Wheelset pre-assembly equipment and systems

Abstract

The present application relates to a wheelset preassembly equipment and system. The wheelset preassembly equipment includes a pre-pressing device, an axle receiving device and a general control system. The pre-pressing device is used to place the wheels or brake discs to be assembled; the axle receiving device is used to place the axles to be assembled; the general control system is respectively communicated with the pre-pressing device and the axle receiving device, and is used to control the operation of the pre-pressing device and / or the axle receiving device according to the information of the wheel or brake disc and the axle, so as to adjust at least one of the position of the wheel or brake disc and the position of the axle, so as to realize the centering of the wheel or brake disc with the center of the axle. The wheelset preassembly equipment provided in the present application can be applicable to the pre-assembly of axles and wheels or brake discs of different types and sizes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of locomotive vehicle maintenance and assembly, and in particular to a wheelset pre-assembly device and system. Background Art

[0002] Wheel sets are important components of locomotives. Wheel sets mainly include axles, wheels, brake discs, etc. Before the wheels are pressed, they must first be pre-assembled and then pressed using special pressing equipment. In the field of locomotive maintenance and assembly, pre-assembly and pressing are two different processes. The pre-assembly of wheels mainly includes the pre-assembly of brake discs and axles, the pre-assembly of wheels and axles, the pre-assembly of axles with brake discs and wheels, and the pre-assembly of axles with gearboxes and wheels. In each of the above types of pre-assembly processes, the pre-assembly position of the wheel or brake disc on the axle is different. In addition, due to the different axle sizes of different models, the pre-assembly positions of the wheels and brake discs on the axles are also different.

[0003] The wheel set pre-assembly equipment in the conventional technology mainly includes two wheel pre-pressing devices and an axle positioning clamping device. The two wheel pre-pressing devices are arranged on both sides of the axle positioning clamping device. The axle positioning clamping device fixes the axle, and the wheel pre-pressing devices on both sides move toward the axle positioning clamping device in the middle, thereby pre-assembling the wheel onto the wheel.

[0004] However, the axle positioning clamping device in the wheelset preassembly equipment in the conventional technology can only be applied to the clamping of axles of one type or size, and therefore can only be used for the preassembly of one type of wheel and axle, thus having the problem of poor applicability. Summary of the invention

[0005] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a wheelset pre-assembly device and system to address the above problems.

[0006] A wheelset preassembly device, comprising:

[0007] A pre-pressing device for placing the wheel or brake disc to be assembled;

[0008] An axle receiving device is used to place the axles to be assembled;

[0009] The general control system is respectively connected to the pre-pressing device and the axle receiving device for communication, and is used to control the operation of the pre-pressing device and / or the axle receiving device according to the information of the wheel or brake disc and the axle, so as to adjust at least one of the position of the wheel or brake disc and the position of the axle, so as to realize the centering of the wheel or brake disc with the center of the axle.

[0010] In one embodiment, the axle receiving device comprises:

[0011] A lifting structure, used for lifting the axle;

[0012] A lifting structure, mechanically connected to the lifting structure, and used to drive the lifting structure to move up and down;

[0013] The master control system is in communication connection with the lifting structure, and is used for controlling the operation of the lifting structure according to the information of the axle to adjust the height of the lifting structure.

[0014] In one embodiment, the lifting structure comprises:

[0015] A support assembly, slidably connected to the lifting structure;

[0016] A bearing screw, rotatably connected to the support assembly;

[0017] A load-bearing nut, drivingly connected to the load-bearing lead screw and fixedly connected to the lifting structure;

[0018] A lifting drive assembly is drivingly connected to the bearing screw and is in communication connection with the master control system, and is used for driving the bearing screw to rotate.

[0019] In one embodiment, the lifting structure comprises:

[0020] The axle position measuring device is arranged on the support assembly and is connected to the master control system for communication, and is used to obtain the distance between the axis center of the axle and the reference surface.

[0021] In one embodiment, the lifting structure further comprises:

[0022] An upper limit device, arranged on the support assembly, is in communication connection with the master control system and is used to limit the rising position of the bearing nut;

[0023] A lower limit device is arranged on the support assembly, is communicatively connected with the master control system, and is used to limit the descending position of the bearing nut.

[0024] In one embodiment, the lifting structure comprises:

[0025] A support frame mechanically connected to the lifting structure;

[0026] The support arm is slidably connected to the support frame, the end of the support arm away from the support frame is a groove structure, and the end of the support arm away from the support frame is arranged in the direction of the pre-pressing device.

[0027] In one embodiment, the lifting structure further comprises:

[0028] The axle clamping member is an inverted L-shaped structure, which is arranged at one end of the support arm away from the support frame and is rotatably connected to the support arm. The axle clamping member is used to cooperate with the support arm to clamp the axle;

[0029] An axle clamping drive assembly is rotationally connected to the support arm, drivingly connected to the axle clamping piece, and communicatively connected to the master control system. The axle clamping drive assembly is used to drive the axle clamping piece to rotate.

[0030] In one embodiment, the lifting structure comprises:

[0031] The lateral adjustment component is slidably connected to the support frame and fixedly connected to the support arm, and is used to drive the support arm to move lateraly.

[0032] In one embodiment, the support arm comprises:

[0033] A first support arm, slidably connected to the support frame;

[0034] The second support arm is slidably connected to the support frame and is spaced apart from the first support arm. The distance between the second support arm and the first support arm is adjustable.

[0035] In one embodiment, the lifting structure further comprises:

[0036] A lateral positioning assembly is disposed on the first support arm and is used to limit the distance between the first support arm and the second support arm.

[0037] In one embodiment, the lateral positioning assembly includes:

[0038] A travel fixing plate, fixedly connected to the first supporting arm and provided with a fixing hole;

[0039] A positioning member, fixed to the second supporting arm, and provided with a positioning hole;

[0040] A positioning pin is arranged on the positioning piece and can pass through the positioning hole and be inserted into the fixing hole.

[0041] In one embodiment, the lifting structure further comprises:

[0042] The third support arm is fixedly connected to the support frame and is used to support the gear box.

[0043] In one embodiment, the pre-pressing device comprises:

[0044] Clamping assembly;

[0045] A transmission assembly, transmission-connected to the clamping assembly;

[0046] A pre-pressing driving assembly is drivingly connected to the transmission assembly and is used to drive the transmission assembly, thereby driving the clamping assembly to move;

[0047] The master control system is in communication connection with the preload drive assembly, and the master control system is also used to control the operation of the preload drive assembly according to information of the wheel or brake disc.

[0048] In one embodiment, the pre-pressing device further comprises:

[0049] A position detection component is arranged on the transmission component and is in communication connection with the master control system. The position detection component is used to detect the current position of the clamping component.

[0050] In one embodiment, the clamping assembly comprises:

[0051] An installation body, which is transmission-connected to the transmission assembly, and a fixed sprocket is provided on the installation body;

[0052] An upper clamping plate, slidably connected to the mounting body;

[0053] An upper clamping shaft group, arranged on the upper clamping plate;

[0054] A lower clamping plate is slidably connected to the mounting body, and the upper clamping plate is connected to the lower clamping plate via a chain wound around the fixed sprocket;

[0055] A lower clamping shaft assembly, arranged on the lower clamping plate;

[0056] The clamping drive assembly is arranged on the installation body, is connected to the upper clamping plate in driving connection, is connected to the master control system in communication, and is used to drive the upper clamping plate to slide upwards, and drives the lower clamping plate to slide downwards through the chain.

