A gravity-feed water-regenerating liquid film evaporation solar seawater distillation device

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-gravity water inlet heat recovery liquid film evaporation type solar seawater distillation device, comprising: a flat solar collector A, a concentrated seawater collection tank, a fresh water collection tank, a water distributor, a flow control valve, a seawater feed pipe, a glass cover, an overflow pipe, a preheating seawater cylinder, a hot water inlet pipe A, a heating water tank, a condensing sleeve A, a water absorbing material, a water baffle, a concentrated seawater collection pipe, a return pipe, a hot water inlet pipe B, a bottom plate and a fresh water collection pipe; the preheating seawater cylinder and the salt water separation part of the invention are combined into one, and the potential energy of seawater can be used to realize the self-gravity water inlet of seawater, saving power drive energy consumption; at the same time, the solar energy absorbed by the preheating seawater cylinder is absorbed by the seawater, thereby increasing the water inlet temperature; the condensation latent heat released by the water vapor in the seawater feed pipe during condensation is also absorbed by the seawater in the seawater feed pipe, thereby promoting the condensation of the water vapor and improving the water production rate of the seawater distillation device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of solar seawater desalination and water treatment, and in particular to a gravity water inlet heat recovery type liquid film evaporation type solar seawater distillation device. Background Art

[0002] Safe and sufficient drinking water is an important guarantee for human health. The World Health Organization recommends that adults drink 2.0L of fresh water per day. However, it is difficult for people in deserts, islands, swamps and other areas that lack fresh water resources, as well as those involved in patrols, scientific research, grazing and other production activities, to obtain fresh water at any time. In addition, due to the lack of basic supporting conditions such as transportation, electricity, and technology in water-scarce areas, large-scale seawater or brackish water desalination systems cannot meet the above-mentioned freshwater preparation requirements. Given that areas with a shortage of fresh water often have abundant solar energy resources, it is entirely possible to use solar energy to drive small seawater desalination devices to achieve local water extraction and low-cost water production.

[0003] Solar distiller is one of the devices suitable for small-scale distributed preparation in solar desalination equipment, but traditional disc-type solar distiller has defects such as large seawater heat capacity, long startup time, low water production per unit solar heat collection area, low light and heat utilization efficiency, requirements for floor space, and cannot be used in cold areas in winter. In order to improve the application defects of traditional solar distiller, it is necessary to improve the solar distiller's energy supply mode, floor space, thermal energy utilization efficiency, and reduce heat dissipation losses, so as to provide the possibility for large-scale application of small solar desalination equipment. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a gravity-feed water-intake heat-recovery liquid film evaporation type solar seawater distillation device, which utilizes incident sunlight to preheat the feed seawater, and utilizes the latent heat released by condensation of water vapor in the distillation device for heat recovery. This can improve the thermal energy utilization efficiency and fresh water output of solar seawater desalination, reduce the footprint of the device, and provide the possibility for large-scale application of small-scale solar seawater desalination devices.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: a self-gravity water inlet heat recovery type liquid film evaporation type solar seawater distillation device, comprising: a flat solar collector A, a concentrated seawater collection tank, a fresh water collection tank and one or more self-gravity water inlet liquid film evaporation type distillation mechanisms; each self-gravity water inlet liquid film evaporation type distillation mechanism comprises: a water distributor, a flow control valve, a seawater feed pipe, a glass cover, an overflow pipe, a preheating seawater cylinder, a hot water inlet pipe A, a heating water tank, a condensing sleeve A, a water absorbing material, a water baffle, a concentrated seawater collection pipe, a return pipe, a hot water inlet pipe B, a bottom plate and a fresh water collection pipe;

[0006] The heating water tank is a long round tube water tank and is installed vertically, and contains water. The condensing sleeve A is coaxially sleeved on the outer periphery of the heating water tank. The upper and lower openings of the condensing sleeve A are respectively blocked by the preheating seawater cylinder and the bottom plate.

