Interlocking - Monomer Prefabricated Block Embedded Anti - Ship Anchor Underwater Pipeline Protection Structure and Construction Method

Abstract

The present invention provides an interlocking - monomer precast block embedded underwater pipeline protection structure against ship anchors, which includes a central layer on both sides of the pipeline. A transition layer is provided outside the central layer. The central layer and the transition layer have the same structure and respectively include a plurality of longitudinally arranged and adjacent - connected interlocking precast blocks. An anti - lifting layer is provided outside the transition layer, and the anti - lifting layer includes a plurality of first monomer precast blocks arranged longitudinally. An anti - ship - anchor penetration layer is provided above the central layer, the transition layer and the pipeline, and the anti - ship - anchor penetration layer includes a plurality of second monomer precast blocks. The present invention also provides a construction method for the above - mentioned underwater pipeline protection structure. The structure of the present invention is simple, with a relatively low cost, stable and reliable, easy to install, and has good resistance to the action modes of ship anchors such as dragging, lifting, and penetration damage. The anti - ship - anchor action ability is comprehensive, and the protection effect is excellent. After a single ship - anchor damage accident occurs, individual monomer precast blocks on the periphery are damaged, which has no impact on the overall structure, and the repair of the monomer precast blocks is simple.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an underwater pipeline protection structure against the harm of ship anchors, in particular to an interlocking - single - body precast block embedded underwater pipeline protection structure against ship anchors and a construction method thereof, which are used for protecting power transmission cables, communication optical cables, oil and gas pipelines and other pipelines, cable facilities, etc. in river, lake and marine environments. Background Art

[0002] According to statistics, the main culprit for the damage of submarine cables, optical cables, etc. internationally is ship anchors. More than 70% of all cable failures are caused by ships dropping anchors. In addition, accidents of underwater pipelines being damaged by ship anchors also occur from time to time. The uncertainty of the anchor - dropping point of ship anchors and their large destructive force pose a great threat to submarine pipelines. Due to geological conditions and other reasons, some underwater pipelines cannot be buried for protection. Especially for pipelines crossing navigation channels, due to factors such as high water flow velocity and requirements for water depth in the navigation channel, it is extremely difficult to protect the pipelines against the harm of ship anchors.

[0003] The specification of the Chinese invention patent application with the application number 201710014509.5 discloses an evaluation method for the potential anchor damage of ships to submarine cables, and its specific steps are as follows: S1: Anchor - dropping operation; S2: Calculation of the initial kinetic energy of the ship anchor; S3: Calculation of water resistance; S4: Calculation of the impact energy of the ship anchor; S5: Calculation of the maximum impact energy that the submarine pipeline can withstand; S6: Selection of the anchoring point. Although this invention determines the optimal anchor - dropping and mooring point of the ship by comparing and analyzing the data calculated through experiments and the maximum impact force that the submarine pipeline at the bottom of the actual sea area can withstand, so as to reduce the damage of the submarine pipeline caused by the impact of the ship anchor thrown by the ship, however, in the actual environment, it is very difficult to accurately evaluate the optimal anchor - dropping and mooring point of the ship and prevent the phenomenon of ship anchors damaging submarine cables.