[0057] In one of the embodiments, the upper clamping shaft group and the lower clamping shaft group each include two wheel clamping shafts disposed at intervals, and the clamping shafts are used to clamp the wheel.

[0058] In one of the embodiments, the upper clamping shaft group and the lower clamping shaft group further include two brake disc clamping shafts that are spaced apart and detachably installed, and the brake disc clamping shafts are used to clamp the brake disc.

[0059] In one embodiment, the pre-pressing device comprises:

[0060] A first pre-pressing device;

[0061] A second pre-pressing device, arranged opposite to the first pre-pressing device with a gap;

[0062] The axle material receiving device is arranged between the first pre-pressing device and the second pre-pressing device.

[0063] In one embodiment, the wheelset preassembly equipment further comprises:

[0064] The rigid tension beam assembly is arranged in a direction parallel to the connection line of the first pre-pressing device and the second pre-pressing device, and is connected between the first pre-pressing device and the second pre-pressing device.

[0065] A wheelset preassembly system, comprising:

[0066] A wheelset preassembly device as described in any one of the above items;

[0067] A first material transport device, used for transporting the wheel or brake disc;

[0068] A second material transport device, used for transporting the axle;

[0069] The third material transport device is used to transport the pre-assembled wheelsets.

[0070] The wheelset preassembly equipment and system in the embodiment of the present application include the pre-pressing device, the axle receiving device and the general control system. The general control system can control the operation of at least one of the pre-pressing device and the axle receiving device according to the information of the wheel or brake disc and the axle, so as to adjust at least one of the position of the wheel or brake disc and the position of the axle. The wheelset preassembly equipment and system provided in the embodiment of the present application can control and adjust a variety of different positions or heights, so it can be applicable to the preassembly of axles and wheels or brake discs of different types and sizes, and is applicable to the preassembly of different types of wheelsets, thereby improving applicability and practicality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0071] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a top view of a wheelset preassembly device provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0072] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the front view of the axle material receiving device structure provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0073] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a top view of the structure of an axle material receiving device provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0074] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the front view structure of a first pre-pressing device provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0075] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a top view of the structure of a first pre-pressing device provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0076] Figure 6 A right side structural schematic diagram of a first pre-pressing device provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0077] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the front view structure of a second pre-pressing device provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0078] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the top view of the second pre-pressing device provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0079] Description of reference numerals:

[0080] Pre-pressing device 10, first pre-pressing device 100, wheel clamping shaft 101, brake disc clamping shaft 102, first clamping assembly 110, first installation body 111, first upper clamping plate 112, first upper clamping shaft group 113, first lower clamping plate 114, first lower clamping shaft group 115, first clamping drive assembly 116, first fixed sprocket 117, first chain 118, first transmission assembly 120, first pre-pressing drive assembly 130, first position detection assembly 140, second pre-pressing device 200, second clamping assembly 210, second installation body 211, second upper clamping plate 212, second upper clamping shaft group 213, second lower clamping plate 214, second lower clamping shaft group 215, second clamping drive assembly 216, second fixed sprocket 217, second chain 218, second transmission assembly 220 , a second pre-pressure drive assembly 230, a second position detection assembly 240, an axle receiving device 30, a lifting structure 310, a support frame 311, a support arm 312, a first support arm 3121, a second support arm 3122, a third support arm 3123, an axle clamping member 313, a first axle clamping member 3131, a second axle clamping member 3132, a lateral adjustment assembly 315, a lateral positioning assembly 316, a stroke fixing plate 3161, a positioning member 3162, a positioning pin 3163, an axle clamping drive assembly 317, a lifting structure 320, a support assembly 321, a bearing screw 322, a bearing nut 323, a lifting drive assembly 324, an axle position measuring device 325, an upper limit device 326, a lower limit device 327, a rigid tension beam assembly 400, a master control system 20, an axle 40, and a wheel 50. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0081] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0082] The serial numbers assigned to the components herein, such as "first", "second", etc., are only used to distinguish the objects described and do not have any order or technical meaning. The "connection" and "coupling" mentioned in this application, unless otherwise specified, include direct and indirect connections (couplings). In the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to this application.

[0083] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being “above” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being “above”, “above”, and “above” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being “below”, “below”, and “below” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0084] The embodiment of the present application provides a wheel set pre-assembly device and system, which can be used for the pre-assembly of wheels and axles, and the pre-assembly of brake discs and axles of rolling stock. The axle can be a bare axle, an axle with a brake disc, or an axle with a gearbox. The rolling stock refers to a vehicle driven or towed by a power unit. The rolling stock includes but is not limited to EMUs, subway trains, locomotives, coaches, etc.

[0085] See also Figure 1 One embodiment of the present application provides a wheelset preassembly device, which includes a pre-pressing device 10 , a master control system 20 , and an axle receiving device 30 .

[0086] The pre-pressing device 10 is used to place the wheel 50 or brake disc (not shown in the figure) to be assembled, and the axle receiving device 30 is used to place the axle 40 to be assembled. The pre-pressing device 10 can pre-press the wheel 50 or the brake disc to both ends of the axle 40. The axle 40 can include a bare axle, an axle with a brake disc, and an axle with a gearbox. At the same time, the axle includes a variety of diameter sizes: 192mm, 182mm, 180mm, 165mm, 170mm, 173.5mm. The axles 40 of different types and sizes have different centering positions with the wheel 50 or the brake disc during pre-assembly. Therefore, at least one of the positions of the wheel 50 or the brake disc and the setting height of the axle 40 is different.

[0087] The master control system 20 is respectively connected to the pre-pressing device 10 and the axle receiving device 30. The master control system 20 is used to control the pre-pressing device 10 and / or the axle receiving device 30 to work according to the information of the wheel 50 or the brake disc and the axle 40, so as to adjust at least one of the position of the wheel 50 or the brake disc and the position of the axle 40, so as to realize the center alignment of the wheel 50 or the brake disc with the center of the axle 40, that is, the center axis of the axle 40 coincides with the center axis of the wheel 50 or the brake disc.

[0088] The master control system 20 is used to control the pre-pressing device 10, the axle receiving device 30 and other devices. The master control system 20 can be a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), a computer device, or other control devices including a processor or a microprocessor (Microcontroller Unit, MCU). The present embodiment of the application does not impose any limitation on the structure and control method of the master control system 20.

[0089] The working process of the wheelset preassembly equipment is as follows: the pre-pressing device 10 clamps the wheel 50 or the brake disc, and the axle receiving device 30 clamps the axle 40. The master control system 20 controls the pre-pressing device 10 to move according to the information of the wheel 50 or the brake disc and the information of the axle 40, so as to adjust the position of the wheel 50 or the brake disc; or controls the axle receiving device 30 to rise or fall or move, so as to adjust the position of the axle 40; or controls the pre-pressing device 10 and the axle receiving device 30 to rise or fall or move at the same time, so as to adjust the positions of the wheel 50 or the brake disc and the axle 40 at the same time, and finally realizes the centering of the wheel 50 or the brake disc and the axle 40.

[0090] Specifically, before pre-assembly, the wheel or brake disc, and the information of the axle, which may include type information and size information (such as diameter, length, thickness, etc.), are input or selected in the master control system 20. According to different information, the master control system is configured to adjust the position of the pre-pressing device 10 and the height of the axle receiving device 30.

