A cyclone separator and a method for adjusting separation efficiency thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a cyclone separator and a method for adjusting separation efficiency thereof, comprising a separator cylinder and an inlet flue, wherein the separator cylinder and the inlet flue are connected, a sliding partition wall is arranged at the connection between the inlet flue and the separator cylinder, and a partition wall sealing layer is arranged between the sliding partition wall, the inlet flue and the separator cylinder; when the separator efficiency needs to be improved, the sliding partition wall moves toward the inside of the separator, the width of the separator inlet flue is reduced, the flue gas flow rate is increased, and the separator efficiency is improved; when it is necessary to adjust the separator efficiency according to the boiler operation project, the partition wall at the eagle's beak of the separator can be manually operated to slide forward or backward during boiler operation, and the separator efficiency can be repeatedly adjusted, thereby adjusting the boiler bed temperature, improving the boiler efficiency and reducing the original NOx emission, which is helpful to realize the fine adjustment of boiler operation; the "sub-wall" constituting the sliding partition wall is a factory-prefabricated shaped refractory material, and the separator is under negative pressure during operation, and can be directly replaced without stopping the boiler after wear, thereby reducing the cost of boiler inspection and maintenance, and being safe and reliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of circulating fluidized bed boilers, and in particular relates to a cyclone separator and a method for adjusting separation efficiency thereof. Background Art

[0002] The cyclone separator is one of the main equipment of the circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler. The separation efficiency directly affects the operation of the boiler. The higher the separator efficiency, the greater the amount of ash circulating in the furnace. The boiler can establish a good thermal cycle to prevent the bed temperature from being too high, reduce the original NOx emission, and ensure the safe, efficient and long-term operation of the boiler. However, the separator efficiency is not the higher the better. When the separator efficiency is too high, the boiler bed temperature will be too low, which will seriously affect the boiler efficiency. There are many cases in China where the boiler needs to be temporarily discharged due to the high separator efficiency. The temporary discharge of hot ash at about 900°C causes a large amount of heat loss and safety hazards. In recent years, the efficiency of the separator has been improved by dismantling and reshaping the width of the separator inlet flue. The plastic reshaping of the flue relies more on engineering experience. Due to the complexity of coal quality, the complexity of boiler operating conditions and the cumulative error of calculation, there are many cases of failed transformation, which leads to the need to shut down the boiler to restore the original size of the separator flue, resulting in huge economic losses. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a cyclone separator and a method for adjusting its separation efficiency. By setting a sliding partition wall at the key position of the separator, the "eagle's beak", when it is necessary to change the separator efficiency due to the boiler operating conditions, the separator efficiency can be repeatedly changed without stopping the boiler, which can reduce the boiler maintenance cost and help to achieve fine adjustment of the boiler operation.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is a cyclone separator, including a separator cylinder and an inlet flue, the separator cylinder and the inlet flue are connected, a sliding partition wall is arranged at the connection between the inlet flue and the separator cylinder, and a partition wall sealing layer is arranged between the sliding partition wall, the inlet flue and the separator cylinder.

[0005] The sliding partition wall is located between the inner wall of the separator inlet flue and the separator cylinder at the eagle's beak, and the extended line of the sliding partition wall forms an acute angle with the outer partition wall of the separator inlet flue.

[0006] The fire-facing side of the sliding partition is curved.

[0007] A free space along the height direction is arranged between the top of the sliding partition wall and the separator, and a gap along the width direction is arranged between the sliding partition wall and the inner wall of the separator inlet flue.

[0008] Partition wall sealing layers are provided in the free spaces and gaps.

[0009] The sliding partition wall comprises a plurality of sub-walls, and the sub-walls are stacked in a height direction to form the sliding partition wall.

[0010] The sub-wall is prefabricated with refractory materials that can withstand temperatures above 1000°C.

[0011] The installation hole is opened at the lower end of the sub-wall, the depth of the installation hole exceeds 1 / 2 of the length of the shaped refractory material, and the center of the installation hole is located on the center line of the width direction of the sub-wall.

[0012] Based on the separation efficiency adjustment method of the cyclone separator described in the present invention, when the separator efficiency needs to be improved, the sliding partition wall moves toward the inside of the separator, the width of the separator inlet flue is reduced, the flue gas flow rate is increased, and the separator efficiency is improved; conversely, when the separator efficiency needs to be reduced, the sliding partition wall moves toward the outside of the separator, the cross-section of the separator inlet flue is increased, the flue gas flow rate is reduced, and the separator efficiency is reduced.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: the present invention arranges a sliding partition wall at the connection between the inlet flue and the separator cylinder. According to the boiler operation engineering, when it is necessary to adjust the separator efficiency, the sliding partition wall at the "eagle's beak" of the separator can be manually operated to move inward or outward during boiler operation, and the separator efficiency can be repeatedly adjusted, thereby adjusting the boiler bed temperature, improving the boiler efficiency and reducing the original NOx emissions, which is helpful to achieve fine adjustment of boiler operation; and the separator is under negative pressure during operation, and can be directly replaced without stopping the boiler after wear, thereby reducing the cost of boiler inspection and maintenance, and being safe and reliable.

