Nuclear energy band pressure feedback anti-nuclear leakage heat exchanger

Abstract

The application discloses a nuclear energy heat exchanger with pressure feedback for preventing nuclear leakage, and the heat exchanger body comprises a fixed clamping plate, at least one heat conduction plate and a movable clamping plate; the heat conduction plate is clamped between the fixed clamping plate and the movable clamping plate, and the heat conduction plate is provided with a cavity structure; at least one water inlet pipe and one water outlet pipe are arranged on the heat conduction plate, and an exchange cavity is formed between the heat conduction plate and the movable clamping plate; a pressure alarm is arranged on the upper collecting pipe; the pressure alarm is installed at the inlet position of the upper collecting pipe; the heat conduction plate is composed of a metal plate and a metal cover plate, and the two are combined together through welding; and the metal plate is provided with a cavity. The heat exchanger with pressure feedback for preventing nuclear leakage is provided with the pressure alarm, the pressure alarm monitors the pressure change of the lead-based cryogenic alloy material at all times, the pressure alarm starts an alarm action when a nuclear leakage danger occurs, the nuclear leakage risk is prompted, and timely treatment and repair can be carried out.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of nuclear reactor safety and heat exchange technology, and relates to a nuclear energy heat exchanger with pressure feedback to prevent nuclear leakage. Background Technology

[0002] A nuclear reactor, also known as an atomic reactor or simply a reactor, is a device capable of sustaining a controlled, self-sustaining chain reaction of nuclear fission to achieve nuclear energy utilization. Through the proper arrangement of nuclear fuel, a nuclear reactor can sustain a self-sustaining chain reaction of nuclear fission without the need for additional neutron sources. Strictly speaking, reactors encompass fission reactors, fusion reactors, and hybrid fission-fusion reactors. Nuclear energy is primarily used for power generation, but it also has wide applications in other areas, such as nuclear heating and nuclear power.

[0003] Nuclear energy, as a safe and clean energy source, is one of the more mature methods to replace primary energy sources. Extensive research has been conducted on using nuclear energy for district heating. Compared with traditional heat sources, it can reduce pollution emissions and ensure heating safety, effectively improving my country's energy structure and alleviating the increasingly severe energy supply shortage. It also has positive significance for environmental protection, public health, and easing the pressure on coal transportation. Nuclear heating facilities consist of a nuclear heat source and a heating network, with heat exchange between them via heat exchangers. However, after prolonged use, heat exchangers are prone to leakage due to corrosion, wear, and thermal stress, posing irreparable harm to people's safety and causing significant environmental damage. Therefore, to ensure safe nuclear use, the conventional practice is to add an intermediate secondary loop between the nuclear heat source loop and the heating network loop. This intermediate secondary loop acts as a transition, preventing radioactive materials from entering the urban heating network through the heating network. However, the presence of this intermediate secondary loop results in a larger footprint for nuclear heating systems and reduced heat exchange efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to design a new type of heat exchanger to improve the safety and heat exchange efficiency of nuclear energy applications and make up for the shortcomings of existing technologies.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, this invention is hereby proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a nuclear energy heat exchanger with pressure feedback to prevent nuclear leakage. It utilizes a heat-conducting plate with a cavity structure filled with lead-based low-temperature alloy material for heat exchange between the nuclear energy heat source and the heating network. When the heat-conducting plate leaks after prolonged use, a nuclear leakage alarm is triggered through pressure monitoring and transmission using the lead-based low-melting-point liquid alloy. The objectives are: 1. To avoid or reduce nuclear leakage entering the heating network during nuclear reactor heat exchange operations; 2. To improve the heat exchange efficiency of nuclear energy.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution:

[0007] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0008] A nuclear energy heat exchanger with pressure feedback to prevent nuclear leakage includes a heat exchanger body, the heat exchanger body including a fixed clamping plate, at least one heat-conducting plate, and a movable clamping plate; the heat-conducting plate is clamped between the fixed clamping plate and the movable clamping plate, and the heat-conducting plate has a cavity structure; the heat-conducting plate is provided with at least one water inlet pipe and one water outlet pipe, and an exchange cavity is formed between the heat-conducting plate and the movable clamping plate.

[0009] In one embodiment, an upper manifold and a lower manifold are provided, and the cavity structure is connected to the upper manifold and the lower manifold respectively.

