A high vibration-resistant gas density relay

Abstract

The present invention discloses a high-vibration-resistant gas density relay, comprising a housing, a signal control mechanism arranged in the housing, and a value indicating and displaying mechanism relatively independent of the signal control mechanism; the signal control mechanism mainly comprises at least one bellows, a sealed compensation air chamber, a signal generator, and a signal regulating mechanism. The bellows is perpendicular to the side wall of the housing. The housing comprises a relatively independent sealed cabin for installing the value indicating and displaying mechanism; the sealed cabin is filled with anti-vibration oil, or the sealed chamber is sealed with gas. The value indicating and displaying part mainly comprises a Baden tube, a base, an end seat, a movement, a pointer, and a dial. The high-vibration-resistant gas density relay of the present invention has the advantages of no oil leakage, good vibration resistance, high precision, good electrical performance, thin appearance, and long service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of electric power equipment, in particular to a high vibration-resistant gas density relay. Background Art

[0002] At present, oil-free gas density relays with micro switches as contacts are commonly used to monitor gas density in electrical equipment. Although the micro switches used in such gas density relays have the advantage of good electrical performance, they have poor accuracy because they all have operating arms and their displacement is limited. More importantly, due to the long length of the contact operating arm in its structure and the fact that it is a cantilever beam, when operating the switch, the contact operating arm vibrates greatly, which in turn causes the gas density relay to malfunction, and even destroys the micro switch, completely losing its performance. In short, the anti-vibration performance is poor, the accuracy performance is poor, and the range of the display is small, making it difficult to ensure the reliable operation of the system.

[0003] The applicant has also disclosed some gas density relays in Chinese patents or patent applications 200510110648.5, 200720066586.7, 200910195174.7, 200920209217.8, 201010171798.8, 201020190271.5, 201210032293.2, 201220047225.9, and 200920075456.9. Among them, the gas density relays disclosed in patents 200510110648.5 and 200910195174.7 include a display part and a control part, and the display part and the control part are temperature compensated by temperature compensation sheets respectively, which makes it difficult to achieve high-precision action and display. At the same time, what is more prominent is that due to the long length of the contact operating arm in its structure, and it is a cantilever beam, when operating the switch, the contact operating arm vibrates greatly, which in turn causes the gas density relay to malfunction and even destroys the microswitch, completely losing its performance. In short, the vibration resistance and accuracy performance are poor, and it is difficult to ensure the reliable operation of the system.

[0004] The gas density relay disclosed in patents 201020190271.5 and 201010171798.8 also includes a displacement amplification mechanism, the starting end of which is connected to the other end of the temperature compensation element, and the amplification end drives the contact operating handle of the micro switch to connect or disconnect the contact on the micro switch; when the gas density value changes, the Bourdon tube and the temperature compensation element are displaced, and the displacement is amplified by the displacement amplification mechanism and transmitted to the micro switch, so that the micro switch sends a corresponding signal to complete the function of the density relay. However, when the switch is opened and closed, vibrations will be generated on the Baden tube and the temperature compensation element, and this vibration will cause the Baden tube and the temperature compensation element to be displaced, and this displacement is also amplified by the displacement amplification mechanism and transmitted to the micro switch, so that the micro switch sends a corresponding signal. This will cause malfunctions, that is, its anti-vibration performance is poor, and the system cannot be guaranteed to work reliably, which brings great hidden dangers to the safe operation of the power grid. At the same time, these gas density relays cannot meet the reclosing requirements of the switch. That is, when the inflation pressure (density) is below the alarm pressure value, it cannot withstand the 50g, 11ms impact test, and the locking contact will malfunction. For example: for a density relay of 0.6 / 0.52 / 0.5, when the gas pressure (density) drops to the alarm action point, a 50g, 11ms impact test is performed, and the locking contact will malfunction, locking the switch, and failing to meet the reclosing requirements of the switch. The defect of patent 200520115321.2 is similar to that of patent 201010171798.8, and the displacement caused by vibration is also amplified by the displacement amplification mechanism and then transmitted to the micro switch (that is, transmitted to the control machine core shaft through the control fan gear, and then transmitted to the micro switch through the control machine core shaft), which greatly amplifies the displacement caused by vibration, which is equivalent to making the vibration more severe. Since the vibration is very large during the opening and closing operation of the switch, a gas density relay with better vibration resistance is particularly needed, and the above-mentioned gas density relays cannot cope with it.

[0005] The above-mentioned gas density relays all use temperature compensation sheets for temperature compensation, which makes it difficult to achieve high precision. At the same time, the housing is not fully sealed and is a relative pressure type density relay, which will be affected by the altitude.

[0006] The patent 200920075456.9 of the applicant discloses an oil-filled anti-vibration gas density relay. Although the contacts of this density relay also use micro switches, the various density relays installed on site often have the problem of leakage of the liquid (anti-vibration oil) in their shells after a period of time. Patent 200920075456.9 and the currently widely used oil-filled electric contact density relays, from the actual operation situation, the oil leakage at the observation window (glass) of these density relays is very common, which seriously affects the safety and reliability of the system. At the same time, it costs a lot of money to replace these density relays. After long-term observation and analysis, the reason is that the observation window (glass) on these density relays is sealed on a small arc surface, and its sealing effect itself is not good. In addition, its sealing ring will age, so it will naturally often leak oil or gas. In areas with high altitudes, due to the large pressure difference of the glass, the glass may even explode, causing safety problems. For absolute pressure type oil-filled density relays, due to the temperature rise, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the shell is large, and the meter glass may explode, which may cause safety problems. In short, the action contacts of the density relays currently used mainly adopt electric contact type and micro switch type. The electric contact type density relays are generally filled with shockproof silicone oil for vibration resistance, and the micro switch type density relays also need to be filled with shockproof silicone oil in some special vibration occasions. At present, these density relays filled with shockproof oil in the world have observation windows (meter glasses) because their control part and the actual part are in the same shell, and the display part needs to be observed. When the shockproof oil is filled, the observation window (meter glass) is naturally immersed in the shockproof oil. The sealing of the observation window (meter glass) and the shell is adopted on the arc surface (or small arc surface), and the sealing effect is not good. In addition, the sealing ring will age, and oil leakage problems often occur, which will cause losses to users and even safety problems, so innovation is urgently needed. Therefore, it is urgent to provide a gas density relay with good contact anti-vibration performance, good display anti-vibration performance, high precision, good electrical performance, long service life, thin size, and can meet the needs of various occasions. Specifically, the oil-filled density relay can work for a long time without oil leakage to ensure the safety and reliability of the power grid; or the housing of the density relay is fully sealed during a long working cycle, which is an absolute pressure density relay that will not be affected by the altitude. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high vibration-resistant gas density relay to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. It has the advantages of good vibration resistance, high precision, good electrical performance, long service life, thin size, and can be filled with oil or gas.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0009] The present invention provides a high-vibration-resistant gas density relay, comprising a relay housing, a signal control mechanism and a value indicating and displaying mechanism, wherein a sealed cabin is arranged in the relay housing, the value indicating and displaying mechanism is arranged in the sealed cabin, and the sealed cabin is filled with anti-vibration oil or sealed with gas; the signal control mechanism is arranged in the relay housing and located outside the sealed cabin; the signal control mechanism and the value indicating and displaying mechanism are connected to each other in a gas path;

