An automatic braking device and a rail transport vehicle

Abstract

The present invention relates to an automatic braking device and a rail transport vehicle having the automatic braking device. The difference of the automatic braking device lies in that: it includes a friction wheel, a first transmission gear, a second transmission gear, a centrifugal clutch and an eccentric wheel which are arranged under the vehicle and are sequentially driven; the device further includes a wedge-shaped piece and tension springs symmetrically arranged on both sides of the wedge-shaped piece. The upper end of the wedge-shaped piece is rotatably connected under the vehicle, and the upper end of the tension spring is fixed under the vehicle and the lower end is fixed on the side surface of the wedge-shaped piece; under the action of the tension spring, the wedge-shaped piece can be lifted to contact with the eccentric wheel; when the eccentric wheel rotates with the driven part of the centrifugal clutch, the wedge-shaped piece is pushed to rotate downward and get stuck between the wheel and the ground. The present invention has a wide range of applications and can be applied to the field of rail transport vehicles. It not only has a simple structure, a small volume and a low production cost, but also can effectively achieve braking, has strong reliability and is safer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of vehicles, in particular to an automatic braking device and a rail transport vehicle having the automatic braking device. Background Art

[0002] The existing automatic brake devices are mainly used in the automotive field and other occasions, and the existing brake devices are combined with electronic devices and equipped with various sensors. There are few purely mechanical devices, and there are almost no automatic brake devices used on rail transport vehicles.

[0003] Since self-propelled and towed mountain rail transport vehicles cannot be monitored by people throughout the entire process, when a runaway accident occurs, it will cause certain economic losses or even vehicle destruction and death. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an automatic braking device with a wide range of applications, which can be applied to the field of rail transport vehicles. It not only has a simple structure, small size, and low production cost, but also can effectively achieve braking, has high reliability, and is safer.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is: an automatic braking device, which is different in that: it includes a friction wheel, a first transmission gear, a second transmission gear, a centrifugal clutch and an eccentric wheel which are arranged under the vehicle and transmit power in sequence; wherein the friction wheel can roll along the ground as the vehicle moves; the first transmission gear rotates synchronously with the friction wheel and meshes with the second transmission gear; the active part of the centrifugal clutch rotates synchronously with the second transmission gear, and the driven part of the centrifugal clutch is fixed to the eccentric wheel; the device also includes a wedge-shaped piece and a tension spring symmetrically arranged on both sides of the wedge-shaped piece, the upper end of the wedge-shaped piece is rotatably connected to the bottom of the vehicle, the upper end of the tension spring is fixed to the bottom of the vehicle, and the lower end is fixed to the side of the wedge-shaped piece; under the action of the tension spring, the wedge-shaped piece can be lifted up to contact with the eccentric wheel; when the eccentric wheel rotates with the driven part of the centrifugal clutch, the wedge-shaped piece is pushed downward to be stuck between the wheel and the ground.

[0006] According to the above technical solution, the device also includes a first rotating shaft and a second rotating shaft parallel to each other, and the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are respectively connected to the bottom of the vehicle, wherein the friction wheel and the first transmission gear are arranged on the first rotating shaft, and the second transmission gear, the centrifugal clutch and the eccentric wheel are arranged on the second rotating shaft.

[0007] According to the above technical solution, the device also includes first bases symmetrically fixed at intervals at the lower end of the vehicle, and the lower end of each first base is symmetrically provided with a first bearing seat, and the two ends of the second rotating shaft are respectively mounted on the two first bearing seats.

[0008] According to the above technical solution, the device further includes a support frame and a support plate; the support frame extends horizontally, one end of which is rotatably sleeved on the second rotating shaft, and the other end is fixed to the support plate; a second bearing seat is provided at the lower end of the support plate, the middle part of the first rotating shaft is mounted on the second bearing seat, and the first transmission gear and the friction wheel are respectively arranged at both ends of the first rotating shaft.

[0009] According to the above technical solution, the device further includes a compression spring, the upper end of the compression spring is fixed to the lower end of the vehicle, and the lower end of the compression spring is fixed to the support plate.

[0010] According to the above technical solution, the wedge-shaped piece is arranged corresponding to the rear wheel of the vehicle.

