A method and system for indocyanine green-loaded graphene-mediated optical coherence tomography

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method and system for indocyanine green-loaded graphene-mediated optical coherence tomography, comprising: a sample injected with and permeated by an indocyanine green-loaded graphene solution, an optical path system, a reference arm optical path system, a sample arm optical path system, an optical interference and grating system, and a linear array CCD camera for collecting optical signals; through the above components, the present invention realizes tomographic imaging, successfully suppresses the signals in the area injected with the indocyanine green-loaded graphene material solution, greatly improves the contrast of the collected images, effectively improves the contrast of the collected images, is simple and safe to operate, easy to implement, and effectively improves the OCT imaging contrast; the present invention can be used for optical coherence tomography.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of optical imaging technology, and particularly to a graphene-mediated optical coherence tomography method and system. Background Art

[0002] Optical coherence tomography (OCT) technology has the advantages of high axial resolution, fast imaging speed, and deep penetration depth. By acquiring interference signals at different depths of a sample and then processing them, two-dimensional image reconstruction of the sample can be achieved, and three-dimensional image reconstruction can be realized by combining with lateral scanning. In order to present deeper biological tissue structures, OCT systems generally use near-infrared light with strong penetrability as the light source.

[0003] OCT can provide real-time, non-destructive, and high-resolution three-dimensional tomographic images of biological tissues and has been applied in multiple medical fields. However, traditional OCT imaging still has some drawbacks. Taking cancerous epithelial cells as an example, at first they mimic healthy cells with a fixed morphology, and later they evolve to mimic loose connective tissue. Due to this ability to mimic healthy cells or tissue structures, their structures are basically similar to those of the surrounding normal tissues. Therefore, it is difficult to detect these diseased cells in OCT images.

[0004] Currently, there are mainly two categories of imaging methods on the market for improving the imaging contrast of OCT. One category is to apply image processing algorithms to process the images collected by the OCT system to improve the imaging contrast, and the other is to directly improve the contrast of the collected images using physical methods. Although traditional methods are simple, they all require image segmentation processing before use to select the target area. If these preprocessings are not performed, some background noises may be enhanced, ultimately resulting in a decrease in imaging quality. Although recent methods have improved the effect of enhancing image contrast compared to traditional methods and have stronger adaptability, there is still a problem that noise signals are enhanced. And algorithmic methods can only be used when there are large differences in image values between the target area and the non-target area. When the regional edges between the target area and the non-target area of the original data are not very different, it is difficult to accurately achieve the segmentation of the two signal areas and the effect of enhancing the target area image, ultimately causing image distortion. The images obtained by physical methods cannot completely increase the signal value of the target area or suppress the signal value of the non-target area, and the processing processes of some physical methods are time-consuming and cumbersome. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a graphene-mediated optical coherence tomography method and system to solve one or more technical problems existing in the prior art, and at least provide a beneficial choice or create conditions.

[0006] Technical solutions adopted to solve the above technical problems: A graphene-mediated optical coherence tomography method, including:

[0007] S100. Inject and infiltrate the graphene solution loaded with indocyanine green into the area to be scanned of the sample, and roughly place the area to be scanned of the processed sample under the scanning laser according to the laser position observed by the color camera.

[0008] S200. Check the working status of the OCT system, roughly place the area to be scanned of the processed sample at the scanning laser irradiation position according to the laser position observed by the color camera, start the system to perform real-time scanning and display of the sample, and finely adjust the position of the sample according to the real-time displayed scanning result so that the scanning laser of the OCT system accurately irradiates the area to be scanned.

[0009] S300. The main process for the OCT system to achieve tomographic imaging of the sample is as follows:

[0010] S301. In the optical path system, the low-coherence broadband light source generates near-infrared laser light that enters from the first port of the optical circulator and exits from the second port; the laser light exiting from the second port irradiates onto the 90% reflective lens and is reflected and transmitted through the 90% reflective lens.