[0007] The upward end of the preheating seawater cylinder is an inclined opening, the inclined surface faces south, and the inclination angle between the inclined surface and the installation axis is within a set range. A glass cover is provided at the opening end of the preheating seawater cylinder;

[0008] A seawater inlet is provided on the outer wall surface of the preheating seawater cylinder on the side facing away from the sun and an overflow pipe is installed, wherein the seawater inlet is located above the overflow pipe;

[0009] The water inlet end of the seawater feed pipe is connected to the outer wall surface of the sunny side of the preheating seawater cylinder, and the water outlet end is spirally wrapped around the outer periphery of the condensing sleeve A, and passes through the bottom plate and spirally wrapped around the outer periphery of the heating water tank, and its end is connected to the water divider, which is used to allow the seawater in the preheating seawater cylinder to flow into the water divider; a flow control valve is provided at the water inlet end of the seawater feed pipe, which is used to control the flow rate of water delivered from the preheating seawater cylinder to the water divider; wherein, the water divider is sleeved on the top periphery of the heating water tank;

[0010] The outer periphery of the heating water tank is coated with a water absorbing material;

[0011] When there is only one self-gravity water inlet liquid film evaporation distillation mechanism, the flat-plate solar thermal collector A is hinged on the sunny side of the self-gravity water inlet liquid film evaporation distillation mechanism; when there are more than two self-gravity water inlet liquid film evaporation distillation mechanisms and they share one flat-plate solar thermal collector A, one concentrated seawater collection tank and one fresh water collection tank, adjacent self-gravity water inlet liquid film evaporation distillation mechanisms are connected in parallel, and the flat-plate solar thermal collector A is hinged on the sunny side of the southernmost self-gravity water inlet liquid film evaporation distillation mechanism; wherein the flat-plate solar thermal collector A faces the sun and is used to heat the water in the heating water tank;

[0012] The bottom of the heating water tank is connected to the flat-plate solar thermal collector A through a return pipe, so that the water in the heating water tank flows from the bottom into the flat-plate solar thermal collector A for heating; a hot water inlet pipe A is arranged in the heating water tank, and the hot water inlet pipe A is connected to the flat-plate solar thermal collector A through a hot water inlet pipe B, so that the water heated in the flat-plate solar thermal collector A enters the heating water tank; wherein the hot water inlet pipe A is a long pipe, so that the seawater heated in the flat-plate solar thermal collector A flows into the top of the heating water tank;

[0013] The inner bottom of the condensing sleeve A is provided with a water baffle, which is annular and is sleeved on the outer periphery of the heating water tank to separate fresh water and concentrated sea water;

[0014] A concentrated seawater outlet is arranged on the bottom plate directly below the water absorbing material, which is connected to the concentrated seawater collection tank through a concentrated seawater collection pipe; a fresh water outlet is arranged on the bottom plate between the water baffle and the condensing sleeve A, which is connected to the fresh water collection tank through a fresh water collection pipe.

[0015] Preferably, a light absorbing plate is arranged on the inner wall surface of the preheating seawater cylinder, which is parallel to the glass cover plate, and the seawater in the preheating seawater cylinder submerges the light absorbing plate.

[0016] Preferably, a floating ball is arranged on the water surface in the preheating seawater cylinder, and the water level of the seawater in the preheating seawater cylinder is determined by the height of the floating ball floating up and down.

[0017] Preferably, one end of the flat-plate solar collector A is hinged to one end of a connecting rod A, and the other end is hinged to one end of a connecting rod B, and the other ends of the connecting rod A and the connecting rod B are fixed to the outer periphery of the condensing sleeve A; the connecting rod B is located above the connecting rod A and is shorter than the connecting rod A, and the inclination angle of the flat-plate solar collector A can be adjusted by adjusting the length difference between the connecting rod B and the connecting rod A.

[0018] Preferably, it also includes: a heat insulation layer, which is coated on the circumferential outer surface of the preheating seawater cylinder.

[0019] Preferably, it also includes: an auxiliary electric heating pipe, which is arranged in the heating water tank.

[0020] Preferably, it also includes: a water retaining and collecting ring, and more than two water retaining and collecting rings are evenly arranged along the axial direction on the outer periphery of the heating water tank.

