A power taking ring, high-voltage power grid contact point temperature detection device and monitoring system

Abstract

The application designs a power taking ring, a high-voltage power grid contact point temperature detection device and a monitoring system. The power taking ring is arranged around a columnar conductor close to the high-voltage power grid contact point. The power taking ring comprises multiple thermocouples. The multiple thermocouples are arranged along the circumference of the columnar conductor in the order from the first thermocouple to the last thermocouple. Each thermocouple is composed of a first conductor and a second conductor made of different materials. The defined hot ends of the first conductors and the second conductors of each thermocouple are connected to each other, and the defined cold ends of the first conductors and the second conductors of each thermocouple are not connected to each other. An insulating heat conducting layer is arranged on the inner side of the power taking ring. The defined hot ends of the thermocouples are arranged close to the insulating heat conducting layer. An insulating heat insulating layer is additionally arranged on the outer side of the defined hot ends of the thermocouples. The defined cold ends of the thermocouples are arranged outside the insulating heat insulating layer by being bent outward. The application collects the contact point temperature by using a wireless module. The power is completely self-sufficient. The installation of the connecting line and the possible adverse effects caused by the power grid are eliminated. The installation convenience is greatly improved. The temperature measurement system combination expansion is greatly facilitated.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of measurement and control technology, and relates to temperature detection technology, in particular to wireless temperature detection of high-voltage grid contact points. BACKGROUND

[0002] There are a large number of electrical connection points in high-voltage grids and electrical appliances. Due to the existence of contact point resistance, heat is difficult to avoid in the large current working state, and excessive heat will lead to a series of problems such as contact point welding and insulation failure, thereby bringing major safety hazards to the operation of the power grid.

[0003] The implementation of artificial non-contact electrical contact temperature measurement with infrared temperature measurement tools has been widely used in many power transmission and transformation systems. Building a multi-point temperature inspection system is also one of the main detection techniques for monitoring the heating of contact points in the power grid. The former method requires manual point-by-point detection and data collection, and the latter method involves numerous contact point connections, which are often not allowed in power transmission and transformation stations. One way to solve the problem is to build a wireless multi-point temperature detection system to realize automatic collection and analysis of the temperature data of the heating points. However, this method requires the wireless temperature measurement unit to be equipped with a long-term power supply, and the battery-powered power supply still has limitations in terms of power supply duration and installation volume.

[0004] The traditional temperature inspection system collects temperature signals from multi-point temperature collection sensors and transmits them to the temperature inspection instrument in a wired manner. This system composition method requires each temperature sensor to be independently attached and installed at the temperature measurement point, and a connection wire is needed to introduce the signal into the inspection instrument, which is often not allowed or requires a more tedious construction investment in high-voltage power grids.

[0005] The improved multi-point temperature detection system has a wireless temperature collection module network and collects the collected temperature signals to the host computer, solving the problem of connection wires from sensors to the host computer that are not suitable for high-voltage grid wiring. However, the wireless temperature collection module requires a power supply for work and wireless signal communication. Even with a low-power circuit design, the module's small-capacity lithium battery can only maintain a working life of several years, and the more frequent signal collection and communication, the more power is consumed, and the shorter the maintenance time.

[0006] The conductive body with a large current passing through may supply power to the temperature collection module in an inductive power supply mode, but on the high-voltage power grid, the structure of the power supply device and how to ensure stable power supply when the current changes greatly need to be considered. SUMMARY

[0007] The application aims at solving the above problems in the prior art, and provides a passive high-voltage power grid contact point temperature detection device, which directly obtains electric energy from a high-voltage power grid contact point by using the thermoelectric effect, and supplies power to a temperature collection device circuit after a specific structure and circuit connection and voltage stabilization.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the application first designs a power taking ring for taking electric energy from a high-voltage power grid contact point according to the thermoelectric effect, the power taking ring is arranged around a columnar conductor body close to the high-voltage power grid contact point, and the power taking ring comprises multiple thermocouples, which are arranged in a circumferential direction along the columnar conductor body in an order from a first thermocouple to a last thermocouple.