[0010] The signal control mechanism comprises a bellows, a sealed cavity, a signal generator and a signal adjustment mechanism, wherein the bellows is arranged in the sealed cavity; one end of the bellows is sealed, the other end of the bellows is communicated with the electrical device, and a compensating gas is arranged in the sealed cavity; or both ends of the bellows are sealed to form a sealed cavity, a compensating gas is arranged in the sealed cavity of the bellows, and the sealed cavity is communicated with the electrical device; the signal control mechanism uses the bellows and the sealed cavity to monitor the gas density, and when the gas density in the electrical device changes, the bellows compresses or expands to generate an axial displacement, driving the signal adjustment mechanism to trigger the signal generator to generate a signal;

[0011] The value indicating and displaying mechanism comprises a Baden tube, a base, an end seat, a temperature compensation element, a movement, a pointer and a dial. One end of the Baden tube is welded to the base, the other end of the Baden tube and one end of the temperature compensation element are fixed to the end seat, the other end of the temperature compensation element is connected to the movement directly or in sequence through a connecting arm and a connecting rod, the pointer is installed on the movement, and the dial is installed in the sealed cabin.

[0012] Preferably, the sealed cabin includes a watch glass, a display chassis and a first sealing ring, the watch glass is a cylindrical structure with one end open, the display chassis is installed on the open end of the watch glass, the first sealing ring is arranged between the watch glass and the display chassis to achieve sealing, and the inner cavity of the watch glass is blocked by the display chassis to form a sealed cabin for placing the indication display mechanism.

[0013] Preferably, the watch glass is fixedly connected to the display chassis via fasteners.

[0014] Preferably, a base mounting hole is further provided on the display chassis, the bottom end of the base is mounted on the base through the base mounting hole, a second sealing ring is provided between the base mounting hole and the base, one end of the base passing through the base mounting hole is fastened to the display chassis through a nut, one end of the base passing through the base mounting hole is connected to the value display mechanism in the air path, and a through hole connected to the sealed cabin is provided in the base.

[0015] Preferably, the display chassis is further provided with an oil filling and sealing port connected with the inner cavity of the sealed cabin, the oil filling and sealing port is provided with an air sealing screw, and an air sealing ring is provided between the air sealing screw and the oil filling and sealing port.

[0016] Preferably, a transparent front glass is further provided at the front end of the relay housing, a third sealing ring is provided between the front glass and the front wall of the watch glass, and the front glass is fixed to the relay housing through a watch cover.

[0017] Preferably, a fixing flange is provided on the outer periphery of the front wall of the watch glass, the watch cover is connected to the watch glass via the fixing flange, and a sealing ring is provided between the side wall of the watch glass and the watch cover.

[0018] Preferably, the watch cover is arranged outside the front glass and the watch glass, the height of the side wall of the watch cover is higher than the height of the side wall of the watch glass, and a sealing gasket is arranged between the top opening end of the relay housing and the display chassis.

[0019] Preferably, a support member is provided between the display chassis and the bottom of the relay housing.

[0020] Preferably, the signal control mechanism further comprises a control housing, a first seal, a second seal, a third seal and an outlet connection seat; wherein one end of the bellows is welded to the first seal, and the other end of the bellows is welded to the second seal; the bellows contains a first sealed cavity, which is filled with compensation gas to form a sealed compensation air chamber; the outlet connection seat is fixed to the third seal or the control housing, and the control housing is sealed and connected to the first seal and the third seal respectively; the control housing outside the bellows contains a second sealed cavity, which is connected to the electrical equipment, and the second sealed cavity is connected to the value display mechanism on the gas path; the signal adjustment mechanism and the signal generator are arranged in the second sealed cavity;

[0021] Alternatively, the first sealed cavity is communicated with the electrical device and is interconnected with the value display mechanism in an air path, and the second sealed cavity is filled with compensation gas to form a sealed compensation air chamber.

[0022] Preferably, the signal control mechanism further includes a control housing, a first seal, a second seal, a third seal, a sealing bellows and an outlet connection seat; the outlet connection seat is fixed on the control housing, the third seal is arranged in the control housing, the third seal divides the interior of the control housing into a second sealed cavity and a signal adjustment cavity, the bellows is arranged in the second sealed cavity, one end of the bellows is welded to the first seal, and the other end is welded to the second seal, the bellows contains a first sealed cavity, and the first sealed cavity is filled with compensation gas to form a sealed compensation air chamber; one end of the sealing bellows is welded to the second seal, and the other end is welded to the third seal, the control housing is sealed and connected to the first seal and the third seal respectively, the second sealed cavity is connected to the electrical equipment, and the second sealed cavity and the indication display mechanism are connected to each other on the gas path; the signal adjustment mechanism and the signal generation are arranged in the signal adjustment cavity;

[0023] Alternatively, the first sealed cavity is communicated with the electrical equipment and is interconnected with the value display mechanism in an air path, and the second sealed cavity is filled with compensation gas to form a sealed compensation air chamber.

