A ship system for efficiently generating electricity using discharge water energy

Abstract

The present invention discloses a ship system for high-efficiency power generation using water discharge energy, including an energy collection part and a power generation part arranged on the water surface through a floating boat assembly, the floating boat assembly can move on the water surface; the energy collection part includes a water wheel assembly, and a water collection cover is arranged outside the water wheel assembly; the power generation part includes a plurality of generator sets, and a motor cover is arranged outside the plurality of generator sets, and the input end of the generator set is connected to the output end of the water wheel assembly by transmission. The present invention can recycle the kinetic energy contained in the water flow falling from a high place for power generation, and can automatically adjust the position of the components related to the collection of kinetic energy of water according to the water conditions, so that it is always aligned with the end of the water flow, and the power generation efficiency is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of renewable energy, further to the field of hydroelectric power generation technology, and in particular to a ship system that utilizes water discharge energy to generate electricity with high efficiency. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, dams have been built in many places in China (mainly rivers). On the one hand, it is to control the water conditions downstream to prevent drought and flood disasters. On the other hand, the water stored upstream can drive the power generation equipment in the dam through the impeller to transmit electricity to the power grid in the surrounding areas. With the improvement of national production level, the demand for electricity in all walks of life is increasing. At the same time, due to the increasingly harsh natural environment, clean energy such as hydropower is becoming more and more popular.

[0003] Generally speaking, in order to prevent the flow of water downstream of the dam from being cut off, the dam needs to provide basic water flow to the downstream of the dam through the flood discharge port while storing water upstream. When the flood season comes, in order to prevent the water level upstream of the dam from being too high, the water flow out of the flood discharge port needs to be increased.

[0004] However, due to the height difference between the upstream and downstream levels of the dam, the water upstream of the dam has considerable potential energy, which is converted into kinetic energy of the water flow when it is discharged from the flood discharge port to the downstream. However, there is currently no device or system specifically designed to recycle this energy, resulting in this energy being wasted. At the same time, in nature, there are similar water flow structures (such as waterfalls), and the kinetic energy contained in the water flow falling from a high place has not been fully utilized. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a ship system for efficiently generating electricity by utilizing the discharge energy. The specific scheme is as follows:

[0006] A ship system for efficiently generating electricity using water discharge energy comprises an energy collecting portion and a power generating portion which are arranged on the water surface via a floating boat assembly, wherein the floating boat assembly can move on the water surface; the energy collecting portion comprises a water wheel assembly, wherein a water collecting cover is arranged outside the water wheel assembly; the power generating portion comprises a plurality of generator sets, wherein a motor cover is arranged outside the generator sets, and the input end of the generator set is drivingly connected to the output end of the water wheel assembly.

[0007] Furthermore, the pontoon assembly includes a main pontoon for carrying the energy collecting part and a plurality of auxiliary pontoons for carrying the power generating part, the main pontoon and the auxiliary pontoons being connected via a first telescopic rod; the main pontoon and the auxiliary pontoons are respectively provided with a plurality of first articulated seats and second articulated seats, the first articulated seat is provided with a first bolt parallel to the main pontoon, the second articulated seat is provided with a second bolt parallel to the auxiliary pontoon, and both ends of the first telescopic rod are respectively fixedly connected to the first bolt and the second bolt.

[0008] Further, the number of the auxiliary pontoons is four, and the four auxiliary pontoons surround the main pontoon and are symmetrical with respect to the center of the main pontoon.

[0009] Furthermore, a plurality of support plates are arranged between adjacent auxiliary pontoons, and the plurality of support plates are symmetrically arranged relative to the center of the main pontoon; the support plates are connected to the main pontoon via a second telescopic rod, and the support plates are connected to the auxiliary pontoons via a third telescopic rod; a plurality of third hinged seats are provided on the support plates, and a third bolt parallel to the support plates is provided on the third hinged seat; the two ends of the second telescopic rod are fixedly connected to the third bolt and the first bolt respectively, and the two ends of the third telescopic rod are connected to the third bolt and the second bolt respectively.