[0011] S302. On the reference arm optical path, a beam of laser light transmitted by the 90% reflective lens vertically enters the center of the first convex lens and is focused onto the single-sided mirror, forming a reversible laser beam that returns along the original optical path to the 90% reflective lens.

[0012] S303. On the sample arm optical path, a beam of laser light reflected by the 90% reflective lens enters the two-dimensional galvanometer group composed of an octagonal lens and a mirror, and the two-dimensional galvanometer group changes the direction of the laser light so that it enters the second convex lens; the second convex lens focuses the laser light so that it passes through the 1% reflective lens and scans the sample placed on the platform; the laser light reflected by the sample forms a reversible laser beam that enters the 1% reflective lens and is reflected and transmitted through the 1% reflective lens; the laser light reflected by the 1% reflective lens enters the color camera, and the laser light transmitted by the 1% reflective lens enters the second convex lens, forming another reversible laser beam that returns along the original optical path to the 90% reflective lens.

[0013] S304. In the optical interference and grating system, the 90% reflective lens enables the interference of the two reversible laser beams reflected back, generating interference light that enters the diffraction grating; the diffraction grating disperses the interference light, and the third convex lens collimates the dispersed laser light into parallel light.

[0014] S305. In the system where the linear array CCD camera collects optical signals, the photosensitive element of the linear array CCD camera receives the laser light collimated into parallel light through the third convex lens.

[0015] The parameters of the two reversible laser beams reflected by the reference arm optical path and the sample arm optical path satisfy the following after interference on the 90% reflecting lens:

[0016]

[0017]

[0018] Where I is the laser intensity after interference; r1 and r2 are the reflection coefficients of the reference arm optical path and the sample arm optical path respectively; A is the laser amplitude; k is the wave vector; Δz is the optical path difference; n is the total number of different optical path differences from one to the total number of camera CCDs, that is, from one to the total number of camera CCDs; y is the number of different wavelengths of the interfering light; x is from 1 to y; i is the imaginary unit;

[0019] S400: Calculate and save the scanning results.

[0020] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, S100 is specifically: Inject 30 μL of 25 μg / ml indocyanine green-loaded graphene solution into the target area to be scanned of the sample, place it for one hour, and then place the area to be scanned of the sample within the laser scanning range.

[0021] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, S400 is specifically: Create a document, collect the trigger signal data of the line array CCD camera, add the trigger signal data of the line array CCD camera to the document, and at the same time process the trigger signal data of the line array CCD camera, subtract the background light, and add the data without background light to the queue, and reprocess the data with background light; Dequeue the data added to the queue and save it in the document; When the document has collected enough frames of data, end the collection, calculate the contrast of the collected data, save the data, and close the scanning system.

[0022] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, S303 further includes: The laser reflected by the 1% reflecting lens is incident on the color camera, and the optical power detector continuously detects and calculates the laser intensity incident on the color camera.

[0023] A graphene-mediated optical coherence tomography system includes: a sample injected with and infiltrated with indocyanine green-loaded graphene solution, an optical path system, a reference arm optical path system, a sample arm optical path system, an optical interference and grating system, and a line array CCD camera for collecting optical signals.

[0024] The optical path system includes a low-coherence broadband light source, an optical circulator, and a 90% reflecting lens. The low-coherence broadband light source is used to generate a near-infrared laser beam and sequentially pass through the optical circulator and the 90% reflecting lens; The 90% reflecting lens transmits and reflects the near-infrared laser beam to form two laser beams.

[0025] The reference arm optical path system includes a first convex lens and a single-sided mirror. A beam of laser transmitted by the 90% reflecting lens enters the first convex lens and the single-sided mirror vertically, and is reflected by the single-sided mirror to form a reversible laser beam that returns to the 90% reflecting lens along the original optical path.