[0004] The specification of the Chinese utility model patent application with the application number 201520421749.3 discloses a submarine cable protection device with a rock - based seabed fiberglass protection pipe covering a rubble prism, including: a submarine cable, a haff - type ball - hinge shock - absorbing high - strength fiberglass protection pipe, a triangular - prism rubble protection layer, a quadrangular - prism rubble protection layer, and reefs and rock bases. It is characterized in that: the surface of the submarine cable is sleeved with a haff - type ball - hinge shock - absorbing high - strength fiberglass protection pipe, and the submarine cable with the haff - type ball - hinge shock - absorbing high - strength fiberglass protection pipe sleeved on its surface is laid on the reef and rock - based seabed; the haff - type ball - hinge shock - absorbing high - strength fiberglass protection pipe is covered with a triangular - prism rubble protection layer, and the triangular - prism rubble protection layer is covered with a quadrangular - prism rubble protection layer. Although this utility model can protect submarine cables, the construction of the triangular - prism rubble protection layer and the quadrangular - prism rubble protection layer is difficult, and it is extremely inconvenient to repair after being damaged by ship anchors. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The first technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an interlocking - monomer precast block embedded anti - ship - anchor underwater pipeline protection structure to overcome the above - mentioned defects of the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an interlocking - monomer precast block embedded anti - ship - anchor underwater pipeline protection structure. The pipeline is arranged on the bed surface and includes central layers on both sides of the pipeline. A transition layer is provided outside the central layer. The central layer and the transition layer have the same structure and each includes a plurality of longitudinally arranged and adjacent - connected interlocking precast blocks. The central layer and the transition layer together form an anti - drag layer. An anti - uplift layer is provided outside the transition layer. The anti - uplift layer includes a plurality of first monomer precast blocks arranged longitudinally; an anti - penetration layer is provided above the central layer, the transition layer and the pipeline. The anti - penetration layer includes a plurality of second monomer precast blocks.

[0007] Preferably, the transition layer is arranged in a butt - joint and parallel manner with the central layer.

[0008] Preferably, adjacent interlocking precast blocks are connected end - to - end through a lock to form an interlocking structure.

[0009] Preferably, a slot is provided at one end of the interlocking precast block, and a plug is provided at the other end. The slot of one interlocking precast block cooperates with the plug of the adjacent interlocking precast block to form a lock.

[0010] Preferably, a gap is left between the inner wall of the slot and the outer wall of the plug.

[0011] Preferably, the plurality of second monomer precast blocks are arranged longitudinally.

[0012] Preferably, the anti - uplift layer is arranged in a butt - joint manner with the transition layer.

[0013] Preferably, the total width from the left end of the left - hand transition layer to the right end of the right - hand transition layer is the same as the width of the anti - penetration layer.

[0014] Preferably, the interlocking precast blocks, the first monomer precast blocks and the second monomer precast blocks are all made of concrete.

[0015] The second technical problem to be solved by the present invention is a construction method for the interlocking - monomer precast block embedded anti - ship - anchor underwater pipeline protection structure, including the following steps:

[0016] S1. Install single interlocking precast blocks in sequence on both sides of the underwater pipeline and connect them end - to - end through locks to form an integral central layer;

[0017] S2. Install single interlocking precast blocks in sequence on both sides of the central layer and connect them end - to - end through locks to form an integral transition layer;

[0018] S3. Install single first monomer precast blocks on both sides of the transition layer in sequence to form an anti-lifting layer;

[0019] S4. Install single second monomer precast blocks on the anti-dragging layer in sequence to form an anti-penetration layer.

[0020] As described above, the interlocking - monomer precast block embedded anti-ship-anchor underwater pipeline protection structure and construction method involved in the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. It has strong ability to resist the action of water flow and waves and good integrity.

[0022] 2. The cross-sectional shape of the structure is relatively small, especially the height of the underwater foundation bed surface is small, and it has little influence on the flow cross-section and the net water depth.

[0023] 3. It has good resistance to the action modes of ship anchors such as dragging, lifting, and penetration damage, has a comprehensive anti-ship-anchor action ability, and has an excellent protection effect.

[0024] 4. After a single ship-anchor damage accident occurs, individual monomer precast blocks on the periphery are damaged, which has no influence on the overall structure, and the repair of the monomer precast blocks is simple.

[0025] 5. The structure is simple, the cost is relatively low, it is stable and reliable, and the installation is convenient. Description of the Drawings

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 It is Figure 1 the cross-sectional view in the direction of Ⅰ-Ⅰ in

[0028] Figure 3 It is Figure 1 the cross-sectional view in the direction of Ⅱ-Ⅱ in

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first monomer precast block or the second monomer precast block.