[0021] Preferably, it further comprises: a water seal elbow A and a water seal elbow B, wherein the water seal elbow A is arranged between the concentrated seawater collecting pipe and the concentrated seawater outlet, and the water seal elbow B is arranged between the fresh water collecting pipe and the fresh water outlet.

[0022] Preferably, it also includes: a flat-plate solar collector B and a flat-plate solar collector C, wherein the flat-plate solar collector B and the flat-plate solar collector C are respectively hinged on the outer periphery of the condensing sleeve A, and the two are respectively located on both sides of the flat-plate solar collector A.

[0023] Preferably, each of the gravity-feed liquid film evaporation distillation mechanisms also includes: a condensing sleeve B and a condensing sleeve C, the condensing sleeve C is arranged between the heating water tank and the condensing sleeve A, the condensing sleeve B is arranged between the heating water tank and the condensing sleeve C, and the outer surfaces of the condensing sleeve B and the condensing sleeve C are both covered with water-absorbing materials.

[0024] Beneficial effects:

[0025] (1) The preheating seawater cylinder and the salt water separation part of the present invention are combined into one, and the potential energy of seawater can be used to realize the gravity water inflow of seawater, saving power drive energy consumption. At the same time, the solar energy absorbed by the preheating seawater cylinder is absorbed by the seawater, thereby increasing the water inlet temperature. The condensation latent heat released by the water vapor in the seawater feed pipe during condensation is also absorbed by the seawater in the seawater feed pipe, thereby promoting the condensation of water vapor and improving the water production rate of the seawater distillation device.

[0026] (2) The seawater feed pipe of the present invention is spirally wrapped around the outer wall of the condensing sleeve, thereby absorbing the latent heat of condensation of water vapor and raising the temperature of the feed seawater. After entering the device, the seawater feed pipe continues to spirally wrap around the outer wall of the heating water tank to continue to raise the temperature of the feed seawater, thereby shortening the startup time of the device and facilitating an increase in the fresh water production.

[0027] (3) The orientation and inclination angle of the flat-plate solar collector used in the present invention are pre-set according to the exposure time and angle of sunlight, which can not only fully absorb solar energy, but also provide shade for the condensing sleeve to prevent the condensing sleeve from being heated up by direct sunlight, thereby increasing the temperature difference between the evaporation and condensation surfaces of the distillation device, enhancing the driving force for heat and mass transfer of water vapor, and facilitating rapid evaporation and condensation of water vapor.

[0028] (4) The present invention hinges the flat-plate solar collector on the outer wall of the condensing sleeve. The installation angle of the flat-plate solar collector in space is adjustable and can be moved in time according to the season and ambient temperature. The installation area requirement on the ground is low and the occupancy is small, which significantly improves the applicability.

[0029] (5) The present invention arranges water seal elbows between the fresh water collecting pipe and the concentrated sea water pipe and the condensing sleeve, respectively, to prevent the internal water vapor pressure of the distillation device from being high and overflowing the distillation device during operation, thereby causing heat energy loss and loss of fresh water.

[0030] (6) The heating water tank of the present invention is also equipped with an electric auxiliary heating element, which can switch between solar energy supply and electric energy supply according to weather conditions and fresh water demand.

[0031] (7) The present invention can use multiple distillation devices in series and / or in parallel, which is conducive to the modular application of fresh water production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the distillation apparatus in Example 1.

[0033] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the parallel distillation apparatus in Example 1.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the distillation apparatus in Example 2.

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the distillation apparatus in Example 3.