[0091] In this embodiment, the wheelset preassembly equipment includes the pre-pressing device 10, the axle receiving device 30 and the master control system 20. The master control system 20 can control at least one of the pre-pressing device 10 and the axle receiving device 30 to work according to the information of the wheel 50 or the brake disc and the axle 50, so as to adjust at least one of the position of the wheel 50 or the brake disc and the position of the axle 40. The wheelset preassembly equipment provided in this embodiment can control and adjust a variety of different positions or heights, so it can be applicable to the preassembly of the axles 40 and the wheels 50 or the brake discs of different types and sizes, and is applicable to the preassembly of different types of wheelsets, thereby improving applicability and practicality.

[0092] In one embodiment, the pre-pressing device 10 includes a first pre-pressing device 100 and a second pre-pressing device 200. The first pre-pressing device 100 and the second pre-pressing device 200 are arranged opposite to each other at a distance. The lifting structure 310 of the axle receiving device 30 is arranged between the first pre-pressing device 100 and the second pre-pressing device 200.

[0093] The first pre-pressing device 100 and the second pre-pressing device 200 are used to clamp the wheel 50 or the brake disc. The wheel 50 or the brake disc clamped by the first pre-pressing device 100 and the second pre-pressing device 200 are arranged opposite to each other. When in use, the wheel 50 or the brake disc is in a straight line with the central axis. The wheel 50 or the brake disc clamped by the first pre-pressing device 100 and / or the second pre-pressing device 200 can be centered.

[0094] The axle receiving device 30. The axle receiving device 30 can be arranged in the middle of the side of the first pre-pressing device 100 and the second pre-pressing device 200, that is, the axle receiving device 30 is arranged at a perpendicular position of the line connecting the first pre-pressing device 100 and the second pre-pressing device 200, and the clamped axle 40 is placed between the first pre-pressing device 100 and the second pre-pressing device 200.

[0095] In one embodiment, the axle receiving device 30 includes a lifting structure 310 and a lifting structure 320. The lifting structure 320 is mechanically connected to the lifting structure 310, and the master control system 20 is communicatively connected to the lifting structure 320. The lifting structure 310 is used to lift the axle 40. The lifting structure 310 can be arranged between the first pre-pressing device 100 and the second pre-pressing device 200. The specific structure and shape of the lifting structure 310 are not limited, as long as the lifting of the axle 40 can be achieved. The lifting structure 320 is used to drive the lifting structure 310 to rise and fall. The driving method, specific structure and connection form of the lifting structure 320 with the lifting structure 310 are not limited, as long as the lifting function can be achieved.

[0096] The master control system 20 is used to control the lifting structure 320 to adjust the height of the supporting structure 310 according to the information of the axle 40. The axle 40 is transported and placed on the supporting structure 310 of the axle receiving device 30. According to the type and size of the axle 40, the master control system 20 controls the lifting and lowering of the lifting structure 320 so that the position of the axle 40 clamped by the supporting structure 310 corresponds to its type and size. After the axle 40 is in place, the first pre-pressing device 100 and / or the second pre-pressing device 200 advances toward the axle 40 so that the wheels 50 or the brake discs on both sides of the axle 40 are pre-pressed on the axle 40. The first pre-pressing device 100 and / or the second pre-pressing device 200 release the wheels 50 or the brake discs and return to their original positions.

[0097] In this embodiment, the axle receiving device 30 includes the lifting structure 310 and the lifting structure 320. The master control system 20 controls the lifting structure 320 to work, so as to adjust the height of the lifting structure 310 so that the lifted axle 40 is at different heights. The wheelset preassembly equipment provided in this embodiment can control and adjust a variety of different heights, so it can be applicable to the preassembly of the axles 40 of different types and sizes with the wheels 50 or the brake discs, and is applicable to the preassembly of different types of wheelsets, thereby improving applicability and practicality.

[0098] In one embodiment, the wheelset preassembly equipment further includes a rigid tie beam assembly 400. The rigid tie beam assembly 400 is arranged in a direction parallel to the connecting line of the first pre-pressing device 100 and the second pre-pressing device 200, and is connected between the first pre-pressing device 100 and the second pre-pressing device 200. The rigid tie beam assembly 400 can be welded by H-shaped steel and local reinforcing ribs. The rigid tie beam assembly 400 can be used in the installation process of the first pre-pressing device 100 and the second pre-pressing device 200. The rigid tie beam assembly 400 can ensure the horizontality, symmetry, concentricity and straightness of the clamping assembly of the first pre-pressing device 100 and the second pre-pressing device 200, and improve the accuracy of subsequent wheelset pre-assembly. It can be understood that after the installation of the first pre-pressing device 100 and the second pre-pressing device 200 is completed, the rigid tie beam assembly 400 needs to be withdrawn.

[0099] The structure of the lifting structure 320 is described below in conjunction with an embodiment.

[0100] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 In one embodiment, the lifting structure 320 includes a support assembly 321, a bearing screw 322, a bearing nut 323 and a lifting drive assembly 324. The bearing screw 322 is rotatably connected to the support assembly 321, and the bearing nut 323 is drivingly connected to the bearing screw 322. The bearing nut 323 is fixedly connected to the lifting structure 310. The lifting drive assembly 324 is drivingly connected to the bearing screw 322, and the lifting drive assembly 324 is in communication connection with the master control system 20.

[0101] The support assembly 321 is used to support the bearing screw 322. The support assembly 321 may be a column structure, and the specific shape and material are not limited. The bearing screw 322 is arranged on the support assembly and can rotate relative to the support assembly 321. The lifting drive assembly 324 is used to drive the bearing screw 322 to rotate. The lifting drive assembly 324 may be a servo motor. The lifting drive assembly 324 may be further connected to a reducer. In addition, an elastic coupling may be further arranged between the lifting drive assembly 324 and the bearing screw 322. The elastic coupling is rotationally connected to the bearing screw 322. The lifting drive assembly 324 drives the bearing screw 322 to rotate, so that the bearing nut 323 moves up and down along the bearing screw 322. The bearing nut 323 moves up and down to drive the lifting structure 310 fixedly connected thereto to move up and down, thereby realizing the change in the height of the lifted axle 40. In this embodiment, the bearing screw 322 and the bearing nut 323 are used for transmission, and the bearing screw 322 rotates, so that the bearing nut 323 moves up and down, thereby realizing the change of the height of the axle 40. The structure is simple, easy to implement, and has high stability, and the height adjustment is more precise.

[0102] In one embodiment, the lifting structure 320 further includes an axle position measuring device 325, an upper limit device 326, and a lower limit device 327. The axle position measuring device 325, the upper limit device 326, and the lower limit device 327 are all arranged on the support assembly 321. Specifically, the axle position measuring device 325, the upper limit device 326, and the lower limit device 327 can be arranged on the side of the support column. The axle position measuring device 325, the upper limit device 326, and the lower limit device 327 are all connected to the master control system 20 for communication.

