Double output mechanical spindle mechanism with airtight seal

Abstract

The invention discloses a dual-output mechanical spindle mechanism with airtight sealing, including a central shaft, a sleeve, and a shaft end cover; bearing assemblies are arranged at both ends of the central shaft and connected to both ends of the sleeve as a whole; both ends of the sleeve are provided with a pressure ring, and the outer ring of the pressure ring is connected with the inner wall of the hole of the sleeve by interference fit; the shaft end cover is tightly sleeved on the shaft body at both ends of the central shaft, the inner end face of the shaft end cover abuts against the bearing assembly, and the edge of the outer end of the shaft end cover extends radially; the pressure ring and the shaft end cover are clearance-matched to form an exhaust gap, and an annular ventilation groove is arranged between the pressure ring and the inner wall of the hole of the sleeve; the pressure ring is provided with at least one exhaust hole penetrating the annular wall of the pressure ring, and the exhaust hole is connected to the ventilation groove, so that the ventilation groove is connected to the exhaust gap; the ventilation groove is connected to the external high-pressure gas source through the air inlet of the sleeve. It can prevent the atomized cutting fluid from entering the interior of the spindle, thereby extending the service life of the spindle mechanism; it has the advantages of easy assembly and high precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of machine tool equipment, and in particular to a dual-output mechanical spindle mechanism with airtight sealing. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of electronic and automation technology, CNC machining centers are constantly developing in the direction of high precision and high efficiency. The output bearing mechanism used in the existing machining center is assembled from multiple parts such as the center shaft, spindle sleeve, clamping lock plate, bearing parts, and bearings. After the various parts are assembled into one, gaps are inevitable. In actual work, the impact of the high-speed rotating cutter head and the high-pressure cutting fluid causes the cutting fluid to atomize. The atomized cutting fluid will enter the bearing structure from the gap, affecting the lubrication system of the bearing, and even a small amount of high-pressure cutting fluid will enter the bearing structure along these gaps, causing the lubricating grease in the bearing to gradually lose, reducing the service life of the equipment spindle. Therefore, how to design a dual-output mechanical spindle mechanism that can overcome the above technical problems is a direction that technical personnel in the field need to study. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a dual-output mechanical spindle mechanism with an airtight seal to solve the technical problem in the prior art that cutting fluid easily enters the bearing through the gap of the spindle mechanism, thereby affecting the service life of the spindle mechanism; it can isolate the atomized cutting fluid from entering the bearing and extend the service life of the equipment.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0005] The present invention provides a dual-output mechanical spindle mechanism with airtight sealing, comprising a central shaft, a shaft sleeve, and a shaft end cover; bearing assemblies are arranged at both ends of the central shaft and connected to both ends of the shaft sleeve as a whole;

[0006] Both ends of the sleeve are provided with a pressure ring, and the outer ring of the pressure ring is connected with the inner wall of the hole of the sleeve by interference fit;

[0007] The shaft end cover is tightly sleeved on the shaft body at both ends of the central shaft, the inner end surface of the shaft end cover abuts against the bearing assembly, and the edge of the outer end of the shaft end cover extends radially;

[0008] The pressure ring and the shaft end cover are clearance-matched to form an exhaust gap, and an annular ventilation groove is provided between the pressure ring and the inner wall of the hole of the shaft sleeve;

[0009] The pressure ring is provided with at least one exhaust hole penetrating the ring wall of the pressure ring, and the exhaust hole is connected to the ventilation groove, so that the ventilation groove is connected to the exhaust seam; the ventilation groove is connected to the external high-pressure air source through the air inlet hole of the shaft sleeve.

[0010] In the above technical solution, an exhaust hole is provided on the pressure ring, and the exhaust gap between the pressure ring and the shaft end cover is connected to an external high-pressure gas source, so that a positive pressure is formed in the internal space of the dual-output mechanical spindle mechanism, and the high-pressure gas is discharged from the exhaust gap from the inside to the outside, thereby preventing external high-pressure cutting fluid and atomized cutting fluid from entering the dual-output mechanical spindle through the gap between the rotor and the stator during operation, thereby ensuring that the grease inside the bearing assembly will not be lost, thereby extending the service life of the mechanical spindle mechanism.

