Bone Resection Device

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of medical instruments, and discloses a bone resection device. The bone resection device comprises: a bone-adhering plate for adhering and fixing to the bone surface of a human body, a through groove formed on the bone-adhering plate for exposing the bone to be cut; and a cutting assembly slidably connected to the bone-adhering plate by a preset sliding path. The cutting assembly is configured to be able to slide along the preset sliding path on the bone-adhering plate, so that the cutting end of the cutting assembly can cut the bone to be cut in the area of ​​the through groove. When the bone resection device of the present invention is applied to the cutting of the mandible, it can effectively reduce the difficulty of the operation, improve the cutting accuracy of the operation, and reduce the risk of failure of the operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of medical instruments, and in particular relates to a bone resection device. Background Art

[0002] When a bone of the human body is diseased or needs to be repaired, for example, a part of the mandible of the human body usually needs to be removed to meet the patient's health or appearance requirements. The existing mandible bone removal device is a handheld electric rotary tool with a saw blade milling cutter installed at one end of the tool. When performing a mandible removal surgery, the surgeon holds the tool to cut the patient's mandible.

[0003] However, the mandibular cutting method in the prior art still has the following shortcomings: 1) The entire operation is performed by the surgeon, which makes the cutting trajectory of the mandible completely dependent on the surgeon's personal experience, thereby increasing the difficulty of the operation and the risk of failure; 2) The size of the mandibular cut is controlled by the surgeon during the operation. When the sizes of the mandibular cuts on both sides of the face are different, it is easy to cause over-cutting or under-cutting of the mandible on one side of the patient, thereby causing a decrease in the symmetry of the patient's face; 3) The handheld electric rotary tool in the prior art has a low rotation speed, which makes cutting more laborious and time-consuming; 4) The saw blade milling cutter is large in size, and when cutting the mandible, it is easy to cut the arteries near the mandible, putting the patient's life in danger.

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, technicians in this field are in urgent need of seeking a bone resection device that can effectively reduce the difficulty of surgical operation and improve the cutting accuracy of the operation when used in cutting the mandibular bone, so as to reduce the risk of surgical failure. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve all or part of the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a bone resection device that can effectively reduce the difficulty of surgical operation and improve the cutting accuracy of the operation when used for cutting the mandibular bone, so as to reduce the risk of surgical failure.

[0006] The bone resection device of the present invention comprises: a bone-attaching plate for attaching and fixing to the bone surface of a human body, a through groove formed on the bone-attaching plate for exposing the bone to be cut; and a cutting assembly slidably connected to the bone-attaching plate via a preset sliding path. The cutting assembly is configured to slide along the preset sliding path on the bone-attaching plate, so that the cutting end of the cutting assembly can cut the bone to be cut in the area of ​​the through groove.

[0007] Furthermore, a guide slot component is provided on the bone pasting plate for making the cutting assembly slide along a preset sliding path. The guide slot component is detachably connected to the bone pasting plate, and a slider is formed on the cutting assembly for sliding cooperation with the guide slot component.

[0008] Furthermore, the cutting assembly includes: a hollow operating rod; a drill and milling cutter assembly connected to one end of the hollow operating rod near the through slot, a slider formed on the drill and milling cutter assembly; a rotating shaft rotatably connected to the hollow operating rod, one end of the rotating shaft is connected to the drill and milling cutter assembly, and the other end is connected to the driving device. The rotating shaft is configured to drive the drill and milling cutter assembly to rotate under the drive of the driving device.

[0009] Furthermore, the hollow operating rod includes a vertical pipe section connected to the drilling and milling cutter assembly, a horizontal pipe section whose axis is perpendicular to the vertical pipe section, and a curved pipe section connecting the vertical pipe section and the horizontal pipe section. The rotating shaft is constructed as a flexible rotating shaft extending from the vertical pipe section through the curved pipe section to the horizontal pipe section.