[0010] Furthermore, the water wheel assembly includes a cylindrical body installed on the main floating boat through a bracket; the cylindrical body includes two groups of side plates arranged in parallel, and main shaft holes are opened at the geometric centers of the two groups of side plates, and a number of supporting rods are connected between the two groups of side plates, and the connection points between the several supporting rods and the side plates are symmetrical with respect to the center of the main shaft hole, and the several supporting rods constitute the side wall of the cylindrical body, and the supporting rods are fixedly connected with a baffle; a main shaft rod extending in the opposite directions of the two groups of side plates is passed through the main shaft hole, and a supporting bearing is sleeved on the main shaft rod; a supporting ring is provided on the bracket, and the outer ring of the supporting bearing is connected to the inner ring of the supporting ring through a number of radially arranged fourth telescopic rods.

[0011] Furthermore, a water collection port is provided on the top of the water collection cover, and the water collection port extends into the water collection cover to form an inverted cone structure, the cylindrical body is arranged in the water collection cover and deviates from the water collection port, and the distance between the water collection port and the main shaft rod projected on the same horizontal plane is smaller than the distance between the main shaft rod and the supporting rod;

[0012] Two symmetrically arranged adjustment shafts are fixed on the outer wall of the water collecting cover, and the two adjustment shafts are arranged radially along the water collecting cover. The adjustment shafts are installed on the main floating boat through a bearing seat, and the adjustment shafts are transmission-connected to an adjustment motor. A diverter plate is provided in the water collecting port, and the diverter plate coincides with the projection of the adjustment shaft on the horizontal plane. Pressure sensors are symmetrically provided on both sides of the diverter plate, and the pressure sensors are electrically connected to the adjustment motor through a single-chip microcomputer.

[0013] Furthermore, the water collecting cover is formed into a conical structure, the distance between the bottom of the water collecting cover and the main floating ship is greater than the diameter of the water collecting port, and the top surface of the main floating ship is formed into a conical surface.

[0014] Furthermore, the input end of the generator set is connected to a fifth telescopic rod via a first universal coupling, and the end of the fifth telescopic rod is connected to the main shaft via a second universal coupling.

[0015] Furthermore, a hemispherical buoyancy cover is connected to the bottom surface of the auxiliary floating vessel, a counterweight block is fixed at the center of gravity of the buoyancy cover, and the weight of the counterweight block is greater than the weight of the power generation part located on the auxiliary floating vessel; the motor cover is formed into a conical structure, and the bottom diameter of the motor cover is smaller than the spherical diameter of the buoyancy cover.

[0016] Furthermore, the floating boat assembly is also connected to a power assembly, and the power assembly includes an autonomous power device, an external traction device, or a combination of the two:

[0017] The autonomous power device comprises a plurality of drive shafts arranged on the floating boat assembly, the plurality of drive shafts are located on the same plane and are arranged perpendicular to each other, and the number of the drive shafts is at least two; a propeller is connected to the end of the drive shaft, and a motor is connected to the other end of the drive shaft in a transmission manner, and the motor is electrically connected to the power generation unit through a power storage device;

[0018] The external traction equipment includes a tractor fixedly mounted on a barge, a dam body or a shore, and the tractor is connected to the floating boat assembly through a steel cable;

[0019] The power assembly also includes a control center that is communicatively connected to the autonomous power device and the external traction device, and the control center includes a speed measuring device for measuring the water flow speed of the drain outlet.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] The present invention proposes a ship system that utilizes water discharge energy to generate electricity with high efficiency. The kinetic energy contained in the water flow falling from a high altitude can be recycled and utilized for power generation. At the same time, the position of the components related to collecting the kinetic energy of the water flow can be automatically adjusted according to the water conditions so that they are always aligned with the end of the water flow, thereby achieving high power generation efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the working state of the present invention,

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0024] Figure 3 FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the power assembly of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 It is the structural schematic diagram II of the power assembly of the present invention,

[0026] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the floating boat assembly of the present invention,

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of the floating boat assembly of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 is a front view of the water wheel assembly of the present invention,

[0029] Figure 8 is a side view of the water wheel assembly of the present invention,

[0030] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the water collecting cover of the present invention,

[0031] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the energy collecting part and the power generating part of the present invention.

