A ceramic composite flow-through component and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a ceramic composite flow-through part, which belongs to the technical field of slurry pump devices. The impeller of the ceramic composite flow-through part includes an impeller ceramic preform and a metal layer, and the blade ceramic preform is centrally symmetrically distributed between two blade wall ceramic preforms. A plurality of honeycomb holes are arranged on the ceramic preform, and the honeycomb holes are filled with metal blocks. Long strip holes are arranged on the surface of the blade wall ceramic preform, and metal layers are arranged on the surfaces of the two blade wall ceramic preforms that are opposite to each other. A cavity structure is arranged in the middle of the blade ceramic preform, and the cavity corresponds to the long strip holes one by one and is connected. The long strip holes and the cavity are filled with metal blocks. The metal layer and the metal block are an integral casting structure. The present invention also discloses a method for preparing a ceramic composite flow-through part. The ceramic composite flow-through part of the present invention using the above-mentioned structure and the preparation method thereof can solve the problems of poor wear resistance and short service life of a slurry pump, and the service life of the prepared ceramic composite flow-through part is 3-5 times that of a high-chromium cast iron flow-through part.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a slurry pump technology, in particular to a ceramic composite flow-through part and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A slurry pump is a type of centrifugal pump. Conceptually, it refers to a machine that increases the energy of a solid-liquid mixed medium by using centrifugal force (the rotation of the pump's impeller), and converts electrical energy into kinetic energy and time energy of the medium.

[0003] At present, although there are many structural forms of slurry pumps (dredging pumps, sand dredging pumps), their structures are similar, and their structures mainly include impellers, volutes, front guards, rear guards, etc. During use, the harsh working environment of metal flow parts (corrosion, high temperature, high impact, hard abrasive wear, etc.) causes them to fail quickly and have a short life. During the rotation of the pump, excessively worn flow parts may cause the risk of falling off or directly cracking, and coating the contact surface of the flow parts with a wear-resistant layer has become the main means of wear prevention.

[0004] Existing flow-through parts generally use wear-resistant layers made of chromium white cast iron, austenitic wear-resistant manganese steel, medium and low alloy steel and ceramic-steel, and wear-resistant cast iron is still mainly chromium white cast iron. The common and mass-produced and applied high-chromium wear-resistant cast irons on the market are Cr15, Cr20, and Cr26 series. Since Cr15, Cr20, and Cr26 metal castings are easy to wear and have a short service life, generally 1200 hours or even shorter, the ability to improve friction and wear performance is limited, which affects the service life and production efficiency of the slurry pump and is difficult to meet the needs of modern industrial production. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a ceramic composite flow-through piece and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems of poor wear resistance and short service life of a slurry pump.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a ceramic composite flow-through part, including a volute, an impeller, a front guard plate and a rear guard plate, wherein the impeller is located inside the volute, and the front guard plate and the rear guard plate are respectively located on both sides of the impeller and are fixedly connected to the volute; the impeller includes an impeller ceramic preform and a metal layer, the impeller ceramic preform includes a blade wall ceramic preform and a blade ceramic preform, the blade ceramic preform is centrally symmetrically distributed between the two blade wall ceramic preforms, and the blade ceramic preform is fixedly connected to the blade wall ceramic preform; the blade wall ceramic preform is provided with a plurality of honeycomb holes penetrating the blade wall ceramic preform, a long strip hole is provided on the surface of the blade wall ceramic preform corresponding to the position of the blade ceramic preform, a metal layer is provided on the surfaces of the two blade wall ceramic preforms that are separated from each other, and the long strip holes and the honeycomb holes are filled with metal blocks;

[0007] A cavity structure is provided in the middle of the blade ceramic preform, the cavity corresponds to and is connected with the long strip hole one by one, a plurality of honeycomb holes are provided on the side wall of the blade ceramic preform, the honeycomb holes are connected with the cavity, and the cavity and the honeycomb holes are filled with metal blocks;

[0008] The metal layer on the blade wall ceramic prefabricated part, the metal block in the honeycomb space, the metal block in the long strip hole and the metal block in the cavity are an integrated casting structure.

[0009] Preferably, the volute includes a volute ceramic preform and a metal layer, the metal layer is coated on the outside of the volute ceramic preform, a plurality of honeycomb holes are provided on the volute ceramic preform, the honeycomb holes are filled with metal blocks, and the metal blocks and the metal layer are an integral casting structure.