[0026] The sample arm optical path system includes a two-dimensional galvanometer group, a second convex lens, a 1% reflecting lens, a color camera, a sample, and a sample loading stage; the sample is disposed on the sample loading stage; the two-dimensional galvanometer group includes an octagonal lens and a mirror; a beam of laser reflected by the 90% reflecting lens enters the octagonal lens and the mirror in sequence; the laser beam reflected by the mirror enters the second convex lens, the 1% reflecting lens, and the sample in sequence; the laser beam reflected by the sample forms another reversible laser beam that enters the 1% reflecting lens; the 1% reflecting lens reflects and transmits the reversible laser beam reflected by the sample. The reflected reversible laser beam enters the color camera, and the transmitted reversible laser beam forms another reversible laser beam that returns to the 90% reflecting lens along the original optical path through the second convex lens.

[0027] The 90% reflecting lens is also used to form interference light from the two reversible laser beams.

[0028] The optical interference and grating system includes a diffraction grating and a third convex lens.

[0029] The linear array CCD camera for collecting optical signals system includes a linear array CCD camera; the interference light passing through the 90% reflecting lens enters the diffraction grating, the third convex lens, and the linear array CCD camera in sequence.

[0030] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the sample arm optical path system further includes an optical power detector, and the optical power detector is used to detect and calculate the light intensity of the scanning laser beam entering the color camera in real time.

[0031] The beneficial effects of the present invention: Through the sample injected with and permeated with indocyanine green-loaded graphene solution, the optical path system, the reference arm optical path system, the sample arm optical path system, the optical interference and grating system, and the linear array CCD camera for collecting optical signals system, the present invention realizes tomographic imaging, successfully suppresses the signals in the area injected with the indocyanine green-loaded graphene material solution, greatly improves the contrast of the collected images, effectively improves the contrast of the collected images, is simple and safe to operate, easy to implement, and effectively improves the OCT imaging contrast.

[0032] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, become apparent in part from the following description, or be learned through the practice of the present invention. Description of the Drawings

[0033] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and be readily understood from the following description of embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, where:

[0034] Figure 1 is a structural diagram of an optical coherence tomography system for a graphene-mediated optical coherence tomography method and system provided by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 is a signal data diagram of a cross-section of a sample target area for a graphene-mediated optical coherence tomography method and system provided by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 is a signal diagram of a sample at the same interference depth for a graphene-mediated optical coherence tomography method and system provided by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 is a full-depth information diagram of a sample at two different positions for a graphene-mediated optical coherence tomography method and system provided by the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0038] Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the accompanying drawings are exemplary only for explaining the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that with respect to the orientation description, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., the orientation or positional relationship indicated is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, the meaning of several is one or more, the meaning of multiple is two or more, greater than, less than, exceeding, etc. are understood not to include the recited number, and above, below, within, etc. are understood to include the recited number. If there is a description of first and second, it is only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features or the sequence of the indicated technical features.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, words such as set, install, connect, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above words in the present invention in combination with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0042] A graphene-mediated optical coherence tomography method, comprising:

[0043] S100. Inject and infiltrate a graphene solution loaded with indocyanine green into the area to be scanned of the sample, and roughly place the area to be scanned of the processed sample under the scanning laser according to the laser position observed by the color camera;

[0044] Specifically, inject 30 μL of a 25 μg / mL graphene solution loaded with indocyanine green into the area to be scanned of the sample, let it stand for one hour, and then place the area to be scanned of the sample within the laser scanning range.

[0045] Modify indocyanine green onto the surface of graphene oxide through the interaction of π-π bonds between indocyanine green and graphene oxide. First, take 50 mL of 0.1 mg / mL graphene oxide and place it in a 100 mL round-bottom flask, then add an appropriate amount of indocyanine green, and stir overnight in the dark. The product is ultrafiltered with a 100 kDa ultrafiltration tube under dark conditions to wash away the indocyanine green that has not been effectively loaded.

[0046] Using the graphene solution loaded with indocyanine green can enhance the detection sensitivity and specificity of the OCT system for certain diseased cells. Graphene is an allotrope (form) of carbon, consisting of a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice, and has a strong absorption effect on laser energy in the near-infrared region. Since the light absorption of biological tissues in the near-infrared region is very weak, while graphene has extremely high opacity and absorption ability for near-infrared light. Therefore, this material can effectively improve the contrast of OCT images due to its unique near-infrared light absorption and photostability.

