, the first distance sleeve is located on the inner side of the inner bearing, and the third distance sleeve is located on the outer side of the outer bearing. The first distance sleeve, the second distance sleeve and the third distance sleeve are axially abutted against the corresponding inner rings of the bearings and have no contact with the outer rings of the corresponding bearings.

4. The self-locating pin shaft hole installation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc center angle of the positioning groove is between 60 and 90 degrees.

5. The self-locating pin shaft hole installation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the radial outer contour of the right section exceeds the radial outer contour of the right end of the middle section, the middle section adopts an equal-diameter shaft structure or a stepped shaft structure with a smaller left side and a larger right side.

6. The self-locating pin shaft hole installation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left section and the right section are both semi-cylindrical structures coaxial with the middle section.

7. The self-locating pin shaft hole installation structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the left section and the right section are included at the same time, the circumferential positions of the left section and the right section differ by 180 degrees, the opening ends of the positioning grooves on the left section and the right section are located on the side plane of the semi-cylindrical structure where they are located, and the circumferential positions of an opening end of the positioning groove on the left section and an opening end of the positioning groove on the right section differ by 180 degrees.

8. The self-locating pin shaft hole mounting structure according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that: The single-chip microcomputer is connected to the driving module of the driving motor through a self-locking control circuit; the self-locking control circuit includes a first transistor, a second transistor, a first relay and a second relay, the bases of the first transistor and the second transistor are respectively connected to the signal output end of the single-chip microcomputer, one end of the other two ends of the first transistor is connected to the live wire of the power supply, and the other end is connected to the neutral wire of the power supply via the coil of the first relay, one end of the other two ends of the second transistor is connected to the live wire of the power supply via the first normally open contact of the first relay, and the other end is connected to the neutral wire of the power supply via the coil of the second relay, the second normally open contact of the first relay is connected in parallel with the first normally open contact of the first relay, and the normally open contact of the second relay is connected in series with the driving module of the driving motor between the live wire and the neutral wire of the power supply.

9. The self-locating pin shaft hole installation structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The drive motor is also provided with a manual switch, and the manual switch is connected in series to the branch where the drive module of the drive motor is located.

10. The self-locating pin shaft hole installation structure according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that: The thickness of the hook is less than the width of the positioning groove on the corresponding end by less than 0.5 mm.

11. The self-locating pin shaft hole installation structure according to claim 10, characterized in that: When the clamping rings are provided at both ends of the pin hole, the axial distance between the two clamping hooks is equal to the axial distance between the two positioning grooves.

12. The self-locating pin shaft hole installation structure according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that: The snap ring includes a fixing portion and a hook, one end of the hook is connected to a side plane of the fixing portion, and when the left section or the right section is a semi-cylindrical structure coaxial with the middle section, the tangent direction of the hook at the connection point with the fixing portion is perpendicular to the side plane.

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