A pressure reducing power generation device suitable for floating breakwaters

Abstract

The present invention discloses a pressure reducing power generation device suitable for a floating breakwater, comprising an outer frame, a pressure reducing mechanism, an electric energy conversion device and an electric energy storage device, wherein one end of the outer frame is deeply arranged inside the floating breakwater, and the other end is exposed outside the floating breakwater, the pressure reducing mechanism is arranged at the end of the outer frame exposed outside the floating breakwater, and is used to convert wave energy into kinetic energy, the electric energy conversion device and the electric energy storage device are arranged at the end of the outer frame deeply inside the floating breakwater, wherein the electric energy conversion device is connected to the pressure reducing mechanism, and converts the kinetic energy of the pressure reducing mechanism into electric energy and stores it in the electric energy storage device. The present invention ingeniously utilizes the impact of waves on the breakwater to convert the wave impact force into electric energy, which not only reduces the damage of waves to the breakwater structure, but also improves the safety and service life of the breakwater, and at the same time provides a source of electric energy for the floating breakwater used for wave dissipation and tourism and nearby islands, and has the advantages of no pollution, easy assembly, and mass production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of marine engineering, and in particular relates to a pressure reducing power generation device suitable for a floating breakwater. Background Art

[0002] The world has a vast coastline and numerous islands. Most of the islands are far away from the mainland. It is too costly to rely on laying submarine cables from the mainland to transmit electricity. Relying on its own resources and some floating structures to generate electricity can most effectively solve the electricity problem.

[0003] The slamming phenomenon is caused by the large-scale relative movement and interaction between the fluid and the structure in a short period of time, and at the same time, an impact load with quite amazing destructive power is generated. During the slamming, the impact of the wave on the structure may cause strength damage. As a marine engineering structure for wave breaking and wave protection, floating breakwaters are hit more frequently. In this case, it is very important to study how to protect floating breakwaters when they are hit by waves. At the same time, it is also very meaningful to study how to utilize the large amount of mechanical energy generated by a large number of slamming.

[0004] In 1880, French physicists Pierre Curie and Jacques Curie discovered the piezoelectric effect: when a crystal is subjected to an external force, electric polarization occurs inside it, generating opposite charges on the two surfaces; when the external force is removed, the charges disappear; when the direction of the force is changed, the polarity of the charges changes accordingly; the amount of charge generated by the crystal under force is proportional to the magnitude of the external force, which is called the direct piezoelectric effect. On the contrary, when an electric field is applied to the crystal, the crystal will produce a corresponding deformation, and when the electric field is removed, the deformation disappears at the same time, which is called the inverse piezoelectric effect.

[0005] In 1984, German physicist Waldemar Voigt discovered that only point group crystals without a symmetric center have piezoelectric effect, and piezoelectric materials are made from such piezoelectric crystals.

[0006] Scholars at home and abroad have conducted a lot of research on the hydrodynamic performance of floating breakwaters and their wave-breaking effects. At the same time, the research on the piezoelectric effect has become more and more in-depth, but there is little research on the combination of piezoelectric effect and floating breakwaters. Summary of the invention

[0007] Purpose of the invention: To address the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a pressure-reducing power generation device suitable for floating breakwaters, which can not only reduce the impact of slamming on the floating breakwaters, but also convert the mechanical energy generated by the slamming into electrical energy.

[0008] Technical solution: To achieve the above-mentioned invention object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] A pressure reducing power generation device suitable for a floating breakwater comprises an outer frame, a pressure reducing mechanism, an electric energy conversion device and an electric energy storage device. One end of the outer frame is deeply arranged inside the floating breakwater, and the other end is exposed outside the floating breakwater. The pressure reducing mechanism is arranged at the end of the outer frame exposed outside the floating breakwater, and is used to convert wave energy into kinetic energy. The electric energy conversion device and the electric energy storage device are arranged at the end of the outer frame deeply arranged inside the floating breakwater, wherein the electric energy conversion device is connected to the pressure reducing mechanism, and converts the kinetic energy of the pressure reducing mechanism into electric energy and stores it in the electric energy storage device.