[0011] A further improvement is that the shaft sleeve includes a main shaft sleeve and a secondary shaft sleeve, the secondary shaft sleeves are respectively nested at both ends of the main shaft sleeve, the inner end of the secondary shaft sleeve is connected to the center shaft as a whole through the bearing assembly, and the outer ends of the two secondary shaft sleeves are connected and fixed to the main shaft sleeve through flanges.

[0012] Preferably, at least one of the two secondary shaft sleeves is connected and fixed to the main shaft sleeve via a split flange.

[0013] A further improvement is that the secondary shaft sleeve includes a first shaft sleeve, a second shaft sleeve, and an outer shaft sleeve, and the outer side end of the first shaft sleeve is connected to one end of the main shaft sleeve by means of a flange; the outer side end of the second shaft sleeve is sleeved with the outer shaft sleeve, and the outer shaft sleeve is an open type fixing ring, and the outer shaft sleeve is connected to the other end of the main shaft sleeve by means of a flange.

[0014] In the above technical solution, the shaft sleeve adopts a split structure in the form of a main shaft sleeve and two secondary shaft sleeves that can be separated from the main shaft sleeve. One of the secondary shaft sleeves is connected and fixed to the main shaft sleeve through the structure of a split flange (i.e., the shaft sleeve outer sleeve). It is convenient to pre-assemble the center shaft, bearing assembly, pressure ring, secondary shaft sleeve and other components, and then install the whole into the main shaft sleeve, which is convenient for assembly and can greatly improve the coaxial accuracy of the mechanical spindle mechanism.

[0015] A further improvement is that the sleeve also includes a locking ring, the outer ring of the locking ring is interference fit with the inner hole wall of the inner end of the auxiliary sleeve, and the inner ring of the locking ring is clearance fit with the center axis to block the bearing assembly against the middle of the auxiliary sleeve.

[0016] A further improvement is that the inner end surface of the locking ring and the shoulder end surface of the central shaft include two groove structures that are gap-fitted with each other.

[0017] In the above technical solution, a locking ring is arranged in the secondary shaft sleeve so that the locking ring, pressure ring, shaft end cover and center shaft cooperate with each other, so that the bearing assembly is stably positioned between the center shaft and the secondary shaft sleeve, and is not prone to axial movement, so that the bearing assembly has better stability and can ensure that the mechanical spindle has higher precision; the inner end face of the locking ring and the shoulder end face of the center shaft are provided with mutually engaging grooves and convex ribs, so that an S-shaped tortuous gap is formed between the two, which can better block the infiltration of cutting fluid.

[0018] A further improvement is that the outer end face of the pressure ring and the inner end face of the shaft end cover include two groove structures that interlock with each other. The outer end face of the pressure ring and the inner end face of the shaft end cover are provided with mutually interlocking grooves and convex ribs, so that a circuitous gap similar to an S shape is formed between the two, forming a labyrinth-shaped sealing path, which can better block the infiltration of cutting fluid.

[0019] A further improvement is that there are multiple exhaust holes, which are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction.

[0020] A further improvement is that the outer circumferential surface of the inner end of the shaft end cover includes an annular air filling groove, and the outlet of the exhaust hole is directly opposite to the air filling groove.

[0021] Further improvements are that the middle of the central shaft is provided with a multi-V belt structure and / or the two ends of the central shaft are provided with tapered connection surfaces; the bearing assembly includes two 7007AC bearings installed back to back. The multi-V belt structure is provided in the middle of the central shaft to achieve high-speed rotation of the central shaft; the conical connection surface design is adopted at the end of the central shaft to facilitate the accurate positioning and installation of the grinding wheel cutter seat.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the dual-output mechanical spindle mechanism of the present invention can prevent high-pressure cutting fluid and atomized cutting fluid from entering the spindle mechanism, thereby extending the service life of the dual-output mechanical spindle mechanism; it has the advantages of simple structure, easy assembly and high precision. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the dual-output mechanical spindle mechanism of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the dual-output mechanical spindle mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a horizontal cross-sectional schematic diagram of a dual-output mechanical spindle mechanism;