[0010] Furthermore, the drilling and milling cutter assembly includes a guide sleeve coaxially fixedly connected to the vertical pipe section, a slider is formed on the outer peripheral wall of the guide sleeve, and a drilling and milling cutter head fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, the drilling and milling cutter head is axially slidably connected in the guide sleeve, and the cutting assembly also includes an adjustment assembly fixed on the hollow operating rod and connected to the rotating shaft, wherein the adjustment assembly is configured to drive the rotating shaft to move relative to the hollow operating rod, so as to drive the drilling and milling cutter head to move axially relative to the guide sleeve.

[0011] Furthermore, the adjustment assembly includes a shell fixedly connected to the horizontal pipe section, a rotating wheel rotatably connected in the shell and meshing with a rotating shaft located in the horizontal pipe section, and a handle having one end fixedly connected to the center of the rotating wheel and the other end passing through the shell and capable of rotating relative to the shell.

[0012] Furthermore, the cutter head portion of the drilling and milling cutter head is made of polycrystalline diamond material, and the cutter handle of the drilling and milling cutter head is made of steel material.

[0013] Furthermore, a pre-positioning groove is formed on the bone-attaching plate, and a protrusion that cooperates with the pre-positioning groove is formed on the guide slide groove component, or a pre-positioning protrusion is formed on the bone-attaching plate, and a groove that cooperates with the pre-positioning protrusion is formed on the guide slide groove component.

[0014] Furthermore, the guide slot component and the bone-attaching plate are fixed by gluing.

[0015] Furthermore, the bone pasting plate also includes a clamping portion arranged on the edge of the bone pasting plate for clamping with the bone to be cut.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the bone resection device of the embodiment of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0017] 1) The bone cutting process is completed by the cooperation of the bone plate and the cutting assembly, and the cutting trajectory is determined by the doctor using holographic scanning or embedded sensors. In this way, it can effectively avoid the problem in the prior art that the surgeon is operated by hand throughout the entire operation, making the cutting trajectory of the mandible completely dependent on the doctor's personal experience, thereby effectively reducing the difficulty of the operation and the risk of failure, and effectively improving the accuracy of the operation.

[0018] 2) The size of the mandibular cut is predetermined, that is, the preset cutting trajectory. Even when the sizes of the mandibular cuts on both sides of the face are different, the mandibular cut can be completed by replacing the bone plate. This not only does not easily cause the problem of excessive or insufficient cutting of the mandibular bone on one side of the patient, but can also effectively improve the symmetry of the patient's face.

[0019] 3) The through groove formed on the bone plate for exposing the bone to be cut can also effectively determine the initial surgical position to prevent the cutting end of the cutting component from cutting unnecessary parts, thus effectively avoiding the problem of cutting the artery near the mandibular bone and causing life-threatening problems for the patient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a bone resection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the axial structure of the cutting assembly shown;

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A side perspective view of the cutting assembly is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to better understand the purpose, structure and function of the present invention, a bone resection device of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 FIG. 2 shows the structure of a bone resection device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the bone resection device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention comprises: a bone-attaching plate 1 for attaching and fixing to the bone surface of the human body, and a through slot 11 for exposing the bone to be cut is formed on the bone-attaching plate 1; and a cutting assembly 2 slidably connected to the bone-attaching plate 1 along a preset sliding path. The cutting assembly 2 is configured to be able to slide along the preset sliding path on the bone-attaching plate 1, so that the cutting end of the cutting assembly 2 can cut the bone to be cut in the area of ​​the through slot 11.