[0014] Furthermore, the sliding partition wall is located between the inner wall of the separator inlet flue and the separator cylinder at the eagle's beak, and the extended line of the partition wall forms an acute angle with the outer partition wall of the separator inlet flue, which can ensure that the flue gas does not flow back.

[0015] Furthermore, the free space along the height direction between the top of the sliding partition wall and the separator allows the partition wall to expand freely in the longitudinal direction when the partition wall is heated; on the other hand, when the partition wall is moved or a piece of shaped refractory material is replaced, the partition wall can be lifted as a whole or in part to facilitate operation; similarly, a gap along the width direction is provided between the sliding partition wall and the inner wall of the separator inlet flue, which allows the partition wall to expand freely in the transverse direction when heated; on the other hand, when the partition wall is moved or a piece of shaped refractory material is replaced, friction can be reduced; and a partition wall sealing layer is provided in the free space and the gap to prevent smoke leakage and facilitate flue insulation.

[0016] Furthermore, the sub-wall is prefabricated with refractory materials that can withstand temperatures above 1000°C, can remain stable in a high-temperature flue gas environment for a long time, and is easy to install.

[0017] Furthermore, mounting holes are provided on the sub-walls for easy use when moving partition walls or replacing damaged sub-walls.

[0018] Furthermore, the installation hole is opened at the lower end of the sub-wall, and the depth of the installation hole exceeds 1 / 2 of the length of the shaped refractory material, which is beneficial to improving the force-bearing capacity of the sub-wall.

[0019] Furthermore, the fire-facing side of the sliding partition wall is arc-shaped to avoid smoke scouring and erosion, and reduce the scouring and wear of the sub-wall by smoke.

[0020] By adopting the method of the present invention, the separator efficiency can be changed by changing the flow area of ​​the flue gas entering the separator cylinder through the sliding partition wall without stopping the boiler. The operation is simple and effective, and the method can be adjusted repeatedly. Fine adjustment can be achieved during boiler operation, which helps to reduce the cost of boiler inspection and maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific implementation modes of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the description of the specific implementation modes will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation modes of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 An overall schematic diagram of an implementable cyclone separator.

[0023] Figure 2a A schematic diagram of a feasible cross-section of a cyclone separator before and after adjustment of a sliding partition wall.

[0024] Figure 2b A schematic diagram of a feasible cross-section of a cyclone separator before and after adjustment of a sliding partition wall.

[0025] Figure 3a This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal section where the sliding partition wall is set.

[0026] Figure 3b This is a schematic diagram of the transverse section where the sliding partition wall is set.

[0027] Figure 4a This is a schematic diagram of the main section view of the sub-wall.

[0028] Figure 4b This is a right side view of the sub-wall.

[0029] Figure 4c This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the sub-wall when viewed from above.

[0030] In the attached drawings, 1-separator cylinder; 2-sliding partition wall; 3-inlet flue; 4-mounting hole; 5-sub-wall; 6-free space; 7-gap; 8-inner wall of inlet flue; 9-outer wall of inlet flue; 10-partition wall sealing layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] A cyclone separator comprises a separator cylinder 1 and an inlet flue 3, wherein the separator cylinder 1 and the inlet flue 3 are connected, a sliding partition wall 2 is provided at the connection between the inlet flue 3 and the separator cylinder 1, and a partition wall sealing layer 10 is provided between the sliding partition wall 2, the inlet flue 3 and the separator cylinder 1.

[0033] refer to Figure 2a and Figure 2b The sliding partition wall 2 is located between the inner wall 8 of the separator inlet flue and the separator cylinder 1 at the eagle's beak, and the extended line of the sliding partition wall 2 forms an acute angle with the outer partition wall 9 of the separator inlet flue; preferably, the fire-facing side of the sliding partition wall 2 is arc-shaped.

[0034] A free space 6 along the height direction is provided between the top of the sliding partition wall 2 and the separator, and a gap 7 along the width direction is provided between the sliding partition wall 2 and the inner wall of the separator inlet flue 3; a partition wall sealing layer 10 is arranged in the free space 6 and the gap 7.

[0035] The sliding partition wall 2 includes a plurality of sub-walls 5 , which are stacked in a height direction to form the sliding partition wall 2 .

[0036] like Figure 1 , Figure 2a , Figure 2b As shown in FIG3 , a cyclone separator with thermally adjustable separation efficiency comprises an inlet flue 3, a separator cylinder 1, a sliding partition wall 2 and a sliding partition wall sealing layer 10. The sliding partition wall 2 is located between the inner wall 8 of the separator inlet flue and the separator cylinder 1 at the eagle's beak, and the extended line of the sliding partition wall 2 forms an acute angle with the outer partition wall 9 of the separator inlet flue. The "eagle's beak" refers to the junction of the inner wall 8 of the separator inlet flue and the separator cylinder 1; the fire-facing side of the sliding partition wall 2 is arc-shaped.