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A is a partial enlarged schematic diagram. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the present invention provides a dual-output mechanical spindle mechanism with airtight sealing, comprising a central shaft 1, a sleeve 2, and a shaft end cover 3; preferably, a multi-V belt structure 11 is provided in the middle of the shaft body of the central shaft 1 and / or conical connecting surfaces 12 are respectively provided at both ends of the central shaft 1; the multi-V belt structure 11 can realize high-speed rotation of the central shaft 1; an opening 20 for the belt to pass through is provided on the middle side wall of the sleeve 2, and before the central shaft 1 is installed in the sleeve 2, the belt is first extended into the sleeve 2 from the opening 20; bearing assemblies 4 are provided at both ends of the central shaft 1 and connected to the two ends of the sleeve as a whole, preferably, the bearing assembly 4 adopts two 7007AC bearings installed back to back, and pressure rings 5 ​​are provided at both ends of the sleeve 2, and the outer ring of the pressure ring 5 is in interference with the inner wall of the hole of the sleeve 2 Matching connection; the shaft end cover 3 is tightly sleeved on the shaft body at both ends of the central shaft 1, the inner end face of the shaft end cover 3 abuts against the bearing assembly 4, and the edge of the outer end of the shaft end cover 3 extends radially; the pressure ring 5 and the shaft end cover 3 are clearance-matched to form an exhaust gap 50, and an annular ventilation groove 51 is provided between the pressure ring 5 and the inner wall of the hole of the sleeve. When setting, the ventilation groove 51 can be set on the surface of the pressure ring 5 or the inner wall of the sleeve. Preferably, the ventilation groove 51 is set on the surface of the pressure ring 5; the pressure ring 5 is provided with at least one exhaust hole 52 that penetrates the annular wall of the pressure ring 5, and the exhaust hole 52 is connected to the ventilation groove 51, so that the ventilation groove 51 is connected to the exhaust gap 50; the ventilation groove 51 is connected to the external high-pressure air source through the air inlet 6 on the sleeve.

[0029] By arranging the exhaust hole 52 on the pressure ring 5, the exhaust gap 50 between the pressure ring 5 and the shaft end cover 3 is connected to the external high-pressure gas source, so that the internal space of the dual-output mechanical spindle mechanism is under positive pressure, and the high-pressure gas is discharged from the exhaust gap 50 from the inside to the outside, thereby preventing the external high-pressure cutting fluid and atomized cutting fluid from entering the dual-output mechanical spindle through the gap between the rotor (referring to the center shaft, shaft end cover, etc.) and the stator (referring to the bushing, pressure ring, etc.) during operation. This ensures that the grease inside the bearing assembly 4 will not be lost, thereby extending the service life of the mechanical spindle mechanism.

[0030] Specifically, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3As shown, the shaft sleeve 2 includes a main shaft sleeve 21 and a secondary shaft sleeve. The secondary shaft sleeves are respectively nested at both ends of the main shaft sleeve 21. The inner end of the secondary shaft sleeve is connected to the center shaft 1 as a whole through the bearing assembly 4. The outer ends of the two secondary shaft sleeves are connected and fixed to the main shaft sleeve 21 through flanges 7.

[0031] Among them, at least one of the two secondary shaft sleeves is connected and fixed to the main shaft sleeve through a split flange; the so-called split flange refers to a detachable connection between the flange 7 and the secondary shaft sleeve. In this embodiment, preferably, refer to Figure 3 As shown, the secondary shaft sleeve includes a first shaft sleeve 22, a second shaft sleeve 23, and a shaft sleeve 24. The outer end of the first shaft sleeve 22 is connected to one end of the main shaft sleeve 21 by means of a flange. The outer end of the second shaft sleeve 23 is sleeved with the shaft sleeve 24, and the shaft sleeve 24 is an open-type fixing ring. The shaft sleeve 24 is connected to the other end of the main shaft sleeve 21 by means of a flange.

