A casting box guide mechanism

Abstract

The present invention discloses a soft guiding mechanism for casting box closure, comprising an upper box body and a lower box body. A box cone rod is provided on the end surface of the upper box body facing the lower box body, and a through hole is penetrated in the middle of the box cone rod; a laser is placed in the through hole. A box cone socket is provided on the end surface of the lower box body corresponding to the box cone rod; a reflector is provided at the bottom of the box cone socket. The laser can be fixed on the box cone rod, or connected with a soft material. During use, positioning is performed by aligning the three positioning points, which can ensure that the upper and lower sand molds and sand cores of the box cone are accurately positioned during the entire closure process, solve the problem of inaccurate positioning of sand cores and sand molds during the closure process of large and medium-sized castings, and effectively avoid sand inclusions and size defects in castings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a method for accurately positioning a cast iron piece when it is manually assembled, and in particular to a guiding method for assembling a hub casting. Background Art

[0002] In the casting production process, for large and medium-sized castings similar to spheres, such as wind turbine hub castings, in order to simplify the casting production method, after determining the pouring direction, the maximum projection contour of the pouring direction is used as the parting surface, that is, half of the casting is located in the upper box and half of the casting is located in the lower box. When the boxes are combined, after the middle sand core is assembled, the upper box is finally dropped, and after being combined with the lower box, a closed cavity is formed to wait for molten iron to be poured to form the required casting. In this process, since the middle sand core is higher than the height of half the casting in the lower box, the upper box sand core is easily scratched or collided with the middle sand core during the falling process of the upper box, resulting in damage to the sand core or sand mold, and casting defects such as sand inclusion or misalignment are prone to occur. At the same time, the traditional box cone height is relatively low, generally within 200mm. Therefore, the methods generally adopted are increasing the sand core gap, increasing the draft angle or slowly closing the box, or using a closing guide rod. However, these methods have low reliability, especially the closing guide rod is a hard guide, which is easily deformed or damaged by external forces, resulting in inaccurate positioning and large dimensional defects. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention overcomes the problems in the prior art and provides a casting box closing guide mechanism, which uses a specially made box cone with a soft guide structure and uses the coincidence of three positioning points to perform positioning during box closing, thereby ensuring that the upper and lower sand molds and sand cores of the box cone are accurately positioned during the entire box closing process, thereby solving the problem of inaccurate positioning of sand cores and sand molds during the box closing process of large and medium-sized casting products, and effectively avoiding sand inclusions and size defects in the castings produced thereby.

[0004] A casting box-joining soft guide mechanism comprises a box cone upper box body and a box cone lower box body, wherein the box cone upper box body and the box cone lower box body are arranged at a relative interval, a box cone rod is arranged on the end surface of the box cone upper box body facing the box cone lower box body, a through hole is passed through the middle of the box cone rod, and a laser is arranged in the through hole. A box cone socket is arranged on the end surface of the box cone rod corresponding to the box cone rod of the box cone lower box body, and a reflector is arranged at the bottom of the box cone socket. The cross-sectional shape of the box cone rod matches the box cone socket, and a matching gap is provided, and the width of the box cone rod gradually decreases along the direction of the box cone socket.

[0005] The box cone rod can be a rotating structure, and the through hole can be circular. A laser is arranged above the through hole. The center of the laser coincides with the center of the box cone rod. The power line on the laser is led out of the box cone rod through a preset groove, buried to the box mouth surface during molding, and extended to the outside of the sand box during use. Correspondingly, there are two ways to connect the laser set on the box cone rod. One is to use a soft material connecting line to connect the laser above the through hole of the box cone rod, and make the laser beam emitted by the laser and the center of gravity of the laser in the same straight line. The connecting line of the soft material and the laser is in the same straight line with the center of gravity of the laser. Under the action of gravity, the laser beam projected by the laser suspended by the soft material is always in a vertical state. The through hole of the box cone rod is directly larger than the size of the laser, so that the laser can swing freely within an angle range of less than 10°. The corresponding box cone rod is a free-style laser projection box cone rod, and its corresponding guide structure is a free-style guide structure. The second connection method is that the laser is fixed on the box cone rod, and the projected laser beam coincides with the center of the box cone rod; the corresponding box cone rod is a fixed laser projection box cone rod, and its corresponding guide structure is a fixed guide structure.

[0006] The box cone nest is an inner hole structure that matches the box cone rod structure, and is provided with a matching gap, the depth of which is greater than the height of the box casting rod. A reflective plate with strong reflectivity is installed at the bottom of the box cone nest. The reflective plate can be any reflective material, and ensure that the reflective plate is perpendicular to the center line of the inner hole of the box cone nest.

[0007] When the casting box guide structure is positioned, one free guide mechanism and two fixed guide mechanisms are used.