[0036] Among them, 1- flat-plate solar collector A, 2- hinge, 3- water distributor, 4- flow control valve, 5- seawater feed pipe, 6- glass cover, 7- float, 8- seawater inlet, 9- overflow pipe, 10- light absorbing plate, 11- preheating seawater cylinder, 12- insulation layer, 13- hot water inlet pipe A, 14- auxiliary electric heating pipe, 15- heating water tank, 16- condensing sleeve A, 17- water retaining confluence ring, 18- water absorbing material, 19 -Connecting rod A, 20-water baffle, 21-concentrated seawater collecting pipe, 22-valve A, 23-concentrated seawater collecting tank, 24-pressure gauge, 25-return pipe, 26-hot water inlet pipe B, 27-return port, 28-bottom plate, 29-water seal elbow B, 30-fresh water collecting pipe, 31-fresh water collecting tank, 32-flat plate solar collector B, 33-flat plate solar collector C, 34-condensing sleeve B, 35-condensing sleeve C. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0038] Embodiment 1:

[0039] The present embodiment provides a gravity-feed water-regenerating liquid film evaporation solar seawater distillation device, which utilizes incident sunlight to preheat the feed seawater, and utilizes the latent heat released by the condensation of water vapor in the distillation device for heat recovery. This can improve the thermal energy utilization efficiency and fresh water production of solar seawater desalination, reduce the footprint of the device, and provide the possibility for large-scale application of small-scale solar seawater desalination devices.

[0040] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the distillation device includes: a flat-plate solar collector A1, a concentrated seawater collection tank 23, a pressure gauge 24, a fresh water collection tank 31 and one or more self-gravity water inlet liquid film evaporation distillation mechanisms; each self-gravity water inlet liquid film evaporation distillation mechanism includes: a water separator 3, a flow control valve 4, a seawater feed pipe 5, a glass cover plate 6, a float 7, an overflow pipe 9, a light absorbing plate 10, a preheated seawater cylinder 11, an insulation layer 12, a hot water inlet pipe A13, an auxiliary electric heating pipe 14, a heating water tank 15, a condensing sleeve A16, a water retaining collector ring 17, a water absorbing material 18, a water retaining plate 20, a concentrated seawater collection pipe 21, a valve A22, a valve B, a return pipe 25, a hot water inlet pipe B26, a bottom plate 28, a water seal elbow A, a water seal elbow B29 and a fresh water collection pipe 30.

[0041] The connection relationship of the distillation device is as follows: for each gravity-feeding liquid film evaporation distillation mechanism, the heating water tank 15 is an elongated tubular water tank (with water encapsulated therein) and is installed vertically, which increases the heating area while reducing the floor space; the condensing sleeve A16 is coaxially sleeved on the outer periphery of the heating water tank 15, and an annular cavity is formed between the two and the lengths of the two are equal; the upper and lower openings of the condensing sleeve A16 are respectively blocked (blocked and sealed) by the preheating seawater cylinder 11 and the bottom plate 28;

[0042] Among them, the upward end of the preheating seawater cylinder 11 is an oblique opening, the inclined surface faces south, and the inclination angle between it and the installation axis is within a set range, that is, it is ensured that the preheating seawater cylinder 11 can receive most of the sunlight in a day. The opening end of the preheating seawater cylinder 11 is provided with a glass cover plate 6, which is conducive to the incidence of sunlight and the heat preservation of the preheating seawater cylinder 11;

[0043] A seawater inlet 8 is provided on the outer wall surface of the non-sunny side of the preheating seawater cylinder 11 and an overflow pipe 9 is installed. The seawater inlet 8 is located above the overflow pipe 9. The seawater inlet 8 is used to input seawater into the preheating seawater cylinder 11. The overflow pipe 9 is used to control the amount of water in the preheating seawater cylinder 11 not to exceed a set value. A light absorbing plate 10 is provided on the inner wall surface of the preheating seawater cylinder 11, which is parallel to the glass cover plate 6. The seawater in the preheating seawater cylinder 11 submerges the light absorbing plate 10. A buoy 7 is provided on the water surface of the preheating seawater cylinder 11, and the water level of the seawater in the preheating seawater cylinder 11 can be determined by the height of its floating up and down.