[0009] Each thermocouple is composed of a first conductor and a second conductor made of different materials, and the defined hot ends of the first conductor and the second conductor of each thermocouple are connected to each other, and the defined cold ends are not connected to each other.

[0010] The defined cold end of the first conductor of the first thermocouple is used as a first external connection end of the power taking ring, the defined cold end of the second conductor of the first thermocouple is connected to the defined cold end of the first conductor of a thermocouple adjacent to the rear of the first thermocouple, and the defined cold end of the first conductor of the last thermocouple is connected to the defined cold end of the second conductor of a thermocouple adjacent to the front of the last thermocouple, and the defined cold end of the second conductor of the last thermocouple is used as a second external connection end of the power taking ring.

[0011] An insulating heat conducting layer is arranged on the inner side of the power taking ring and tightly contacts the cylindrical surface of the columnar conductor body, the defined hot ends of the thermocouples are arranged close to the insulating heat conducting layer, an insulating heat insulation layer is additionally arranged on the outer side of the defined hot ends of the thermocouples, and the defined cold ends of the thermocouples are arranged on the outer side of the insulating heat insulation layer by being bent outward.

[0012] Further, the defined hot ends of the first conductor and the second conductor of each thermocouple are connected to a third conductor, the third conductor has a sheet structure, and the inner side of the third conductor tightly contacts the insulating heat conducting layer.

[0013] Further, the defined hot end of the first conductor of each thermocouple is connected to a first end of the third conductor, and the defined hot end of the second conductor is connected to a second end of the third conductor.

[0014] Further, the defined cold ends of the first conductor and the second conductor of the two adjacent thermocouples can be directly connected, such as being welded to each other, or can be connected by a conductive wire, that is, the defined cold ends of the first conductor and the second conductor are respectively connected to two ends of a conductive wire.

[0015] Further, the first conductor and the second conductor of the thermocouple are respectively composed of a first axial segment, a radial segment and a second axial segment, an insulation and heat insulation layer is arranged between the first axial segment and the second axial segment, one end of the first axial segment of the first conductor is a hot end of the first conductor, the other end is connected with an inner end of the radial segment of the first conductor, an outer end of the radial segment of the first conductor is connected with one end of the second axial segment of the first conductor, the other end of the second axial segment of the first conductor is a cold end of the first conductor, one end of the first axial segment of the second conductor is a hot end of the second conductor, the other end is connected with an inner end of the radial segment of the second conductor, an outer end of the radial segment of the second conductor is connected with one end of the second axial segment of the second conductor, the other end of the second axial segment of the second conductor is a cold end of the second conductor.

[0016] Based on the foregoing electricity taking ring, the application further designs a high-voltage power grid contact point temperature detection device taking electricity based on thermoelectric effect, comprising:

[0017] a detection circuit, comprising a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the power grid contact point, and a detection signal processing circuit for processing the detection signal of the temperature sensor;

[0018] a wireless communication module for wirelessly transmitting the power grid contact point temperature information obtained by the detection circuit to the outside;

[0019] a power supply circuit for supplying power to the detection circuit;

[0020] The power supply circuit comprises the electricity taking ring, a rechargeable battery, a charging circuit and a voltage stabilizing circuit as described above, the input end of the charging circuit is connected with the output end of the electricity taking ring, the output end of the charging circuit is connected with the rechargeable battery, the output ends of the electricity taking ring and the rechargeable battery are respectively connected with the input end of the voltage stabilizing circuit, and the output end of the voltage stabilizing circuit is connected with the power supply output end of the power supply circuit, and the power supply output end of the power supply circuit is connected with the detection circuit, the wireless communication module and the power supply input end.

[0021] Further, the electricity taking ring can be a closed ring structure matching the size of the large current pipe column, or a flexible ring belt fixedly installed by tensioning and locking. When the former is selected, the electronic elements constituting the detection signal processing circuit, the charging circuit and the voltage stabilizing circuit can be arranged on a circuit board, the temperature sensor and the hot end of the thermocouple in the electricity taking ring are arranged on the same level, and the wireless communication module and the circuit board are fixed opposite to the ring. The latter has better matching adaptability between different specifications of large current pipe columns, and the circuit board can also be selected as a flexible board and a hard board, or different auxiliary mounting structures can be designed.