[0010] Preferably, the front guard plate includes a front guard plate ceramic preform and a metal layer, the metal layer is located on the outer surface of the front guard plate ceramic preform, a plurality of honeycomb holes are arranged on the front guard plate ceramic preform, the honeycomb holes are filled with metal blocks, and the metal blocks and the metal layer are an integral casting structure.

[0011] Preferably, the rear guard plate includes a rear guard plate ceramic preform and a metal layer, the metal layer is located on the outer surface of the rear guard plate ceramic preform, a plurality of honeycomb holes are provided on the rear guard plate ceramic preform, the honeycomb holes are filled with metal blocks, and the metal blocks and the metal layer are an integral casting structure.

[0012] Preferably, the impeller ceramic preform, the volute ceramic preform, the front guard plate ceramic preform and the rear guard plate ceramic preform are all formed by mixing and sintering a binder and ZrO ceramic particles; and the metal layer and the metal block are both Cr26 high-chromium cast iron.

[0013] Preferably, the surface of the ZrO ceramic particles is plated with a nickel layer by chemical nickel plating, and the particle size of the ZrO ceramic particles is 8-12 meshes.

[0014] Preferably, the binder is epoxy resin, and the content of the binder in the ceramic preform is 10-30%.

[0015] A method for preparing the above-mentioned ceramic composite flow-through component comprises the following steps:

[0016] S1, alloying, coating a nickel layer on the surface of ZrO ceramic particles with a particle size of 8-12 mesh by chemical nickel plating, and after drying, sintering the ZrO ceramic particles coated with the nickel layer in a vacuum state to obtain surface alloyed ceramic particles;

[0017] S2, mixing, mixing the ceramic particles alloyed in step S1 and the binder in a certain proportion to obtain a mixture;

[0018] S3, forming, filling the mixture obtained in step S2 into a honeycomb mold cavity, forming, and drying to obtain a honeycomb ceramic preform blank;

[0019] S4, sintering, drying the ceramic preform green body obtained in step S3, and sintering the dried ceramic preform green body at a temperature of 1250-1350° C. for 90-150 minutes to obtain a ceramic preform;

[0020] S5, preparing a casting mold, combining the EPS foam and the ceramic preform obtained in step S4 to form a casting mold with the same shape as the flow-through part, applying a coating on the surface of the casting mold and drying it;

[0021] S6, casting infiltration, placing the casting mold obtained in step S5 in a casting mold, pouring by using a lost foam pouring channel negative pressure casting infiltration method, the pouring temperature is 1400-1500° C., cooling, boxing to obtain a casting;

[0022] S7, heat treatment, heating the casting obtained in step S6 to 980-1200° C., keeping the temperature for 6-8 hours, and air cooling to room temperature to obtain a ceramic composite flow-through part.

[0023] Preferably, in step S1, the chemical nickel plating solution includes a nickel chloride solution with a concentration of 25-55 g / L, a sodium hypophosphite solution with a concentration of 20-40 g / L, a sodium citrate solution with a concentration of 10-30 g / L, a boric acid solution with a concentration of 10-20 g / L, and a choline chloride-ethylene glycol ion solution with a concentration of 10-50 g / L; and the pH value of the chemical nickel plating solution is adjusted to 9-10 using sodium hydroxide.

[0024] Therefore, the ceramic composite flow-through parts and the preparation method thereof of the present invention can solve the problems of poor wear resistance and short service life of slurry pumps. The service life of the ceramic composite flow-through parts prepared by the above method is 3-5 times that of high chromium cast iron flow-through parts.

[0025] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a structural explosion diagram of a ceramic composite flow-through component and a preparation method thereof according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an impeller structure of an embodiment of a ceramic composite flow-through member and a preparation method thereof according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of an impeller of an embodiment of a ceramic composite flow-through member and a preparation method thereof according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4A schematic diagram of the structure of an impeller ceramic preform according to an embodiment of a ceramic composite flow-through part and a preparation method thereof of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a blade ceramic preform according to an embodiment of a ceramic composite flow-through part and a preparation method thereof of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the front guard structure of a ceramic composite flow-through component and a preparation method thereof according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a front guard plate of an embodiment of a ceramic composite flow-through component and a preparation method thereof according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the volute cross-section structure of a ceramic composite flow-through member and a method for preparing the same according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the rear guard plate structure of a ceramic composite flow-through component and a preparation method thereof according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Fig.10 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a rear guard plate in an embodiment of a ceramic composite flow-through component and a preparation method thereof.