[0044] One end (water inlet end) of the seawater feed pipe 5 is connected to the outer wall surface of the sunny side (south side) of the preheating seawater cylinder 11, and the other end (water outlet end) first spirally descends and surrounds the outer periphery of the condensing sleeve A16, then passes through the bottom plate 28 and spirally ascends and surrounds the outer periphery of the heating water tank 15, until it extends into the water divider 3 set on the top periphery of the heating water tank 15, so as to allow the seawater in the preheating seawater cylinder 11 to flow into the water divider 3; a flow control valve 4 is provided at the water inlet end of the seawater feed pipe 5, so as to control the flow rate of water supplied from the preheating seawater cylinder 11 to the heating water tank 15;

[0045] The outer periphery of the heating water tank 15 is coated with a water absorbing material 18 (located below the seawater feed pipe 5 on the outer periphery of the heating water tank 15);

[0046] When there is only one self-gravity water-inlet liquid film evaporation distillation mechanism, the flat-plate solar thermal collector A1 is connected to the sunny side of the self-gravity water-inlet liquid film evaporation distillation mechanism; when there are more than two self-gravity water-inlet liquid film evaporation distillation mechanisms and they share one flat-plate solar thermal collector A1, one concentrated seawater collection tank 23 and one fresh water collection tank 31, adjacent self-gravity water-inlet liquid film evaporation distillation mechanisms are connected in parallel, and the flat-plate solar thermal collector A1 is connected to the sunny side of the southernmost self-gravity water-inlet liquid film evaporation distillation mechanism; the flat-plate solar thermal collector One end of the flat-plate solar collector A1 is connected to one end of the connecting rod A19 through a hinge 2, and the other end of the flat-plate solar collector A1 is connected to one end of the connecting rod B through a hinge 2, and the other ends of the connecting rod A19 and the connecting rod B are fixed to the outer periphery of the condensing sleeve A16; the flat-plate solar collector A1 faces the sun, the connecting rod B is located above the connecting rod A19 and is shorter than the connecting rod A19, and the inclination angle of the flat-plate solar collector A1 can be adjusted by adjusting the length difference between the connecting rod B and the connecting rod A19; wherein the flat-plate solar collector A1 is used to heat seawater;

[0047] A water return port 27 and a hot water inlet pipe A13 are provided on the bottom plate 28, and the water return pipe 25 is connected to the water return port 27. The bottom of the heating water tank 15 is connected to the flat-plate solar thermal collector A1 through the water return port 27 and the water return pipe 25, so as to allow the water in the heating water tank 15 to flow from the bottom into the flat-plate solar thermal collector A1 for heating; the hot water inlet pipe A13 is connected to the hot water inlet pipe B26, and the bottom of the heating water tank 15 is connected to the flat-plate solar thermal collector A1 through the hot water inlet pipe A13 and the hot water inlet pipe B26, so as to allow the water heated in the flat-plate solar thermal collector A1 to flow into the heating water tank 15; wherein the hot water inlet pipe A13 is a long pipe, extending from the bottom plate 28 into the upper part of the interior of the heating water tank 15, so as to allow the water heated in the flat-plate solar thermal collector A1 to flow into the upper part of the heating water tank 15;

[0048] A water baffle 20 is provided at the bottom of the condensing sleeve A16. The water baffle 20 is annular and is mounted on the outer periphery of the heating water tank 15 to separate fresh water and concentrated sea water.

[0049] A concentrated seawater outlet is provided on the bottom plate 28 directly below the water-absorbing material 18, and is connected to the concentrated seawater collecting tank 23 through a concentrated seawater collecting pipe 21. A valve A22 is provided on the concentrated seawater collecting pipe 21 to control the concentrated seawater outlet and for maintenance and standby. A pressure gauge 24 is provided on the concentrated seawater collecting tank 23 to monitor the internal pressure of the concentrated seawater collecting tank 23 in real time. A fresh water outlet is provided on the bottom plate 28 between the water retaining plate 20 and the condensing sleeve A16, and is connected to the fresh water collecting tank 31 through a fresh water collecting pipe 30. A valve B is provided on the fresh water collecting pipe 30 to control the fresh water outlet and for maintenance and standby.