[0047] S200. Check the working state of the OCT system, roughly place the area to be scanned of the processed sample at the scanning laser irradiation position according to the laser position observed by the color camera, start the system to perform real-time scanning and display of the sample, and finely adjust the position of the sample according to the real-time displayed scanning result so that the scanning laser of the OCT system accurately irradiates the area to be scanned;

[0048] S300. The main process for the OCT system to achieve tomography imaging of the sample is as follows:

[0049] S301. In the optical path system, a low-coherence broadband light source generates near-infrared laser light that enters from the first port of the optical circulator and exits from the second port; the laser light exiting from the second port irradiates onto a 90% reflective lens and is reflected and transmitted through the 90% reflective lens;

[0050] S302. On the reference arm optical path, a beam of laser light transmitted through the 90% reflective lens vertically enters the center of the first convex lens and is focused onto the single-sided mirror, forming a reversible laser beam that returns along the original optical path to the 90% reflective lens;

[0051] Return the light beam with optical path reference information to the 90% reflective lens to provide an optical path reference value for the detection optical path system.

[0052] S303. On the sample arm optical path, a laser beam reflected by the 90% reflective lens enters a two-dimensional galvanometer group composed of an octagonal lens and a mirror. The two-dimensional galvanometer group changes the movement direction of the laser beam so that it enters the second convex lens. The second convex lens focuses the laser beam so that it passes through the 1% reflective lens and scans the sample placed on the platform. The laser beam reflected by the sample forms a reversible laser beam that enters the 1% reflective lens and is reflected and transmitted by the 1% reflective lens. The laser beam reflected by the 1% reflective lens enters the color camera, and the laser beam transmitted by the 1% reflective lens enters the second convex lens to form another reversible laser beam that returns to the 90% reflective lens along the original optical path.

[0053] The laser beam reflected by the sample forms another reversible laser beam that returns to the 90% reflective lens along the original optical path to provide an optical path sample value for the detection optical path system.

[0054] S304. In the optical interference and grating system, the 90% reflective lens causes the two reversible laser beams reflected back to interfere, generating interference light that enters the diffraction grating. The diffraction grating disperses the interference light, and the third convex lens collimates the dispersed laser beam into parallel light.

[0055] The two reflected reversible laser beams meet and interfere in the 90% reflective lens. The interference light enters the diffraction grating from another path and undergoes multiple-slit diffraction to disperse the interference light. Take the first-order diffraction fringes after dispersion, and use the third convex lens to collimate the dispersed laser beam into parallel light to ensure that all the energy can be absorbed by the acquisition element.

[0056] S305. In the linear array CCD camera light signal acquisition system, the photosensitive element of the linear array CCD camera receives the laser beam collimated into parallel light by the third convex lens.

[0057] The parameters of the two reversible laser beams reflected by the reference arm optical path and the sample arm optical path satisfy the following after interference on the 90% reflective lens:

[0058]

[0059]

[0060] Where I is the laser light intensity after interference; r1 and r2 are the reflection coefficients of the reference arm optical path and the sample arm optical path respectively; A is the laser amplitude; k is the wave vector; Δz is the optical path difference; n is the total number of different optical path differences from one to the total number of camera CCDs, that is, from one to the total number of camera CCDs; y is the number of different wavelengths of the interference light; x is from 1 to y; i is the imaginary unit.

[0061] S400. Calculate and save the scanning results.

[0062] Specifically, create a document, collect the trigger signal data of the line array CCD camera, add the trigger signal data of the line array CCD camera to the document, and at the same time process the trigger signal data of the line array CCD camera, subtract the background light, add the data without background light to the queue, and reprocess the data with background light; dequeue the data added to the queue and store it in the document; when the document has collected enough frames of data, end the collection, calculate the contrast of the collected data, save the data, and turn off the scanning system.

[0063] Please refer to Figure 1 , a graphene-mediated optical coherence tomography system, including: a sample injected with a graphene solution loaded with indocyanine green, an optical path system, a reference arm optical path system, a sample arm optical path system, an optical interference and grating system, and a line array CCD camera for collecting optical signals.