[0022] The temperature collection of the electrical contact point can be realized by contact type temperature measurement methods such as thermistors, metal thermistors and integrated temperature sensors. The thermocouple used for electricity taking can also obtain temperature values through the output of thermoelectric potential values in principle, but this temperature value collection method is not recommended when the thermocouple is used as a power supply.

[0023] Based on the aforementioned detection device, the present invention further provides a high-voltage power grid contact temperature monitoring system, including a system computer for remote monitoring, and high-voltage power grid contact temperature detection devices installed at each high-voltage power grid contact point. The system receives detection signals from multiple nearby power grid contact temperature detection devices wirelessly and forwards them to the wireless relay transceiver of the system computer. The high-voltage power grid contact temperature detection device is the one described above.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Existing multi-point temperature monitoring systems typically use wired connections to collect temperatures from multiple measurement points onto the system host. The numerous wires significantly increase the labor intensity of installation and construction, and may also affect the installation of high-voltage electrical equipment. This invention uses a wireless module to collect electrical contact temperatures, and is completely self-powered. This eliminates the potential adverse effects of power grid issues caused by wiring installations and greatly improves installation convenience. The maintenance-free approach effectively addresses the issue of subsequent maintenance investment in the temperature measurement module. Furthermore, the number of temperature measurement points is no longer limited by the number of hardware interfaces, but is only determined by the number of channels limited by the repeater transceiver, which is software-defined, greatly facilitating the combination and expansion of the temperature measurement system. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a series circuit of multiple thermocouples according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a ring structure formed by multiple thermocouples connected in series according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the heat insulation ring of the current-taking ring of the present invention when it is not fitted together with multiple series thermocouples;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the heat insulation ring of the current-taking ring of the present invention assembled with multiple series thermocouples.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the current-collecting ring of the present invention mounted on a conductive post;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a circuit block diagram of the high-voltage power grid contact temperature detection device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the high-voltage power grid contact temperature monitoring system of the present invention.

[0032] The reference numerals in the attached figures are as follows: 1. Conductive post; 2. Insulation ring; 3. External connection end; 4. First axial section; 5. Radial section; 6. Second axial section; E. Hot end; F. Cold end; A. First conductor; B. Second conductor; C. Conductive copper sheet; C1. First conductive copper sheet; C2. Second conductive copper sheet; C3. Third conductive copper sheet; C4. Fourth conductive copper sheet; C5. Fifth conductive copper sheet; C6. Sixth conductive copper sheet; C7. Seventh conductive copper sheet; C8. First conductive wire; D1. Seventh conductive wire; D7. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The structural features and application principles of the detection device and system described in this invention will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] I. Principle of the Electrostatic Take-off Ring Structure

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, based on the thermoelectric effect, a thermocouple is formed by combining two metal conductors of different compositions. When there is a temperature difference between the hot junction E and the cold junction F of the thermocouple, a thermoelectric potential will be generated in the thermocouple circuit. The present invention uses a tapping ring to connect multiple thermocouples in series to obtain the combined potential of the thermocouple group. E Its circuit schematic is shown below. Figure 1 Multiple thermocouples connected in series are arranged in a ring shape to form a thermocouple assembly. See the structural diagram below. Figure 2 As shown.

[0036] like Figures 1-4 As shown, in terms of structural design, for the columnar conductive branch structure on the high-voltage connector, the annular thermocouple assembly is fitted on the edge of the high-current contact of the conductive post 1 branch, while the cold junction F of the thermocouple can be isolated from the hot junction E as much as possible.

[0037] To ensure that the hot junction E of the thermocouple receives heat from the conductive post 1 more effectively, a conductive copper sheet C with a larger heat exchange surface is placed against the conductive post 1. The conductive copper sheet can be tightly attached to the contact surface of the high-current conductive post 1. This arrangement ensures a reliable temperature for the hot junction E. Then, the hot junction E of the thermocouple is connected to the conductive copper sheet. An insulating thermally conductive layer (not shown) is mounted on the cylindrical surface of the current-taking ring, tightly attached to the conductive post 1. During use, this insulating thermally conductive layer provides insulation between the conductive post 1 and the conductive copper sheet.

