A multi-parameter standard sample of a large gear

Abstract

The present invention discloses a large gear multi-parameter standard template, which is in the shape of a toothed ring with a symmetrical structure as a whole, and includes an outer cylindrical surface of a reference-level gear helix template and an inner tooth surface of a reference-level spur gear; straight tooth grooves, left-handed tooth grooves and right-handed tooth grooves are provided on the outer cylindrical surface of the helix template, and the left-handed tooth grooves and the right-handed tooth grooves are symmetrically arranged relative to the straight tooth grooves; the left-handed tooth grooves and the right-handed tooth grooves include tooth grooves at multiple different angles, and involute helicoid surfaces with the same helix angle are provided on both sides of each tooth groove; the present invention integrates gear involute parameter calibration, gear helix parameter calibration and standard gear calibration, and has the advantages of simple structure, simple measurement method, multi-functional integration and high measurement accuracy, and solves the problem that multiple standard templates with different structures and functions are required in the traditional method to calibrate multiple parameter values of the instrument.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of precision gear testing, and more specifically, to a large gear multi-parameter standard template. Background Art

[0002] For the measurement of large gears, a gantry-type coordinate measuring machine or other special equipment is mostly used. To ensure the consistency and reliability of the measurement results of large gears, it is necessary to calibrate the large gear testing equipment.

[0003] The gear standard is a measuring instrument used for calibrating various gear measuring instruments, mainly including gear involute templates, gear helix templates, and standard gears. The functions of each type of standard are different. Among them, the gear involute template is used to transfer the gear involute parameter values and determine and correct the instrument involute indication error. According to the traditional design method, the function of each standard is single. If it is necessary to calibrate multiple parameter values of the instrument, multiple standard templates with different structures and functions are required. However, for the standard of large gear measuring instruments, the traditional design concept is no longer applicable. This is because the large standard has a large size and a large mass, and it is not convenient to adjust during the transportation and use processes, especially when multiple large standards need to be applied.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a large gear multi-parameter standard template is an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the above technical problems in the prior art, and provides a large gear multi-parameter standard template.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A large gear multi-parameter standard template, which is in the shape of a toothed ring with a symmetric structure as a whole, and includes the outer cylindrical surface of the reference-level gear helix template and the inner tooth surface of the reference-level spur gear.

[0008] On the outer cylindrical surface of the helix template, there are straight tooth grooves, left-handed tooth grooves, and right-handed tooth grooves, and the left-handed tooth grooves and the right-handed tooth grooves are symmetrically arranged with respect to the straight tooth grooves.

[0009] The left-handed tooth grooves and the right-handed tooth grooves include multiple tooth grooves with different angles, and both sides of each tooth groove have involute helicoid surfaces with the same helix angle.

[0010] Furthermore, there is a ring of bosses on the upper end surface of the standard template, and the axis of the bosses coincides with the center of the circle of the inner tooth surface.

[0011] Further, the left-handed tooth grooves include a left-handed 15° tooth groove, a left-handed 30° tooth groove, and a left-handed 45° tooth groove.

[0012] Further, the right-handed tooth grooves include a right-handed 15° tooth groove, a right-handed 30° tooth groove, and a right-handed 45° tooth groove.

[0013] A method for using a large gear multi-parameter standard template includes the following steps:

[0014] Step (1) Establish the coordinate system OXYZ of the standard template: Place the large gear multi-parameter standard template on the measurement instrument platform to be calibrated. Use the probe of the instrument to measure multiple evenly distributed points on the upper plane of the standard template. After constructing the plane, obtain the Z-axis of the standard template coordinate system; Measure multiple evenly distributed points on the outer side of the boss on the upper end surface of the standard template. After constructing the circle, use the center of the circle as the coordinate origin O of the standard template coordinate system; Measure one point on each of the left and right tooth surfaces of the straight tooth groove on the outer cylindrical surface of the helical line template. The two points are symmetrically arranged. Use the midpoint of the line connecting the two points and the line connecting the coordinate origin O as the X-axis of the standard template coordinate system; Obtain the Y-axis using the orthogonal relationship with X and Z, and thus establish the coordinate system OXYZ of the standard template;