[0032] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram I showing the working state of a water collecting cover according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram II of the working state of the water collecting cover of another embodiment of the present invention,

[0034] Fig.13 Schematic diagram III of the working state of the water collecting cover of another embodiment of the present invention,

[0035] Fig.14 The figure is a schematic structural diagram of a buoyancy cover according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Serial number and name of the accompanying drawings: 1. Floating boat assembly, 11. Main pontoon, 111. First hinged seat, 112. First bolt, 12. Auxiliary pontoon, 121. Second hinged seat, 122. Second bolt, 123. Buoyancy cover, 124. Counterweight, 13. Support plate, 131. Third hinged seat, 132. Third bolt, 14. Power assembly, 141. Drive shaft, 142. Propeller, 143. Motor, 144. Traction machine, 2. Energy collecting part, 21. Water wheel assembly, 211. Bracket, 212. Cylindrical body, 213. Side plate, 21 4. spindle hole, 215. support rod, 216. baffle, 217. spindle rod, 218. support bearing, 219. support ring, 22. water collecting cover, 221. water collecting port, 222. adjustment shaft, 223. bearing seat, 224. adjustment motor, 225. diverter plate, 226. pressure sensor, 3. power generation unit, 31. generator set, 32. motor cover, 33. first universal joint, 34. second universal joint, 4. first telescopic rod, 5. second telescopic rod, 6. third telescopic rod, 7. fourth telescopic rod, 8. fifth telescopic rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to explain the technical content, structural features, achieved objectives and effects of the present invention in detail, the following embodiments are given by way of example and detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present invention discloses a ship system for efficiently generating electricity by utilizing water discharge energy, including an energy collecting part 2 and a power generating part 3 which are arranged on the water surface through a floating ship assembly 1, and the floating ship assembly 1 can move on the water surface; the energy collecting part 2 includes a water wheel assembly 21, and a water collecting cover 22 is arranged outside the water wheel assembly 21; the power generating part 3 includes a plurality of generator sets 31, and a motor cover 32 is arranged outside the plurality of generator sets 31, and the input end of the generator set 31 is transmission-connected with the output end of the water wheel assembly 21.

[0039] like Figure 3 The floating boat assembly 1 is also connected to a power assembly 14, which includes an autonomous power device, an external traction device, or a combination of the two:

[0040] The autonomous power device includes two drive shafts 141 arranged on the floating boat assembly 1. The two drive shafts 141 are located on the same plane and arranged perpendicular to each other, and are respectively used to control the floating boat assembly to move along the water flow direction and perpendicular to the water flow direction; the end of the drive shaft 141 is connected to a propeller 142, and the other end of the drive shaft 141 is transmission-connected to a motor 143, and the motor 143 is electrically connected to the power generation unit 3 through a power storage device (so that the power generated by this system can be used to drive its own power assembly in addition to being transmitted to the power grid);

[0041] like Figure 4, the external traction equipment includes a tractor 144 fixedly mounted on a barge, a dam body or a shore, and the tractor 144 is connected to the floating vessel assembly through a steel cable;

[0042] The power assembly 14 also includes a control center that is communicatively connected to the autonomous power equipment and the external traction equipment, and the control center includes a velocity measuring device for measuring the water flow velocity at the water outlet. The velocity measuring device can be a turbine water flow velocity meter installed at the water outlet, or a remote water flow velocity meter using the Doppler or laser principle.