[0036] Among them: 1. volute; 2. impeller; 3. front guard plate; 4. rear guard plate; 5. metal layer; 6. impeller ceramic prefabricated part; 7. blades; 8. blade wall; 9. honeycomb hole; 10. long hole; 11. metal block; 12. volute ceramic prefabricated part; 13. front guard plate ceramic prefabricated part; 14. rear guard plate ceramic prefabricated part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that this embodiment is based on the technical solution and provides a detailed implementation method and specific operation process, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.

[0038] Figure 1 The structure exploded diagram of a ceramic composite flow-through component and a method for preparing the same according to the present invention. A ceramic composite flow-through component comprises a volute 1, an impeller 2, a front guard plate 3 and a rear guard plate 4, wherein the impeller 2 is located inside the volute 1, and the front guard plate 3 and the rear guard plate 4 are respectively located on both sides of the impeller 2 and are fixedly connected to the volute 1. The overall structure of the flow-through component is the same as that of the existing flow-through component.

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an impeller structure of an embodiment of a ceramic composite flow-through member and a preparation method thereof according to the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of an impeller according to an embodiment of a ceramic composite flow-through member and a method for preparing the same, Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an impeller ceramic preform according to an embodiment of a ceramic composite flow-through part and a preparation method thereof of the present invention. Figure 5 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of a blade ceramic preform of a ceramic composite flow-through part and a method for preparing the same. The impeller 2 includes an impeller 2 ceramic preform and a metal layer 5. The impeller 2 ceramic preform includes a blade wall 8 ceramic preform and a blade 7 ceramic preform. The blade 7 ceramic preform is centrally symmetrically distributed between the two blade wall 8 ceramic preforms. The blade 7 ceramic preform and the blade wall 8 ceramic preform are separate structures, that is, they are made separately and then bonded and fixed together to form the impeller 2 ceramic preform. The blade wall 8 ceramic preform is provided with a plurality of honeycomb holes 9 penetrating the blade wall 8 ceramic preform, that is, the blade wall 8 ceramic preform is a honeycomb structure. A long strip hole 10 is provided on the surface of the blade wall 8 ceramic preform corresponding to the position of the blade 7 ceramic preform. The metal layer 5 is provided on the opposite surfaces of the two blade wall 8 ceramic preforms, and the long strip holes 10 and the honeycomb holes 9 are filled with metal blocks 11. The metal layer 5 and the metal block 11 are integrally formed by casting. A cavity structure is provided in the middle of the ceramic preform of the blade 7, and the cavity corresponds to and is connected to the long strip hole 10. A plurality of honeycomb holes 9 are provided on the side wall of the ceramic preform of the blade 7, and the honeycomb holes 9 are connected to the cavity, and the cavity and the honeycomb holes 9 are filled with metal blocks 11. The metal block 11 on the blade 7 and the metal layer 5 and the metal block 11 on the blade wall 8 are cast in one piece by casting.

[0040] The ceramic preform of blade 7 is located in the outer layer of blade 7, and the ceramic preform of blade wall 8 is located in the inner layer of blade wall 8, that is, the ceramic preform of blade 7 and the ceramic preform of blade wall 8 are both located on the surface of blade 7 and blade wall 8 contacting with mortar, that is, the wear surface. The arrangement of the cavity of blade 7 and the long strip hole 10 on blade wall 8 is conducive to increasing the contact area between the metal matrix and blade 7 and improving the connection strength. In addition, the toughness of the metal matrix is ​​relied on to improve the impact resistance of blade 7 and avoid brittle fracture of blade 7.

[0041] Figure 8 The cross-sectional structure diagram of the volute of an embodiment of a ceramic composite flow-through part and a preparation method thereof of the present invention. The volute 1 includes a volute ceramic preform 12 and a metal layer 5, and the metal layer 5 is coated on the outside of the volute ceramic preform 12. The volute ceramic preform 12 is provided with a plurality of honeycomb holes 9, and the honeycomb holes 9 are filled with metal blocks 11, and the metal blocks 11 and the metal layer 5 are an integral structure. The volute 1 ceramic preform is also located on the surface of the volute 1 in contact with the mortar, that is, on the easily worn surface of the volute 1.