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the interlocking precast block.

[0031] Figure 6 It is Figure 5 the enlarged view of the circle A in

[0032] Figure 7 It is Figure 5 the enlarged view of the circle B in

[0033] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the locking buckle.

[0034] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the anti-ship-anchor dragging damage principle of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the anti - uplift destruction principle of the present invention Figure One 。

[0036] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the anti - uplift destruction principle of the present invention Figure Two 。

[0037] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the anti - uplift destruction principle of the present invention Figure Three 。

[0038] Description of component labels

[0039] 1 Pipeline

[0040] 2 Bed surface

[0041] 3 Anti - drag layer

[0042] 31 Central layer

[0043] 32 Transition layer

[0044] 4 Interlocking precast block

[0045] 41 Lock

[0046] 411 Card slot

[0047] 412 Bolt

[0048] 5 Anti - uplift layer

[0049] 51 First single - body precast block

[0050] 6 Anti - penetration layer

[0051] 61 Second single - body precast block

[0052] 7 Ship anchor Specific implementation mode

[0053] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation mode of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0054] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings of this specification are only used to cooperate with the content disclosed in the specification for those skilled in this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Therefore, they do not have any substantial technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change in the proportional relationship, or adjustment of the size, without affecting the efficacy that the present invention can produce and the purpose that can be achieved, should still fall within the scope that can be covered by the technical content disclosed in the present invention. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle", etc. cited in this specification are only for the convenience of clear description and are not used to limit the scope under which the present invention can be implemented. The change or adjustment of their relative relationship, without substantial change in the technical content, should also be regarded as the scope under which the present invention can be implemented.

[0055] As Figures 1 to 5 shown, the present invention provides an interlocking - monomer precast block embedded underwater pipeline protection structure. The underwater pipeline 1 is arranged on the bed surface 2. Central layers 31 are respectively arranged on both sides of the pipeline 1. The central layer 31 includes a plurality of longitudinally arranged and adjacent - connected interlocking precast blocks 4, and the central layer 31 is arranged closely adjacent to both sides of the underwater pipeline 1. A transition layer 32 is arranged in parallel on the outer side of the central layer 31. The transition layer 32 is arranged in a butt - joint parallel manner with the central layer 31. The transition layer 32 includes a plurality of longitudinally arranged and adjacent - connected interlocking precast blocks 4. The central layer 31 and the transition layer 32 form an anti - drag layer 3. When a horizontal force acts on the transition layer 32, the force received by a single interlocking precast block 4 is evenly diffused and transmitted to the central layer 31, improving the overall horizontal stiffness. An anti - uplift layer 5 is arranged on the outer side of the transition layer 32. The anti - uplift layer 5 is arranged in a butt - joint manner with the transition layer 32. The anti - uplift layer 5 includes a plurality of first monomer precast blocks 51 arranged longitudinally. An anti - penetration layer 6 is arranged above the central layer 31, the transition layer 32 and the pipeline 1. The anti - penetration layer 6 includes a plurality of second monomer precast blocks 61. In the present invention, the interlocking precast blocks 4, the first monomer precast blocks 51 and the second monomer precast blocks 61 are connected and embedded according to a certain rule to form a structure body. The anti - drag layer 3 has good integrity and horizontal stiffness, forming the core of the entire underwater pipeline protection structure, and jointly relying on the friction force with the bed surface 2 to resist the horizontal drag force of the ship anchor 7 with the anti - uplift layer 5 and the anti - penetration layer 6.