[0024] Preferably, the signal adjustment mechanism is connected to the bellows via a trigger rod, and the trigger rod pulls or pushes the signal adjustment mechanism to trigger the signal generator to generate a signal.

[0025] Preferably, a guide piece is provided on the trigger rod.

[0026] Preferably, the signal control mechanism further comprises an air inlet communicated with the electrical device.

[0027] Preferably, the signal control mechanism is fixed to the bottom of the relay housing via a fixing member.

[0028] Preferably, the signal control mechanism further comprises a limiting mechanism, and the limiting mechanism is arranged on the control housing opposite to the signal adjustment mechanism, and is used for limiting the signal adjustment mechanism.

[0029] Preferably, it further comprises a connecting joint, a first connecting pipe and a second connecting pipe, wherein the connecting joint is connected to the electrical device and fixed on the relay housing, one end of the first connecting pipe is connected to the electrical device through the connecting joint, the other end of the first connecting pipe is connected to the sealed cabin through the base, one end of the second connecting pipe is connected to the sealed cabin through the base, and the other end of the second connecting pipe is connected to the signal control mechanism through the air inlet;

[0030] Or, one end of the first connecting pipe and one end of the second connecting pipe are respectively connected to the electrical equipment through the connecting joint, the other end of the first connecting pipe is connected to the sealed cabin through the base, and the other end of the second connecting pipe is connected to the signal control mechanism through the air inlet;

[0031] Or, one end of the first connecting pipe is connected to the electrical equipment through the connecting joint, the other end of the first connecting pipe is connected to the signal control mechanism through the air inlet, one end of the second connecting pipe is connected to the signal control mechanism through the air inlet, and the other end of the second connecting pipe is connected to the sealed cabin through the base.

[0032] Preferably, a chassis is further provided at the outer bottom of the relay housing, the connecting joint is fixed on the chassis, and the chassis and the relay housing are connected via a plurality of shock absorbers or shock-absorbing pads.

[0033] Preferably, the outside of the signal control mechanism or the outside of the relay housing is wrapped with a heat-insulating layer.

[0034] Preferably, the gas density relay also includes an electronic signal remote transmission unit, which includes a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a microprocessor, and a communication module; the microprocessor is respectively connected to the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor, and the communication module; the microprocessor collects pressure and temperature signals through the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor, and obtains the corresponding density value through processing by the microprocessor according to the gas pressure-temperature characteristics. The data obtained by the microprocessor is remotely transmitted through the communication module, thereby realizing online monitoring of the gas density of the electrical equipment.

[0035] Preferably, the temperature compensation element is a bimetallic strip, or a Baden tube sealed with compensation gas, or a micro bellows sealed with compensation gas.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following beneficial technical effects:

[0037] The high vibration-resistant gas density relay provided by the present invention, compared with the oil-filled micro switch vibration-resistant gas density relay of the prior art and the oil-filled electric contact density relay currently in large quantities, adopts a relatively independent design of the signal control part and the indication display part, wherein the signal control part includes at least one bellows, a sealed compensation air chamber, at least one signal generator and a signal adjustment mechanism; the gas density is monitored by the bellows and the sealed compensation air chamber, and the gas density is monitored in combination with the signal generator. Since the signal control part uses the bellows and the sealed compensation air chamber to monitor the gas density, and the bellows has a small shape and good vibration resistance, it does not need to be filled with oil. The housing includes a relatively independent sealed chamber for installing the indication display part; the sealed chamber is filled with vibration-proof oil, or the sealed chamber is sealed with gas. The display part can use vibration-proof oil to achieve high vibration resistance of the display part; or, the display part uses the good sealing performance of its sealed chamber to realize that the density relay is an absolute pressure type density relay and will not be affected by the altitude. Since the sealed chamber of the display part has good sealing technology, the oil chamber or gas chamber of the display part will never have oil or gas leakage problems and can work for a long time. Since the indication display part is independent, it is very easy to realize the full range of density relay (-0.1~0.9MPa), especially it is very easy to realize the display starting at -0.1MPa, and the vacuum degree can be displayed when vacuuming, which is very easy to promote and apply. In addition, a temperature compensation element is used to realize the temperature compensation function of the indication display part, which further improves and guarantees the accuracy. In short, the shell of the high vibration-resistant gas density relay of the present invention has the advantages of no oil or gas leakage, good vibration resistance, high precision, good electrical performance, long service life, thin size, and can be filled with oil or gas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the high vibration-resistant gas density relay in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the oblique side structure of the high vibration-resistant gas density relay in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a front structural schematic diagram of the indication display mechanism of the high vibration-resistant gas density relay in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 It is a side structural schematic diagram of the indication display mechanism of the high vibration-resistant gas density relay in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of a signal control mechanism of a high vibration-resistant gas density relay in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the high vibration-resistant gas density relay in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the side surface of the display part of the high vibration-resistant gas density relay in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the signal control mechanism of the high vibration-resistant gas density relay in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] In the figure: 1-dial, 2-pointer, 3-Baden tube, 4-temperature compensation element, 5-base, 6-movement, 7-connecting rod, 8-support, 9-relay housing, 10-watch cover, 11-watch glass, 12-sealing ring, 13-connecting arm, 14-end seat, 15-first sealing member, 16-control housing, 17-bellows, 18-second sealing member, 19-signal generator, 20-signal adjustment mechanism, 201-signal adjustment member, 21-second sealed cavity, 22-first sealed cavity, 23-fixing member, 24-outlet Connecting seat, 25-fastener, 26-front glass, 27-connecting joint, 28-air inlet, 29-limiting mechanism, 30-first connecting pipe, 31-second connecting pipe, 32-third sealing member, 33-guide member, 34-sealing bellows, 35-sealed cabin, 36-display chassis, 37-first sealing ring, 38-first sealing groove, 39-second sealing ring, 40-third sealing groove, 41-third sealing ring, 42-nut, 43-oil-filled air sealing port, 44-air sealing screw, 45-air sealing ring, 46-fixing flange. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high vibration-resistant gas density relay to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0050] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0051] Embodiment 1:

[0052] The high vibration-resistant gas density relay in this embodiment, such as Figure 1-5 As shown, it includes a relay housing 9, a signal control mechanism and a value display mechanism. A sealed cabin 35 is arranged in the relay housing 9, and the value display mechanism is arranged in the sealed cabin 35. The sealed cabin 35 is filled with anti-vibration oil or sealed with gas; the signal control mechanism is arranged in the relay housing 9 and located outside the sealed cabin 35; the signal control mechanism and the value display mechanism are connected to each other in the gas path;

[0053] The signal control mechanism includes a bellows 17, a second sealed cavity 21, a first sealed cavity 22, a signal generator 19 and a signal adjustment mechanism 20. The bellows 17 is arranged in the second sealed cavity 21; one end of the bellows 17 is sealed, the other end of the bellows 17 is connected to the electrical equipment, and a compensating gas is arranged in the second sealed cavity 21; or, both ends of the bellows 17 are sealed to form a first sealed cavity 22, a compensating gas is arranged in the first sealed cavity 22 of the bellows 17, and the second sealed cavity 21 is connected to the electrical equipment; the signal control mechanism uses the bellows 17 and the sealed cavity to monitor the gas density. When the gas density in the electrical equipment changes, the bellows 17 compresses or expands to generate an axial displacement, driving the signal adjustment mechanism 20 to trigger the signal generator 19 to generate a signal;

[0054] The indication display mechanism includes a Baden tube 3, a base 5, an end seat 14, a temperature compensation element 4, a movement 6, a pointer 2 and a dial 1. One end of the Baden tube 3 is welded to the base 5, the other end of the Baden tube 3 and one end of the temperature compensation element 4 are fixed to the end seat 14, the other end of the temperature compensation element 4 is connected to the movement 6 directly or in sequence through a connecting arm 13 and a connecting rod 7, the pointer 2 is installed on the movement 6, and the dial 1 is installed in a sealed cabin 35.

[0055] Specifically, in this embodiment, the sealed cabin 35 includes a watch glass 11, a display chassis 36 and a first sealing ring 37. The watch glass 11 is a cylindrical structure with one end open. The display chassis 36 is installed at the open end of the watch glass 11 and is fixedly connected to the display chassis 36 by a fastener 25. A first sealing groove 38 is provided on the outer periphery of the display chassis 36. The first sealing ring 37 is provided in the first sealing groove 38 and is located between the watch glass 11 and the display chassis 36 to achieve sealing. The inner cavity of the watch glass 11 is blocked by the display chassis 36 to form a sealed cabin for placing the indication display mechanism.

[0056] The display chassis 36 is also provided with a base mounting hole, through which the bottom end of the base 5 is mounted on the display chassis 36, and a second sealing ring 39 is provided between the base mounting hole and the base 5. One end of the base 5 passing through the base mounting hole is fastened to the display chassis 36 through a fastener, such as a nut 42, and one end of the base 5 passing through the base mounting hole is connected to the indication display mechanism in the air path, and a vent hole connected to the Baden tube 3 is provided in the base 5. The display chassis 36 is also provided with an oil filling and sealing port 43 which is connected to the inner cavity of the sealed cabin 35. An air sealing screw 44 is provided on the oil filling and sealing port 43. An air sealing ring 45 is provided between the air sealing screw 44 and the oil filling and sealing port 43. The main function of the air sealing screw 44 and the air sealing ring 45 is to seal the oil filling and sealing port 43 after the anti-vibration oil is filled in the sealed cabin 35 to prevent the anti-vibration oil from overflowing during transportation; or, after being installed in the sealed cabin 35, the oil filling port (or air sealing port) is sealed to form an absolute pressure density relay to ensure that the display part of the density relay is not affected by the atmospheric pressure at altitude.

[0057] In this embodiment, a transparent front glass 26 is further provided at the front end of the relay housing 9. The front glass 26 and the watch glass 11 are both transparent glasses. A third sealing groove 40 is provided on the end surface of the watch glass 11. A third sealing ring 41 is provided in the third sealing groove 40. The third sealing ring 41 is located between the front glass 26 and the watch glass 11 to achieve sealing. The front glass 26 is fixed to the relay housing 9 through the watch cover 10. A fixing flange 46 is provided on the outer periphery of the front wall of the watch glass 11 in this embodiment. The watch cover 10 is connected to the watch glass 11 through the fixing flange 46. A sealing ring 12 is provided between the side wall of the watch glass 11 and the watch cover 10.

[0058] A support member 8 is provided between the display chassis 36 and the bottom of the relay housing 9. One end of the support member 8 is fixed to the housing, and the other end is in contact with or connected to the display chassis 36. The support member 8 can ensure the correct position of the indication display mechanism and prevent the dial from being misaligned.

[0059] In this embodiment, the working principle of the value display mechanism is as follows: the Baden tube 3 in the value display mechanism is an elastic element, and the temperature compensation element 4 is used to correct the changing pressure and temperature to reflect the change of gas density. That is, under the pressure of the measured gas, due to the effect of the temperature compensation element 4, the end of the Baden tube 3 is forced to produce corresponding elastic deformation and displacement, which is transmitted to the movement 6 by means of the connecting rod 7, and the movement 6 is transmitted to the pointer 2, and the measured gas density value is indicated on the dial 1, so that the density relay has the function of displaying the density value.