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the water flow velocity at the water outlet measured by the speed measuring equipment is V0, the height of the water outlet is H, and the height of the downstream horizontal plane is h; the height of the general dam is relative to the riverbed, so the actual height of the water flow is Hh. Because the water flowing out of the water outlet is in horizontal projection motion, it moves at a uniform speed in the horizontal direction and in free fall motion in the vertical direction.

[0044] So we can get:

[0045]

[0046] L=V0t (2)

[0047] In the above formula: g is the acceleration of gravity, t is the time when the discharged water flow contacts the downstream water surface, and L is the distance between the end of the discharged water flow and the discharge outlet on the horizontal plane (i.e. the distance between the energy collection point and the dam).

[0048] According to formula (1), we can get t:

[0049]

[0050] Substituting formula (3) into formula (2), we can get L:

[0051]

[0052] In the above formula: H is known (it has been determined when the dam is built), g is a constant, V0 and h need to be measured in real time, so when the downstream horizontal plane height h (i.e. the downstream water depth) and the water flow velocity V0 at the spillway are known, the distance L between the end of the spillway flow and the spillway on the horizontal plane can be calculated.

[0053] The floating boat assembly of the ship system is arranged on the water surface below the discharge water flow (for example, the water surface downstream of the dam body flood discharge outlet or the water surface downstream of the waterfall), and the power assembly is used to control the movement of the floating boat assembly so that the energy collecting part is aligned with the end of the discharge water flow. The water collecting cover is used to guide the discharge water flow to drive the water wheel assembly to work, and then drive the generator set to work to convert the kinetic energy of the discharge water flow into electrical energy, and finally transmit it to the power grid system through the power transmission equipment (which can be set on the hull or the shore).

[0054] According to the specific conditions of the water situation (for example, when the downstream water depth remains unchanged, the discharge volume increases, that is, the initial velocity V0 of the discharge flow increases, and at this time the distance L between the energy collection point and the dam increases; the discharge volume decreases, that is, the initial velocity V0 of the discharge flow decreases, and at this time the distance L between the energy collection point and the dam decreases. When the initial velocity V0 of the discharge flow remains unchanged, the downstream water surface becomes shallower, that is, the height h of the downstream horizontal plane decreases, that is, Hh increases, and at this time the distance L between the energy collection point and the dam increases; the downstream water surface becomes deeper, that is, the height h of the downstream horizontal plane increases, that is, Hh decreases, and at this time the distance between the energy collection point and the dam decreases), the control center can flexibly adjust the position of the floating boat assembly downstream of the dam according to the depth of the downstream water surface and the water flow velocity of the discharge port measured in real time, so that the energy collection part can always be aligned with the end of the discharge flow to ensure the power generation efficiency.

[0055] Combination Figure 5 and Figure 6 The pontoon assembly 1 includes a main pontoon 11 for carrying the energy collecting part 2 and a plurality of auxiliary pontoons 12 for carrying the power generating part 3. The main pontoon 11 and the auxiliary pontoons 12 are connected by a first telescopic rod 4. The main pontoon 11 and the auxiliary pontoon 12 are respectively provided with a plurality of first articulated seats 111 and a second articulated seat 121. The first articulated seat 111 is provided with a first bolt 112 parallel to the main pontoon 11. The second articulated seat 121 is provided with a second bolt 122 parallel to the auxiliary pontoon 12. Both ends of the first telescopic rod 4 are respectively fixedly connected with the first bolt 112 and the second bolt 122.

[0056] There are four auxiliary pontoons 12 , which surround the main pontoon 11 and are symmetrical with respect to the center of the main pontoon 11 .

[0057] A support plate 13 is provided between adjacent auxiliary pontoons 12, and the four support plates 13 are arranged symmetrically relative to the center of the main pontoon 11. The support plate 13 is connected to the main pontoon through a second telescopic rod 5, and the support plate 13 is connected to the auxiliary pontoon 12 through a third telescopic rod 6; a plurality of third articulated seats 131 are provided on the support plate 13, and a third bolt 132 parallel to the support plate 13 is provided on the third articulated seat 131; both ends of the second telescopic rod 5 are fixedly connected to the third bolt 132 and the first bolt 112, respectively, and both ends of the third telescopic rod 6 are connected to the third bolt 132 and the second bolt 122, respectively.