[0015] Step (2) Gear involute parameter calibration: Conduct involute tooth profile measurement on all tooth grooves on the outer cylindrical surface. The measurement position of the involute tooth profile is at the middle section of the entire template thickness. Use the probe of the measurement instrument to measure the involute tooth profile in each tooth groove, and respectively obtain the actual involute tooth profile deviation values F’ αs , F’ αL15 , F’ αL30 , F’ αL45 , F’ αR15 , F’ αR30 , F’ αR45。 Subtract the nominal reference value from the actual measurement result to obtain the tooth profile measurement indication error of the measurement instrument corresponding to each external tooth: △F αs =F’ αs -F αs , △F αL15 =F’ αL15 -F αL15 , △F αL30 =F’ αL30 -F αL30 , △F αL45 =F’ αL45 -F αL45 , △F αR15 =F’ αR15 -F αR15 , △F αR30 =F’ αR30 -F αR30 , △F αR45 =F’ αR45 -FαR45 ;

[0016] Measurement of the involute tooth profile of internal teeth: In the internal tooth surface with the xy-axis coordinate system, select four equally distributed tooth grooves at 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270°. Use the probe of the instrument to carry out involute tooth profile measurement on the 4 equally distributed tooth grooves of the internal teeth, and the indicated error of tooth profile measurement of the corresponding internal teeth can be obtained: △F α0 = F’ α0 - F α0 , △F α90 = F’ α90 - F α90 , △F α180 = F’ α180 - F α180 , △F α270 = F’ α270 - F α270 .

[0017] In step (3), use the probe of the measuring instrument to measure the helix in each tooth groove of the outer cylindrical surface. The measuring position of the helix is on the pitch circle of the gear, and the actual helix deviation value F’ can be obtained respectively βs, F’ βL15 , F’ βL30 , F’ βL45, F’ βR15, F’ βR30, F’ βR45。 Subtracting the nominal reference value from the actual measurement result can obtain the indicated error of helix measurement of the measuring instrument corresponding to each type of external teeth: △F βs = F’ βs - F βs , △F βL15 = F’ βL15 - F βL15 , △F βL30 = F’ βL30 - F βL30 , △F βL45 = F’ βL45 - F βL45 , △F βR15 = F’ βR15 - F βR15 , △F βR30 = F’ βR30 - F βR30 , △F βR45 = F’ βR45 - F βR45 .

[0018] Similarly, use the probe of the instrument to carry out helix measurement on the 4 equally distributed tooth grooves of the internal tooth surface, and the indicated error of helix measurement of the corresponding internal teeth can be obtained: △F β0 = F’ β0 - F β0, △F β90 = F’ β90 - F β90 , △F β180 = F’ β180 - F β180 , △F β270 = F’ β270 - F β270 .

[0019] Step (4): Use the probe of the measuring instrument to measure one point on the left and right tooth surfaces of all internal tooth grooves. The position of the tooth pitch measurement point is the intersection of the gear pitch circle and the middle section of the tooth thickness. The actual internal tooth pitch deviation value F’ can be calculated using all the measurement points. P。 Subtracting the nominal reference value from the actual measurement result can obtain the tooth pitch measurement indication error of the measuring instrument corresponding to the internal teeth: △F P = F’ P - F P .

[0020] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a large gear multi-parameter standard template, which has a symmetrical structure, balanced mass, integrates gear involute parameter calibration, gear helix parameter calibration and standard gear calibration, solves the problem that the traditional method requires multiple standard templates with different structures and functions to calibrate multiple parameter values of the instrument, and improves the calibration efficiency of large gears; it can be used for a coordinate measuring machine for measuring large gears without a rotary table, and can also be used for the calibration of a special large gear measuring instrument with a rotary table. It has the advantages of simple structure, simple measurement method, multi-functional integration and high measurement accuracy, meets the calibration of high-precision large gear measuring instruments, and is convenient for transportation and installation adjustment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram provided by the present invention

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of establishing the coordinate system of the standard template of the present invention

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of involute parameter calibration of the present invention

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of helix parameter calibration of the present invention

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram for calibrating the tooth pitch parameter of the present invention.