[0060] The signal control mechanism in this embodiment also includes a control housing 16, a first seal 15, a second seal 18, a third seal 32 and an outlet connection seat 24; wherein one end of the bellows 17 is welded to the first seal 15, and the other end of the bellows 17 is welded to the second seal 18; the bellows 17 contains a first sealed cavity 22, which is filled with compensation gas to form a sealed compensation air chamber; the outlet connection seat 24 is fixed to the third seal 32 or the control housing 16, and the two ends of the control housing 16 are respectively sealed and connected to the first seal 15 and the third seal 32; the control housing 16 outside the bellows 17 contains a second sealed cavity 21, which is connected to the electrical equipment, and the second sealed cavity 21 and the indication display mechanism are mutually connected on the gas path; the signal adjustment mechanism 20 and the signal generator 19 are arranged in the second sealed cavity 21;

[0061] Alternatively, the first sealed cavity 22 is communicated with the electrical device and is communicated with the value display mechanism in the gas path, and the second sealed cavity 21 is filled with compensation gas to form a sealed compensation gas chamber.

[0062] Specifically, the signal adjustment mechanism 20 is connected to the bellows 17 via a trigger rod. The trigger rod pulls or pushes the signal adjustment mechanism 20 to trigger the signal generator 19 to generate a signal. A guide member 33 is provided on the trigger rod for guiding the movement of the trigger rod.

[0063] The working principle of the signal control mechanism is: under the same temperature environment, in the first sealed cavity 22 and the second sealed cavity 21, the pressure is large when the density is large, the pressure is the same when the density is the same, and the pressure is small when the density is small. At 20°C, if the cavity sealed with the compensation air chamber is the first sealed cavity 22, the inflation pressure in the first sealed cavity 22 is the same as the alarm value, then the pressure difference △P between the alarm action pressure value Palarm and the inflation pressure of the first sealed cavity 22 is 0MPa, which means that when △P=0MPa, the alarm contact will be activated. Regardless of whether the temperature rises or falls, if the gas of the electrical equipment leaks, when its pressure Pequipment=Palarm, that is, △P=0MPa, the density relay triggers the corresponding signal generator 19 through the signal adjustment mechanism 20, and the contact of the signal generator 19 is connected, sending a corresponding signal (alarm or lockout), thereby monitoring and controlling the gas density in the high-voltage switch and other equipment, so that the electrical equipment can work safely.

[0064] In this embodiment, the signal control mechanism is fixed to the bottom of the relay housing via a fixing member 23 .

[0065] In this embodiment, the signal control mechanism further includes a limiting mechanism 29 . The limiting mechanism 29 is disposed on the control housing 16 opposite to the signal adjustment mechanism 20 and is used to limit the signal adjustment mechanism 20 .

[0066] In this embodiment, the signal control mechanism further includes an air inlet 28 connected to the electrical device. The air inlet 28 and the outlet connection socket 24 are respectively arranged at two ends of the control housing 16 .

[0067] In order to realize that the first sealed cavity 22 or the second sealed cavity 21 is connected to the indication display mechanism in the gas path, the present embodiment further includes a connecting joint 27, a first connecting pipe 30 and a second connecting pipe 31, wherein the connecting joint 27 is connected to the electrical device and fixed on the relay housing 9, one end of the first connecting pipe 30 is connected to the electrical device through the connecting joint 27, the other end of the first connecting pipe 30 is connected to the base 5 and communicated with the vent hole in the base 5 and can be connected to the Baden tube 3, one end of the second connecting pipe 31 is connected to the base 5 and communicated with the vent hole in the base 5, and the other end of the second connecting pipe 31 is connected to the base 5 and communicated with the vent hole in the base 5, and the other end of the second connecting pipe 31 is connected to the signal control mechanism through the air inlet 28;

[0068] Or, one end of the first connecting tube 30 and one end of the second connecting tube 31 are respectively connected to the electrical device through the connecting joint 27, the other end of the first connecting tube 30 is connected to the base 5 and communicated with the vent hole in the base 5, and the other end of the second connecting tube 31 is communicated with the signal control mechanism through the air inlet 28;

[0069] Alternatively, one end of the first connecting tube 30 is connected to the electrical equipment through the connecting joint 27, the other end of the first connecting tube 30 is connected to the signal control mechanism through the air inlet 28, one end of the second connecting tube 31 is connected to the signal control mechanism through the air inlet 28, and the other end of the second connecting tube 31 is connected to the base 5 and connected to the vent hole in the base 5.

[0070] In this embodiment, a chassis (not shown in the figure) is further provided at the outer bottom of the relay housing 9, the connecting joint 27 is fixed on the chassis, and the chassis and the relay housing 9 are connected via a plurality of shock absorbers or shock-absorbing pads.

[0071] In this embodiment, the signal control mechanism or the relay housing 9 is wrapped with a heat preservation layer. The movement 6 is provided with a damping mechanism for damping, and the damping mechanism includes, but is not limited to, one or more of an inertia wheel, an inertia wheel + damping grease, and a damper + damping grease.

[0072] In this embodiment, the gas density relay also includes an electronic signal remote transmission unit, which includes a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a microprocessor, and a communication module; the microprocessor is respectively connected to the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor, and the communication module; the microprocessor collects pressure and temperature signals through the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor, and obtains the corresponding density value through processing by the microprocessor according to the gas pressure-temperature characteristics. The data obtained by the microprocessor is remotely transmitted through the communication module, thereby realizing online monitoring of the gas density of the electrical equipment.