[0038] The hot junction E and the cold junction F of the thermocouple are isolated by a heat-insulating ring 2 made of high-performance heat-insulating material, which makes it easy for the hot and cold junctions E to form a precise temperature difference and generate an electric potential.

[0039] The following describes in detail the installation structure of the power take-up ring at the contact of conductive post 1:

[0040] exist Figure 1 , Figure 2In the example shown, the current-taking ring consists of eight thermocouples arranged circumferentially along the insulation ring. These eight thermocouples are, in order, the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth thermocouples. Each thermocouple consists of a first conductor A and a second conductor B made of different metallic materials. The cold junction F of the first conductor A of the first thermocouple and the cold junction F of the second conductor B of the eighth thermocouple serve as the two external connection terminals 3 of the current-taking ring. The hot junction E of the first conductor A of the first thermocouple and the hot junction E of the second conductor B of the first thermocouple are connected by a first conductive copper sheet C1. The cold junction F of the second conductor B of the first thermocouple is connected to... The cold junction F of the first conductor A of the second thermocouple is connected by the first conductive wire D1. The hot junction E of the first conductor A of the second thermocouple is connected to the hot junction E of the second conductor B of the second thermocouple by the second conductive copper sheet C2. ... The hot junction E of the first conductor A of the seventh thermocouple is connected to the hot junction E of the second conductor B of the seventh thermocouple by the seventh conductive copper sheet C7. The cold junction F of the second conductor B of the seventh thermocouple is connected to the cold junction F of the first conductor A of the eighth thermocouple by the seventh conductive wire D7. The hot junction E of the first conductor A of the eighth thermocouple is connected to the hot junction E of the second conductor B of the eighth thermocouple by the eighth conductive copper sheet C8.

[0041] Each thermocouple has a three-segment structure consisting of a first axial segment 4, a radial segment 5, and a second axial segment 6. The first end of the first axial segment 4 serves as the hot end E of both conductors A and B, connected to the conductive copper sheet. The second end of the first axial segment 4 is connected to the inner end of the radial segment 5, and the outer end of the radial segment 5 is connected to the first end of the second axial segment 6. The second end of the second axial segment 6 extends axially towards the first end of the first axial segment 4, and serves as the cold end F of both conductors A and B.

[0042] The first axial segment 4 of the first conductor A and the second conductor B of each thermocouple, along with each conductive copper sheet, are located on the same level inside the insulation ring 2. The second axial segment 6 of the first conductor A and the second conductor B of each thermocouple, along with each conductive wire, are located on the same level outside the insulation ring 2. To ensure reliable heat exchange between the conductive copper sheets and the surface of the conductive post 1 in the thermocouple assembly, the tapping ring structure is designed to allow the thermocouple assembly and the insulation ring 2 to be tightened and fixed. For example, [the following is an example of a specific design element]. Figure 2 The thermocouple assembly and insulation layer are designed as open-loop flexible strips, secured with nylon chain buckles (as an alternative implementation, not shown).

[0043] This thermoelectric power generation method is suitable for both AC and DC transmission applications, and is significantly superior to the coil induction power generation method, which is only applicable to AC transmission applications. The heat insulation ring 2 in the thermoelectric power generation also helps to obtain a relatively accurate temperature rise value of the electrical contacts.

[0044] II. Detection Device

[0045] The temperature sensor can be a thermistor, metal resistor, or other temperature sensor. The temperature sensor used to acquire the contact temperature is arranged on the same layer as the conductive copper strip, and a separate temperature sensor is configured to detect the ambient temperature. The temperature rise caused by the high current is obtained by combining the values ​​from the two temperature sensors, serving as a basis for evaluating the contact resistance and joint problems of the high-current contact.