[0010] Furthermore, the upper and lower parts of the heat-conducting plate are respectively provided with an upper inlet hole and a lower outlet hole, which are respectively connected to the cavity structure; the upper manifold is connected to the upper inlet hole; and the lower manifold is connected to the lower outlet hole.

[0011] Preferably, the upper manifold is provided with an inlet, and a pressure alarm is provided on the upper manifold; the pressure alarm is installed at the inlet position of the upper manifold.

[0012] Furthermore, an inlet / outlet connector is installed on the outer side of the fixing clamp, and the inlet / outlet connector is connected to the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, when more than one heat-conducting plate is spliced ​​together, the inlet or outlet pipes are joined together to form a flow cavity for water circulation, and gaskets are provided between adjacent inlet or outlet pipes.

[0014] Furthermore, an upper guide rod and a lower guide rod are provided. The upper and lower ends of the fixed clamping plate and the movable clamping plate are provided with through holes for installing the upper guide rod and the lower guide rod. The upper and lower ends of the heat-conducting plate are respectively provided with grooves for locking the upper guide rod and the lower guide rod. Fastening bolts are also provided. The outer sides of the fixed clamping plate and the movable clamping plate are respectively provided with slots for installing fastening bolts.

[0015] In one embodiment, the heat-conducting plate consists of two parts: a metal plate and a metal cover plate, which are joined together by welding; the metal plate has a cavity.

[0016] Furthermore, the side of the metal plate facing away from the cavity is processed into a corrugated shape; one side of the metal cover plate is processed into a corrugated shape, and small channels are provided on the edge of the metal plate.

[0017] Preferably, the cavity is provided with an array of support columns.

[0018] Beneficial effects

[0019] Compared with existing plate heat exchangers, the advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0020] 1. The pressure feedback-based nuclear leakage prevention heat exchanger of the present invention has a heat-conducting plate, which is provided with a cavity structure filled with lead-based cryogenic alloy material, which is always in a liquid state; the heat-conducting plate is provided with at least one water inlet pipe and one water outlet pipe, and the water in the water in the water in the water inlet pipe and the water in the water outlet pipe achieve heat exchange in the lead-based cryogenic alloy material in the cavity.

[0021] 2. The upper and lower manifolds are connected via upper inlet and lower outlet holes on the heat-conducting plate. A pressure alarm is installed at the inlet of the upper manifold to continuously monitor pressure changes in the lead-based cryogenic alloy material. When the heat-conducting plate is damaged for any reason, causing a nuclear leak hazard in the nuclear reaction system on both sides of the heat-conducting plate, firstly, the pressure of the lead-based cryogenic alloy material will change significantly and be transmitted to the pressure alarm. Upon receiving an abnormal pressure signal, the pressure alarm will activate, indicating a nuclear leak risk. The purpose is to detect the nuclear leak hazard as early as possible and to promptly handle and repair it. Secondly, the lead-based cryogenic alloy material has a neutron-absorbing effect in nuclear reactions, which can avoid or reduce the risk of nuclear leaks. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Other features, objects, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the nuclear energy-based pressure feedback anti-nuclear leakage heat exchanger of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the nuclear energy heat exchanger with pressure feedback for preventing nuclear leakage, as described in this invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the heat-conducting plate structure of the nuclear leakage prevention heat exchanger of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the metal cover plate structure of the nuclear leakage prevention heat exchanger of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the metal plate structure of the nuclear leakage prevention heat exchanger of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the metal plate of the nuclear leakage prevention heat exchanger of the present invention.

[0029] The following are the annotations in the attached diagrams of this nuclear energy heat exchanger with pressure feedback to prevent nuclear leakage. The product can be clearly understood through the attached diagrams and corresponding annotations.

[0030] 1-Inlet / outlet connector; 2-Fixing clamp; 22-Slot; 3-Heat-conducting plate; 31-Upper inlet hole; 32-Metal cover plate; 33-Metal plate; 34-Lower outlet hole; 36-Cavity; 37-Arrayed support column; 39-Water inlet pipe; 4-Upper guide rod; 40-Water outlet pipe; 5-Modible clamp; 6-Fastening bolt; 7-Lower guide rod; 8-Pressure alarm; 9-Upper manifold; 10-Lower manifold. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] Reference Figure 1-2 A nuclear energy heat exchanger with pressure feedback for preventing nuclear leakage includes a heat exchanger body, which includes a fixed clamping plate 2, at least one heat-conducting plate 3, and a movable clamping plate 5. The heat-conducting plate 3 is clamped between the fixed clamping plate 2 and the movable clamping plate 5. The heat-conducting plate 3 has a cavity structure for filling with lead-based low-temperature alloy material. The heat-conducting plate 3 has at least one water inlet pipe 39 and one water outlet pipe 40. An exchange cavity is formed between the heat-conducting plate 3 and the movable clamping plate 5. The water in the water inlet pipe 39 and the water in the water outlet pipe 40 are connected in the cavity.