[0025] When the bone resection device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention is used, for example, when it is applied to the resection of the mandible of the human body, according to the resection requirements of the patient, the doctor first uses holographic scanning or embedded sensors to draw a three-dimensional model of the mandible on both sides of the patient in the computer, and draws a bone plate 1 suitable for the patient based on the three-dimensional model, so that the bone plate 1 can completely fit the surface of the mandible of the patient, and the bone plate 1 is formed with a preset sliding path for the sliding of the cutting component 2 that meets the resection requirements of the patient, that is, the preset sliding path is the required cutting trajectory of the patient. During the operation, the bone plate 1 is used to fit and fix on the mandible of the patient, and the through groove 11 on the bone plate 1 can expose the area of ​​the mandible to be resected. The cutting component 2 slides along the cutting trajectory, so that the cutting end of the cutting component 2 moves along the cutting trajectory at the same time to complete the cutting of the mandible. After the mandible removal part on one side is completely resected, the cutting component 2 is replaced to the bone plate 1 on the other side to complete the resection of the mandible on the other side.

[0026] Through the above arrangement, compared with the prior art, the bone cutting process of the bone resection device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention is completed by the cooperation of the bone plate 1 and the cutting assembly 2, and the cutting trajectory is determined by the doctor by drawing by holographic scanning or embedding a sensor. In this way, on the one hand, it can effectively avoid the problem that the operation is operated by the surgeon in the prior art, so that the cutting trajectory of the mandible is completely dependent on the doctor's personal experience, thereby effectively reducing the difficulty of the operation and the risk of failure of the operation, and effectively improving the accuracy of the operation; on the other hand, the size of the mandible to be cut is predetermined, that is, the preset cutting trajectory, even when the size of the mandible cut on both sides of the face is different, the mandible can be cut by replacing the bone plate 1, which is not only not easy to cause the problem of excessive cutting or insufficient cutting of the mandible on one side of the patient, but also can effectively improve the symmetry of the patient's face. In addition, the through groove 11 formed on the bone plate 1 for exposing the bone to be cut can also effectively determine the initial surgical position to prevent the cutting end of the cutting assembly 2 from cutting unnecessary parts, so that the problem of life-threatening patients caused by cutting the artery near the mandible can be effectively avoided.

[0027] Therefore, by cutting bones using the bone resection device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to effectively reduce the difficulty of surgery, greatly simplify the doctor's operation, and significantly improve the consistency between the surgical results and the predicted effects of the surgery.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, the bone plate 1 can be processed by 3D printing, so that the bone plate 1 can be quickly processed according to the shape of the mandible of different patients to improve the processing efficiency. In addition, the processing accuracy of 3D printing is better, which can effectively improve the accuracy of the operation.

[0029] In such Figure 1 In the preferred embodiment shown, the bone-attaching plate 1 is also provided with a guide slot component 3 for making the cutting assembly 2 slide along a preset sliding path. The guide slot component 3 is detachably connected to the bone-attaching plate 1, and a slider 21 is formed on the cutting assembly 2 to slide with the guide slot component 3. Through this arrangement, on the one hand, the guide slot component 3 can be processed in advance according to the cutting trajectory of the patient's mandible, so that the sliding cooperation between the slider 21 and the guide slot component 3 can effectively provide an accurate surgical path to improve the cutting accuracy of the mandible; on the other hand, the guide slot component 3 can be processed by 3D printing, so that it can be customized for different cutting trajectories, so that the guide slot component 3 can meet different cutting requirements after being installed on the bone-attaching plate 1.

[0030] Preferably, if Figure 1 As shown, the slider 21 can be constructed as a ball 211 that is slidably connected to the guide slide groove component 3. Through this arrangement, on the one hand, the ball 211 can facilitate the removal and installation of the cutting assembly 2 and the guide slide groove component 3, so that the cutting assembly 2 is more convenient to use when replacing different guide slide groove components 3; on the other hand, the ball 211 can fit more closely with the inner wall of the slide groove in the guide slide groove component 3, which can not only provide more flexible sliding, but also make the cutting assembly 2 more stable during the sliding process through the ball 211.