[0050] Furthermore, an auxiliary electric heating pipe 14 is also provided in the heating water tank 15, which can be used to temporarily heat the seawater in the heating water tank 15 for emergency use;

[0051] Furthermore, the circumferential outer surface of the preheating seawater cylinder 11 is covered with a heat insulation layer 12, which is used to reduce the heat dissipation of seawater in the preheating seawater cylinder 11;

[0052] Furthermore, more than two water retaining and converging rings 17 are evenly arranged along the axial direction on the outer periphery of the heating water tank 15 to ensure that there is a liquid film in the water absorbing material 18 on the outer periphery of the heating water tank 15 as much as possible, thereby preventing the liquid film in the water absorbing material 18 from gathering to the lower end of the heating water tank 15 under the action of gravity as much as possible;

[0053] Furthermore, a water seal elbow A is provided between the concentrated seawater collecting pipe 21 and the concentrated seawater outlet to prevent the water vapor pressure in the concentrated seawater collecting tank 23 from being too high and damaging the distillation device; a water seal elbow B29 is provided between the fresh water collecting pipe 30 and the fresh water outlet to prevent the water vapor pressure in the fresh water collecting tank 31 from being high and overflowing, causing the loss of fresh water.

[0054] The working principle of the distillation device is as follows: seawater is fed into the preheating seawater cylinder 11 from the seawater inlet 8, sunlight enters the preheating seawater cylinder 11 through the glass cover plate 6 and is reflected into the seawater by the mirror surface of the water surface therein, and the light absorbing plate 10 converts the incident sunlight and the reflected sunlight into the thermal energy of the seawater in the preheating seawater cylinder 11, so that the seawater is preheated; the seawater after the temperature rise flows into the heating water tank 15 through the seawater feed pipe 5, and in the process of flowing in the seawater feed pipe 5, the water vapor in the device condenses into fresh water on the inner surface of the condensing sleeve 16, and its condensation latent heat further heats the seawater in the seawater feed pipe 5, and the seawater in the seawater feed pipe 5 continues to enter the water separator 3. In the whole flow process, the seawater The water has reached the set temperature; the seawater in the water divider 3 enters the water-absorbing material 18 and exists therein in the form of a liquid film; the water in the heating water tank 15 is further heated by the flat-plate solar collector A1 and / or the auxiliary electric heating tube 14, and the seawater liquid film in the water-absorbing material 18 forms water vapor under the action of the heating of the heating water tank 15, and the water vapor condenses into fresh water at the bottom of the preheating seawater cylinder 11 and on the inner wall surface of the condensing sleeve 16, and at the same time transfers the condensation latent heat to the seawater in the preheating seawater cylinder 11 and the seawater in the seawater feed pipe 5; the generated fresh water enters the fresh water collection tank 31 along the condensing sleeve 16, and the unevaporated concentrated seawater enters the concentrated seawater collection tank 23 along the water-absorbing material 18.

[0055] Embodiment 2:

[0056] like Figure 3As shown, different from Example 1, this embodiment also includes: a flat-plate solar collector B32 and a flat-plate solar collector C33, which are respectively hinged on the outer periphery of the condensing sleeve A16, and are respectively located on both sides of the flat-plate solar collector A1 (the flat-plate solar collector B32 and the flat-plate solar collector C33 face east and west respectively); the principle is that: in the morning, the flat-plate solar collector B32 and the flat-plate solar collector A1 absorb solar energy. Provide heat to the heating water tank 15; at noon, the flat-plate solar collector B32, the flat-plate solar collector A1 and the flat-plate solar collector C33 absorb solar energy to provide heat to the heating water tank 15; in the afternoon, the flat-plate solar collector A1 and the flat-plate solar collector C33 absorb solar energy to provide heat to the heating water tank 15. The use of the flat-plate solar collector B32 and the flat-plate solar collector C33 can improve the utilization rate of solar energy by the distillation device, increase the daily fresh water output of the distillation device, and extend the daily fresh water supply time.