[0008] The product structure design mold process is divided into upper and lower models. One free-type guide mechanism upper cone box body and two fixed-type guide mechanism upper cone boxes are set on the upper model; correspondingly, three lower cone boxes are set on the lower mold. The corresponding settings of the upper cone box body and the lower cone box body cooperate with each other to limit the horizontal degree of freedom when closing the box.

[0009] During molding, place the cone nest and cone rod at the corresponding positioning device, and lead the power cord of the laser on the cone rod to the outside of the sand box, and use flowing sand to complete the molding work; prepare to start the closing work of the upper box, turn on the power to turn on the laser, and emit a parallel beam, the thickness of which should not exceed 3mm; and level and hang the sand box; first use the laser projection in a free-style guide mechanism to adjust the corresponding cone lower box to position the lower box horizontally. Because the laser is under the action of gravity, the projected laser beam is always in a vertical state. When the emission beam of the laser beam coincides with the reflected beam, it means that the lower box is in a horizontal state. Because only when the lower box is in a horizontal state can the emission beam and the reflected beam coincide. According to this principle, verify that the lower box is in a horizontal state. When the two beams do not coincide, adjust the lower box according to the deviation standard so that the emission beam of the laser beam coincides with the reflected beam. Make them able to contact at the same time when they are in contact, so as to avoid the problem of uneven box opening size caused by excessive angles on the parting surfaces of the upper and lower boxes.

[0010] After completing the horizontal adjustment of the lower box, use two fixed guide mechanisms to adjust the horizontality and parallelism of the upper box. Since the laser beam projected by the laser in the fixed guide mechanism is always perpendicular to the upper box, when the emitted beam of the laser beam coincides with the reflected beam, it means that the upper box and the lower box are in a parallel state. When the upper and lower boxes are parallel at the same time, they can be closed so that they can touch each other at the same time, avoiding the problem of uneven box opening size caused by excessive angles on the parting surfaces of the upper and lower boxes.

[0011] After adjusting the horizontality and parallelism of the upper and lower boxes, adjust the horizontal position of the upper box so that the three laser beams can be projected on the center of the reflector, fix the position of the upper box, and slowly drop the upper box in the vertical direction to complete the closing of the upper box.

[0012] After pouring, the box cone and laser can be recycled.

[0013] The method of the present invention is simple and feasible, and successfully solves the problem of inaccurate positioning of castings caused by the core-pulling head structure of large and medium-sized castings, and avoids the defects of related sand inclusions and size problems; the free-style laser projection box cone rod can be used to align the upper box hoisted by the overhead crane with the lower box in the vertical direction, and the horizontal direction of the upper box is kept unchanged. The accurate closing requirement can be achieved by slowly falling in the height direction, and the operation is simple and easy; the fixed guiding mechanism can detect the parallelism between the upper and lower boxes, provide a reliable basis for the parallelism of the upper and lower boxes, and ensure the stability of the upper and lower boxes when they are in contact, so as to achieve uniform mud strips and seams at the box mouth and reduce the influence of uneven force; using this method, the positional relationship between the upper and lower sand boxes can be processed in advance, the operation process is simple, the safety is high, and the safety of personnel is effectively guaranteed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1: Schematic diagram of the casting closing guide mechanism;

[0015] Figure 2 : Schematic diagram of free-style guide mechanism;

[0016] Figure 3 : Schematic diagram of fixed type mechanism;

[0017] Figure 4 : Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of part Ⅰ.

[0018] Among them, 1-power cord; 2-upper box of the cone; 3-laser; 4-cone rod; 5-laser beam; 6-cone nest; 7-lower box of the cone; 8-reflector; 9-soft material; 40-free-style laser projection cone rod; 41-fixed laser projection cone rod DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. Please note that the embodiments described below are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0020] In this embodiment, a casting box closing guide mechanism is used to position the wheel hub, and the box closing guide mechanism includes a box cone upper box body 2 and a box cone lower box body 7. A box cone rod 4 is arranged on the end surface of the box cone upper box body 2 facing the box cone lower box body 7; and a box cone socket 6 matching the box cone rod is arranged on the end surface of the box cone lower box body 7 corresponding to the box cone upper box body 2.

[0021] Among them, the box cone rod 4 is a rotating structure with a circular through hole in the middle. A laser 3 is arranged above the through hole. The center of the laser 3 coincides with the center of the box cone rod 4. The power line 1 thereon is led out to the outside of the box cone rod 4 through a preset groove, buried to the box mouth surface during molding, and extended to the outside of the sand box when in use.

[0022] The box cone nest 6 is an inner hole structure that cooperates with the box cone rod 4 structure and is provided with a fitting gap. The depth of the box cone nest 6 is greater than the height of the box casting rod 4. A reflective plate 8 with strong reflectivity is installed at the bottom of the box cone nest 6, and ensure that the reflective plate 8 is perpendicular to the center line of the inner hole of the box cone nest 6.