[0103] The axle position measuring device 325 is used to obtain the distance between the axis of the axle 40 and the reference surface, and the reference surface can be an operating surface. In a specific embodiment, the axle position measuring device 325 can be a zero position switch. The zero position switch is used to detect the mechanical origin of the lifting structure 310. When the lifting structure 310 hits the zero position switch during the lifting process, the master control system 20 controls the lifting drive assembly 324 to decelerate and stop, and uses this point as the mechanical origin. Since the zero position switch is installed on the support assembly 321, and the support assembly 321 is fixedly set, the size value of the zero position switch relative to the operating surface is absolutely accurate. The mechanical origin collected by the zero position switch can be used as a reference point for the master control system 20 to adjust the height of the axle 40 in the later stage. In this embodiment, by setting the axle position measuring device 325, the error of the lifting device during the movement process can be reduced, and the accuracy of the lifting structure 320 lifting the height of the lifting structure 310 can be effectively improved, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the axle and the wheel or brake disc alignment.

[0104] The upper limit device 326 and the lower limit device 327 are used for the upper limit and lower limit of the lifting structure 310. The upper limit includes an upper limit and an upper limit, and the lower limit includes a lower limit and a lower limit. Specifically, the upper limit device 326 is used to limit the position where the bearing nut 232 rises, thereby limiting the position where the lifting structure 310 rises. The lower limit device 327 is used to limit the position where the bearing nut 323 falls, thereby limiting the position where the lifting structure 310 falls. The upper limit device 326 and the lower limit device 327 may include a limit switch. Specifically, the upper limit device 326 includes an upper limit switch, and the lower limit device 327 includes a lower limit switch. The number of the upper limit switch and the lower limit switch may be one or more. In a specific embodiment, two upper limit switches and two lower limit switches are provided. The upper limit switch may be provided at the upper end of the support assembly 321, and the lower limit switch may be provided at the middle and lower end of the support assembly 321. The upper limit switch and the lower limit switch are used to detect that the lifting structure 310 has reached the preset uppermost and lowermost ends. When the upper limit switch detects that the lifting structure 310 has reached the uppermost end, the master control system 20 controls the lifting drive assembly 324 to stop driving, and the lifting structure 310 stops rising. The working principle of the lower limit switch is similar and will not be described here. In this embodiment, the upper limit switch and the lower limit switch are used to effectively limit the lifting range and improve the stability and safety of the equipment.

[0105] The structure of the lifting structure 310 is described below in conjunction with an embodiment.

[0106] In one embodiment, the lifting structure 310 includes a support frame 311 and a support arm 312. The support frame 311 is mechanically connected to the lifting structure 320. Specifically, the support frame 311 is fixedly connected to the bearing nut 323 of the lifting structure 320. A linear guide is provided on the side wall of the support assembly 321 of the lifting structure 320, and a slider matching the linear guide is provided on the support frame 311 to achieve a sliding connection between the support frame 311 and the lifting structure 320. The support arm 312 is slidably connected to the support frame 311. One end of the support arm 312 away from the support frame 311 is a groove structure. One end of the support arm 312 away from the support frame 311 is arranged in the direction where the pre-pressing device 10 is located, that is, one end of the groove structure of the support arm 312 is arranged between the first pre-pressing device 100 and the second pre-pressing device 200.

[0107] The support frame 311 may be a frame structure, a plate structure, or a columnar structure. The support frame 311 is used to support the support arm 312 and realize the connection between the support arm 312 and the lifting structure 320 .

[0108] In one embodiment, the support arm 312 includes a first support arm 3121 and a second support arm 3122. The first support arm 3121 and the second support arm 3122 can be slidably connected to the support frame 311 by any other means such as a linear guide rail and a slider. The first support arm 3121 and the second support arm 3122 are arranged at intervals. The first support arm 3121 and the second support arm 3122 can be a columnar structure, a plate-like structure, or a strip-like structure. In a specific embodiment, the first support arm 3121 and the second support arm 3122 are both plate-like structures, and the shape of the first support arm 3121 and the second support arm 3122 is a trapezoid, and the bottom side of the trapezoid is fixed to the support frame 311. Without affecting the load-bearing capacity, the first support arm 3121 and the second support arm 3122 can also be provided with a through hole of a certain size, so as to effectively reduce their weight. The ends of the first support arm 3121 and the second support arm 3122 away from the support frame 311 are both groove structures, and the shape of the groove can be square, arc, or "V" shape. The ends of the first support arm 3121 and the second support arm 3122 away from the support frame 311 are arranged between the first pre-pressing device 100 and the second pre-pressing device 200 for placing the axle 40.

[0109] In one embodiment, the lifting structure 310 further includes an axle clamping member 313 and an axle clamping drive assembly 317. The axle clamping member 313 may be an inverted "L"-shaped structure. The axle clamping member 313 is disposed at one end of the support arm 312 away from the support frame 311, and is rotatably connected to the support arm 312. The axle clamping member 313 is used to cooperate with the support arm 312 to clamp the axle 40. The axle clamping drive assembly 317 is rotatably connected to the support arm 312, and is drivingly connected to the axle clamping member 313. At the same time, the axle clamping drive assembly 317 is communicatively connected to the master control system 20. The axle clamping drive assembly 317 is used to drive the axle clamping member 313 to rotate.

[0110] Specifically, in one embodiment, the axle clamping member 313 includes a first axle clamping member 3131 and a second axle clamping member 3132. The first axle clamping member 3131 is disposed at one end of the first support arm 3121 away from the support frame 311, and is rotatably connected to the first support arm 3121. The groove of the first axle clamping member 3131 of the inverted "L"-shaped structure is arranged opposite to the groove of the first support arm 3121, that is, the end of the first axle clamping member 3131 with the groove is arranged opposite to the end of the first support arm 3121 with the groove. The first axle clamping member 3131 cooperates with the first support arm 3121 to achieve the clamping of the axle 40.

[0111] The second axle clamping member 3132 is disposed at one end of the second support arm 3122 away from the support frame 311, and is rotatably connected to the second support arm 3122. The groove of the second axle clamping member 3132 of the inverted "L"-shaped structure is disposed opposite to the groove of the second support arm 3122, that is, one end of the second axle clamping member 3132 with the groove is disposed opposite to one end of the second support arm 3122 with the groove. The second axle clamping member 3132 cooperates with the second support arm 3122 to achieve clamping of the axle 40.

[0112] The axle clamping drive assembly 317 is drivingly connected to the first axle clamping member 3131 and the second axle clamping member 3132. The axle clamping drive assembly 317 is used to drive the first axle clamping member 3131 and the second axle clamping member 3132 to rotate. The axle clamping drive assembly 317 can be a hydraulic cylinder. Since the axle 40 is an axle with a gear box, when the axle 40 is placed on the first support arm 3121 and the second support arm 3122, the center of gravity of the axle 40 is outside the first support arm 3121 and the second support arm 3122, and it is easy to overturn. By setting the first axle clamping member 3131 and the second axle clamping member 3132 to cooperate with the first support arm 3121 and the second support arm 3122, the axle 40 is clamped to prevent overturning.

[0113] During use, when the axle 40 needs to be placed, a control signal is sent to the axle clamping drive assembly 317 through the master control system 20, and the axle clamping drive assembly 317 drives the first axle clamping member 3131 and the second axle clamping member 3132 to rotate in a direction away from the first support arm 3121 and the second support arm 3122, that is, the first axle clamping member 3131 and the second axle clamping member 3132 are placed outside the maximum diameter of the axle 40, so that the axle 40 can be smoothly placed in the groove structure of the first support arm 3121 and the second support arm 3122. Afterwards, the axle clamping drive assembly 317 drives the first axle clamping member 3131 and the second axle clamping member 3132 to rotate, clamp the axle 40, prevent the axle 40 from tipping over during movement, and ensure the safety of the wheelset pre-assembly operation.