[0058] In actual application, the kinetic energy of the discharged water flowing out of the flood outlet is generally very large. Under the impact of the discharged water flow, the traditional hull structure is not only difficult to maintain a stable position, but also has the risk of capsizing.

[0059] Therefore, in the present application, the pontoon assembly is composed of a number of hinged main pontoons, auxiliary pontoons and support plates to form a "spider web" structure. When any small pontoon is impacted, other pontoons nearby share the load through telescopic rods. In particular, when the central main pontoon is impacted by the discharge water flow, the surrounding auxiliary pontoons and support plates can evenly share the impact force, preventing a single pontoon from being overturned by excessive impact force.

[0060] Reference Figure 5 Due to the connection structure of the telescopic rod and the bolts, the relative positions of the floating boats connected to the two ends of the same telescopic rod will not change in the horizontal plane, but will only change in the vertical plane. Even if the energy collecting part is impacted by the discharge water flow and its height is lower than that of the power generating part, the connection between the two is still stable under the action of the telescopic rod and the bolts. Figure 6 Such a decentralized structure enables the various parts of the floating boat assembly to share the impact borne by adjacent parts through vertical movement. At the same time, the overall structure of the entire floating boat assembly is complete and stable, which facilitates the movement of the entire floating boat assembly on the water surface.

[0061] Combination Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the water wheel assembly 21 includes a cylindrical body 212 installed on the main floating ship 11 through a bracket 211; the cylindrical body 212 includes two groups of side plates 213 arranged in parallel, and a main shaft hole 214 is opened at the geometric center of the two groups of side plates 213. A plurality of support rods 215 are connected between the two groups of side plates 213. The connection between the plurality of support rods 215 and the side plates 213 is symmetrical relative to the center of the main shaft hole 214. The plurality of support rods 215 constitute the side wall of the cylindrical body 212, and a baffle 216 is fixedly connected to the support rod 215; a main shaft rod 217 extending in the opposite direction of the two groups of side plates 213 is penetrated in the main shaft hole 214, and a support bearing 218 is sleeved on the main shaft rod 217; a support ring 219 is provided on the bracket 211, and the outer ring of the support bearing 218 is connected to the inner ring of the support ring 219 through a plurality of radially arranged fourth telescopic rods 7.

[0062] The bearing connected to the main shaft is not directly connected to the bracket, but is connected to the support ring on the bracket through a telescopic rod, so that the cylindrical body can rotate around the main shaft while some component force can be transmitted to the radially arranged telescopic rod when the impact force of the discharged water flow on the cylindrical body is too large; it prevents the main shaft from being overly impacted when the discharged water flow is too large, improves the stability of the water wheel assembly during operation, and extends the working life of the water wheel assembly.

[0063] like Fig. 9The top of the water collecting cover 22 is provided with a water collecting port 221, which extends into the water collecting cover 22 to form an inverted cone structure. The cylindrical body 212 is arranged in the water collecting cover 22 and deviates from the water collecting port 221. The distance between the water collecting port 221 and the main shaft rod 217 projected on the same horizontal plane is smaller than the distance between the main shaft rod 217 and the supporting rod 215. The water collecting cover 22 is formed into a conical structure, and the distance between the bottom of the water collecting cover 22 and the main floating ship 11 is greater than the diameter of the water collecting port 221. The top surface of the main floating ship 11 is formed into a conical surface, which is convenient for the discharge of water flow.