[0073] The gas density relay also includes an online verification unit, which includes a gas density detection sensor, a pressure regulating mechanism, a valve, an online verification contact signal sampling unit and an intelligent control unit; the gas circuit of the pressure regulating mechanism is connected to the signal control mechanism; the pressure regulating mechanism is configured to adjust the pressure rise and fall of the signal control mechanism so that the signal control mechanism generates a contact signal action; the gas density detection sensor is connected to the signal control mechanism on the gas circuit; the online verification contact signal sampling unit is connected to the signal control mechanism and is configured to sample the contact signal of the signal control mechanism; one end of the valve is provided with an interface connected to the electrical equipment, and the other end of the valve is connected to the signal control mechanism, or the other end of the valve is connected to the gas circuit of the pressure regulating mechanism, thereby connecting the valve to the signal control mechanism; the intelligent control unit is respectively connected to the gas density detection sensor, the pressure regulating mechanism, the valve and the online verification contact signal sampling unit, and is configured to control the closing or opening of the valve, complete the control of the pressure regulating mechanism, pressure value collection and temperature value collection, and / or gas density value collection, as well as the contact signal action value and / or contact signal return value of the detection signal control mechanism; or, the online verification unit includes a gas density detection sensor, a temperature adjustment mechanism, an online verification contact signal sampling unit and an intelligent control unit; the temperature adjustment mechanism is a temperature-adjustable adjustment mechanism, which is configured to adjust the temperature rise and fall of the sealing compensation gas chamber of the signal control mechanism to cause the signal control mechanism to generate a contact signal action; the gas density detection sensor is connected to the signal control mechanism on the gas path; the online verification contact signal sampling unit is directly or indirectly connected to the signal control mechanism, and is configured to sample the contact signal generated when the contact of the signal control mechanism is actuated; the intelligent control unit is respectively connected to the gas density detection sensor, the temperature adjustment mechanism and the online verification contact signal sampling unit, and is configured to complete the control of the temperature adjustment mechanism, pressure value collection and temperature value collection, and / or gas density value collection, and detect the contact signal action value and / or contact signal return value of the gas density relay body.

[0074] The temperature compensation element 4 is a bimetallic strip, or a Baden tube 3 sealed with compensation gas, or a micro bellows 17 sealed with compensation gas. That is, the temperature compensation element 4 includes, but is not limited to, one of a bimetallic strip, a Baden tube sealed with compensation gas, and a micro bellows sealed with compensation gas.

[0075] The high vibration-resistant gas density relay in this embodiment also includes: a trace water sensor connected to the signal control mechanism or the display part respectively, and / or a decomposition product sensor connected to the signal control mechanism or the display part respectively, and / or a gas purity sensor connected to the signal control mechanism or the display part respectively.

[0076] The gas density relay also includes a heating device, which includes, but is not limited to, a silicone rubber heater, a resistance wire, an electric heating belt, an electric heating rod, a hot air blower, an infrared heating device, or a semiconductor. The heating device can be combined with a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, and an intelligent control unit to test the gas density relay; or the heating device can cause the contacts of the gas density relay to actuate, and can be combined with a display unit or a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, and an intelligent control unit to test the gas density relay.

[0077] Embodiment 2:

[0078] The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that: Figure 6-7 As shown, the meter cover 10 is a high meter cover 10, that is, the height of the meter cover 10 in this embodiment is much higher than that of the meter cover 10 in the first embodiment, at least 20 mm higher; the meter cover 10 is covered on the outside of the front glass 26 and the meter glass 11, the height of the side wall of the meter cover 10 is higher than the height of the side wall of the meter glass 11, and a sealing gasket is provided between the top opening end of the relay housing 9 and the display chassis 36. In this embodiment, the fixing member 23 is made of angle steel, the control housing 16 of the signal control mechanism is welded to the fixing member 23, and then the fixing member 23 is fixed to the bottom of the housing by a plurality of screws.

[0079] Embodiment three:

[0080] The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that: Figure 8As shown, the signal control mechanism also includes a control housing 16, a first seal 15, a second seal 18, a third seal 32, a sealing bellows 34 and an outlet connection seat 24; the outlet connection seat 24 (not shown in the figure) is sealed and fixed on the control housing 16, the third seal 32 is arranged in the control housing 16, and the third seal 32 divides the interior of the control housing 16 into a second sealed cavity 21 and a signal adjustment cavity, the bellows 17 is arranged in the second sealed cavity 21, one end of the bellows 17 is welded to the first seal 15, and the other end is welded to the second seal 18, the bellows 17 is inside the first sealed cavity 22, and the first sealed cavity 21 is inside the bellows 17. 2 is filled with compensating gas to form a sealed compensating air chamber; one end of the sealing bellows 34 is welded to the second seal 18, and the other end is welded to the third seal 32; the control housing 16 is sealed and connected to the first seal 15 and the third seal 32 respectively; the second sealed cavity 21 is connected to the electrical equipment, and the second sealed cavity 21 and the indication display mechanism are mutually connected on the gas path; the signal adjustment mechanism 20 and the signal generator 19 are arranged in the signal adjustment cavity; or, the first sealed cavity 22 is connected to the electrical equipment and is mutually connected to the indication display mechanism on the gas path, and the second sealed cavity 21 is filled with compensating gas to form a sealed compensating air chamber. In this embodiment, a signal adjustment member is provided on the signal adjustment mechanism 20, and the alarm or lockout signal contact action value is adjusted by the signal adjustment member; specifically, the signal adjustment member can be an adjusting bolt, and the alarm or lockout signal contact action value is adjusted by adjusting the distance between the bolt and the signal generator 19. The signal control mechanism in this embodiment has the same working principle as the signal control mechanism in the first embodiment, and thus will not be repeated.

[0081] like Figure 8 As shown, the signal generator 19 can be disposed on the left side of the signal conditioning member 201 ; alternatively, the signal generator 19 can also be disposed on the right side of the signal conditioning member 201 .

[0082] Compared with the existing oil-filled electric contact density relays that are currently in large quantities, the high vibration-resistant gas density relay of the present invention adopts a relatively independent signal control part and a value display part. The signal control part mainly includes at least one bellows 17, a sealed compensation air chamber, and at least one micro switch. The bellows 17 is perpendicular to the side wall of the shell. The value display part mainly includes a Baden tube 3, a base 5, an end seat, a movement 6, a pointer 2, and a dial 1. The high vibration-resistant gas density relay of the present invention has the advantages of no need for oil filling, good vibration resistance, high precision, good electrical performance, thin appearance, and long service life. After such innovative design and processing, its performance is greatly improved. Specifically, after comparative testing, it can be seen from Table 1 that the density relay of the present invention has better performance in accuracy, electrical performance, appearance thickness, and service life than the density relay of the prior art, which can greatly improve the performance of the density relay and ensure the reliable and safe operation of the power grid.