[0032] The shaft sleeve 2 adopts a split structure in the form of a main shaft sleeve 21 and two secondary shaft sleeves that can be detachably connected to the main shaft sleeve 21. The second shaft sleeve is connected and fixed to the main shaft sleeve 21 through a split flange (i.e., the shaft sleeve outer sleeve 24). During assembly, the center shaft 1, bearing assembly 4, pressure ring 5, first shaft sleeve 22, second shaft sleeve 23 and other components can be pre-assembled and then installed as a whole into the main shaft sleeve 21, which is convenient for assembly and can greatly improve the coaxial accuracy of the mechanical spindle mechanism.

[0033] As a preferred solution of the present invention, refer to Figure 2 , 3 As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the sleeve 2 also includes a locking ring 25. The outer ring of the locking ring 25 has an interference fit with the inner hole wall of the inner end of the first sleeve 22 and the second sleeve 23, and the inner ring of the locking ring 25 has a clearance fit with the center shaft 1 to block the bearing assembly 4 in the middle of the secondary sleeve.

[0034] A further improvement is that the inner end face of the locking ring 25 and the shoulder end face of the center shaft 1 include two groove structures that are interlocked with each other, that is, grooves and convex ribs that are interlocked with each other, so that an S-shaped tortuous gap 8 is formed between the two, forming a maze-shaped sealing path, which can better block the infiltration of cutting fluid.

[0035] By arranging a locking ring in the secondary shaft sleeve, the locking ring, the pressure ring 5, the shaft end cover 3, and the center shaft 1 cooperate with each other, so that the bearing assembly 4 is stably positioned between the center shaft 1 and the secondary shaft sleeve, and it is not easy to move axially, so that the bearing assembly 4 has better stability, which can ensure that the mechanical main shaft has higher precision;

[0036] Preferably, the outer end surface of the pressure ring 5 and the inner end surface of the shaft end cover 3 also include two groove structures that are interlocked with each other, that is, forming an S-shaped circuitous gap 8. The S-shaped circuitous gap 8 formed between the shoulder of the locking ring 25 and the central shaft 1 and the pressure ring 5 and the shaft end cover 3 form a labyrinth-shaped sealing path, which can better block the infiltration of cutting fluid.

[0037] A further improvement is that there are multiple exhaust holes 52, which are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction. The multiple exhaust holes 52 are evenly arranged so that the air pressure in the exhaust slit 50 is evenly distributed.

[0038] A further improvement is that the outer circumferential surface of the inner side end of the shaft end cover 3 includes an annular air filling groove 31 , and the outlet of the exhaust hole 52 is directly opposite to the notch of the air filling groove 31 .

[0039] During assembly, first squeeze and install the locking ring 25, two 7007AC bearings installed back to back, and the pressure ring 5 onto the first sleeve 22. The outer rings at both ends of the bearings are clamped against each other by the pressure ring 5 and the locking ring 25. Install the assembled first sleeve 22 on one end of the center shaft 1 so that the inner ring of the bearing is tightly held on the center shaft. Then put the shaft end cover 3 on the center shaft 1 so that the inner ring of the bearing is clamped against each other by the shoulder of the center shaft and the inner end of the shaft end cover. The second sleeve 23 is assembled in the same way as the first sleeve 22. At the other end of the center shaft 1; then the center shaft 1 equipped with the first sleeve 22 and the second sleeve 23 is inserted into the main sleeve 21 with the end equipped with the second sleeve 23, so that the flange 7 of the first sleeve 22 is threadedly connected with the end of the main sleeve 21; then the shaft sleeve 24 is sleeved on the second sleeve 23 extending out of the main sleeve 21, and the shaft sleeve 24 is tightened on the second sleeve 23 by screws, and finally the shaft sleeve 24 is connected to the other end of the main sleeve 21 in the form of a flange; the air inlet 6 can be provided with a threaded joint with a quick-insert socket.

[0040] It should be understood that the directional words are established in combination with the daily operating habits of operators and users and the drawings in the specification, and their appearance should not affect the protection scope of the present invention.

[0041] The present invention is described in detail above in conjunction with the embodiments of the drawings, and those skilled in the art can make various variations of the present invention according to the above description. Therefore, certain details in the embodiments should not constitute limitations of the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention shall be defined by the scope of the attached claims.