[0064] The inverted cone-shaped water collection port and the cylindrical body arranged away from the water collection port can ensure that the water entering the water collection cover from the water collection port can act on the baffle of the cylindrical body in a concentrated manner, and then be discharged into the water through the gap between the water collection cover and the main floating boat; the water collection cover itself is formed into a conical structure, which reduces the impact force on the top surface of the water collection cover, ensures the stable operation of the energy collecting part and improves its service life.

[0065] Reference Fig.10 The input end of the generator set 31 is connected to the fifth telescopic rod 8 through a first universal coupling 33 , and the end of the fifth telescopic rod 8 is connected to the main shaft 217 through a second universal coupling 34 .

[0066] Through the universal shaft and the telescopic rod, even if the main pontoon and the auxiliary pontoon are not on the same horizontal plane due to the effect of the drainage water flow, the force of the cylindrical body rotating under the effect of the drainage water flow can be smoothly transmitted to the generator set for power generation.

[0067] In another embodiment of the present application, Fig.11 As shown, two symmetrically arranged adjustment shafts 222 are fixed on the outer wall of the water collecting cover 22, and the two adjustment shafts 222 are arranged radially along the water collecting cover. The adjustment shafts 222 are installed on the main floating ship 11 through the bearing seat 223, and the adjustment shafts 222 are transmission-connected with the adjustment motor 224. Through such a structure, the water collecting cover can rotate around the adjustment shaft, thereby changing the angle between the water collecting port and the vertical plane. Because in actual applications, as the intensity of the water discharge flow is different, the end of the water discharge flow is not necessarily in a vertical state. When the end of the water discharge flow is tilted, the water collecting cover can adjust the angle so that the water collecting port is directly opposite to the water discharge flow, ensuring the collection of the water discharge flow, thereby improving the overall power generation efficiency.

[0068] A diverter plate 225 is provided in the water collection port 221 , and the projection of the diverter plate 225 and the adjustment shaft 222 on the horizontal plane coincides. Pressure sensors 226 are symmetrically provided on both sides of the diverter plate 225 , and the pressure sensors 226 are electrically connected to the adjustment motor 224 through a single chip microcomputer.

[0069] like Fig.11, when the end of the discharge flow is in a vertical state, the pressure sensors on both sides of the diverter plate do not generate signals (or generate signals, but the pressures felt by the two pressure sensors are equal), which means that the direction of the diverter plate is the same as the direction of the discharge flow, that is, the plane where the water collection port is located is perpendicular to the direction of the discharge flow (the water collection cover is facing the end of the discharge flow); Fig.12 , when the end of the discharge water flow is in an inclined state, only the left side of the pressure sensor on both sides of the diverter plate generates a signal (or both generate signals, but the pressure felt by the left pressure sensor is greater than the pressure felt by the right sensor). At this time, adjust the motor control to adjust the deflection of the side of the axial diverter plate that bears greater pressure (counterclockwise in the figure), and appropriately adjust the position of the main pontoon until the pressure sensor signals on both sides of the diverter plate disappear (or until the pressures felt by the two pressure sensors are equal), and become as follows Fig.13 The single chip receives the signal strength of the two pressure sensors to determine whether the direction of the diverter plate is the same as the end of the discharge water flow. If it is different, the motor is adjusted to automatically adjust the angle of the water collecting cover to ensure that the water collecting cover is always perpendicular to the end of the discharge water flow, thereby ensuring the power generation efficiency of the entire system.

[0070] In another embodiment of the present application, Fig.14 The bottom of the auxiliary floating boat 12 is connected with a hemispherical buoyancy cover 123, and a counterweight block 124 is fixed at the center of gravity of the buoyancy cover 123. The weight of the counterweight block 124 is greater than the weight of the power generation unit 3 on the auxiliary floating boat 12; the motor cover 32 is formed into a cone structure, and the bottom diameter of the motor cover 32 is smaller than the ball diameter of the buoyancy cover 123. The function of the buoyancy cover at the bottom of the auxiliary floating boat is not only to provide buoyancy for the auxiliary floating boat, but also to make the auxiliary floating boat similar to a tumbler on the water surface, ensuring the stability of the power generation unit on it; and the motor cover on the auxiliary floating boat is formed into a cone structure, on the one hand, to reduce the impact force of the discharge water flow on the top of the motor cover, and on the other hand, the motor cover can also serve as a water surface beacon to play a warning role.