[0056] As Figure 2 、 Figures 5 to 8As shown, preferably, the adjacent interlocking precast blocks 4 are connected end to end through the locking mechanisms 41 to form an interlocking structure, making the connection between adjacent interlocking precast blocks 4 more reliable. Preferably, a clamping groove 411 is provided at one end of the interlocking precast block 4, and a plug pin 412 is provided at the other end. The clamping groove 411 of one interlocking precast block 4 cooperates with the plug pin 412 of the adjacent interlocking precast block 4 to form the locking mechanism 41. Preferably, a gap is left between the inner wall of the clamping groove 411 and the outer wall of the plug pin 412, so that the size of the clamping groove 411 is larger than that of the plug pin 412, and the plug pin 412 has a certain movement space in the clamping groove 411, ensuring that the interlocking precast block 4 is easy to install and can adapt to terrain changes. In a preferred embodiment, as Figure 8 shown, the cross-section of the clamping groove 411 is waist-shaped, the cross-section of the plug pin 412 is circular, and the plug pin 412 can slide back and forth along the long axis direction of the clamping groove 411, facilitating the rapid installation of the interlocking precast block 4.

[0057] Preferably, a plurality of the second single precast blocks 61 are arranged longitudinally, and the total width from the left end of the left transition layer 32 to the right end of the right transition layer 32 is the same as the width of the anti-penetration layer 6. Preferably, the interlocking precast blocks 4, the first single precast blocks 51, and the second single precast blocks 61 are all made of concrete, with the same specifications and external dimensions, facilitating processing and installation.

[0058] The working principle of the anti-ship anchor of the present invention is as follows:

[0059] As Figure 9 shown, when the ship anchor 7 horizontally drags the anti-lifting layer 5, the horizontal acting force of the ship anchor 7 is transmitted through the first single precast block 51 of the anti-lifting layer 5 to the transition layer 32 of the anti-dragging layer 3 on the ship anchor acting side, and then diffuses to the central layer 31, and a part of the force is transmitted to the anti-dragging layer 3 and the anti-lifting layer 4 on the other side of the pipeline 1 through the friction between the anti-dragging layer 3 and the anti-penetration layer 6. The anti-dragging layer 3, the anti-lifting layer 5, and the anti-penetration layer 6 jointly resist the horizontal dragging action in an integral form, and the total friction force with the bed surface is greater than the horizontal dragging force of the ship anchor 7, preventing the ship anchor 7 from dragging and damaging the pipeline 1 along a horizontal trajectory.

[0060] As Figure 10 shown, when the dragging force of the ship anchor 7 continues to increase and the vertical component of the dragging force is greater than the gravity of the first single precast block 51 of the anti-lifting layer 5, the horizontal dragging force is still less than the total friction force between the anti-dragging layer 3, the anti-lifting layer 5, and the anti-penetration layer 6 and the bed surface 2, and the first single precast block 51 flips along the contact surface with the transition layer 32.

[0061] As Figure 11As shown, the first single-piece precast block 51 affected by the ship anchor 7 flips and detaches from the anti-lifting layer 5. The ship anchor 7 is lifted as the first single-piece precast block 51 flips, and its trajectory changes from horizontal pointing to the pipeline 1 to obliquely upward, avoiding the anti-dragging layer 3 and the pipeline 1, preventing the ship anchor 7 from lifting the anti-dragging layer and damaging the pipeline. The anti-penetration layer 6 should not press on the anti-lifting layer 5 to prevent it from interfering with the flipping and detachment of the first single-piece precast block 51 of the anti-lifting layer 5 and changing the movement trajectory of the ship anchor 7.

[0062] As Figure 12 shown, when the ship anchor 7 moves vertically towards the pipeline 1, the anti-penetration layer 6 dissipates the energy of the ship anchor 7 and transfers the acting force to the anti-dragging layer 3. The ship anchor only penetrates into the anti-penetration layer to a certain depth, without penetrating through and touching the pipeline, preventing the ship anchor from hitting and damaging the pipeline.