[0042] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the front guard structure of a ceramic composite flow-through component and a preparation method thereof according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7The schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the front guard plate of an embodiment of a ceramic composite flow-through part and a method for preparing the same is shown in the figure. The front guard plate 3 includes a front guard plate 3 ceramic preform and a metal layer 5, and the metal layer 5 is located on the outer surface of the front guard plate 3 ceramic preform. The front guard plate 3 ceramic preform is provided with a plurality of honeycomb holes 9, and the honeycomb holes 9 are filled with metal blocks 11, and the metal blocks 11 and the metal layer 5 are an integral structure. Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the rear guard plate structure of a ceramic composite flow-through component and a preparation method thereof according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the rear guard plate of an embodiment of a ceramic composite flow-through part and a preparation method thereof of the present invention. The rear guard plate 4 includes a rear guard plate 4 ceramic preform and a metal layer 5, and the metal layer 5 is located on the outer surface of the rear guard plate 4 ceramic preform. A plurality of honeycomb holes 9 are provided on the rear guard plate 4 ceramic preform, and the honeycomb holes 9 are filled with metal blocks 11, and the metal blocks 11 and the metal layer 5 are an integral structure. The ceramic preform 13 of the front guard plate 3 and the ceramic preform 14 of the rear guard plate 4 are also located on the surface of the front guard plate 3 and the rear guard plate 4 in contact with the mortar, that is, located on the easy-to-wear surface of the front guard plate 3 and the rear guard plate 4.

[0043] The ceramic preforms of the blade 7, the volute 1, the front guard plate 3, and the rear guard plate 4 are all honeycomb structures, and the honeycomb holes 9 are filled with cylindrical metal blocks 11 with good toughness. Under wear conditions, ceramic particles as the main wear carriers have good wear resistance. The metal matrix fixes, supports and buffers the ceramic particles, avoiding brittle fracture of the ceramic preform under high impact loads, and improving its impact toughness and service life. The honeycomb ceramic preform is also conducive to the casting and infiltration of molten metal, reducing the difficulty of preparing metal-ceramic composite materials. The molten metal can smoothly and quickly enter the honeycomb holes 9 and penetrate between the ceramic particles of the honeycomb wall from multiple directions.

[0044] The impeller 2 ceramic preform 6, the volute 1 ceramic preform, the front guard plate 3 ceramic preform 13, and the rear guard plate 4 ceramic preform 14 are all made by mixing and sintering a binder and ZrO ceramic particles. The binder is an epoxy resin, and the content of the binder in the ceramic preform is 10-30%. The epoxy resin includes 250 parts of E51 epoxy resin, 150 parts of F51 epoxy resin, 80 parts of toughening agent, 140 parts of alumina, 140 parts of silicon powder, 200 parts of precipitated silica, 20 parts of fumed silica and 20 parts of carbon black. The binder will not decompose at high temperatures, and can keep the preform in its original shape during the casting process. The binder has good affinity with the metal liquid and will not exist in the wear-resistant parts in the form of impurities. Adjacent ceramic particles are bonded together under the action of the binder to form a porous interconnected structure with a certain strength. On the one hand, it is easy to shape the ceramic particles to prepare a preform. On the other hand, the porous connection structure formed by the ceramic particles under the action of the binder will be filled with the metal matrix during the pouring process, thereby increasing the contact area and contact strength between the metal matrix and the preform. The content of the binder should not be too much. Too much binder will form blind holes and closed holes in the preform, which is not conducive to the filling of the molten metal in the hole. The metal layer 5 and the metal block 11 are both Cr26 high chromium cast iron. Cr26 high chromium cast iron has the characteristics of high wear resistance, good toughness, safety and reliability, which is conducive to controlling interface stress and preventing cracks.

[0045] The surface of the ZrO ceramic particles is plated with a nickel layer by chemical nickel plating. The nickel layer can improve the wettability between the ceramic particles and the metal matrix, so that the metal matrix and the ceramic particles form a good bond. The chemical nickel plating solution includes a nickel chloride solution with a concentration of 25-55g / L, a sodium hypophosphite solution of 20-40g / L, a sodium citrate solution of 10-30g / L, a boric acid solution of 10-20g / L, and a choline chloride-ethylene glycol ion solution of 10-50g / L; the chemical nickel plating solution uses sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH value to 9-10. First, the nickel chloride solution is slowly added to the sodium citrate solution, and then the sodium hypophosphite solution and the boric acid solution are added in sequence, and finally the ionic liquid is added, and the pH value of the solution is adjusted to 9-10 with sodium hydroxide.

[0046] The particle size of ZrO ceramic particles is 8-12 mesh. When choosing ceramic particles, if the particle size is too small, the bonding surface between the ceramic particles and the matrix is ​​small, and when the matrix is ​​worn and concave, the whole particle is easy to fall off; if the particle size is too large, the ceramic particles are easy to produce brittle cracks, resulting in fracture failure.