[0011] According to the above technical solution, the device further includes a second base fixed to the lower end of the vehicle and arranged above the rear wheel of the vehicle, and the upper end of the wedge-shaped piece and the second base are connected by a third rotating shaft.

[0012] According to the above technical solution, the wedge-shaped piece is configured as an upwardly convex arc-shaped sheet structure, its convex surface cooperates with the eccentric wheel, its concave surface cooperates with the wheel, and a clamping plane for cooperating with the ground is formed at its lower end.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial features of the present invention are as follows: This automatic braking device realizes the braking function by using a pure mechanical structure, with a simple structure, small volume, and low production cost; when a runaway accident occurs, the centrifugal clutch follower rotates with the centrifugal clutch driver, so that the eccentric wheel also rotates together. At this time, the wedge-shaped piece is pushed by the eccentric wheel and rotates downward to be stuck between the wheel and the ground, which can effectively realize braking, with strong reliability, higher safety, wide application range, and can be applied to the field of rail transport vehicles.

[0014] The present invention also provides a rail transport vehicle, which is different in that it includes a base, wheels, clamping wheels, and any one of the above automatic braking devices arranged at the lower end of the base. The clamping wheels are symmetrically located on both sides of the track. The clamping wheels have a wheel body capable of rolling along the side surface of the track and a limiting boss formed at the lower end of the wheel body. There is a gap between the upper end surface of the limiting boss and the lower end surface of the track. The ground is the upper end surface of the track. When the wedge-shaped piece rotates downward to be stuck between the wheel and the upper end surface of the track, the clamping wheels are lifted together with the rail transport vehicle to abut against the lower end surface of the track.

[0015] According to the above technical solution, the rail transport vehicle is a self-propelled rail transport vehicle. A groove structure for cooperating with the track rack is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the wheel, and a notch for making way for the track rack is provided on the wedge-shaped piece.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial features of the present invention are as follows: The rail transport vehicle realizes the braking function by using a pure mechanical structure. When a runaway accident occurs, the centrifugal clutch follower rotates with the centrifugal clutch driver, so that the eccentric wheel also rotates together. The wedge-shaped piece is pushed by the eccentric wheel and rotates downward to be stuck between the wheel and the upper end face of the rail, causing the clamping wheel to lift up and abut against the lower end face of the rail, which can effectively achieve braking, with strong reliability and higher safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 Left view of the first state of the automatic braking device according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 Right body view of the first state of the automatic braking device according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 Axonometric view of the first state of the automatic braking device according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 Left view of the second state of the automatic braking device according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 Right view of the second state of the automatic braking device according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 Axonometric view of the second state of the automatic braking device according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Wherein: 1 - friction wheel, 2 - first transmission gear, 3 - second transmission gear, 4 - centrifugal clutch (401 - follower), 5 - eccentric wheel, 6 - first rotating shaft, 7 - second rotating shaft, 8 - wedge-shaped piece (801 - convex surface of the wedge-shaped piece, 802 - concave surface of the wedge-shaped piece, 803 - clamping plane, 804 - arc transition surface), 9 - tension spring, 10 - first base, 11 - first bearing seat, 12 - support frame, 13 - support plate, 14 - second bearing seat, 15 - compression spring, 16 - rear wheel (1601 - outer peripheral surface, 1602 - groove structure), 17 - front wheel, 18 - second base, 19 - third rotating shaft, 20 - base, 21 - clamping wheel, 22 - clamping wheel (2201 - wheel body, 2202 - limiting boss (22021 - upper end surface of the limiting boss)), 23 - rail (2301 - side surface of the rail, 2302 - lower end surface of the rail, 2303 - upper end surface of the rail, 2304 - rack). DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0024] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings through specific embodiments.