[0063] During the construction of the present invention, the specific steps are as follows:

[0064] S1. As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the central layer 31 is installed on both sides of the underwater pipeline 1 adjacent to it, and the single interlocking precast blocks 4 are installed in sequence and connected end to end by the locking clasps 41 to form the overall central layer 31;

[0065] S2. As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the transition layers 32 are installed in parallel on both sides of the central layer 31. The transition layers 32 and the central layer 31 are arranged in a butt joint manner. The single interlocking precast blocks 4 are installed in sequence and connected end to end by the locking clasps 41 to form the overall transition layers 32;

[0066] S3. As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the anti-lifting layers 5 are installed in parallel on both sides of the transition layers 32. The single first single-piece precast blocks 51 are installed in sequence to form the anti-lifting layers 5. The anti-lifting layers 5 and the transition layers 32 are arranged in a butt joint manner;

[0067] S4. As Figure 1 and Figure 3 shown, the anti-penetration layers 6 are installed vertically on the anti-dragging layers 3. The single second single-piece precast blocks 61 are installed in sequence to form the anti-penetration layers 6.

[0068] In summary, the present invention effectively overcomes various drawbacks in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.

[0069] The above embodiments are only illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Any person familiar with this technology can modify or change the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed by the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A chain - monomer precast block inter - embedded underwater pipeline protection structure, the pipeline (1) is arranged on the bed surface (2), and is characterized in that, It includes a central layer (31) located on both sides of the pipeline (1). An intermediate layer (32) is provided outside the central layer (31). The central layer (31) and the intermediate layer (32) have the same structure and respectively include a plurality of interlocking precast blocks (4) arranged longitudinally and connected adjacent to each other. The intermediate layer (32) is arranged in a butt joint and parallel to the central layer (31), jointly forming an anti-dragging layer (3); an anti-lifting layer (5) is provided outside the intermediate layer (32), and the anti-lifting layer (5) includes a plurality of first single precast blocks (51) arranged longitudinally; an anti-penetration layer (6) is provided above the central layer (31), the intermediate layer (32) and the pipeline (1), and the anti-penetration layer (6) includes a plurality of second single precast blocks (61), and the plurality of second single precast blocks (61) are arranged longitudinally; a clamping groove (411) is provided at one end of the interlocking precast block (4), and a plug pin (412) is provided at the other end. The clamping groove (411) of one interlocking precast block (4) cooperates with the plug pin (412) of the adjacent interlocking precast block (4) to form a locking buckle (41); the total width from the left end of the left intermediate layer (32) to the right end of the right intermediate layer (32) is the same as the width of the anti-penetration layer (6), and the anti-penetration layer (6) does not press on the anti-lifting layer (5).

2. The chain - monomer precast block inter - embedded underwater pipeline protection structure according to claim 1, wherein: The longitudinally adjacent interlocking precast blocks (4) are connected end to end through the locking buckle (41) to form an interlocking structure.

3. The chain - monomer precast block embedded underwater pipeline protection structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A gap is left between the inner wall of the clamping groove (411) and the outer wall of the plug pin (412).

4. The chain - monomer precast block embedded underwater pipeline protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-lifting layer (5) is arranged in a butt joint with the intermediate layer (32).

5. The chain - monomer precast block inter - embedded underwater pipeline protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interlocking precast blocks (4), the first single precast blocks (51) and the second single precast blocks (61) are all made of concrete.

6. A construction method of the chain - monomer precast block embedded underwater pipeline protection structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Install single interlocking precast blocks (4) sequentially on both sides of the underwater pipeline (1) and connect them end to end through the locking buckle (41) to form an integral central layer (31); S2. Install single interlocking precast blocks (4) sequentially on both sides of the central layer (31) and connect them end to end through the locking buckle (41) to form an integral intermediate layer (32); S3. Install single first single precast blocks (51) sequentially on both sides of the intermediate layer (32) to form an anti-lifting layer (5); S4. Install single second single precast blocks (61) sequentially on the anti-dragging layer (3) to form an anti-penetration layer (6).

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