[0071] In summary, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the patent scope of the present invention and the contents of the specification are within the scope covered by the patent of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ship system for efficiently generating electricity using water discharge energy, characterized in that: The invention relates to an energy collecting part (2) and a power generating part (3) which are arranged on the water surface by a floating boat assembly (1), wherein the floating boat assembly (1) is capable of moving on the water surface; the energy collecting part (2) comprises a water wheel assembly (21), wherein a water collecting cover (22) is provided outside the water wheel assembly (21); the power generating part (3) comprises a plurality of generator sets (31), wherein a motor cover (32) is provided outside the plurality of generator sets (31), wherein the input end of the generator set (31) is drivingly connected to the output end of the water wheel assembly (21); the floating boat assembly (1) comprises a main A floating boat (11) and a plurality of auxiliary floating boats (12) for carrying the power generation unit (3); the main floating boat (11) and the auxiliary floating boat (12) are connected via a first telescopic rod (4); the main floating boat (11) and the auxiliary floating boat (12) are respectively provided with a plurality of first articulated seats (111) and second articulated seats (121); the first articulated seats (111) are provided with a first bolt (112) parallel to the main floating boat (11); the second articulated seats (121) are provided with a second bolt (122) parallel to the auxiliary floating boat (12); the first telescopic rod (4) and the auxiliary floating boat (12) are respectively provided with a plurality of first articulated seats (111) and second articulated seats (121); The two ends of the rod (4) are respectively fixedly connected to the first bolt (112) and the second bolt (122); the number of the auxiliary pontoons (12) is four, and the four auxiliary pontoons (12) surround the main pontoon (11) and are symmetrical with respect to the center of the main pontoon (11); the water wheel assembly (21) comprises a cylindrical body (212) installed on the main pontoon (11) through a bracket (211); the cylindrical body (212) comprises two groups of side plates (213) arranged in parallel, and the two groups of side plates (213) are provided with a main shaft hole (213) at the geometric center. 4), a plurality of support rods (215) are connected between the two groups of side plates (213), the connection points between the plurality of support rods (215) and the side plates (213) are symmetrical with respect to the center of the main shaft hole (214), the plurality of support rods (215) constitute the side wall of the cylindrical body (212), and a baffle (216) is fixedly connected to the support rods (215); a main shaft rod (217) extending in a direction opposite to the two groups of side plates (213) is passed through the main shaft hole (214), and a support bearing (218) is sleeved on the main shaft rod (217);The support (211) is provided with a support ring (219), the outer ring of the support bearing (218) is connected to the inner ring of the support ring (219) through a plurality of radially arranged fourth telescopic rods (7), the top of the water collecting cover (22) is provided with a water collecting port (221), the water collecting port (221) extends into the water collecting cover (22) to form an inverted cone structure, the cylindrical body (212) is arranged in the water collecting cover (22) and deviates from the water collecting port (221), the water collecting port (221) and the main shaft rod (217) are arranged at the same level. The distance between the projections on the surface is smaller than the distance between the main shaft rod (217) and the support rod (215); two symmetrically arranged adjustment shafts (222) are fixed on the outer wall of the water collecting cover (22); the two adjustment shafts (222) are arranged radially along the water collecting cover; the adjustment shafts (222) are installed on the main floating ship (11) through a bearing seat (223); the adjustment shafts (222) are transmission-connected to an adjustment motor (224); a diverter plate (225) is provided in the water collecting port (221); the diverter plate (225) and the adjustment shafts (222) are in contact with each other in the water; The projections on the plane overlap, and pressure sensors (226) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the diverter plate (225). The pressure sensors (226) are electrically connected to the adjustment motor (224) through a single chip microcomputer. When the end of the water discharge flow is in a vertical state, the pressure sensors on both sides of the diverter plate do not generate signals or generate signals, but the pressures felt by the two pressure sensors are equal, which means that the direction of the diverter plate is the same as the direction of the water discharge flow, that is, the plane where the water collection port is located is perpendicular to the direction of the water discharge flow; when the end of the water discharge flow is in an inclined state, only the left side of the pressure sensors on both sides of the diverter plate generates signals or both generate signals, but the pressure felt by the left pressure sensor is greater than the pressure felt by the right pressure sensor. At this time, the adjustment motor controls the adjustment of the axial diverter plate to deflect the side that bears greater pressure, and appropriately adjusts the position of the main floating ship until the pressure sensor signals on both sides of the diverter plate disappear or until the pressures felt by the two pressure sensors are equal. The single chip microcomputer receives the signal strength of the two pressure sensors, thereby judging whether the diverter plate is in the same direction as the end of the water discharge flow. When the judgment is different, the water collection cover angle is automatically adjusted by adjusting the motor. ; 2. A ship system for efficiently generating electricity using discharge water energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of support plates (13) are arranged between adjacent auxiliary pontoons (12), and the plurality of support plates (13) are symmetrically arranged relative to the center of the main pontoon (11); the support plates (13) are connected to the main pontoon via a second telescopic rod (5), and the support plates (13) are connected to the auxiliary pontoons (12) via a third telescopic rod (6); a plurality of third hinge seats (131) are arranged on the support plates (13), and a third bolt (132) parallel to the support plates (13) is arranged on the third hinge seats (131); the two ends of the second telescopic rod (5) are fixedly connected to the third bolt (132) and the first bolt (112) respectively, and the two ends of the third telescopic rod (6) are connected to the third bolt (132) and the second bolt (122) respectively.