[0064] The optical path system includes a low-coherence broadband light source, an optical circulator, and a 90% reflective lens. The reference arm optical path system includes a first convex lens and a single-sided mirror. The sample arm optical path system includes a two-dimensional galvanometer group, a second convex lens, a 1% reflective lens, a color camera, an optical power detector, a sample, and a sample loading stage. The optical interference and grating system includes a diffraction grating and a third convex lens. The line array CCD camera for collecting optical signals includes a line array CCD camera; the two-dimensional galvanometer group includes an octagonal lens and a mirror.

[0065] Modify indocyanine green on the surface of graphene oxide through the π-π bond interaction between indocyanine green and graphene oxide. First, take 50 mL of 0.1 mg / mL graphene oxide and place it in a 100 mL round-bottom flask, then add an appropriate amount of indocyanine green and stir overnight in the dark. The product is ultrafiltered with a 100 kDa ultrafiltration tube under dark conditions to wash away the unloaded indocyanine green effectively.

[0066] Inject 30 μL of the 25 μg / mL graphene solution loaded with indocyanine green into the target area to be scanned of the sample, let it stand for one hour, and then place the area to be scanned of the sample within the laser scanning range.

[0067] Using a graphene solution loaded with indocyanine green can enhance the detection sensitivity and specificity of the OCT system for certain diseased cells. Graphene is an allotrope (form) of carbon, consisting of a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice, which has a strong absorption effect on laser energy in the near-infrared region. Since the light absorption of biological tissues in the near-infrared region is very weak, while graphene has extremely high opacity and the ability to absorb near-infrared light. Therefore, due to its unique near-infrared light absorption and light stability, and extremely low reflectivity to near-infrared light, the area treated with graphene loaded with indocyanine green will have a reduced reflected light intensity because the graphene loaded with indocyanine green absorbs a large amount of the scanning laser energy, thus achieving the effect of significantly reducing the signal intensity of the non-target area and effectively improving the contrast of the OCT image.

[0068] By acquiring the interference signals at different depths of the sample, the OCT system can achieve two-dimensional image reconstruction of the sample, and three-dimensional image reconstruction can be achieved with the cooperation of transverse scanning.

[0069] A low-coherence broadband light source is used to generate a near-infrared laser beam. In order to present deeper biological tissue structures, the OCT system generally uses near-infrared light with strong penetration as the light source.

[0070] A 90% reflective lens is used to reflect and transmit the near-infrared laser beam passing through the optical circulator. A beam of laser transmitted through the 90% reflective lens enters the first convex lens, and a beam of laser reflected by the 90% reflective lens enters the two-dimensional galvanometer group; it is also used to form interference light from the two reversible laser beams.

[0071] The optical circulator is used to prevent the laser from flowing back and damaging the light source.

[0072] The first convex lens is used to vertically receive a beam of laser transmitted through the 90% reflective lens and focus it on the single-sided mirror to match the system dispersion parameters.

[0073] The single-sided mirror is used to reflect the laser to form a reversible laser.

[0074] The two-dimensional galvanometer group is used to receive a beam of laser reflected by the 90% reflective lens and change the direction of the laser so that the laser enters the second convex lens.

[0075] The second convex lens receives the laser with the changed direction and focuses it into the 1% reflective lens.

[0076] The sample is placed on the sample loading stage. The sample receives the laser passing through the 1% reflective lens and reflects it to form a reversible laser that enters the 1% reflective lens.

[0077] The 1% reflective lens is used to reflect a part of the laser onto the color camera, and the remaining transmitted laser enters the second convex lens to form another beam of reversible laser that returns along the original optical path to the 90% reflective lens.

[0078] The color camera observes the sample position so that the sample can be placed more accurately under the scanning laser.

[0079] The optical power detector is used to detect and calculate the intensity of the scanning laser entering the color camera in real time.

[0080] The diffraction grating is used to receive the interference light that has passed through the 90% reflective lens and disperse the interference light. The diffraction grating is a type of grating. It modulates the amplitude or phase (or both) of the incident light periodically through a regular structure.