[0114] In one embodiment, the lifting structure 310 further includes a third support arm 3123. The third support arm 3123 is fixedly connected to the support frame 311. The third support arm 3123 can be used to support a gear box. When the axle 40 is an axle with a gear box, since the gear box on the axle 40 will rotate around the axle, the third support arm 3123 is used to support the gear box to prevent the gear box from rotating, thereby facilitating better assembly of the wheelset.

[0115] In one embodiment, the lifting structure 310 further includes a lateral adjustment component 315. The lateral adjustment component 315 is slidably connected to the support frame 311 and fixedly connected to the support arm 312. The lateral adjustment component 315 is used to drive the support arm 312 to move laterally. The lateral adjustment component 315 can be a slide rail structure, a gear structure, or a chain structure. The present application does not limit the specific form of the lateral adjustment component 315, as long as it can slide relative to the support frame 311. The lateral adjustment component 315 is slidably connected to both the first support arm 3121 and the second support arm 3122. The lateral adjustment component 315 can also be used to adjust the distance between the first support arm 3121 and the second support arm 3122.

[0116] In one embodiment, the lifting structure 310 further includes a transverse positioning assembly 316. The transverse positioning assembly 316 is arranged on the first support arm 3121 to limit the distance between the first support arm 312 and the second support arm 3122. The transverse positioning assembly 316 can have various structures. In one embodiment, the transverse positioning assembly 316 includes a stroke fixing plate 3161, a positioning member 3162 and a positioning pin 3163. The stroke fixing plate 3161 is fixedly connected to the first support arm 3121. The stroke fixing plate 3161 is provided with a fixing hole. The number of the fixing holes can be multiple. The multiple fixing holes are arranged transversely along the stroke fixing plate 3161. The stroke fixing plate 3161 can be a long strip plate structure. The stroke fixing plate 3161 can be fixed to the first support arm 3121 by screws or other means. The length of the stroke fixing plate 3161 is greater than the transverse distance between the first support arm 3121 and the second support arm 3122.

[0117] The positioning member 3162 is fixed to the second support arm 3122. The positioning member 3162 is provided with a positioning hole. The size of the positioning hole matches the size of the fixing hole. The positioning pin 3163 is provided on the positioning member 3162, and can pass through the positioning hole and be inserted into the fixing hole, so as to achieve the relative fixation of the second support arm 3122 and the stroke fixing plate 3161, and then achieve the relative fixation of the distance between the first support arm 3121 and the second support arm 3122. The positioning pin 3163 may have a self-locking function. Due to the different types of the axle 40, the clamped axle positions are also different during pre-assembly, and different distances are required between the first support arm 3121 and the second support arm 3122. When the distance between the first support arm 3121 and the second support arm 3122 needs to be adjusted, pull up the knob of the positioning pin 3163 with a self-locking function and rotate it 90°, and lock it in the retracted state of the pin shaft. At this time, adjust the position of the second support arm 3122 to meet the needs of the current type of the axle 40. When the second support arm 3122 is adjusted into place, pull up the knob and rotate it 90° so that the pin is inserted into the fixing hole at the bottom to fix the second support arm 3122 .

[0118] In this embodiment, by providing the lateral adjustment component 315 and the lateral positioning component 316, the distance between the first support arm 3121 and the second support arm 3122 is adjustable, so as to meet the requirements of different types of axles 40, and further improve the applicability and practicality of the wheelset preassembly device. The position of the second support arm 3122 is fixed by the lateral positioning component 316, and the relative distance between the first support arm 3121 and the second support arm 3122 is locked, so as to improve the stability and reliability of the wheelset preassembly device structure.

[0119] The structure of the pre-pressing device 10 is further described below in conjunction with an embodiment.

[0120] In one embodiment, the pre-pressing device 10 includes a clamping assembly, a transmission assembly and a pre-pressing drive assembly. The transmission assembly is in transmission connection with the clamping assembly. The pre-pressing drive assembly is in driving connection with the transmission assembly. The pre-pressing drive assembly is used to drive the transmission assembly, thereby driving the clamping assembly to move. The master control system 20 is in communication connection with the pre-pressing drive assembly. The master control system 20 is also used to control the operation of the pre-pressing drive assembly according to information of the wheel 50 or the brake disc.

[0121] The clamping assembly is used to clamp the wheel 50 or the brake disc and press it to the axle 40. The transmission assembly may include a gear, a rack or a conveyor belt. The specific structure of the clamping assembly can be selected according to actual needs, and this embodiment does not make too many restrictions. The pre-pressing drive assembly can be a motor, a hydraulic cylinder, etc.

[0122] In one embodiment, the pre-pressing device further includes a position detection component. The position detection component is disposed on the transmission component. The position detection component is in communication with the master control system 20. The position detection component is used to detect the current position of the movement of the clamping component. The position detection component may be an in-position detector, a distance detector, a travel switch, etc. The embodiment of the present application does not impose any limitation on the specific structure of the position detection component. The position detection component transmits the detected current position information of the clamping component to the master control system 20 in real time, so that the master control system 20 can further control the moving position of the clamping component according to this position information until the clamping assembly moves to the pre-pressing position of the wheel or brake disc on the axle.

[0123] In one embodiment, the clamping assembly includes a mounting body, an upper clamping plate, an upper clamping shaft group, a lower clamping plate, a lower clamping shaft group and a clamping drive assembly. The mounting body is in transmission connection with the transmission assembly. A fixed sprocket is provided on the mounting body. A chain is wound around the fixed sprocket. The mounting body may be a plate-like structure. The first mounting body is used to mount and support the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate. The upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate are both arranged on the same surface of the mounting body, and the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate are connected by a chain wound around the fixed sprocket. The upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate are both slidably connected to the mounting body. The upper clamping shaft group is arranged on the upper clamping plate. The lower clamping shaft group is arranged on the lower clamping plate. The upper clamping shaft group and the lower clamping shaft group each include a plurality of clamping shafts. In one embodiment, the upper clamping shaft group and the lower clamping shaft group each include two wheel clamping shafts arranged at intervals. The specific positions of the four wheel clamping shafts can be set according to the size and shape of the wheel. In addition, the upper clamping shaft group and the lower clamping shaft group also include two brake disc clamping shafts that are spaced apart and detachably installed. The brake disc clamping shaft is used to clamp the brake disc. The diameter of the brake disc is generally smaller than the diameter of the wheel 50. Therefore, when it is necessary to clamp the wheel 50, the brake disc clamping shaft is removed. When it is necessary to clamp the brake disc, the brake disc clamping shaft is installed. The wheel clamping shaft is located outside the diameter range of the brake disc clamping shaft, so it will not affect the clamping of the brake disc.