[0047] The method for preparing the ceramic composite flow-through component comprises the following steps:

[0048] S1. Alloying: a nickel layer is plated on the surface of ZrO ceramic particles with a particle size of 8-12 meshes by chemical nickel plating, and after drying, the ZrO ceramic particles coated with the nickel layer are sintered in a vacuum state to form surface alloyed ceramic particles. The nickel layer is beneficial to improving the wettability of the ZrO ceramic particles and the metal matrix.

[0049] S2, mixing, mixing the ceramic particles alloyed in step S1 and the binder in a certain ratio to obtain a mixture.

[0050] S3, molding, filling the mixture obtained in step S2 into a honeycomb mold cavity, molding, and drying to obtain a honeycomb ceramic preform blank.

[0051] S4, sintering, drying the ceramic preform blank obtained in step S3, and sintering the dried ceramic preform blank at a temperature of 1250-1350° C. for 90-150 minutes to obtain a ceramic preform. The content of the binder is 10-30%, and adjacent ceramic particles are bonded together by the binder. There will be certain gaps after sintering. The metal can be filled into the gaps during the subsequent pouring process, which has a great effect on improving the connection strength between the metal matrix and the preform.

[0052] S5, prepare a casting mold, combine the EPS foam and the ceramic preform obtained in step S4 to form a casting mold with the same shape as the flow-through part, apply paint on the surface of the casting mold and dry it. The ceramic preform is located on the surface of the flow-through part that contacts the mortar, that is, the easily worn surface.

[0053] S6, casting infiltration, placing the casting mold obtained in step S5 in the casting mold, using the lost foam pouring negative pressure casting infiltration method for pouring, the pouring temperature is 1400-1500 ° C, cooling, boxing to obtain the casting. The ceramic particles are evenly distributed in the ceramic preform, and the gaps between the ceramic particles and the EPS foam parts in the ceramic preform after casting infiltration are completely filled with high-chromium cast iron materials. The ceramic particles are in full contact with the high-chromium cast iron material without gaps. The high-chromium cast iron provides effective support for the ceramic particles, thereby ensuring that the ceramic particles can play a buffering role when subjected to impact, and avoiding brittle fracture of the ceramic particles. During the metal pouring process of the honeycomb preform, the molten metal enters the cylindrical hole and can cast the preform from many aspects to improve the casting infiltration effect. In this structure, the cylindrical matrix in the composite layer has a certain pinning effect on the composite layer, which can effectively prevent the surface composite material from falling off as a whole under a high impact load, and improve the impact toughness of the composite material. The thermal expansion coefficient of ceramics is smaller than that of the metal matrix. During the cooling process of the casting, the matrix wraps the ceramic particles more tightly, which improves the bonding ability between the ceramic particles and the matrix and effectively prevents the overall peeling of the ceramic particles under abrasive wear conditions. On the other hand, the metal matrix is ​​always connected, and the ceramic particles are completely surrounded by the metal matrix, which is more conducive to improving the overall impact toughness of the composite material.

[0054] S7, heat treatment, heating the casting obtained in step S6 to 980-1200° C., keeping the temperature for 6-8 hours, and air cooling to room temperature to obtain a ceramic composite flow-through part.

[0055] The thickness of the ceramic preform in the ceramic composite flow-through piece is 10-20 mm, and the volume fraction of the ceramic particles is 30-40%.

[0056] The service life of the ceramic composite flow-through parts prepared by the above method is 3-5 times that of the high-chromium cast iron flow-through parts.

[0057] Therefore, the ceramic composite flow-through member of the above structure and the preparation method thereof can solve the problems of poor wear resistance and short service life of the slurry pump.