[0081] The third convex lens is used to collimate the dispersed laser into parallel light and make it enter the linear array CCD camera.

[0082] The linear array CCD camera is used to receive the laser that has been focused into parallel light by the third convex lens.

[0083] The signal data diagram of the sample target area is as Figures 2 to 4 shown, Figure 2 which is the signal data diagram of the cross-section of the sample target area. Because the graphene material loaded with indocyanine green has the characteristics of high infrared absorption rate and low reflectivity, a large amount of laser is absorbed in the sample area injected with the graphene material solution loaded with indocyanine green and fails to enter the interior of the sample tissue. Therefore, the signal intensity in the area where the graphene material solution loaded with indocyanine green penetrates in the collected image is lower than that in the non-penetrated area, which better suppresses the signal intensity in the penetrated area and greatly improves the contrast of the collected image.

[0084] Figure 3 It is the signal diagram at the same interference depth. It can be seen from the figure that a fault occurs in the signal at the junction of the penetrated area and the non-penetrated area, that is, the signal contrast between the penetrated area and the non-penetrated area is large.

[0085] Figure 4 It is the all-depth information diagram at two different positions. The dotted line is the signal in the non-penetrated area, and the solid line is the signal in the penetrated area. It can be seen from the figure that the signal in the non-penetrated area decays slowly with depth, and the signal in the penetrated area only has a high value on the sample surface and then decays in a fault-like manner and is lower than the signal in the non-penetrated area at the same distance from the surface. This shows that the graphene material solution loaded with indocyanine green greatly improves the contrast of OCT imaging.

[0086] The present invention realizes tomographic imaging through a sample injecting and permeating a graphene solution loaded with indocyanine green, an optical path system, a reference arm optical path system, a sample arm optical path system, an optical interference and grating system, and a line array CCD camera for collecting optical signals, successfully suppresses the signals in the area injected with the graphene material solution loaded with indocyanine green, greatly improves the contrast of the collected images, effectively improves the contrast of the collected images, is simple and safe to operate, easy to implement, and effectively improves the OCT imaging contrast.

[0087] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention within the scope of knowledge possessed by those of ordinary skill in the art.