[0124] The clamping drive assembly is arranged on the installation body. The clamping drive assembly is connected to the upper clamping disk in driving manner. The clamping drive assembly is connected to the master control system 20 in communication. The clamping drive assembly can be a hydraulic cylinder. The clamping drive assembly is used to drive the upper clamping disk to slide up and down. When the upper clamping disk slides upward, the chain moves downward around the fixed sprocket. Under the action of gravity, the chain drives the lower clamping disk to slide downward, thereby releasing the upper clamping shaft group and the lower clamping shaft group; the clamping drive assembly drives the upper clamping disk to slide downward, and the chain drives the lower clamping disk to slide upward, thereby clamping the upper clamping shaft group and the lower clamping shaft group, thereby achieving the clamping and loosening of the wheel 50 or the brake disc. The clamping assembly provided in the present embodiment can drive the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate to move up and down through the clamping drive assembly, so that the upper clamping shaft group and the lower clamping shaft group can be clamped and loosened, so as to facilitate the placement and removal of the wheel 50 or the brake disc. This structural design enables the clamping drive assembly to achieve the clamping and loosening of the upper and lower clamping plates with minimal driving force, so as to facilitate the placement and removal of the wheel 50 or the brake disc, and has a simple structure; and in the process of clamping and loosening the upper and lower clamping plates, it can ensure that the clamping center position remains unchanged at all times, thereby improving the accuracy of the centering of the wheel 50 or the brake disc.

[0125] The above is an overall description of the pre-pressing device 100 . The structures of the first pre-pressing device 100 and the second pre-pressing device 200 in the pre-pressing device 10 are described below in combination with the embodiments and drawings.

[0126] See also Figure 4 and Figure 5In one embodiment, the first pre-pressing device 100 includes a first clamping assembly 110, a first transmission assembly 120, a first pre-pressing drive assembly 130 and a first position detection assembly 140. The first clamping assembly 110 is used to clamp the wheel 50 or the brake disc. The first transmission assembly 120 is in driving connection with the first clamping assembly 110. The first pre-pressing drive assembly 130 is in driving connection with the first transmission assembly 120, and is used to drive the first transmission assembly 120 to work so as to drive the first clamping assembly 110 to move. The first pre-pressing drive assembly 130 can be any structure that can drive the first clamping assembly 110 to move. The first position detection assembly 140 is arranged on the first transmission assembly 120. Specifically, the first position detection assembly 140 can be arranged on the rack of the first transmission assembly 120. There can be a plurality of first position detection assemblies 140, which are arranged at intervals. The master control system 20 is in communication connection with both the first pre-pressing drive assembly 130 and the position detection assembly 140. The master control system 20 is used to control the operation of the first pre-pressing driving component 130. Meanwhile, the first position detection component 140 uploads the detected position information to the master control system 20 in real time.

[0127] See also Figure 7 and Figure 8 The second pre-pressing device 200 includes a second clamping assembly 210, a second transmission assembly 220, a second pre-pressing drive assembly 230 and a second position detection assembly 240. The second transmission assembly 220 is in driving connection with the second clamping assembly 210. The second clamping assembly 210 is used to clamp the wheel 50 or the brake disc. The second clamping assembly 210 is arranged relative to the first clamping assembly 110 at an interval. The second pre-pressing drive assembly 230 is in driving connection with the second transmission assembly 220, and is used to drive the second transmission assembly 220 to work, thereby driving the second clamping assembly 210 to move. The second pre-pressing drive assembly 230 can be any structure that can drive the second clamping assembly 210 to move. The second position detection assembly 240 is arranged on the second transmission assembly 220. Specifically, the second position detection assembly 240 can be arranged on the rack of the second transmission assembly 220. There can be multiple second position detection assemblies 240, which are arranged at intervals. The master control system 20 is in communication connection with the second pre-pressing drive assembly 230. The master control system 20 is used to control the operation of the second pre-pressing driving component 230. Meanwhile, the second position detection component 240 uploads the detected position information to the master control system 20 in real time.

[0128] When in use, the first clamping assembly 110 and the second clamping assembly 210 clamp the wheel 50 or the brake disc, respectively. After the axle 40 clamped by the axle receiving device 30 is in place, the master control system 20 controls the first pre-pressing drive assembly 130 and the second pre-pressing drive assembly 230 to work simultaneously, so as to drive the first transmission assembly 120 and the second transmission assembly 220 to transmit simultaneously, and drive the first clamping assembly 110 and the second clamping assembly 210 to move in opposite directions at the same time, that is, the first clamping assembly 110 and the second clamping assembly 210 move toward the axle 40 at the same time. After the first clamping assembly 110 and the second clamping assembly 210 clamp the wheel 50 or the brake disc and are pre-pressed to the axle 40, the first clamping assembly 110 and the second clamping assembly 210 are controlled to release the wheel 50 or the brake disc and return to their original positions. During the whole process, the first position detection component 140 and the second position detection component 240 detect the position information of the first clamping component 110 and the second clamping component 210 in real time, and upload the information to the master control system 20. The master control system 20 controls the operation of the first pre-pressing drive component 130 and / or the second pre-pressing drive component 230 based on the received position information.

[0129] See also Figure 4 and Figure 5 In one embodiment, the first clamping assembly 110 includes a first installation body 111, a first upper clamping plate 112, a first upper clamping shaft group 113, a first lower clamping plate 114, a first lower clamping shaft group 115 and a first clamping drive assembly 116. The first installation body 111 is in transmission connection with the first transmission assembly 120. The first installation body 111 is used to install and support the first upper clamping plate 112 and the first lower clamping plate 114. A first fixed sprocket 117 is provided on the first installation body 111. A first chain 118 is wound around the first fixed sprocket 117. The first upper clamping plate 112 and the first lower clamping plate 114 are both provided on a side of the first installation body 111 close to the second pre-pressing device 200, and the first upper clamping plate 112 and the first lower clamping plate 114 are connected by the first chain 118. The first upper clamping plate 112 and the first lower clamping plate 114 are both slidably connected to the first installation body 111. The first upper clamping shaft group 113 is disposed on the first upper clamping plate 112. The first lower clamping shaft group 115 is disposed on the first lower clamping plate 114. The first upper clamping shaft group 113 and the first lower clamping shaft group 115 each include a plurality of clamping shafts.

[0130] Please also see Figure 6In one embodiment, the first upper clamping shaft group 113 and the first lower clamping shaft group 115 each include two spaced wheel clamping shafts 101. The specific positions of the four wheel clamping shafts 101 can be set according to the size and shape of the wheel or brake disc. In addition, the first upper clamping shaft group 113 and the first lower clamping shaft group 115 also include two spaced and detachably mounted brake disc clamping shafts 102. The brake disc clamping shaft 102 is used to clamp the brake disc.

[0131] The first clamping drive assembly 116 is disposed on the first mounting body 111. The first clamping drive assembly 116 is drivingly connected to the first upper clamping plate 112. The first clamping drive assembly 116 is communicatively connected to the master control system 20. The first clamping drive assembly 116 may be a clamping oil cylinder. The first clamping drive assembly 116 is used to drive the first upper clamping plate 112 to slide upward. When the first upper clamping plate 112 slides upward, the first chain 118 moves downward around the first fixed sprocket 117. Under the action of gravity, the first chain 118 drives the first lower clamping plate 114 to slide downward, thereby loosening the first upper clamping shaft group 113 and the first lower clamping shaft group 115. The first clamping drive assembly 116 drives the first upper clamping plate 112 to slide downward, and the first chain 118 drives the first lower clamping plate 114 to slide upward, thereby clamping the first upper clamping shaft group 113 and the first lower clamping shaft group 115, thereby achieving the clamping and loosening of the wheel 50 or the brake disc. The design of this embodiment enables the first clamping drive component 116 to achieve clamping and loosening of the first upper clamping plate 112 and the first lower clamping plate 114 with minimal driving force, so as to facilitate the placement and removal of the wheel 50 or the brake disc, and has a simple structure; and during the process of clamping and loosening the first upper clamping plate 112 and the first lower clamping plate 114, it is possible to ensure that the center position of the clamping remains unchanged at all times, thereby improving the accuracy of the centering of the wheel 50 or the brake disc.