[0027] Wherein:

[0028] 1 - Outer cylindrical surface of the helical line template; 2 - Inner tooth surface; 3 - Straight tooth groove; 4 - Left-handed 15° tooth groove; 5 - Left-handed 30° tooth groove; 6 - Left-handed 45° tooth groove; 7 - Right-handed 15° tooth groove; 8 - Right-handed 30° tooth groove; 9 - Right-handed 45° tooth groove; 10 - Boss. Specific embodiments

[0029] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0031] An embodiment of the present invention discloses a large gear multi-parameter standard template, as Figure 1 shown, the whole is in the shape of a toothed ring with a symmetric structure, including the outer cylindrical surface 1 of the reference-level gear helical line template and the inner tooth surface 2 of the reference-level straight-tooth gear;

[0032] The outer cylindrical surface 1 of the helical line template is provided with a straight tooth groove 3, left-handed tooth grooves and right-handed tooth grooves, and the left-handed tooth grooves and right-handed tooth grooves are symmetrically arranged with respect to the straight tooth groove; the left-handed tooth grooves include a left-handed 15° tooth groove 4, a left-handed 30° tooth groove 5 and a left-handed 45° tooth groove 6, and the right-handed tooth grooves include a right-handed 15° tooth groove 7, a right-handed 30° tooth groove 8 and a right-handed 45° tooth groove 9; both sides of each left-handed or right-handed tooth groove have involute helical surfaces with the same helix angle.

[0033] Furthermore, a circle of bosses 10 is provided on the upper end surface of the standard template, and the axis of the bosses 10 coincides with the center of the inner tooth surface 2, which is convenient for positioning and the establishment of the three-dimensional coordinate system of the standard template.

[0034] In a specific embodiment, the outer diameter of the template is 1000 mm and the inner diameter is 672 mm. The specific parameters are as follows in the table:

[0035]

[0036] A method for using a multi-parameter standard template for large gears, comprising the following steps:

[0037] Step (1) Establish the coordinate system OXYZ of the standard template: Place the multi-parameter standard template for large gears on the platform of the measuring instrument to be calibrated. Use the probe of the instrument to measure multiple evenly distributed points on the upper plane of the standard template. After constructing the plane, obtain the Z-axis of the standard template coordinate system; Measure multiple evenly distributed points on the outer side of the boss on the upper end surface of the standard template. After constructing the circle, use the center of the circle as the coordinate origin O of the standard template coordinate system; Measure one point on each of the left and right tooth surfaces of the straight tooth groove on the cylindrical surface of the helical line template. The two points are symmetrically arranged. Connect the midpoint of the two points and the coordinate origin O as the X-axis of the standard template coordinate system; Obtain the Y-axis using the orthogonal relationship with X and Z, as Figure 2 shown, thus establishing the coordinate system OXYZ of the standard template;

[0038] Step (2) Gear involute parameter calibration: Conduct involute tooth profile measurement on all tooth grooves of the outer cylindrical surface. The measurement position of the involute tooth profile is at the middle section of the entire template thickness, as Figure 3 shown. Use the probe of the measuring instrument to measure the involute tooth profile in each tooth groove, and respectively obtain the actual involute tooth profile deviation values F’ αs , F’ αL15 , F’ αL30 , F’ αL45 , F’ αR15 , F’ αR30 , F’ αR45。 Subtract the nominal reference value from the actual measurement result to obtain the tooth profile measurement indication error of the measuring instrument corresponding to each external tooth: △F αs = F’ αs - F αs , △F αL15 = F’ αL15 - F αL15 , △F αL30 = F’ αL30 - F αL30 , △F αL45 = F’ αL45 - F αL45 , △F αR15 = F’ αR15 - F αR15 , △F αR30 = F’ αR30 - F αR30 , △F αR45 = F’ αR45 - F αR45 ;