Claims

1. A method for indocyanine green-loaded graphene-mediated optical coherence tomography, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S100. Inject and infiltrate the indocyanine green-loaded graphene solution into the area to be scanned of the sample, and roughly place the area to be scanned of the processed sample under the scanning laser according to the laser position observed by the color camera; S200. Check the working state of the OCT system, roughly place the area to be scanned of the processed sample at the scanning laser irradiation position according to the laser position observed by the color camera, start the system to perform real-time scanning and display of the sample, and finely adjust the position of the sample according to the real-time displayed scanning result so that the scanning laser of the OCT system accurately irradiates the area to be scanned; S300. The main process for the OCT system to realize tomographic imaging of the sample is as follows: S301. In the optical path system, the low-coherence broadband light source generates near-infrared laser light that enters from the first port of the optical circulator and exits from the second port; the laser light exiting from the second port irradiates onto a 90% reflective lens and is reflected and transmitted through the 90% reflective lens; S302. On the reference arm optical path, a beam of laser light transmitted by the 90% reflective lens vertically enters the center of the first convex lens and is focused onto the single-sided mirror, forming a beam of reversible laser light that returns along the original optical path to the 90% reflective lens; S303. On the sample arm optical path, a beam of laser light reflected by the 90% reflective lens enters the two-dimensional galvanometer group composed of an octagonal lens and a mirror, and the two-dimensional galvanometer group changes the direction of movement of the laser light so that it enters the second convex lens; the second convex lens focuses the laser light so that it passes through the 1% reflective lens and scans the sample placed on the platform; the laser light reflected by the sample forms a reversible laser light that enters the 1% reflective lens and is reflected and transmitted through the 1% reflective lens; the laser light reflected by the 1% reflective lens enters the color camera, and the laser light transmitted by the 1% reflective lens enters the second convex lens, forming another beam of reversible laser light that returns along the original optical path to the 90% reflective lens; S304. In the optical interference and grating system, the 90% reflective lens realizes the interference of the two reversible laser lights reflected back, generating interference light that enters the diffraction grating; the diffraction grating disperses the interference light, and the third convex lens collimates the dispersed laser light into parallel light; S305. In the linear array CCD camera light signal acquisition system, the photosensitive element of the linear array CCD camera receives the laser light collimated into parallel light through the third convex lens; The parameters of the two beams of reversible laser lights reflected by the reference arm optical path and the sample arm optical path satisfy the following after interference on the 90% reflective lens: where I is the laser light intensity after interference; r1 and r2 are the reflection coefficients of the reference arm optical path and the sample arm optical path respectively; A is the laser amplitude; k is the wave vector; Δz is the optical path difference; n is the total number from one to different optical path differences, that is, the total number from one to the camera CCD; y is the number of different wavelengths of the interference light; x is from 1 to y; i is the imaginary unit; S400. Calculate and save the scanning result; Step S100 specifically includes: Injecting 30 μL of a 25 μg / ml graphene solution loaded with indocyanine green into the target area to be scanned of the sample, leaving it for one hour, and then placing the area to be scanned of the sample within the laser scanning range; Step S400 specifically includes: Creating a document, collecting the trigger signal data of the line array CCD camera, and adding the trigger signal data of the line array CCD camera to the document; simultaneously processing the trigger signal data of the line array CCD camera to subtract the background light; adding the data without background light to a queue, and reprocessing the data with background light; dequeueing the data added to the queue and storing it in the document; when the document has collected enough frames of data, end the collection, calculate the contrast of the collected data, save the data, and turn off the scanning system; Step S303 further includes: The laser reflected by the 1% reflecting lens enters the color camera, and the optical power detector detects and calculates the scanning laser intensity in real time; The method is applied to a graphene-mediated optical coherence tomography system loaded with indocyanine green, and the system includes: A sample injected with a graphene solution loaded with indocyanine green; An optical path system, including a low-coherence broadband light source, an optical circulator, and a 90% reflecting lens. The low-coherence broadband light source is used to generate a near-infrared laser beam and sequentially pass through the optical circulator and the 90% reflecting lens; the 90% reflecting lens transmits and reflects the near-infrared laser beam to form two laser beams; A reference arm optical path system, including a first convex lens and a single-sided mirror. One laser beam transmitted by the 90% reflecting lens vertically enters the first convex lens and the single-sided mirror, and is reflected by the single-sided mirror to form a reversible laser beam that returns to the 90% reflecting lens along the original optical path; A sample arm optical path system, including a two-dimensional galvanometer group, a second convex lens, a 1% reflecting lens, a color camera, a sample, and a sample loading stage; the sample is disposed on the sample loading stage; the two-dimensional galvanometer group includes an octagonal lens and a mirror; one laser beam reflected by the 90% reflecting lens sequentially enters the octagonal lens and the mirror; the laser beam reflected by the mirror sequentially enters the second convex lens, the 1% reflecting lens, and the sample; the laser beam reflected by the sample forms another reversible laser beam that enters the 1% reflecting lens; the 1% reflecting lens reflects and transmits the reversible laser beam reflected by the sample. The reflected reversible laser beam enters the color camera, and the transmitted reversible laser beam forms another reversible laser beam that returns to the 90% reflecting lens along the original optical path through the second convex lens; The 90% reflecting lens is further used to form interference light from the two reversible laser beams; An optical interference and grating system, including a diffraction grating and a third convex lens; A line array CCD camera for collecting optical signal system, including a line array CCD camera; the interference light passing through the 90% reflecting lens sequentially enters the diffraction grating, the third convex lens, and the line array CCD camera.

2. According to the method for graphene-mediated optical coherence tomography loaded with indocyanine green as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The optical path system of the sample arm further includes an optical power detector, which is used to detect and calculate the laser light intensity incident on the color camera in real time.

Images