[0010] Optionally, the pressure reducing mechanism includes a first steel plate, a sliding rod mechanism, a shock-absorbing spring, a sealing rubber pad and a second steel plate, and the first steel plate, the sealing rubber pad and the second steel plate are sequentially arranged inward from the end of the outer frame exposed outside the floating breakwater; one end of the sliding rod mechanism is exposed outside, and the other end passes through the first steel plate, the sealing rubber pad and the second steel plate in sequence and is fixed to the floating breakwater; one end of the shock-absorbing spring is fixed to the first steel plate, and the other end passes through the sealing rubber pad and is fixed to the second steel plate; the first steel plate can slide along the sliding rod mechanism, and the kinetic energy of its sliding compresses the shock-absorbing spring and the sealing rubber pad to deform, thereby further transferring the kinetic energy to the electric energy conversion device.

[0011] Optionally, the sliding rod mechanism includes a sliding rod, a slider and a stop slider, wherein the slider is fixed on a first steel plate on which a hole is provided for the sliding rod to pass through, and the stop slider has a diameter larger than a diameter of the slider and is arranged at one end of the sliding rod exposed to the outside.

[0012] Optionally, the electric energy conversion device includes a piezoelectric layer and a rectifying circuit, wherein the piezoelectric layer is deformed under the action of the decompression mechanism to generate alternating current, which is further rectified into direct current by the rectifying circuit and stored in the electric energy storage device.

[0013] Optionally, the piezoelectric layer is arranged between the sealing rubber pad of the pressure reducing mechanism and the second steel plate.

[0014] Optionally, the rectifier circuit is a voltage doubling circuit.

[0015] Optionally, the energy storage device is a supercapacitor.

[0016] Optionally, the floating breakwater comprises a plurality of cabins, wherein the rectifying circuit of the electric energy conversion device and the electric energy storage device are located in one of the cabins.

[0017] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention cleverly integrates the pressure reducing device with the power generation device. On the basis of realizing wave protection and wave dissipation of the floating breakwater, the pressure reducing function of the spring is used to reduce the impact of wave impact on the floating breakwater. At the same time, the spring deformation is used to transmit the force to cause the piezoelectric sheet to deform to form a positive piezoelectric effect to generate electricity. In addition, the pressure reducing power generation device suitable for floating breakwaters of the present invention has modular characteristics and can be mass-produced and applied. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of the middle pressure reducing mechanism, the electric energy conversion device and the electric energy storage device;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the connecting rod structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a rectifier circuit diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The following embodiments may enable those skilled in the art to more fully understand the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments.

[0024] like Figure 1-5 As shown, a pressure reducing power generation device suitable for a floating breakwater comprises an outer frame 1, a pressure reducing mechanism 2, an electric energy conversion device 3 and an electric energy storage device 4, wherein one end of the outer frame is deeply arranged inside a floating breakwater 5, and the other end is exposed outside the floating breakwater, the pressure reducing mechanism is arranged at the end of the outer frame exposed outside the floating breakwater, and is used for converting wave energy into kinetic energy, the electric energy conversion device and the electric energy storage device are arranged at the end of the outer frame deeply arranged inside the floating breakwater, wherein the electric energy conversion device is connected to the pressure reducing mechanism, and converts the kinetic energy of the pressure reducing mechanism into electric energy and stores it in the electric energy storage device.