[0034] Preferably, the nuclear leakage prevention heat exchanger is further provided with an upper manifold 9 and a lower manifold 10, and the cavity structure is connected to the upper manifold 9 and the lower manifold 10 respectively.

[0035] Specifically, the upper part of the heat-conducting plate 3 is provided with an upper inlet hole 31 and a lower outlet hole 34, respectively, and the upper inlet hole 31 and the lower outlet hole 34 are respectively connected to the cavity structure.

[0036] The upper manifold 9 is connected to the upper inlet hole 31; the lower manifold 10 is connected to the lower outlet hole 34; and is used to fill lead-based cryogenic alloy material.

[0037] Preferably, the lead-based cryogenic alloy material does not flow within the cavity structure.

[0038] The upper manifold 9 is provided with an inlet; the lower manifold 10 is provided with an outlet.

[0039] The upper manifold 9 is equipped with a pressure alarm 8; the pressure alarm 8 is installed at the inlet of the upper manifold 9 and is used to monitor the pressure change of the lead-based cryogenic alloy material when the heat conduction plate 3 is accidentally damaged, causing a nuclear leakage hazard.

[0040] When a nuclear leak occurs in the nuclear reaction system on both sides of the heat-conducting plate due to damage caused by various reasons, firstly, the pressure of the lead-based cryogenic alloy material will change significantly and be transmitted to the pressure alarm. When the pressure alarm receives an abnormal pressure signal, it will activate its alarm function to indicate the risk of nuclear leak, aiming to detect the nuclear leak hazard as soon as possible and handle and repair it promptly. Secondly, the lead-based cryogenic alloy material has the effect of absorbing neutrons in nuclear reactions, which can avoid or reduce the risk of nuclear leak.

[0041] The pressure alarm 8 is a purchased off-the-shelf product.

[0042] Preferably, cold water is introduced through the inlet pipe 39 and hot water is drawn out through the outlet pipe 40.

[0043] An inlet / outlet connector 1 is installed on the outer side of the fixed clamp 2. The inlet / outlet connector 1 is connected to the water inlet pipe 39 and the water outlet pipe 40. The inlet / outlet connector 1 can be conveniently connected to the water supply equipment.

[0044] When more than one heat-conducting plate 3 is spliced ​​together, the water inlet pipe 39 or the water outlet pipe 40 are spliced ​​together to form a flow cavity for water flow. Gaskets are provided between adjacent water inlet pipes 39 or water outlet pipes 40 to ensure that the flow cavity does not leak.

[0045] The fixed clamping plate 2 and the movable clamping plate 5 have through holes 21 at their upper and lower ends for installing the upper guide rod 4 and the lower guide rod 7. One end of the upper guide rod 4 and the lower guide rod 7 are fixed in the through holes at the top and bottom ends of the fixed clamping plate 2, and the other end extends out from the through hole 21 of the movable clamping plate 5. The upper guide rod 4 and the lower guide rod 7 are used to stabilize the fixed clamping plate 2, the movable clamping plate 5, and the heat-conducting plate 3, and to guide the fixed clamping plate 2, the movable clamping plate 5, and the heat-conducting plate 3 to be on the same straight line.

[0046] The upper and lower ends of the heat-conducting plate 3 are respectively provided with grooves 35 for locking the upper guide rod 4 and the lower guide rod 7, ensuring that all the heat-conducting plates 3 are on the same straight line and can simultaneously play the role of fastening the heat-conducting plates 3.

[0047] Furthermore, a fastening bolt 6 is provided, and the outer sides of the fixed clamping plate 2 and the movable clamping plate 5 are respectively provided with a slot 22 for installing the fastening bolt 6.