[0031] In such Figure 2 and Figure 3 In the preferred embodiment shown, the cutting assembly 2 may include: a hollow operating rod 22; a drilling and milling cutter assembly 23 connected to one end of the hollow operating rod 22 near the through slot 11, and a slider 21 is formed on the drilling and milling cutter assembly 23; a rotating shaft 24 rotatably connected to the hollow operating rod 22, one end of the rotating shaft 24 is connected to the drilling and milling cutter assembly 23, and the other end is connected to the driving device 25. The rotating shaft 24 is configured to drive the drilling and milling cutter assembly 23 to rotate under the drive of the driving device 25. When in use, the driving device 25 is started to drive the rotating shaft 24 to rotate at a high speed, thereby driving the drilling and milling cutter assembly 23 to rotate at a high speed. Preferably, the rotation speed of the driving device 25 can be set to 8000-80000 rpm, and the working speed of the rotating shaft 24 can be set to 10000-60000 rpm. Through this setting, the drilling and milling cutter assembly 23 can have a higher rotation speed to meet the needs of the operation, thereby effectively reducing the operation time, and the higher rotation speed can also reduce the stress when the drilling and milling cutter assembly 23 contacts the bone, so as to reduce the risk during bone cutting.

[0032] In such Figure 3In the preferred embodiment shown, the hollow operating rod 22 may include a vertical pipe section 221 connected to the drilling and milling cutter assembly 23, a horizontal pipe section 222 whose axis is perpendicular to the vertical pipe section 221, and a curved pipe section 223 connecting the vertical pipe section 221 and the horizontal pipe section 222. The rotating shaft 24 may be constructed as a flexible rotating shaft extending from the vertical pipe section 221 to the horizontal pipe section 222 through the curved pipe section 223. With this arrangement, the cutting assembly 2 can be extended in the horizontal direction relative to the bone-attaching plate 1 as a whole, so that the overall center of gravity of the cutting assembly 2 after the rotating shaft 24 and the driving device 25 are installed can be moved backward to the horizontal pipe section 222. When the cutting assembly 2 is used to cut bones, the backward movement of the center of gravity can facilitate the surgeon to hold the hollow operating rod 22, thereby effectively avoiding the problem of reduced cutting accuracy caused by the center of gravity being located in the moving direction of the drilling and milling cutter assembly 23.

[0033] Preferably, the horizontal pipe section 222, the curved pipe section 223 and the vertical pipe section 221 can be fixedly connected by welding, or can be integrally formed by 3D printing. Also preferably, the hollow operating rod 22 can be made of titanium alloy.

[0034] In such Figure 3 In the preferred embodiment shown, the drilling and milling cutter assembly 23 may include a guide sleeve 231 coaxially fixedly connected to the vertical pipe section 221, a slider 21 formed on the outer peripheral wall of the guide sleeve 231, and a drilling and milling cutter head 232 fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 24, and the drilling and milling cutter head 232 is axially slidably connected in the guide sleeve 231. The cutting assembly 2 may also include an adjustment assembly 26 fixed on the hollow operating rod 22 and connected to the rotating shaft 24. The adjustment assembly 26 may be configured to be able to drive the rotating shaft 24 to move relative to the hollow operating rod 22, so as to drive the drilling and milling cutter head 232 to move axially relative to the guide sleeve 231.

[0035] During use, the surgeon holds the hollow operating rod 22 in one hand and the adjusting assembly 26 in the other hand. When sliding to the corresponding position to cut the mandible, that is, drilling or milling the mandible through the drilling and milling cutter head 232, the adjusting assembly 26 is controlled to move the drilling and milling cutter head 232 axially relative to the guide sleeve 231, so that the drilling and milling cutter head 232 moves in a direction close to the mandible, thereby drilling a hole in the mandible. After completion, the adjusting assembly 26 is controlled to disengage the drilling and milling cutter head 232 from the mandible, and the slider 21 is moved so that the drilling and milling cutter assembly 23 is located at the next hole. Through multiple operations, the cutting of the mandible is completed. Through the above arrangement, the surgeon only needs to operate the adjustment component 26 to control the drilling and milling cutter head 232 to move closer to and away from the patient's mandible. This not only further reduces the difficulty of the operation, but also, once the surgeon makes an incorrect cutting position, the drilling and milling cutter head 232 can be separated from the mandible in time by controlling the adjustment component 26, so as to effectively avoid unnecessary cutting problems caused by misoperation.