[0132] See also Figure 7 and Figure 8In one embodiment, the second clamping assembly 210 includes a second mounting body 211, a second upper clamping plate 212, a second upper clamping shaft group 213, a second lower clamping plate 214, a second lower clamping shaft group 215, and a second clamping drive assembly 216. The second mounting body 211 is disposed opposite to the first mounting body 111 with a spacing therebetween. The second mounting body 211 is in transmission connection with the second transmission assembly 220. The second mounting body 211 is used to mount and support the second upper clamping plate 212 and the second lower clamping plate 214. A second fixed sprocket 217 is disposed on the second mounting body 211. A second chain 218 is wound around the second fixed sprocket 217. The second upper clamping plate 212 and the second lower clamping plate 214 are both disposed on a side of the second mounting body 211 close to the first pre-pressing device 100, and the second upper clamping plate 212 and the second lower clamping plate 214 are connected by the second chain 218. The second upper clamping plate 212 is arranged opposite to the first upper clamping plate 112, and the second lower clamping plate 214 is arranged opposite to the first lower clamping plate 114. The second upper clamping plate 212 and the second lower clamping plate 214 are both slidably connected to the second mounting body 211. The second upper clamping shaft group 213 is arranged on the second upper clamping plate 212. The second lower clamping shaft group 215 is arranged on the second lower clamping plate 214. The second upper clamping shaft group 213 is arranged opposite to the first upper clamping shaft group 113, and the second lower clamping shaft group 215 is arranged opposite to the first lower clamping shaft group 115. The second upper clamping shaft group 213 and the second lower clamping shaft group 215 each include a plurality of clamping shafts. The arrangement of the clamping shafts is the same as that of the first clamping assembly 110, which will not be repeated here.

[0133] The second clamping drive assembly 216 is disposed on the second mounting body 211. The second clamping drive assembly 216 is drivingly connected to the second upper clamping plate 212. The second clamping drive assembly 216 is in communication connection with the master control system 20. The second clamping drive assembly 216 may be a clamping cylinder. The second clamping drive assembly 216 is used to drive the second upper clamping plate 212 to slide up and down. When the second upper clamping plate 212 slides up and down, the second lower clamping plate 214 is driven to slide up and down by the second chain 218, so that the second upper clamping shaft group 213 and the second lower clamping shaft group 215 are clamped and released, thereby achieving the clamping and releasing of the wheel 50 or the brake disc. The implementation method and the technical effect produced by this embodiment are the same as those of the first clamping assembly 110, and will not be repeated here.

[0134] When placing the wheel 50 or the brake disc, the master control system 20 controls the first clamping drive assembly 116 to operate, and the first clamping drive assembly 116 drives the first upper clamping disc 112 to move upward, and the first upper clamping disc 112 drives the first lower clamping disc 114 to move downward through the first chain 118, thereby increasing the distance between the first upper clamping shaft group 113 and the first lower clamping shaft group 115. The wheel 50 or the brake disc is placed, and the first upper clamping disc 112 and the first lower clamping disc 114 are driven to move, and the four clamping shafts clamp the wheel 50 or the brake disc with a preset fixing force value. At the same time, the master control system 20 controls the second clamping drive assembly 216 to move, and the second clamping drive assembly 216 drives the second upper clamping plate 212 to move upward, and the second upper clamping plate 212 drives the second lower clamping plate 214 to move downward through the second chain 218, so that the distance between the second upper clamping shaft group 213 and the second lower clamping shaft group 215 increases. The wheel 50 or the brake disc is placed, and the second upper clamping plate 212 and the second lower clamping plate 214 are driven to move, and the four clamping shafts clamp the wheel 50 or the brake disc with a preset fixed force value. Afterwards, the master control system can adjust the positions of the wheels 50 or the brake discs on both sides by driving the first upper clamping plate 112 and the second upper clamping plate 212 to move according to the model or size of the wheel 50 or the brake disc, so as to achieve the centering of the two wheels 50 or the brake discs.

[0135] In this embodiment, the first clamping assembly 110 and the second clamping assembly 210 are provided, and by adjusting the first upper clamping plate 112 and the second upper clamping plate 212 to move upward, the first lower clamping plate 114 and the second lower clamping plate 214 are driven to move downward, thereby realizing the clamping and centering of the wheel 50 or the brake disc by the first upper clamping shaft group 113 and the first lower clamping shaft group 115, and the second upper clamping shaft group 213 and the second lower clamping shaft group 215. The method is simple and feasible, and has high centering accuracy, thereby improving the assembly efficiency and accuracy of the wheelset pre-assembly.

[0136] One embodiment of the present application also provides a wheelset preassembly system. The wheelset preassembly system includes the wheelset preassembly equipment, a first material transport device, a second material transport device and a third material transport device as described above. The structure and beneficial effects of the wheelset preassembly equipment have been described above and will not be repeated here. The first transport device is used to transport the wheel 50 or the brake disc. The second material transport device is used to transport the axle 40. The third material transport device is used to transport the assembled wheelset. The specific structure, control method and operation method of the first material transport device and the second material transport device are not limited in this application, as long as their functions can be achieved. In a specific embodiment, the first material transport device and the second material transport device can be truss manipulators with different jaws. The third material transport device can be an AGV trolley.

[0137] The following is an example to introduce the working process of the wheelset pre-assembly system:

[0138] The first material transport device transports the pair of wheels 50 or brake discs to be assembled to the first pre-pressing device 100 and the second pre-pressing device 200 respectively. The master control system 20 controls the first pre-pressing drive assembly 130 and the second pre-pressing drive assembly 230 to work according to the information of the wheel 50 or the brake disc, drives the first transmission assembly 120 and the second transmission assembly 220 to move, and drives the first clamping assembly 110 and the second clamping assembly 210 to move toward each other to reach the pre-pressing position corresponding to the information of the wheel 50 or the brake disc. At the same time, the master control system 20 controls the first clamping drive assembly 116 and the second clamping drive assembly 216 to work, fine-tune the position of the wheel 50 or the brake disc, and realizes the centering of the wheel 50 or the brake disc on both sides.

[0139] Assume that the diameter of the axle 40 is 165 mm. The master control system 20 controls the lifting structure of the axle receiving device 30 to move to the loading position (when the diameter of the axle 40 is 165 mm, the loading position is: the position where the axis of the axle 40 is at a height A from the ground) according to the axle model information and diameter information of the axle 40. The second material transporting device transports the axle 40 with a diameter of 165 mm to the axle receiving device 30, and places the axle 40 on the lifting structure 310. The lifting structure 320 drives the lifting structure 310 to rise and fall. When the lifting structure 310 touches the zero position switch, the master control system 20 obtains the initial height B of the support arm from the ground. The master control system 20 calculates the distance difference from the current position to the target position, and controls the lifting structure 320 to rise and fall according to the distance difference. The target position refers to the centering position of the wheel or brake disc pre-installed corresponding to the axle 40, which is determined according to the type and size of the axle 40. The lifting structure 310 moves on the vertical rail to a height of 900 mm above the ground of the axle 40, so that the coaxiality of the wheel 50 or the brake disc to be pre-assembled is within 0.3 mm, so as to ensure that the wheel 50 or the brake disc can be smoothly inserted into the axle 40.