[0057] Embodiment 3:

[0058] like Figure 4 As shown, different from Example 1, each gravity-feeding liquid film evaporation distillation mechanism further includes: a condensing sleeve B34 and a condensing sleeve C35, wherein the condensing sleeve C35 is arranged between the heating water tank 15 and the condensing sleeve A16, and the condensing sleeve B34 is arranged between the heating water tank 15 and the condensing sleeve C35, and the outer surfaces of the condensing sleeves B34 and the condensing sleeves C35 are both coated with water-absorbing materials 18; the principle is that the seawater liquid film in the water-absorbing material 18 on the outer surface of the condensing sleeve B34 absorbs the seawater on the outer surface of the heating water tank 15. The water vapor evaporated from the seawater film in the water-absorbing material 18 condenses into water vapor through latent heat, which is condensed into fresh water on the inner surface of the condensing sleeve B34. At the same time, the seawater film in the water-absorbing material 18 on the outer surface of the condensing sleeve C35 is heated to generate water vapor, which is condensed into fresh water on the inner surface of the condensing sleeve C35. The use of the condensing sleeve B34 and the condensing sleeve C35 can repeatedly utilize the heat energy transferred to the seawater film by the heating water tank 15 to generate water vapor, thereby improving the thermal energy utilization efficiency of the distillation device and increasing the total amount of fresh water generated per unit heat collection area.

[0059] In summary, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gravity-feed water-regenerating liquid film evaporation solar seawater distillation device, characterized in that: include: A flat-plate solar collector A (1), a concentrated seawater collection tank (23), a freshwater collection tank (31) and one or more gravity-feed liquid film evaporation distillation mechanisms; Each gravity-feed liquid film evaporation distillation mechanism comprises: a water separator (3), a flow control valve (4), a seawater feed pipe (5), a glass cover (6), an overflow pipe (9), a preheated seawater cylinder (11), a hot water inlet pipe A (13), a heating water tank (15), a condensation sleeve A (16), a water absorbing material (18), a water baffle (20), a concentrated seawater collection pipe (21), a return pipe (25), a hot water inlet pipe B (26), a bottom plate (28) and a fresh water collection pipe (30); The heating water tank (15) is a long circular tube water tank and is installed vertically, and contains water. The condensing sleeve A (16) is coaxially sleeved on the outer circumference of the heating water tank (15). The upper and lower openings of the condensing sleeve A (16) are respectively blocked by the preheating seawater cylinder (11) and the bottom plate (28). The upward end of the preheating seawater cylinder (11) is an oblique opening, the oblique opening faces south, and the inclination angle between the oblique opening and the installation axis is within a set range. A glass cover plate (6) is provided at the opening end of the preheating seawater cylinder (11); A seawater inlet (8) is provided on the outer wall surface of the preheating seawater cylinder (11) on the side facing away from the sun and an overflow pipe (9) is installed, wherein the seawater inlet (8) is located above the overflow pipe (9); The water inlet end of the seawater feed pipe (5) is connected to the outer wall surface of the preheating seawater cylinder (11) on the sunny side, and the water outlet end is spirally wrapped around the outer periphery of the condensing sleeve A (16), passes through the bottom plate (28) and spirally wrapped around the outer periphery of the heating water tank (15), and its end is connected to the water distributor (3) for allowing the seawater in the preheating seawater cylinder (11) to flow into the water distributor (3); a flow control valve (4) is provided at the water inlet end of the seawater feed pipe (5) for controlling the flow rate of water delivered from the preheating seawater cylinder (11) to the water distributor (3); wherein the water distributor (3) is sleeved on the top outer periphery of the heating water tank (15); The outer periphery of the heating water tank (15) is coated with a water absorbing material (18); When there is only one gravity-feed liquid film evaporation distillation mechanism, the flat-plate solar thermal collector A (1) is hinged on the sunny side of the gravity-feed liquid film evaporation distillation mechanism; when there are more than two gravity-feed liquid film evaporation distillation mechanisms and they share one flat-plate solar thermal collector A (1), one concentrated seawater collection tank (23) and one fresh water collection tank (31), adjacent gravity-feed liquid film evaporation distillation mechanisms are connected in parallel, and the flat-plate solar thermal collector A (1) is hinged on the sunny side of the southernmost gravity-feed liquid film evaporation distillation mechanism; wherein the flat-plate solar thermal collector A (1) faces the sun and is used to heat the water in the heating water tank (15); The bottom of the heating water tank (15) is connected to the flat-plate solar thermal collector A (1) via a return pipe (25), so that the water in the heating water tank (15) flows from the bottom into the flat-plate solar thermal collector A (1) for heating; a hot water inlet pipe A (13) is arranged in the heating water tank (15), and the hot water inlet pipe A (13) is connected to the flat-plate solar thermal collector A (1) via a hot water inlet pipe B (26), so that the water heated in the flat-plate solar thermal collector A (1) enters the heating water tank (15); wherein the hot water inlet pipe A (13) is a long pipe, so that the seawater heated in the flat-plate solar thermal collector A (1) flows into the upper part of the heating water tank (15); The inner bottom of the condensing sleeve A (16) is provided with a water baffle (20) which is annular and is sleeved on the outer periphery of the heating water tank (15) to separate fresh water and concentrated sea water; A concentrated seawater outlet is provided on the bottom plate (28) directly below the water absorbing material (18), and is connected to a concentrated seawater collection tank (23) via a concentrated seawater collection pipe (21); a freshwater outlet is provided on the bottom plate (28) between the water retaining plate (20) and the condensing sleeve A (16), and is connected to a freshwater collection tank (31) via a freshwater collection pipe (30); A light absorbing plate (10) is arranged on the inner wall surface of the preheating seawater cylinder (11) and is parallel to the glass cover plate (6). The seawater in the preheating seawater cylinder (11) submerges the light absorbing plate (10); Each of the gravity-feed liquid film evaporation distillation mechanisms further comprises: an auxiliary electric heating pipe (14), wherein the auxiliary electric heating pipe (14) is arranged in a heating water tank (15); Each of the gravity-feed liquid film evaporation distillation mechanisms further comprises: a water seal elbow A and a water seal elbow B (29), wherein the water seal elbow A is arranged between the concentrated seawater collection pipe (21) and the concentrated seawater outlet, and the water seal elbow B (29) is arranged between the fresh water collection pipe (30) and the fresh water outlet; The distillation device also includes: a flat-plate solar collector B (32) and a flat-plate solar collector C (33), wherein the flat-plate solar collector B (32) and the flat-plate solar collector C (33) are respectively hinged on the outer periphery of the condensing sleeve A (16), and the two are respectively located on both sides of the flat-plate solar collector A (1).