[0036] Preferably, the guide sleeve 231 can be threadedly connected with the hollow operating rod 22 so as to be installed and removed therefrom.

[0037] Preferably, if Figure 3 As shown, the drilling and milling cutter assembly 23 may also include a drilling and milling cutter holder 233 fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 24 for fixing the drilling and milling cutter head 232, the drilling and milling cutter holder 233 is slidably connected to the guide sleeve 231, and a fixing screw 234 passing through the drilling and milling cutter holder 233 for fixing the drilling and milling cutter head 232 and the rotating shaft 24. Among them, a fixing plane (not shown in the figure) is formed on the side wall of the end of the rotating shaft 24 connected to the drilling and milling cutter head 232, and the fixing screw 234 passes through the drilling and milling cutter holder 233 and is fixedly connected to the fixing plane. Through this arrangement, the replacement and fixing of the drilling and milling cutter head 232 can be facilitated, thereby being more conducive to the use of the bone resection device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] In such Figure 3 In the preferred embodiment shown, the adjustment assembly 26 may include a housing 261 fixedly connected to the horizontal pipe section 222, a rotating wheel 262 rotatably connected in the housing 261 and meshing with the rotating shaft 24 located in the horizontal pipe section 222, and a handle 263 having one end fixedly connected to the center of the rotating wheel 262 and the other end passing through the housing 261 and capable of rotating relative to the housing 261. The handle 263 is shaken to rotate relative to the housing 261 and drive the rotating wheel 262 to rotate, so that the part of the rotating shaft 24 meshing with the rotating wheel 262 can form a linear movement under the rotation of the rotating wheel 262, thereby realizing the axial movement of the drilling and milling cutter head 232 relative to the guide sleeve 231, that is, the telescopic processing effect of the drilling and milling cutter head 232 can be achieved. Preferably, the meshing cooperation between the rotating wheel 262 and the rotating shaft 24 can be constructed in the cooperation mode of a worm gear.

[0039] Preferably, the shell 261 can be fixed to the hollow operating rod 22 by welding to improve the stability of the connection between the shell 261 and the hollow operating rod 22 .

[0040] In such Figure 3 In the preferred embodiment shown, the driving device 25 may include a driving motor 251 and a coupling 252 for connecting the driving motor 251 and the rotating shaft 24. The rotating shaft of the driving motor 251 and one end of the rotating shaft 24 connected to the coupling 252 are both formed with a fixing plane (not shown in the figure) to fix the driving motor 251, the coupling 252 and the rotating shaft 24 together by fixing screws.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment, the outer circumference of the hollow operating rod 22 at the positions connected to the drilling and milling cutter assembly 23 and the driving device 25 respectively may be covered with a layer of medical rubber sleeve (not shown in the figure).

[0042] In a preferred embodiment, the cutter head 2321 of the drilling and milling cutter head 232 can be made of polycrystalline diamond material, and the handle 2322 of the drilling and milling cutter head 232 can be made of steel material. The advantage is that polycrystalline diamond has high hardness and good thermal hardness, and can cut bones well at high speed, thereby speeding up the operation time. Preferably, the handle 2322 can be made of tool steel or high-speed steel material to ensure the rigidity of the drilling and milling cutter head 232.