[0039] Measurement of involute tooth profile of internal teeth: In the internal tooth surface with the xy-axis coordinate system, select four equally distributed tooth grooves at 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270°. Use the probe of the instrument to carry out involute tooth profile measurement on the 4 equally distributed tooth grooves of the internal teeth, and the indicated error of tooth profile measurement of the corresponding internal teeth can be obtained: △F α0 = F’ α0 - F α0 , △F α90 = F’ α90 - F α90 , △F α180 = F’ α180 - F α180 , △F α270 = F’ α270 - F α270 .

[0040] In step (3), use the probe of the measuring instrument to measure the helix in each tooth groove of the outer cylindrical surface. The measuring position of the helix is on the pitch circle of the gear, Figure 4 at the dashed line in βs, F’ βL15 , F’ βL30 , F’ βL45, F’ βR15, F’ βR30, F’ βR45。 Subtract the nominal reference value from the actual measurement result to obtain the indicated error of helix measurement of the measuring instrument corresponding to each type of external teeth: △F βs = F’ βs - F βs , △F βL15 = F’ βL15 - F βL15 , △F βL30 = F’ βL30 - F βL30 , △F βL45 = F’ βL45 - F βL45 , △F βR15 = F’ βR15 - F βR15 , △F βR30 = F’ βR30 - F βR30 [[ID= seventy-nine]], △F βR45 = F’ βR45 - F βR45 .

[0041] Similarly, use the probe of the instrument to carry out helix measurement on the 4 equally distributed tooth grooves of the internal tooth surface, and the indicated error of helix measurement of the corresponding internal teeth can be obtained: △F β0 = F’ β0 - F β0 , △Fβ90 = F' β90 - F β90 , ΔF β180 = F' β180 - F β180 , ΔF β270 = F' β270 - F β270 .

[0042] Measurement of the pitch of the internal teeth in step (4): As Figure 5 shown, use the probe of the measuring instrument to measure one point on the left and right tooth surfaces of all internal tooth grooves. The position of the pitch measurement point is the intersection of the gear pitch circle and the middle section of the tooth thickness. The actual pitch deviation value F' of the internal teeth can be calculated using all the measurement points P。 Subtracting the nominal reference value from the actual measurement result can obtain the indication error of the pitch measurement of the internal teeth corresponding to the measuring instrument: ΔF P = F' P - F P .

[0043] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner. The key point of each embodiment is to illustrate the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts among the embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple. For the relevant parts, refer to the description in the method part.