[0048] One end of the fastening bolt 6 is fixed to the outer groove 22 of the fixed clamping plate 2, and the other end of the fastening bolt 6 is connected to the groove 22 inside the movable clamping plate 5.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] Reference Figure 3-6 The heat-conducting plate 3 is composed of two parts: a metal plate 33 and a metal cover plate 32, which are joined together by welding.

[0051] The metal plate 33 has a cavity 36, which is part of the cavity structure of the heat-conducting plate 3.

[0052] The metal plate 33 has inlet and outlet holes on its upper and lower end faces, and the inlet and outlet holes are part of the upper inlet hole 31 and the lower outlet hole 34.

[0053] The side of the metal plate 33 facing away from the cavity 36 is processed into various corrugated shapes to increase its strength and heat conduction area. The edge of the metal plate 33 is provided with small channels for placing gaskets for sealing.

[0054] The cavity 36 is filled with lead-based cryogenic alloy material and is provided with an array of support columns 37.

[0055] The array-type support column 37 structure includes cylindrical or quadrilateral shapes.

[0056] The lead-based cryogenic alloy material is a cryogenic alloy material composed of multiple metal materials such as lead, indium, and tin. It is in a liquid state at low temperatures and has the function of absorbing neutrons in nuclear reactions.

[0057] The metal cover plate 32 is processed into various corrugated shapes on one side to increase its strength and heat conduction area, and its outer edge is processed with small channels for placing gaskets for sealing.

[0058] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the scope of the invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0059] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A nuclear energy heat exchanger with pressure feedback for preventing nuclear leakage, characterized in that: The device includes a heat exchanger body, which includes a fixed clamping plate (2), at least one heat-conducting plate (3), and a movable clamping plate (5). The heat-conducting plate (3) is sandwiched between the fixed clamping plate (2) and the movable clamping plate (5). The heat-conducting plate (3) has a cavity structure for filling with lead-based low-temperature alloy material. The heat-conducting plate (3) has at least one inlet pipe (39) and one outlet pipe (40). An exchange cavity is formed between the heat-conducting plate (3) and the movable clamping plate (5). The device also has an upper manifold (9) and a lower manifold (10), and the cavity structure is connected to the upper manifold (9) and the lower manifold (10) respectively. The upper manifold (9) is provided with an inlet, and a pressure alarm (8) is provided on the upper manifold (9); the pressure alarm (8) is installed at the inlet position of the upper manifold (9).

2. The nuclear leakage prevention heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat-conducting plate (3) is provided with an upper inlet hole (31) and a lower outlet hole (34) at its upper and lower parts, respectively. The upper inlet hole (31) and the lower outlet hole (34) are respectively connected to the cavity structure; the upper manifold (9) is connected to the upper inlet hole (31); and the lower manifold (10) is connected to the lower outlet hole (34).

3. The nuclear leakage prevention heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inlet / outlet connector (1) is installed on the outside of the fixed clamp (2), and the inlet / outlet connector (1) is connected to the inlet pipe (39) and the outlet pipe (40).

4. The nuclear leakage prevention heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: When more than one heat-conducting plate (3) is spliced ​​together, the water inlet pipe (39) or the water outlet pipe (40) are spliced ​​together to form a water flow cavity, and gaskets are provided between adjacent water inlet pipes (39) or water outlet pipes (40).

5. The nuclear leakage prevention heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: It is also provided with an upper guide rod (4) and a lower guide rod (7). The upper and lower ends of the fixed clamping plate (2) and the movable clamping plate (5) are provided with through holes (21) for installing the upper guide rod (4) and the lower guide rod (7). The upper and lower ends of the heat-conducting plate (3) are respectively provided with grooves (35) for locking the upper guide rod (4) and the lower guide rod (7). It is also provided with fastening bolts (6). The outer sides of the fixed clamping plate (2) and the movable clamping plate (5) are respectively provided with slots (22) for installing fastening bolts (6).

6. The nuclear leakage prevention heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat-conducting plate (3) consists of two parts: a metal plate (33) and a metal cover plate (32), which are joined together by welding; the metal plate (33) has a cavity (36).

7. The nuclear leakage prevention heat exchanger according to claim 6, characterized in that: The side of the metal plate (33) facing away from the cavity (36) is processed into a corrugated shape; one side of the metal cover plate (32) is processed into a corrugated shape, and the edge of the metal plate (33) is provided with small channels.

8. The nuclear leakage prevention heat exchanger according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cavity (36) is provided with an array of support columns (37).

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