3. A ship system for efficiently generating electricity using discharge water energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water collecting cover (22) is formed into a conical structure, the distance between the bottom of the water collecting cover (22) and the main floating ship (11) is greater than the diameter of the water collecting port (221), and the top surface of the main floating ship (11) is formed into a conical surface.

4. A ship system for efficiently generating electricity using discharge water energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input end of the generator set (31) is connected to a fifth telescopic rod (8) via a first universal coupling (33), and the end of the fifth telescopic rod (8) is connected to the main shaft rod (217) via a second universal coupling (34).

5. A ship system for efficiently generating electricity using discharge water energy according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the auxiliary floating vessel (12) is connected to a hemispherical buoyancy cover (123), a counterweight block (124) is fixed at the center of gravity of the buoyancy cover (123), and the weight of the counterweight block (124) is greater than the weight of the power generation unit (3) located on the auxiliary floating vessel (12); the motor cover (32) is formed into a conical structure, and the bottom surface diameter of the motor cover (32) is smaller than the spherical diameter of the buoyancy cover (123).

6. A ship system for efficiently generating electricity using discharge water energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floating boat assembly (1) is also connected to a power assembly (14), wherein the power assembly (14) comprises an autonomous power device, an external traction device, or a combination of the two: The autonomous power device comprises a plurality of drive shafts (141) arranged on the floating boat assembly (1), the plurality of drive shafts (141) being located on the same plane and arranged perpendicularly to each other, and the number of the drive shafts (141) being at least two; a propeller (142) being connected to the end of the drive shaft (141), a motor (143) being transmission-connected to the other end of the drive shaft (141), and the motor (143) being electrically connected to the power generation unit (3) via a power storage device; The external traction equipment includes a tractor (144) fixedly installed on a barge, a dam body or a shore, and the tractor (144) is connected to the floating boat assembly through a steel cable; The power assembly (14) also includes a control center that is communicatively connected to the autonomous power device and the external traction device, and the control center includes a speed measuring device for measuring the water flow speed of the drain outlet.

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