[0083] Table 1 Performance comparison of the density relay of the present invention and the density relay of the prior art

[0084]

[0085]

[0086] The density relay of the present invention is characterized in that the opening end of the watch glass is flange-shaped, at least one first groove is provided between the flange-shaped opening end of the watch glass and the display chassis, at least one first sealing ring is provided in the first groove, and the first groove is provided on the flange-shaped opening end of the watch glass or the display chassis; the base is sealed and fixed on the display chassis.

[0087] The density relay of the present invention further comprises a front glass and a cover; the front wall of the glass is made of transparent material and is provided with a third groove, in which a third sealing ring is provided; the front glass and the front wall of the glass are in contact with the third sealing ring; the front glass is fixed to the housing through the cover and the glass. Alternatively, the sealed chamber comprises a glass, a middle piece, a display chassis, and a sealing ring; the middle piece is a cylinder, at least one first groove is provided between the middle piece and the display chassis, in which at least one first sealing ring is provided; at least one fourth groove is provided between the middle piece and the glass, in which at least one fourth sealing ring is provided; the base is sealed and fixed to the display chassis.

[0088] In the density relay of the present invention, the bellows is perpendicular to the side wall of the housing, or the bellows is nearly perpendicular to the side wall of the housing, and the angle between them is no greater than 45 degrees. The signal control part also includes: a control housing, a first seal, a second seal, a third seal and an outlet connection seat; wherein, one end of the bellows is welded to the first seal, and the other end of the bellows is welded to the second seal; the inner wall of the bellows, the first seal and the second seal jointly define a first sealed cavity; the first sealed cavity is filled with compensation gas to form a sealed compensation air chamber; the outlet connection seat is fixed on the third seal or the control housing, and the control housing is sealed and connected to the first seal and the third seal respectively; the outer wall of the bellows, the first seal, the second seal, the third seal, the outlet connection seat and the control housing jointly define a second sealed cavity, and the second sealed cavity is interconnected with the indication display mechanism on the gas path; the signal adjustment mechanism and the signal generator are arranged in the second sealed cavity; or, the first sealed cavity is interconnected with the indication display mechanism on the gas path, and the second sealed cavity is filled with compensation gas to form a sealed compensation air chamber. In addition, the signal control part also includes: a control housing, a first seal, a second seal, and a third seal; the bellows includes a first bellows and a second bellows; wherein, one end of the first bellows is welded to the first seal, and the other end is welded to the second seal; the inner wall of the first bellows, the first seal, and the second seal jointly define a first sealed cavity; the first sealed cavity is filled with compensation gas to form a sealed compensation air chamber; one end of the second bellows is welded to the second seal, and the other end is welded to the third seal; the control housing is respectively The first seal and the third seal are sealed together; the first seal, the outer wall of the first bellows, the second seal, the outer wall of the second bellows, the third seal and the inner wall of the control housing jointly define a second sealed cavity, and the second sealed cavity and the value display mechanism are interconnected on the gas path; the signal adjustment mechanism is connected to the second seal, and the signal generator is arranged corresponding to the signal adjustment mechanism; or, the first sealed cavity and the value display mechanism are interconnected on the gas path, and the second sealed cavity is filled with compensation gas to form a sealed compensation gas chamber. And, the high vibration-resistant gas density relay, the signal control part also includes: a limit mechanism, the limit mechanism and the signal adjustment mechanism are arranged relative to each other, and the limit mechanism can prevent the signal adjustment mechanism from vibrating repeatedly, thereby improving the vibration resistance of the density relay.

[0089] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scopes. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A high vibration-resistant gas density relay, characterized in that: It comprises a relay housing, a signal control mechanism and a value indicating display mechanism, wherein a sealed cabin is arranged in the relay housing, the value indicating display mechanism is arranged in the sealed cabin, and the sealed cabin is filled with anti-vibration oil or sealed with gas; the signal control mechanism is arranged in the relay housing and located outside the sealed cabin; the signal control mechanism and the value indicating display mechanism are connected to each other in the gas path; The signal control mechanism comprises a bellows, a sealed cavity, a signal generator and a signal adjustment mechanism, wherein the bellows is arranged in the sealed cavity; one end of the bellows is sealed, the other end of the bellows is communicated with the electrical device, and a compensating gas is arranged in the sealed cavity; or both ends of the bellows are sealed to form a sealed cavity, a compensating gas is arranged in the sealed cavity of the bellows, and the sealed cavity is communicated with the electrical device; the signal control mechanism uses the bellows and the sealed cavity to monitor the gas density, and when the gas density in the electrical device changes, the bellows compresses or expands to generate an axial displacement, driving the signal adjustment mechanism to trigger the signal generator to generate a signal; The value display mechanism comprises a Baden tube, a base, an end seat, a temperature compensation element, a movement, a pointer and a dial, one end of the Baden tube is fixed on the base, the other end of the Baden tube and one end of the temperature compensation element are both fixed on the end seat, the other end of the temperature compensation element is directly or sequentially connected to the movement through a connecting arm and a connecting rod, the pointer is installed on the movement, and the dial is installed in the sealed cabin; The sealed cabin includes a watch glass, a display chassis and a first sealing ring. The watch glass is a cylindrical structure with one end open. The display chassis is installed at the open end of the watch glass. The first sealing ring is arranged between the watch glass and the display chassis to achieve sealing. The inner cavity of the watch glass is blocked by the display chassis to form a sealed cabin for placing the indication display mechanism. The display chassis is also provided with a base mounting hole, the bottom end of the base is mounted on the display chassis through the base mounting hole, a second sealing ring is provided between the base mounting hole and the base, one end of the base passing through the base mounting hole is fastened to the display chassis through a fastener, one end of the base passing through the base mounting hole is connected with the indication display mechanism in the air path, and a vent hole connected to the Baden tube is provided in the base.

2. The high vibration resistant gas density relay according to claim 1, characterized in that: The watch glass is fixedly connected to the display chassis via fasteners.

3. The high vibration resistant gas density relay according to claim 1, characterized in that: The display chassis is also provided with an oil filling and sealing port connected to the inner cavity of the sealed cabin, the oil filling and sealing port is provided with an air sealing screw, and an air sealing ring is provided between the air sealing screw and the oil filling and sealing port.