[0043] In such Figure 1 In the preferred embodiment shown, a pre-positioning groove 12 may be formed on the bone-attaching plate 1, and a protrusion 31 may be formed on the guide chute component 3 to be matched with the pre-positioning groove 12, or a pre-positioning protrusion may be formed on the bone-attaching plate 1, and a groove matched with the pre-positioning protrusion may be formed on the guide chute component 3. Through this arrangement, on the one hand, the installation and disassembly of the pre-positioning groove 12 and the pre-positioning protrusion 31 are more convenient, and on the other hand, the pre-positioning groove 12 and the pre-positioning protrusion 31 can effectively improve the accuracy of the matching, so as to ensure the accuracy of the cutting track after the bone-attaching plate 1 and the guide chute component 3 are installed.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, the bone plate 1 can be fixed to the guide slot component 3 by gluing. Preferably, waterproof medical glue can be used for gluing. Also preferably, the bone plate 1 can be integrally formed with the guide slot component 3 by 3D printing.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment, the bone plate 1 may further include a clamping portion (not shown) disposed at the edge of the bone plate 1 for clamping with the bone to be cut. The clamping portion may be configured as a hook to be hooked on the edge of the mandible of the human body to fix the bone plate 1.

[0046] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the technical terms or scientific terms used in this application should have the common meanings understood by those skilled in the art to which the invention belongs.

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the present invention. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in each embodiment can be combined in any way. The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions that fall within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A bone resection device, characterized in that: include: A bone-attaching plate for attaching and fixing to the bone surface of a human body, wherein a through groove is formed on the bone-attaching plate for exposing the bone to be cut; A cutting assembly slidably connected to the bone-attaching plate along a preset sliding path; Wherein, the cutting assembly is configured to be able to slide along a preset sliding path on the bone pasting plate, so that the cutting end of the cutting assembly can cut the bone to be cut in the area of ​​the through groove; The bone-attaching plate is also provided with a guide slot component for making the cutting assembly slide along the preset sliding path, the guide slot component is detachably connected to the bone-attaching plate, and a slider is formed on the cutting assembly to slide with the guide slot component; The cutting assembly comprises: Hollow operating rod; A drilling and milling cutter assembly connected to one end of the hollow operating rod close to the through slot, the slider being formed on the drilling and milling cutter assembly; Rotating a rotating shaft connected to the hollow operating rod, one end of the rotating shaft is connected to the drilling and milling cutter assembly, and the other end is connected to the driving device; Wherein, the rotating shaft is configured to be able to drive the drilling and milling cutter assembly to rotate under the drive of the driving device; The hollow operating rod comprises a vertical pipe section connected to the drilling and milling cutter assembly, a horizontal pipe section whose axis is perpendicular to the vertical pipe section, and a curved pipe section connecting the vertical pipe section and the horizontal pipe section, and the rotating shaft is constructed as a flexible rotating shaft extending from the vertical pipe section through the curved pipe section to the horizontal pipe section; The drilling and milling cutter assembly comprises a guide sleeve coaxially fixedly connected to the vertical pipe section, the slider is formed on the outer peripheral wall of the guide sleeve, and a drilling and milling cutter head fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, the drilling and milling cutter head is axially slidably connected in the guide sleeve, and the cutting assembly also comprises an adjustment assembly fixed to the hollow operating rod and connected to the rotating shaft, wherein the adjustment assembly is configured to be able to drive the rotating shaft to move relative to the hollow operating rod, so as to drive the drilling and milling cutter head to move axially relative to the guide sleeve; The adjustment assembly includes a housing fixedly connected to the horizontal pipe section, a rotating wheel rotatably connected in the housing and meshing with a rotating shaft located in the horizontal pipe section, and a handle having one end fixedly connected to the center of the rotating wheel and the other end passing through the housing and capable of rotating relative to the housing; The cutter head of the drilling and milling cutter head is made of polycrystalline diamond material, and the cutter handle of the drilling and milling cutter head is made of steel material.

2. The bone resection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pre-positioning groove is formed on the bone-attaching plate, and a protrusion that cooperates with the pre-positioning groove is formed on the guide slide groove component, or a pre-positioning protrusion is formed on the bone-attaching plate, and a groove that cooperates with the pre-positioning protrusion is formed on the guide slide groove component.

3. The bone resection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide slide groove component and the bone pasting plate are fixed by gluing.

4. The bone resection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bone pasting plate further comprises a clamping portion arranged at the edge of the bone pasting plate and used for clamping with the bone to be cut.

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