[0058] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solution of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solution to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a ceramic composite flow-through component, characterized in that: A ceramic composite flow-through part, comprising a volute, an impeller, a front guard plate and a rear guard plate, wherein the impeller is located inside the volute, and the front guard plate and the rear guard plate are respectively located on both sides of the impeller and are fixedly connected to the volute; the impeller comprises an impeller ceramic preform and a metal layer, the impeller ceramic preform comprises a blade wall ceramic preform and a blade ceramic preform, the blade ceramic preform is centrally symmetrically distributed between the two blade wall ceramic preforms, and the blade ceramic preform is fixedly connected to the blade wall ceramic preform; the blade wall ceramic preform is provided with a plurality of honeycomb holes penetrating the blade wall ceramic preform, a long strip hole is provided on the surface of the blade wall ceramic preform corresponding to the position of the blade ceramic preform, a metal layer is provided on the surfaces of the two blade wall ceramic preforms that are separated from each other, and the long strip hole and the honeycomb hole are filled with metal blocks; A cavity structure is provided in the middle of the blade ceramic preform, the cavity corresponds to and is connected with the long strip hole one by one, a plurality of honeycomb holes are provided on the side wall of the blade ceramic preform, the honeycomb holes are connected with the cavity, and the cavity and the honeycomb holes are filled with metal blocks; The metal layer on the blade wall ceramic preform, the metal block in the honeycomb space, the metal block in the long hole and the metal block in the cavity are an integrated casting structure; The preparation method of the ceramic composite flow-through component comprises the following steps: S1, alloying, coating a nickel layer on the surface of ZrO ceramic particles with a particle size of 8-12 mesh by chemical nickel plating, and after drying, sintering the ZrO ceramic particles coated with the nickel layer under vacuum to obtain surface alloyed ceramic particles; S2, mixing, mixing the ceramic particles alloyed in step S1 and the binder in a certain proportion to obtain a mixture; S3, forming, filling the mixture obtained in step S2 into a honeycomb mold cavity, forming, and drying to obtain a honeycomb ceramic preform blank; S4, sintering, drying the ceramic preform green body obtained in step S3, and sintering the dried ceramic preform green body at a temperature of 1250-1350° C. for 90-150 minutes to obtain a ceramic preform; S5, preparing a casting mold, combining the EPS foam and the ceramic preform obtained in step S4 to form a casting mold with the same shape as the flow-through part, applying a coating on the surface of the casting mold and drying it; S6, casting infiltration, placing the casting mold obtained in step S5 in a casting mold, pouring by using a lost foam pouring channel negative pressure casting infiltration method, the pouring temperature is 1400-1500° C., cooling, boxing to obtain a casting; S7, heat treatment, heating the casting obtained in step S6 to 980-1200° C., keeping the temperature for 6-8 hours, and air cooling to room temperature to obtain a ceramic composite flow-through part.

2. The method for preparing a ceramic composite flow-through component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volute comprises a volute ceramic preform and a metal layer, wherein the metal layer is coated on the outside of the volute ceramic preform, and the volute ceramic preform is provided with a plurality of honeycomb holes filled with metal blocks, wherein the metal blocks and the metal layer are an integral casting structure.

3. The method for preparing a ceramic composite flow-through component according to claim 2, characterized in that: The front guard plate includes a front guard plate ceramic preform and a metal layer. The metal layer is located on the outer surface of the front guard plate ceramic preform. The front guard plate ceramic preform is provided with a plurality of honeycomb holes filled with metal blocks. The metal blocks and the metal layer are an integral casting structure.

4. The method for preparing a ceramic composite flow-through component according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rear guard plate includes a rear guard plate ceramic preform and a metal layer. The metal layer is located on the outer surface of the rear guard plate ceramic preform. The rear guard plate ceramic preform is provided with a plurality of honeycomb holes filled with metal blocks. The metal blocks and the metal layer are an integral casting structure.

5. The method for preparing a ceramic composite flow-through component according to claim 4, characterized in that: The impeller ceramic preform, the volute ceramic preform, the front guard plate ceramic preform and the rear guard plate ceramic preform are all formed by mixing and sintering a binder and ZrO ceramic particles; the metal layer and the metal block are all Cr26 high-chromium cast iron.

6. The method for preparing a ceramic composite flow-through component according to claim 5, characterized in that: The surface of the ZrO ceramic particles is plated with a nickel layer by chemical nickel plating, and the particle size of the ZrO ceramic particles is 8-12 meshes.

7. The method for preparing a ceramic composite flow-through member according to claim 5, characterized in that: The binder is epoxy resin, and the content of the binder in the ceramic preform is 10-30%.

8. The method for preparing a ceramic composite flow-through component according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S1, the chemical nickel plating solution includes a nickel chloride solution with a concentration of 25-55 g / L, a sodium hypophosphite solution with a concentration of 20-40 g / L, a sodium citrate solution with a concentration of 10-30 g / L, a boric acid solution with a concentration of 10-20 g / L, and a choline chloride-ethylene glycol ion solution with a concentration of 10-50 g / L; The pH value of the chemical nickel plating solution is adjusted to 9-10 using sodium hydroxide.

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