[0037] like Figure 1 and Figure 3aAs shown, the sliding partition wall 2 includes a plurality of sub-walls 5, which are built of shaped refractory materials. Each sub-wall 5 can slide relative to each other. The sliding partition wall 2 relies on its own gravity and the friction force of contact with the inlet flue 3 and the separator cylinder 1 to maintain stability.

[0038] The sub-wall 5 is prefabricated into a rectangular parallelepiped using refractory materials that can withstand high temperatures above 1000° C.; a mounting hole 4 is provided on the sub-wall 5 for use when the sub-wall is moved or replaced.

[0039] refer to Figure 3a and Figure 3b A free space 6 with a height of 100 mm is provided between the top of the sliding partition wall 2 and the separator. On the one hand, when the partition wall is heated, the partition wall can be freely expanded longitudinally; on the other hand, when the partition wall is moved or a certain piece of shaped refractory material is replaced, the partition wall can be lifted as a whole or in part for easy operation; a gap 7 of 10 mm is provided between the sliding partition wall 2 and the inner wall of the separator inlet flue 3. On the one hand, when the partition wall is heated, the partition wall can be freely expanded laterally; on the other hand, when the partition wall is moved or a certain piece of shaped refractory material is replaced, the friction can be reduced.

[0040] like Figure 3a and Figure 3b As shown, a partition wall sealing layer 10 is provided in the sealed free space 6 and the gap 7, and the partition wall sealing is formed by an aluminum silicate fiber blanket and a metal plate 11 for protecting the aluminum silicate fiber blanket.

[0041] like Figure 4a , Figure 4b and 4c As shown, the mounting hole 4 is opened at the lower end of the sub-wall 5, the depth of the mounting hole 4 exceeds 1 / 2 of the length of the shaped refractory material, and the center of the mounting hole 4 is located on the midline of the sub-wall 5 in the width direction.

[0042] A method of adjusting the separation efficiency, such as Figure 2a and Figure 2b As shown, the maximum width of the inlet flue 3 is A. When the separator efficiency needs to be improved, the sliding partition wall 2 moves toward the inside of the separator, and the width of the separator inlet flue 3 is reduced to B, the flue gas flow rate increases, and the separator efficiency is improved. At the same time, the angle between the sliding partition wall 2 and the flue gas flow direction ensures that the flue gas does not flow back. Conversely, when the separator efficiency needs to be reduced, the sliding partition wall moves toward the outside of the separator, increasing the cross-section of the separator inlet flue, reducing the flue gas flow rate, and reducing the separator efficiency.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are only specific implementations of the present invention, which are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above-described embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that any technician familiar with the technical field can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above-described embodiments within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, or can easily think of changes, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications, changes or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A cyclone separator, characterized in that: The invention comprises a separator cylinder (1) and an inlet flue (3), wherein the separator cylinder (1) and the inlet flue (3) are connected, a sliding partition wall (2) is arranged at the connection between the inlet flue (3) and the separator cylinder (1), and a partition wall sealing layer (10) is arranged between the sliding partition wall (2), the inlet flue (3) and the separator cylinder (1); a free space (6) is arranged along the height direction between the top of the sliding partition wall (2) and the separator, and a gap (7) is arranged along the width direction between the sliding partition wall (2) and the inner wall of the separator inlet flue (3); the sliding partition wall (2) comprises a plurality of sub-walls (5), and the sub-walls (5) are stacked along the height direction to form the sliding partition wall (2); a mounting hole (4) is opened at the lower end of the sub-wall (5), the depth of the mounting hole (4) exceeds 1 / 2 of the length of the shaped refractory material, and the center of the mounting hole (4) is located on the midline of the sub-wall (5) in the width direction.

2. The cyclone separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding partition wall (2) is located between the inner wall (8) of the separator inlet flue and the separator cylinder (1) at the eagle's beak, and the extended line of the sliding partition wall (2) forms an acute angle with the outer partition wall (9) of the separator inlet flue.

3. The cyclone separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fire-facing side of the sliding partition wall (2) is arc-shaped.

4. The cyclone separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The partition wall sealing layer (10) is arranged in the free space (6) and the gap (7).

5. The cyclone separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sub-wall (5) is prefabricated with refractory materials that can withstand temperatures above 1000°C.

6. A method for adjusting the separation efficiency of the cyclone separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the efficiency of the separator needs to be improved, the sliding partition wall (2) moves toward the inside of the separator, the width of the separator inlet flue (3) is reduced, the flue gas flow rate is increased, and the separator efficiency is improved; conversely, when the efficiency of the separator needs to be reduced, the sliding partition wall moves toward the outside of the separator, the cross section of the separator inlet flue is increased, the flue gas flow rate is reduced, and the separator efficiency is reduced.

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