2. The gravity-feed water-regenerating liquid film evaporation solar seawater distillation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A floating ball (7) is arranged on the water surface in the preheating seawater cylinder (11), and the water level of the seawater in the preheating seawater cylinder (11) is determined by the height of the floating ball (7) floating up and down.

3. The gravity-feed water-regenerating liquid film evaporation solar seawater distillation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the flat-plate solar collector A (1) is hinged to one end of a connecting rod A (19), and the other end is hinged to one end of a connecting rod B. The other ends of the connecting rod A (19) and the connecting rod B are both fixed to the outer periphery of the condensing sleeve A (16); the connecting rod B is located above the connecting rod A (19) and is shorter than the connecting rod A (19). By adjusting the length difference between the connecting rod B and the connecting rod A (19), the inclination angle of the flat-plate solar collector A (1) can be adjusted.

4. The gravity-feed water-regenerating liquid film evaporation solar seawater distillation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A heat insulation layer (12), wherein the heat insulation layer (12) is coated on the circumferential outer surface of the preheating seawater cylinder (11).

5. The gravity-feed water-regenerating liquid film evaporation solar seawater distillation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A water retaining and collecting ring (17), wherein more than two water retaining and collecting rings (17) are evenly arranged along the axial direction on the outer periphery of the heating water tank (15).

6. The gravity-feed water-regenerating liquid film evaporation solar seawater distillation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the gravity-feed liquid film evaporation distillation mechanisms also includes: a condensation sleeve B (34) and a condensation sleeve C (35), wherein the condensation sleeve C (35) is arranged between the heating water tank (15) and the condensation sleeve A (16), and the condensation sleeve B (34) is arranged between the heating water tank (15) and the condensation sleeve C (35), and the outer surfaces of the condensation sleeve B (34) and the condensation sleeve C (35) are both coated with water-absorbing material (18).

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