4. The high vibration resistant gas density relay according to claim 1, characterized in that: A transparent front glass is also arranged at the front end of the relay housing, a third sealing ring is arranged between the front glass and the front wall of the watch glass, and the front glass is fixed to the relay housing through a watch cover.

5. The high vibration resistant gas density relay according to claim 4, characterized in that: A fixing flange is arranged on the outer periphery of the front wall of the watch glass, the watch cover is connected to the watch glass via the fixing flange, and a sealing ring is arranged between the side wall of the watch glass and the watch cover.

6. The high vibration resistant gas density relay according to claim 4, characterized in that: The watch cover is arranged outside the front glass and the watch glass, the height of the side wall of the watch cover is higher than the height of the side wall of the watch glass, and a sealing gasket is arranged between the top opening end of the relay housing and the display chassis.

7. The high vibration resistant gas density relay according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support member is arranged between the display chassis and the shell bottom of the relay shell.

8. The high vibration-resistant gas density relay according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal control mechanism also includes a control housing, a first seal, a second seal, a third seal and an outlet connection seat; wherein one end of the bellows is welded to the first seal, and the other end of the bellows is welded to the second seal; the bellows contains a first sealed cavity, which is filled with compensation gas to form a sealed compensation air chamber; the outlet connection seat is fixed to the third seal or the control housing, and the control housing is sealed and connected to the first seal and the third seal respectively; the control housing outside the bellows contains a second sealed cavity, which is connected to the electrical equipment, and the second sealed cavity and the indication display mechanism are connected to each other on the gas path; the signal adjustment mechanism and the signal generator are arranged in the second sealed cavity; Alternatively, the first sealed cavity is communicated with the electrical device and is interconnected with the value display mechanism in an air path, and the second sealed cavity is filled with compensation gas to form a sealed compensation air chamber.

9. The high vibration resistant gas density relay according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal control mechanism also includes a control housing, a first seal, a second seal, a third seal, a sealing bellows and an outlet connection seat; the outlet connection seat is fixed on the control housing, the third seal is arranged in the control housing, and the third seal divides the interior of the control housing into a second sealed cavity and a signal adjustment cavity, the bellows is arranged in the second sealed cavity, one end of the bellows is welded to the first seal, and the other end is welded to the second seal, the bellows contains a first sealed cavity, and the first sealed cavity is filled with compensation gas to form a sealed compensation air chamber; one end of the sealing bellows is welded to the second seal, and the other end is welded to the third seal, the control housing is sealed and connected to the first seal and the third seal respectively, the second sealed cavity is connected to the electrical equipment, and the second sealed cavity and the indication display mechanism are connected to each other on the gas path; the signal adjustment mechanism and the signal generation are arranged in the signal adjustment cavity; Alternatively, the first sealed cavity is communicated with the electrical equipment and is interconnected with the value display mechanism in an air path, and the second sealed cavity is filled with compensation gas to form a sealed compensation air chamber.

10. The high vibration resistant gas density relay according to any one of claims 8 or 9, characterized in that: The signal adjustment mechanism is connected to the bellows via a trigger rod, and the trigger rod pulls or pushes the signal adjustment mechanism to trigger the signal generator to generate a signal.

11. The high vibration-resistant gas density relay according to claim 10, characterized in that: A guide piece is arranged on the trigger rod.

12. The high vibration resistant gas density relay according to any one of claims 8 or 9, characterized in that: The signal control mechanism also includes an air inlet in communication with the electrical device.

13. The high vibration resistant gas density relay according to any one of claims 8 or 9, characterized in that: The signal control mechanism is fixed to the bottom of the relay housing through a fixing member.

14. The high vibration resistant gas density relay according to any one of claims 8 or 9, characterized in that: The signal control mechanism further comprises a limiting mechanism, which is arranged on the control housing opposite to the signal adjustment mechanism and is used to limit the signal adjustment mechanism.

15. The high vibration resistant gas density relay according to claim 12, characterized in that: It also includes a connecting joint, a first connecting pipe and a second connecting pipe, wherein the connecting joint is connected to the electrical device and fixed to the relay housing, one end of the first connecting pipe is connected to the electrical device through the connecting joint, the other end of the first connecting pipe is connected to the base and communicated with the vent in the base, one end of the second connecting pipe is connected to the base and communicated with the vent in the base, and the other end of the second connecting pipe is communicated with the signal control mechanism through the air inlet; Or, one end of the first connecting tube and one end of the second connecting tube are respectively connected to the electrical device through the connecting joint, the other end of the first connecting tube is connected to the base and communicated with the vent hole in the base, and the other end of the second connecting tube is communicated with the signal control mechanism through the air inlet; Alternatively, one end of the first connecting tube is connected to the electrical equipment through the connecting joint, the other end of the first connecting tube is connected to the signal control mechanism through the air inlet, one end of the second connecting tube is connected to the signal control mechanism through the air inlet, and the other end of the second connecting tube is connected to the base and connected to the air vent in the base.

16. The high vibration resistant gas density relay according to claim 15, characterized in that: The outer bottom of the relay housing is also provided with a chassis, the connection joint is fixed on the chassis, and the chassis and the relay housing are connected via a plurality of shock absorbers or shock-absorbing pads.

17. The high vibration resistant gas density relay according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outside of the signal control mechanism or the outside of the relay housing is wrapped with a heat-insulating layer.

18. The high vibration resistant gas density relay according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas density relay also includes an electronic signal remote transmission unit, which includes a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a microprocessor, and a communication module; the microprocessor is connected to the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor, and the communication module respectively; the microprocessor collects pressure and temperature signals through the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor, and obtains the corresponding density value through processing by the microprocessor according to the gas pressure-temperature characteristics. The data obtained by the microprocessor is remotely transmitted through the communication module, thereby realizing online monitoring of the gas density of the electrical equipment.

19. The high vibration resistant gas density relay according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature compensation element is a bimetallic strip, or a Baden tube sealed with compensation gas, or a micro bellows sealed with compensation gas.

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