[0046] The circuit block diagram of the detection device is as follows: Figure 6 As shown. When the electrical energy generated by the thermocouple assembly is sufficient to support the operation of the microcontroller's detection and communication circuits, it can directly power the circuit system. When the thermocouple has surplus electrical energy, it can charge the battery pack; even when the thermocouple's thermal potential is very small, it can still charge the battery pack.

[0047] The inclusion of a battery pack is based on the consideration of power supply redundancy design in the circuit system. Without a battery pack, the circuit system operates only when the thermocouples generate sufficient power; it stops operating when the temperature difference is too small to meet the required power generation. Considering the actual needs of electrical contact temperature measurement, it is permissible not to measure temperature when the contact temperature rise is relatively small. With the battery pack, the circuit system can still operate even with no or very small contact temperature rises, demonstrating its advantages when it is necessary to shorten the temperature difference acquisition cycle or increase the frequency of wireless communication.

[0048] Considering the efficient use of generated electrical energy, the circuit system is preferably designed according to low power consumption standards; and the frequency of temperature acquisition, especially wireless communication, is limited according to reasonable control requirements.

[0049] III. Monitoring System

[0050] Reference Figure 7 The monitoring system consists of three parts: multiple contact temperature detection devices, wireless repeater transceivers, and a computer system. The repeater transceivers primarily collect the temperature values ​​of each power grid contact from the various contact temperature detection devices and transmit them to the system computer. They can also receive commands from the system computer to wake up the contact temperature detection devices and configure their operating modes. The system computer analyzes the environmental conditions of each contact to determine if the temperature rise is within the allowable range. If it exceeds the allowable range, it can issue warnings and maintenance prompts.

[0051] IV. Application Implementation Process

[0052] In terms of structure and assembly, multiple pairs of thermocouples are connected in series to form a thermocouple assembly. The hot junction (E) of each thermocouple is connected to a conductive copper strip, used to adhere to the surface of the high-current column to obtain the hot spot temperature. All related cold junctions (F) are isolated from the hot junctions (E) by thermal insulation material and are positioned on the outside of the insulation material to obtain the ambient cold junction temperature (F). The thermocouple assembly and the insulation material layer can be made into a single flexible strip, fixed to the connector edge of the high-current column by binding. The related working circuit board can also be fixed to the outer surface of the insulation layer. The sensor for collecting the heating temperature of the high-current column connector is embedded along the edge of the copper strip at the thermocouple measuring end; the sensor for collecting the ambient temperature is directly arranged on the circuit board.

[0053] In its working principle, the thermocouple series assembly generates electrical energy, which, after being regulated by the battery pack voltage regulator circuit, powers the entire temperature detection circuit. Dual temperature sensors are used to collect the temperature of the high-current contact joint and the ambient temperature to assess and determine the contact temperature rise. The measured temperature (or temperature rise) value is transmitted to an external data receiving terminal / relay via WiFi or Bluetooth communication. When the voltage acquisition value is too low, the circuit system enters a sleep state due to insufficient power supply. This also means that the temperature difference between the hot junction E and the cold junction F of the thermocouple assembly is small, resulting in a low temperature rise at the corresponding high-current contact joint, thus eliminating the need for monitoring. Of course, if the thermocouple assembly output potential is low, but the battery pack voltage is sufficient to drive the circuit, the temperature value can still be acquired and output. The specific temperature acquisition control cycle can be determined by the microcontroller system or external commands. Figure 7 The power grid contact temperature monitoring system shown can be freely combined to meet the requirements of wireless relay transceiver channel capacity and distribution area to determine the scale of the monitoring system.