[0025] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6, an automatic braking device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a friction wheel 1, a first transmission gear 2, a second transmission gear 3, a centrifugal clutch 4, and an eccentric wheel 5 that are sequentially driven and disposed under the vehicle. The device further includes a first rotating shaft 6 and a second rotating shaft 7 that are parallel to each other. The first rotating shaft 6 and the second rotating shaft 7 are respectively connected under the vehicle. Among them, the friction wheel 1 and the first transmission gear 2 are disposed on the first rotating shaft 6, and the second transmission gear 3, the centrifugal clutch 4, and the eccentric wheel 5 are disposed on the second rotating shaft 7. The friction wheel 1 can roll along the ground as the vehicle travels. The first transmission gear 2 rotates synchronously with the friction wheel 1, and the first transmission gear 2 meshes with the second transmission gear 3. The centrifugal clutch 4 includes a driving member, a centrifugal body, and a driven member 401. The driving member of the centrifugal clutch 4 rotates synchronously with the second transmission gear 3, and the driven member 401 of the centrifugal clutch 4 is fixed to the eccentric wheel 5. The device further includes a wedge-shaped piece 8 and tension springs 9 symmetrically disposed on both sides of the wedge-shaped piece 8. The upper end of the wedge-shaped piece 8 is rotatably connected under the vehicle, the upper ends of the tension springs 9 are fixed under the vehicle, and the lower ends of the tension springs 9 are fixed to the side surface of the wedge-shaped piece 8. When the vehicle speed is normal, the friction wheel 1 drives the first transmission gear 2, the second transmission gear 3, and the driving member of the centrifugal clutch 4 to rotate in sequence, while the driven member 401 of the centrifugal clutch 4 and the eccentric wheel 5 do not move. Under the action of the tension spring 9, the wedge-shaped piece 8 can maintain a state of contacting the eccentric wheel 5. Please refer to Figure 1 . When a runaway accident occurs, the friction wheel 1 drives the driving member of the centrifugal clutch 4 to rotate and accelerate, and the centrifugal body of the centrifugal clutch 4 is radially thrown out. When the driving member of the centrifugal clutch reaches a specified angular velocity, the thrown centrifugal body presses against the inner wall of the driven member 401 of the centrifugal clutch 4, and the driven member 401 is forced into a moving state by the frictional force. The driven member 401 of the centrifugal clutch 4 rotates with the driving member of the centrifugal clutch 4, so that the eccentric wheel 5 fixed to the driven member 401 of the centrifugal clutch 4 also rotates with the driven member 401, thereby pushing the wedge-shaped piece 8 to rotate downward. When the wedge-shaped piece 8 rotates downward to be stuck between the wheel and the ground, braking is achieved. Please refer to Figures 4 to 6 .

[0026] Specifically, the device further includes a first base 10 symmetrically and fixedly spaced at the lower end of the vehicle. The lower end of the first base 10 is symmetrically provided with first bearing seats 11, and both ends of the second rotating shaft 7 are respectively mounted on the two first bearing seats 11. Preferably, in order to facilitate the installation of the device on the vehicle and at the same time facilitate the control of the pressing degree between the friction wheel 1 and the ground, and to avoid poor contact with the ground caused by the decrease in the diameter of the friction wheel 1 after long-term use, the device further includes a support frame 12 and a support plate 13; the support frame 12 extends horizontally, one end of the support frame 12 is rotatably sleeved on the second rotating shaft 7, and the other end of the support frame 12 is fixed to the support plate 13; a second bearing seat 14 is provided at the lower end of the support plate 13, and the middle part of the first rotating shaft 6 is mounted on the second bearing seat 14, and the first transmission gear 2 and the friction wheel 1 are respectively arranged at both ends of the first rotating shaft 6. In a more preferred embodiment, in order to ensure good contact between the friction wheel 1 and the ground and improve the self-adaptability of the friction wheel 1, the device further includes a compression spring 15, the upper end of the compression spring 15 is fixed to the lower end of the vehicle, and the lower end of the compression spring 15 is fixed to the support plate 13.

[0027] Preferably, in order to avoid the occurrence of rollover, the wedge-shaped piece 8 is arranged corresponding to the rear wheel 16 of the vehicle. Specifically, the device further includes a second base 18 fixed to the lower end of the vehicle and arranged above the rear wheel 16 of the vehicle, and the upper end of the wedge-shaped piece 8 and the second base 18 are connected by a third rotating shaft 19.