[0023] Correspondingly, there are two ways to connect the box cone rod 4 and the laser 3: one is a free-style laser projection box cone rod 40, in which a soft material 9 is used to connect the laser 3 above the through hole, and the laser beam 5 emitted by the laser 3 and the center of gravity of the laser 3 are in the same straight line, and the connection point between the soft material 9 and the laser 3 is in the same straight line with the center of gravity of the laser 3. Under the action of gravity, the laser 3 suspended by the soft material 9, the projected laser beam 5 is always in a vertical state, the inner hole diameter of the box cone rod 4 is larger than the size of the laser 3, so that the laser can swing freely within an angle of 10°, and the guide mechanism formed is a free-style guide mechanism, such as Figure 1 The second type is a fixed laser projection box cone rod 41, the laser 3 is fixed on the fixed laser projection box cone rod 41, the projected laser beam 5 coincides with the center of the box cone rod 4, forming a fixed guide mechanism, such as Figure 2 .

[0024] The specific use process of the guide structure is as follows:

[0025] The mold process is designed according to the product structure, and is divided into upper and lower models. A box cone upper box body with a free-style guide mechanism and two box cone upper boxes with fixed guide mechanisms 11 are arranged on the upper model; and a box cone lower box body is arranged on the lower mold accordingly;

[0026] During molding, the box cone nest 6 and the box cone rod 4 are placed at the corresponding positioning device, and the power cord 1 is led outside the sand box, and the flowing sand completes the molding work;

[0027] Prepare to start the box assembly work, turn on the power of the box cone rod 4 to turn on the laser 3, emit a parallel light beam with a thickness not exceeding 3mm; and level the sand box and hang it steadily.

[0028] Use a free-style guide mechanism to adjust the horizontality of the lower box. Because the laser beam 5 projected by the laser 3 is always in a vertical state under the action of gravity, when the emission beam of the laser beam 5 coincides with the reflected beam, it means that the lower box is in a horizontal state. Because only when the lower box is in a horizontal state can the emission beam and the reflected beam coincide. According to this principle, it is verified that the lower box is in a horizontal state. When the two beams do not coincide, adjust the lower box according to the deviation standard so that the emission beam of the laser beam 5 coincides with the reflected beam. When they are in contact, they can be in surface contact at the same time to avoid the problem of uneven box opening size caused by excessive angles on the parting surfaces of the upper and lower boxes.

[0029] After the levelness of the lower box is adjusted, two fixed guide mechanisms are used to adjust the levelness and parallelism of the upper box. Since the laser beam 5 projected by the laser 3 is always perpendicular to the upper box, when the emission beam of the laser beam 5 coincides with the reflected beam, it means that the upper box and the lower box are in a parallel state. When the upper and lower boxes are parallel at the same time, they can be closed so that they can be in contact at the same time, avoiding the problem of uneven box opening size caused by excessive angles of the parting surfaces of the upper and lower boxes.

[0030] After adjusting the horizontality and parallelism of the upper and lower boxes, adjust the horizontal position of the upper box so that the three laser beams 5 can be basically projected on the center position of the reflector 8, fix the position of the upper box, and slowly drop the upper box in the vertical direction to complete the closing of the upper box.

Claims

1. A casting closing guide mechanism, characterized in that: It comprises an upper box body and a lower box body which are arranged at a relative interval; a box cone rod is arranged on the end face of the upper box body facing the lower box body; a through hole is passed through the middle of the box cone rod; a laser is placed in the through hole; a box cone nest is arranged on the end face of the lower box body corresponding to the box cone rod; a reflector is arranged at the bottom of the box cone nest; There are two connection methods for the laser arranged on the box cone rod. One is to connect the laser using a soft material connecting wire above the through hole of the box cone rod. Accordingly, the box cone rod is a free-style laser projection box cone rod, and its corresponding guide structure is a free-style guide structure. The second connection method is that the laser is fixed on the box cone rod. Accordingly, the box cone rod is a fixed laser projection box cone rod, and its corresponding guide structure is a fixed guide structure. When the casting box assembly guide structure is positioned, one of the free-style guide mechanisms and two of the fixed-style guide mechanisms are used.

2. The casting closing guide mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the box cone rod matches the box cone socket and is provided with a matching clearance.

3. The casting closing guide mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the box cone rod gradually decreases along the direction of the box cone socket.

4. The casting closing guide mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser in the cone rod of the free-style laser projection box has an active angle of less than 10 degrees along the through hole.

5. The casting closing guide mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the box cone rod is greater than the depth of the box cone socket.

6. The casting closing guide mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reflective plate is perpendicular to the center line of the inner hole of the box cone socket.

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