[0044] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art. The general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but will be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for using a large gear multi-parameter standard template, characterized in that: The large gear multi-parameter standard template is a symmetrical gear ring, including the outer cylindrical surface of the reference-grade gear helical template and the inner tooth surface of the reference-grade spur gear. The outer cylindrical surface of the spiral template is provided with straight tooth grooves, left-handed tooth grooves and right-handed tooth grooves, and the left-handed tooth grooves and the right-handed tooth grooves are symmetrically arranged relative to the straight tooth grooves; The left-handed tooth groove and the right-handed tooth groove include a plurality of tooth grooves with different angles, and both sides of each tooth groove have an involute helical surface with the same helical angle; The upper end surface of the standard template is provided with a circle of bosses, the axis of which coincides with the center of the circle of the inner tooth surface; The method of use includes the following steps: Step (1) Establishing the coordinate system OXYZ of the standard template: Place the large gear multi-parameter standard template on the measuring instrument platform that needs to be calibrated, use the probe of the instrument to measure multiple evenly distributed points on the upper end plane of the standard template, and after constructing the plane, obtain the Z axis of the standard template coordinate system; measure multiple evenly distributed points on the outer side of the end face boss of the standard template, and after constructing the circle, use the center of the circle as the coordinate origin O of the standard template coordinate system; measure one point on each of the left and right tooth surfaces of the straight tooth groove on the outer cylindrical surface of the spiral template, and the two points are arranged symmetrically, and the midpoint of the line connecting the two points and the coordinate origin O is used as the X axis of the standard template coordinate system; use the orthogonal relationship with X and Z to obtain the Y axis, so that the coordinate system OXYZ of the standard template is established; Step (2) Gear involute parameter calibration: Carry out involute tooth profile measurement on all tooth grooves on the outer cylindrical surface. The measurement position of the involute tooth profile is the middle section of the entire sample thickness. Use the probe of the measuring instrument to measure the involute tooth profile in each tooth groove, and obtain the actual involute tooth profile deviation values F'αs, F'αL15, F'αL30, F'αL45, F'αR15, F'αR30, F'αR45 respectively; Subtracting the nominal reference value from the actual measurement result can obtain the tooth profile measurement indication error of the measuring instrument corresponding to each type of external tooth: △Fαs=F'αs-Fαs, △FαL15=F'αL15-FαL15, △FαL30=F'αL30-FαL30, △FαL45=F'αL45-FαL45, △FαR15=F'αR15-FαR15, △FαR30=F'αR30-FαR30, △FαR45=F'αR45-FαR45; Internal tooth involute profile measurement: In the internal tooth surface, select four evenly distributed tooth grooves at 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270° in the xy-axis coordinate system. Use the instrument probe to carry out involute tooth profile measurement on the four evenly distributed tooth grooves of the internal tooth. The tooth profile measurement indication error of the corresponding internal tooth can be obtained: △Fα0=F'α0-Fα0, △Fα90=F'α90-Fα90, △Fα180=F'α180-Fα180, △Fα270=F'α270-Fα270; Step (3) Use the probe of the measuring instrument to measure the helix in each tooth groove of the outer cylindrical surface. The measuring position of the helix is on the gear pitch circle, and the actual helix deviation values F'βs, F'βL15, F'βL30, F'βL45, F'βR15, F'βR30, F'βR45 are obtained respectively; the helix measurement value of the measuring instrument corresponding to each external tooth can be obtained by subtracting the nominal reference value from the actual measurement result. Indication value error: △Fβs=F'βs-Fβs, △FβL15=F'βL15-FβL15, △FβL30=F'βL30-FβL30, △FβL45=F'β L45-FβL45, △FβR15=F'βR15-FβR15, △FβR30=F'βR30-FβR30, △FβR45=F'βR45-FβR45; Similarly, by using the instrument probe to carry out helical line measurement on the four evenly distributed tooth grooves on the internal tooth surface, the helical line measurement indication error of the corresponding internal teeth can be obtained: △Fβ0=F'β0-Fβ0, △Fβ90=F'β90-Fβ90, △Fβ180=F'β180-Fβ180, △Fβ270=F'β270-Fβ270; Step (4): Use the probe of the measuring instrument to measure a point on each of the left and right tooth surfaces of all internal tooth grooves. The position of the pitch measurement point is the intersection of the gear pitch circle and the middle section of the tooth thickness. The actual internal tooth pitch deviation value F'P can be calculated using all the measurement points; the pitch measurement indication error of the measuring instrument corresponding to the internal tooth can be obtained by subtracting the nominal reference value from the actual measurement result: △FP = F'P-FP.

2. The method for using a large gear multi-parameter standard template according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left-handed tooth grooves include left-handed 15° tooth grooves, left-handed 30° tooth grooves and left-handed 45° tooth grooves.

3. The method for using a large gear multi-parameter standard template according to claim 1, characterized in that: The right-handed tooth grooves include right-handed 15° tooth grooves, right-handed 30° tooth grooves and right-handed 45° tooth grooves.

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