[0028] Preferably, in order to make the wedge-shaped piece 8 better cooperate with the ground, the wheel and the eccentric wheel 5, the wedge-shaped piece 8 is configured as an upwardly convex arc-shaped sheet structure, the convex surface 801 of the wedge-shaped piece 8 cooperates with the eccentric wheel 5, the concave surface 802 of the wedge-shaped piece 8 cooperates with the wheel, and a clamping plane 803 for cooperating with the ground is formed at the lower end of the wedge-shaped piece 8. More preferably, in order to reduce the wear occurring when the wedge-shaped piece 8 contacts the ground, an arc transition surface 804 is formed at the lower end of the clamping plane 803.

[0029] Figures 1 to 6 The automatic braking device shown in [Figure] is in the state when applied to a rail transport vehicle. When the automatic braking device is applied to other vehicles traveling on a horizontal ground, the installation position of the first transmission gear 2 is adjusted upward so that the first transmission gear 2 does not contact and interfere with the horizontal ground.

[0030] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6, the present invention also provides a rail transport vehicle, and only the bottom structure of the rail transport vehicle is shown in the figure. The rail transport vehicle includes a base 20, front wheels 17, rear wheels 16, clamping wheels 21 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the front wheels 17, clamping wheels 22 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rear wheels 16, and any one of the above automatic braking devices arranged at the lower end of the base 20. The clamping wheels 21 and the clamping wheels 22 have the same structure. The clamping wheel 22 has a wheel body 2201 that can roll along the side surface 2301 of the rail 23 and a limiting boss 2202 formed at the lower end of the wheel body 2201. There is a gap between the upper end surface 22021 of the limiting boss and the lower end surface 2302 of the rail. When the automatic braking device is applied to the rail transport vehicle, the above ground is the upper end surface 2303 of the rail. The wheels travel along the upper end surface 2303 of the rail. When the wedge piece 8 rotates downward to be stuck between the wheel and the upper end surface 2303 of the rail, the upper end surface of the limiting boss of the clamping wheel is lifted with the rail transport vehicle to abut against the lower end surface 2302 of the rail, which can effectively achieve braking, with strong reliability and higher safety.

[0031] When the rail transport vehicle is a traction type rail transport vehicle, the wedge piece 8 is stuck between the outer peripheral surface of the wheel and the upper end surface 2303 of the rail.

[0032] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 , when the rail transport vehicle is a self-propelled rail transport vehicle, a rack 2304 is provided on the rail 23, and a groove structure matching the rail rack 2304 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the wheel along its circumference. In some embodiments, a notch for making way for the rail rack 2304 is provided on the wedge piece 8. When braking, the wedge piece 8 is stuck between the outer peripheral surface of the wheel and the upper end surface 2303 of the rail.

[0033] The usage method of the rail transport vehicle in the embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

[0034] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 , before use, first lift the wedge piece 8 until the convex surface 801 of the wedge piece 8 abuts against the outer peripheral surface of the eccentric wheel 5.

[0035] During the driving of the vehicle, if it keeps driving normally, the friction wheel 1 drives the driving members of the first transmission gear 2, the second transmission gear 3, and the centrifugal clutch 4 to rotate in sequence, while the driven member 401 of the centrifugal clutch 4 and the eccentric wheel 5 do not move, and the wedge piece 8 always remains in the state of abutting against the eccentric wheel 5, and the braking does not start. Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 .

[0036] If a runaway accident occurs, the friction wheel 1 drives the rotating acceleration of the driving member of the centrifugal clutch 4, and the centrifugal bodies of the centrifugal clutch 4 are radially thrown out. When the driving member of the centrifugal clutch reaches the specified angular velocity, the thrown-out centrifugal bodies are pressed against the inner wall of the driven member 401 of the centrifugal clutch 4, and the driven member 401 is forced into the motion state by the frictional force. The driven member 401 of the centrifugal clutch 4 rotates with the driving member of the centrifugal clutch 4, so that the eccentric wheel 5 fixed on the driven member 401 of the centrifugal clutch 4 also rotates with the driven member 401, thereby pushing the wedge-shaped piece 8 to rotate downward. When the wedge-shaped piece 8 rotates downward to be stuck between the wheel and the upper end face 2303 of the track, the stuck wedge-shaped piece 8 will lift the wheel. At this time, the upper end face of the limit boss of the clamping wheel is lifted with the track transport vehicle to abut against the lower end face 2302 of the track, realizing braking. Please refer to Figures 4 to 6 。

[0037] When the track transport vehicle is not required to be used, the wedge-shaped piece 8 can also be manually pulled down to be stuck between the wheel and the upper end face 2303 of the track to play a role in fixing the track transport vehicle.