Claims

1. A power-collecting ring for drawing power from a high-voltage power grid connection, the power-collecting ring being arranged around a cylindrical conductor near the high-voltage power grid connection, characterized in that, The current-collecting ring includes multiple thermocouples, which are arranged in a ring shape along the circumference of the columnar conductor in order from the first thermocouple to the last thermocouple. Each thermocouple consists of a first conductor and a second conductor made of different materials. The hot junctions of the first and second conductors of each thermocouple are connected to each other, while their cold junctions are not connected to each other. The cold end of the first conductor of the first thermocouple is defined as the first external connection terminal of the current collection ring. The cold end of the second conductor of the first thermocouple is connected to the cold end of the first conductor of the thermocouple that is adjacent to it, and so on. The cold end of the first conductor of the last thermocouple is connected to the cold end of the second conductor of the thermocouple that is adjacent to it. The cold end of the second conductor of the last thermocouple is defined as the second external connection terminal of the current collection ring. An insulating and heat-conducting layer is provided on the radial inner side of the current-taking ring, which is mounted on the cylindrical surface of the columnar conductor. The hot junction of each thermocouple is arranged in close contact with the insulating and heat-conducting layer. An annular insulating and heat-insulating layer is added on the radial outer side of the hot junction of the thermocouple. The cold junction of each thermocouple is bent outwards radially and arranged on the outer side of the annular insulating and heat-insulating layer. The power-taking ring is a closed loop structure; the power-taking ring is a flexible ring that can be fixedly installed by tightening and locking.

2. The power-taking ring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hot ends of the first and second conductors of each thermocouple are connected to a third conductor, which is a sheet-like structure with its inner side tightly attached to the insulating and thermally conductive layer.

3. The power-taking ring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cold ends of the first and second conductors of two adjacent thermocouples are either directly connected or connected by a conductive wire.

4. The power-taking ring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first and second conductors of the thermocouple are respectively composed of a first axial segment, a radial segment, and a second axial segment. An insulating and heat-insulating layer is provided between the first axial segment and the second axial segment. One end of the first axial segment of the first conductor is the hot end of the first conductor, and the other end is connected to the inner end of the radial segment of the first conductor. The outer end of the radial segment of the first conductor is connected to one end of the second axial segment of the first conductor, and the other end of the second axial segment of the first conductor is the cold end of the first conductor. One end of the first axial segment of the second conductor is the hot end of the second conductor, and the other end is connected to the inner end of the radial segment of the second conductor. The outer end of the radial segment of the second conductor is connected to one end of the second axial segment of the second conductor, and the other end of the second axial segment of the second conductor is the cold end of the second conductor.

5. A high-voltage power grid contact temperature detection device that utilizes the thermoelectric effect for power generation, comprising: The detection circuit includes a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the power grid contacts and a detection signal processing circuit for processing the detection signal from the temperature sensor. The wireless communication module is used to wirelessly transmit the grid contact temperature information obtained by the detection circuit. Power supply circuit, used to supply power to the detection circuit; Its features are, The power supply circuit includes a power-taking ring as described in any one of claims 1-4, a rechargeable battery, a charging circuit, and a voltage regulator circuit. The input terminal of the charging circuit is connected to the output terminal of the power-taking ring, the output terminal of the charging circuit is connected to the rechargeable battery, the output terminal of the power-taking ring and the output terminal of the rechargeable battery are respectively connected to the input terminal of the voltage regulator circuit, and the output terminal of the voltage regulator circuit serves as the power output terminal of the power supply circuit, which is respectively connected to the detection circuit, the wireless communication module, and the power input terminal.

6. The high-voltage power grid contact temperature detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The power take-up ring is a closed ring structure whose size matches that of the high-current column. The electronic components that constitute the detection signal processing circuit, charging circuit and voltage regulation circuit are set on the circuit board. The temperature sensor and the hot junction of the thermocouple in the power take-up ring are set on the same level. The wireless communication module and the circuit board are fixed relative to the ring.

7. The high-voltage power grid contact temperature detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The power-collecting ring is a flexible ring band, which is fixedly installed by tightening and locking. The circuit board is a flexible board.

8. A high-voltage power grid contact temperature monitoring system, comprising a system computer for remote monitoring, high-voltage power grid contact temperature detection devices installed at each high-voltage power grid contact, used to wirelessly receive detection signals from multiple nearby high-voltage power grid contact temperature detection devices and forward them to the system computer via a wireless relay transceiver, characterized in that... The high-voltage power grid contact temperature detection device is the high-voltage power grid contact temperature detection device according to any one of claims 5-7.

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