[0025] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the pressure reducing mechanism comprises a first steel plate 21, a slide rod mechanism 22, a shock absorbing spring 23, a sealing rubber pad 24 and a second steel plate 25, wherein the first steel plate, the sealing rubber pad and the second steel plate are sequentially arranged from one end of the outer frame exposed outside the floating breakwater to the inside; there are two groups of slide rod mechanisms, one end of which is exposed outside, and the other end passes through the first steel plate, the sealing rubber pad and the second steel plate in sequence and is fixed on the floating breakwater; one end of the shock absorbing spring is fixed on the first steel plate, and the other end passes through the sealing rubber pad and is fixed on the second steel plate. In this embodiment, 5 shock absorbing springs are evenly arranged; the first steel plate can slide along the slide rod mechanism, and the kinetic energy of its sliding compresses the shock absorbing spring and the sealing rubber pad to deform, thereby further transferring the kinetic energy to the electric energy conversion device. The first steel plate seals the electric energy conversion device, the electric energy storage device, the shock-absorbing spring, the sealing rubber pad and the second steel plate in the breakwater and the outer frame. At the same time, the first steel plate moves along the sliding rod mechanism under the impetus of wave energy to convert wave energy into kinetic energy and compress the shock-absorbing spring and the sealing rubber pad. The shock-absorbing spring can reduce the impact of the wave impact force on the floating breakwater on the one hand, and transmit the force to the sealing rubber pad on the other hand. The sealing rubber pad is a water-swelling rubber pad, which can buffer the wave impact force on the one hand, and ensure water tightness on the other hand to prevent seawater from entering the breakwater. The second steel plate plays a supporting and fixing role.

[0026] like Figure 4 As shown, the sliding rod mechanism includes a sliding rod 221, a slider 222 and a stop slider 223, wherein the slider is fixed on a first steel plate, on which a hole is provided for the sliding rod to pass through, the stop slider has a diameter larger than the diameter of the slider, and is provided at one end of the sliding rod exposed to the outside, and the other end of the sliding rod is fixed on the floating breakwater; a sealing gasket can be provided at the position where the sliding rod passes through the slider to prevent seawater from entering, the sliding rod and the first steel plate can slide freely on the sliding rod, and the stop slider at the end of the sliding rod is used to limit the sliding rod and the first steel plate from sliding out of the sliding rod.

[0027] like Figure 3 As shown, the electric energy conversion device includes a piezoelectric layer 31 and a rectifier circuit 32. The piezoelectric layer is formed by stacking a number of piezoelectric ceramics. A second steel plate and a sealing rubber pad are respectively bonded to the inner and outer sides of the piezoelectric layer. The rectifier circuit is a voltage-doubling rectifier circuit. When the sea wave hits the first steel plate, the first steel plate slides inward along the slide rod under the action of the impact force and compresses the damping spring. The damping spring deforms and further transmits the force to the sealing rubber pad. The piezoelectric layer and the sealing rubber pad deform together to generate alternating current, which is converted into direct current through the rectifier circuit and input into the electric energy storage device.

[0028] In this embodiment, the electric energy storage device is a supercapacitor.

[0029] like Figure 5As shown, the voltage-doubling rectifier circuit used in this embodiment is a 4-times-voltage rectifier circuit, which includes rectifier diodes and filter capacitors, wherein the rectifier diodes include a first rectifier diode A1, a second rectifier diode A2, a third rectifier diode A3 and a fourth rectifier diode A4, and the filter capacitors include a first filter capacitor B1, a second filter capacitor B2, a third filter capacitor B3 and a fourth filter capacitor B4, A0 is a piezoelectric layer, and the right end is connected to an energy storage device (i.e., a supercapacitor). Among them, the anode of the first rectifier diode A1 is connected to the first end of the piezoelectric layer A0, one end of the second filter capacitor B2 and the first end of the electric energy storage device, the cathode of the first rectifier diode A1 is connected to one end of the first filter capacitor B1, the anode of the second diode A2 and one end of the third capacitor B3, the other end of the first capacitor B1 is connected to the second end of the piezoelectric layer A0, the anode of the third diode A3 is connected to the cathode of the second diode A2, one end of the second capacitor B2 and one end of the fourth capacitor B4, the cathode of the third diode A3 is connected to the other end of the third capacitor B3 and the anode of the fourth diode A4, and the cathode of the fourth diode A4 and the other end of the fourth capacitor B4 are connected to the second end of the electric energy storage device.