[0038] The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in combination with specific implementation manners. It cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is only limited to these descriptions. For those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several simple deductions or substitutions can still be made, which should all be regarded as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rail transport vehicle, Features: It includes a base, wheels, a clamping wheel and an automatic brake device arranged at the lower end of the base; The automatic braking device includes a friction wheel, a first transmission gear, a second transmission gear, a centrifugal clutch and an eccentric wheel which are arranged under the vehicle and transmit power in sequence; wherein the friction wheel can roll along the ground as the vehicle moves; the first transmission gear rotates synchronously with the friction wheel and meshes with the second transmission gear; the active part of the centrifugal clutch rotates synchronously with the second transmission gear, and the driven part of the centrifugal clutch is fixed to the eccentric wheel; the device also includes a wedge-shaped piece and tension springs symmetrically arranged on both sides of the wedge-shaped piece, the upper end of the wedge-shaped piece is rotatably connected to the bottom of the vehicle, the upper end of the tension spring is fixed to the bottom of the vehicle, and the lower end is fixed to the side of the wedge-shaped piece; under the action of the tension spring, the wedge-shaped piece can be lifted up to contact with the eccentric wheel; when the eccentric wheel rotates with the driven part of the centrifugal clutch, the wedge-shaped piece is pushed downward to be stuck between the wheel and the ground; The clamping wheels are symmetrically located on both sides of the track, and the clamping wheels have a wheel body that can roll along the side of the track and a limiting boss formed at the lower end of the wheel body, and a gap is provided between the upper end surface of the limiting boss and the lower end surface of the track, and the ground is the upper end surface of the track. When the wedge-shaped piece rotates downward to be stuck between the wheel and the upper end surface of the track, the clamping wheel is lifted up with the track transport vehicle to abut against the lower end surface of the track; The rail transport vehicle is a self-propelled rail transport vehicle, the outer peripheral surface of the wheel is provided with a groove structure that matches the rail rack, and the wedge-shaped piece is provided with a notch that gives way to the rail rack; The wedge-shaped piece is arranged corresponding to the rear wheel of the vehicle. The wedge-shaped piece is constructed as an arc-shaped sheet structure protruding upward, whose protruding surface cooperates with the eccentric wheel, whose concave surface cooperates with the wheel, and whose lower end is formed with a clamping plane cooperating with the ground.

2. A rail transport vehicle as claimed in claim 1, Features: The device also includes a first rotating shaft and a second rotating shaft parallel to each other, wherein the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are respectively connected to the bottom of the vehicle, wherein the friction wheel and the first transmission gear are arranged on the first rotating shaft, and the second transmission gear, the centrifugal clutch and the eccentric wheel are arranged on the second rotating shaft.

3. A rail transport vehicle as claimed in claim 2, Features: The device also includes first bases fixed symmetrically at intervals at the lower end of the vehicle, and first bearing seats are symmetrically arranged at the lower end of each of the first bases, and both ends of the second rotating shaft are respectively mounted on two of the first bearing seats.

4. A rail transport vehicle as claimed in claim 3, Features: The device also includes a support frame and a support plate; the support frame extends laterally, one end of which is rotatably mounted on the second rotating shaft and the other end is fixed to the support plate; a second bearing seat is provided at the lower end of the support plate, the middle part of the first rotating shaft is mounted on the second bearing seat, and the first transmission gear and the friction wheel are respectively arranged at both ends of the first rotating shaft.

5. A rail transport vehicle as claimed in claim 4, Features: The device further includes a compression spring, the upper end of the compression spring is fixed to the lower end of the vehicle, and the lower end of the compression spring is fixed to the support plate.

6. A rail transport vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device further includes a second base fixed to the lower end of the vehicle and disposed above the rear wheel of the vehicle, and the upper end of the wedge-shaped piece and the second base are connected by a third rotating shaft.

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