[0140] When the wheels 50 or brake discs on both sides are successfully inserted into the axle 40, the lifting structure 320 drives the lifting structure 310 to lift to the unloading position (when the diameter of the axle 40 is 165 mm, the unloading position is the position where the axis of the axle 40 is at a height C from the ground). At this time, the second material transport device is communicated to make the second material transport device move to the bottom of the lifting structure 310 of the axle receiving device 30. After the second material transport device is in place, the lifting structure 310 of the axle receiving device 30 is controlled to move downward to a height of 830 mm from the center of the axle 40 with a diameter of 165 mm to the ground. At this time, the axle 40 is placed on the first support arm 3121 and the second support arm 3122 of the second material transport device, and the lifting structure 310 avoids the lowest end of the axle 40. The second material transport device transports the pre-assembled wheelset to the next station - the axle press machine for press fitting. The loading position A height, initial B height, and unloading position C height described in this embodiment are different position heights.

[0141] It should be noted that the pre-pressing position, loading position, target position, unloading position of different types of axles, and the docking position of the second material transport device and the lifting structure are all calculated and determined based on the information of the wheel 50 or the brake disc, and the axle 40. The calculation method is not limited and can be selected according to actual needs. This application is intended to protect the structure and connection relationship of the wheelset pre-assembly equipment and system.

[0142] In another embodiment, when realizing the centering of the axle 40 of other diameters, position compensation calculation can be performed according to the diameter difference between the other axle 40 and the axle 40 of 165 mm, and the centering position of the axle 40 of the diameter, as well as the loading and unloading position, etc., can be obtained, and then adjustments can be made according to the obtained position information to realize the pre-assembly of the wheelset. In this way, the accuracy of position calculation can be improved, and the efficiency of position calculation and adjustment can be improved.

[0143] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A wheelset preassembly device, characterized in that: include: A pre-pressing device for placing the wheel or brake disc to be assembled; An axle receiving device is used to place the axles to be assembled; a general control system, which is in communication connection with the pre-pressing device and the axle receiving device, respectively, and is used to control the pre-pressing device and / or the axle receiving device to work according to the information of the wheel or brake disc and the axle, so as to adjust at least one of the position of the wheel or brake disc and the position of the axle, so as to realize the centering of the wheel or brake disc and the axle center; Wherein, the axle material receiving device comprises: A lifting structure, used for lifting the axle; A lifting structure, mechanically connected to the lifting structure, and used to drive the lifting structure to move up and down; The master control system is in communication connection with the lifting structure, and is used to control the lifting structure to work according to the information of the axle to adjust the height of the lifting structure; Wherein, the pre-pressing device comprises: Clamping assembly; A transmission assembly, transmission-connected to the clamping assembly; A pre-pressing driving assembly is drivingly connected to the transmission assembly and is used to drive the transmission assembly, thereby driving the clamping assembly to move; The master control system is in communication connection with the preload drive assembly, and the master control system is also used to control the operation of the preload drive assembly according to the information of the wheel or the brake disc; Wherein, the lifting structure comprises: A support assembly, slidably connected to the lifting structure; A bearing screw, rotatably connected to the support assembly; A load-bearing nut, drivingly connected to the load-bearing lead screw and fixedly connected to the lifting structure; A lifting drive assembly is connected to the bearing screw and is in communication with the master control system, and is used to drive the bearing screw to rotate; Wherein, the lifting structure comprises: A support frame mechanically connected to the lifting structure; A support arm is slidably connected to the support frame, one end of the support arm away from the support frame is a groove structure, and the end of the support arm away from the support frame is arranged in the direction of the pre-pressing device; The axle clamping member is an inverted L-shaped structure, which is arranged at one end of the support arm away from the support frame and is rotatably connected to the support arm. The axle clamping member is used to cooperate with the support arm to clamp the axle; an axle clamping drive assembly, which is rotatably connected to the support arm, drivingly connected to the axle clamping piece, and communicatively connected to the master control system, and the axle clamping drive assembly is used to drive the axle clamping piece to rotate; A lateral adjustment component is slidably connected to the support frame and fixedly connected to the support arm, and is used to drive the support arm to move laterally; the support arm includes: a first support arm, slidably connected to the support frame; a second support arm, slidably connected to the support frame, and spaced apart from the first support arm, and the distance between the second support arm and the first support arm is adjustable; A transverse positioning assembly is provided on the first support arm and is used to define the distance between the first support arm and the second support arm; the transverse positioning assembly comprises: a travel fixing plate, fixedly connected to the first support arm and having a fixing hole; a positioning member, fixed to the second support arm and having a positioning hole; a positioning pin, provided on the positioning member and capable of passing through the positioning hole and being inserted into the fixing hole; Wherein, the clamping assembly comprises: An installation body, which is transmission-connected to the transmission assembly, and a fixed sprocket is provided on the installation body; An upper clamping plate, slidably connected to the mounting body; An upper clamping shaft group, arranged on the upper clamping plate; A lower clamping plate is slidably connected to the mounting body, and the upper clamping plate is connected to the lower clamping plate via a chain wound around the fixed sprocket; A lower clamping shaft assembly is arranged on the lower clamping plate; a clamping drive assembly is arranged on the mounting body, drivingly connected to the upper clamping plate, and communicatingly connected to the master control system, and is used to drive the upper clamping plate to slide upward, and drive the lower clamping plate to slide downward through the chain; and is used to drive the upper clamping plate to slide downward, and drive the lower clamping plate to slide upward through the chain; The upper clamping shaft group and the lower clamping shaft group each include two spaced-apart wheel clamping shafts for clamping the wheel; the upper clamping shaft group and the lower clamping shaft group also include two spaced-apart and detachably installed brake disc clamping shafts for clamping the brake disc.

2. The wheelset preassembly equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting structure comprises: The axle position measuring device is arranged on the support assembly and is connected to the master control system for communication, and is used to obtain the distance between the axis center of the axle and the reference surface.

3. The wheelset preassembly equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lifting structure also includes: An upper limit device, arranged on the support assembly, is in communication connection with the master control system and is used to limit the rising position of the bearing nut; A lower limit device is arranged on the support assembly, is communicatively connected with the master control system, and is used to limit the descending position of the bearing nut.

4. The wheelset preassembly equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting structure further comprises: The third support arm is fixedly connected to the support frame and is used to support the gear box.

5. The wheelset preassembly equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-pressing device also includes: A position detection component is arranged on the transmission component and is in communication connection with the master control system. The position detection component is used to detect the current position of the clamping component.

6. The wheelset preassembly equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The pre-pressing device comprises: A first pre-pressing device; a second pre-pressing device, arranged opposite to the first pre-pressing device with a gap; The axle material receiving device is arranged between the first pre-pressing device and the second pre-pressing device.

7. The wheelset preassembly equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: Also includes: The rigid tension beam assembly is arranged in a direction parallel to the connection line of the first pre-pressing device and the second pre-pressing device, and is connected between the first pre-pressing device and the second pre-pressing device.

8. A wheelset preassembly system, characterized in that: include: The wheelset preassembly device according to any one of claims 1 to 7; A first material transport device, used for transporting the wheel or brake disc; A second material transport device, used for transporting the axle; The third material transport device is used to transport the pre-assembled wheelsets.

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