[0030] In addition, the floating breakwater is divided into several compartments to prevent water from entering a certain compartment and affecting the use of the floating breakwater. At the same time, each compartment can have its own purpose, and one of the compartments is used to place supercapacitors and rectifier circuits.

[0031] When in use, the pressure-reducing power generation device is installed at a position on the waterline of the wave-facing surface of the floating breakwater that is vulnerable to wave impact. On the basis of protecting the floating breakwater, the mechanical energy generated by the impact is converted into electrical energy. Specifically, the first steel plate bears the pressure of the wave impact, and under the action of the impact pressure, it slides along the slide bar together with the slider to compress the spring, and the spring is deformed. On the one hand, it reduces the impact of the impact force on the floating breakwater, and on the other hand, it transmits the force to the water-expanding rubber pad. The rubber pad and the piezoelectric layer deform together to generate electrical energy, and the alternating current is converted into direct current through the rectifier circuit and input into the supercapacitor of the electrical energy storage device.

Claims

1. A pressure reducing power generation device suitable for a floating breakwater, characterized in that: It comprises an outer frame, a pressure reducing mechanism, an electric energy conversion device and an electric energy storage device, wherein one end of the outer frame is deeply arranged inside the floating breakwater, and the other end is exposed outside the floating breakwater, the pressure reducing mechanism is arranged at the end of the outer frame exposed outside the floating breakwater, and is used to convert wave energy into kinetic energy, and the electric energy conversion device and the electric energy storage device are arranged at the end of the outer frame deeply inside the floating breakwater, wherein the electric energy conversion device is connected to the pressure reducing mechanism, and converts the kinetic energy of the pressure reducing mechanism into electric energy and stores it in the electric energy storage device; The pressure relief mechanism comprises a first steel plate, a sliding rod mechanism, a vibration-damping spring, a sealing rubber pad and a second steel plate. The first steel plate, the sealing rubber pad and the second steel plate are sequentially arranged inward from one end of the outer frame exposed outside the floating breakwater; one end of the sliding rod mechanism is exposed outside, and the other end passes through the first steel plate, the sealing rubber pad and the second steel plate in sequence to be fixed on the floating breakwater; one end of the vibration-damping spring is fixed on the first steel plate, and the other end passes through the sealing rubber pad to be fixed on the second steel plate. The first steel plate can slide along the sliding rod mechanism, and the kinetic energy of its sliding compresses the vibration-damping spring and the sealing rubber pad to deform, thereby further transmitting the kinetic energy to the electric energy conversion device; The electric energy conversion device includes a piezoelectric layer and a rectifying circuit, wherein the piezoelectric layer is deformed under the action of the pressure reducing mechanism to generate alternating current, which is further rectified into direct current by the rectifying circuit and stored in the electric energy storage device.

2. A pressure reducing power generation device suitable for a floating breakwater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slide bar mechanism includes a slide bar, a slider and a stop slider, wherein the slider is fixed on a first steel plate and is provided with a hole for the slide bar to pass through; the stop slider has a diameter larger than that of the slide bar and is arranged at one end of the slide bar exposed to the outside.

3. A pressure reducing power generation device suitable for a floating breakwater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piezoelectric layer is arranged between the sealing rubber pad of the pressure reducing mechanism and the second steel plate.

4. A pressure reducing power generation device suitable for a floating breakwater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rectifier circuit is a voltage doubling circuit.

5. A pressure reducing power generation device suitable for a floating breakwater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy storage device is a supercapacitor.

6. A pressure reducing power generation device suitable for a floating breakwater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floating breakwater comprises a plurality of cabins, wherein a rectifying circuit of an electric energy conversion device and an electric energy storage device are located in one of the cabins.

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