Claims

1. It has a hermetically sealed dual-output mechanical spindle mechanism, characterized in that: It comprises a central shaft (1), a shaft sleeve (2), and a shaft end cover (3); bearing assemblies (4) are arranged at both ends of the central shaft (1) and are connected to both ends of the shaft sleeve (2) as a whole; Both ends of the shaft sleeve (2) are provided with a pressure ring (5), and the outer ring of the pressure ring (5) is connected to the inner wall of the hole of the shaft sleeve (2) by interference fit; The shaft end cover (3) is tightly sleeved on the shaft body at both ends of the central shaft (1), the inner end surface of the shaft end cover (3) abuts against the bearing assembly (4), and the edge of the outer end of the shaft end cover (3) extends radially; The pressure ring (5) and the shaft end cover (3) are clearance-matched to form an exhaust gap, and an annular ventilation groove (51) is provided between the pressure ring (5) and the inner wall of the hole of the shaft sleeve (2); The pressure ring (5) is provided with at least one exhaust hole (52) penetrating the ring wall of the pressure ring (5); the exhaust hole (52) is connected to the ventilation groove (51), so that the ventilation groove (51) is connected to the exhaust slit; the ventilation groove (51) is connected to an external high-pressure air source through an air inlet hole (6) on the shaft sleeve (2).

2. The dual-output mechanical spindle mechanism with airtight sealing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shaft sleeve comprises a main shaft sleeve (21) and a secondary shaft sleeve. The secondary shaft sleeves are respectively nested at both ends of the main shaft sleeve (21). The inner end of the secondary shaft sleeve is integrally connected to the central shaft (1) via the bearing assembly (4). The outer ends of the two secondary shaft sleeves are fixedly connected to the main shaft sleeve (21) via flanges.

3. The dual-output mechanical spindle mechanism with airtight sealing according to claim 2, characterized in that: At least one of the two auxiliary shaft sleeves is connected and fixed to the main shaft sleeve (21) via a split flange.

4. The dual-output mechanical spindle mechanism with airtight seal according to claim 3, characterized in that: The secondary shaft sleeve comprises a first shaft sleeve (22), a second shaft sleeve (23), and an outer shaft sleeve (24); the outer side end of the first shaft sleeve (22) is connected to one end of the main shaft sleeve (21) by means of a flange; the outer side end of the second shaft sleeve (23) is sleeved with the outer shaft sleeve (24); the outer shaft sleeve (24) is an open-type fixing ring; the outer shaft sleeve (24) is connected to the other end of the main shaft sleeve (21) by means of a flange.

5. The dual-output mechanical spindle mechanism with airtight seal according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shaft sleeve also includes a locking ring (25), the outer ring of the locking ring (25) is interference-fitted with the inner hole wall of the inner end of the auxiliary shaft sleeve, and the inner ring of the locking ring (25) is clearance-fitted with the central shaft (1), so that the bearing assembly (4) is blocked in the middle of the auxiliary shaft sleeve.

6. The dual-output mechanical spindle mechanism with airtight seal according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner end surface of the locking ring (25) and the shoulder end surface of the central shaft (1) include two groove structures that are interlocked with each other.

7. The dual-output mechanical spindle mechanism with airtight sealing according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The outer end surface of the pressure ring (5) and the inner end surface of the shaft end cover include two groove structures that are interlocked with each other.

8. The dual-output mechanical spindle mechanism with airtight seal according to claim 7, characterized in that: There are a plurality of exhaust holes, which are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction.

9. The dual-output mechanical spindle mechanism with airtight seal according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer circumferential surface of the inner side end of the shaft end cover comprises an annular air filling groove, and the outlet of the exhaust hole faces the air filling groove.

10. The dual-output mechanical spindle mechanism with airtight sealing according to any one of claims 1-6 or 8-9, characterized in that: The central shaft (1) is provided with a multi-V belt structure in the middle of the shaft body and / or the two end portions of the central shaft (1) are respectively provided with conical connection surfaces; the bearing assembly (4) comprises two 7007AC bearings installed back to back.

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