A bionic coupling anti-icing flexible coating with dolphin skin structure

Abstract

The present invention discloses a bionic coupling anti-icing flexible coating with a dolphin skin structure, which is fixed on the surface of the component to be anti-iced, and includes: a flexible substrate, the upper surface of the flexible substrate is distributed with a texture morphology, the texture morphology is filled with air or a phase-change energy-releasing material, and the phase-change energy-releasing material has both volume change characteristics before and after the phase change and phase-change energy-releasing characteristics; a photothermal conversion material layer, the photothermal conversion material layer is made of a material with a photothermal conversion function and is a flexible material layer, which covers the top of the flexible substrate. The present invention imitates the multi-layer structure of dolphin skin, uses the bionic coupling concept, and comprehensively uses the morphology, flexibility, light absorption and energy storage characteristics of the material to actively interfere with the adhesion stability of ice on the material surface, so that the ice adhesion interface produces uneven concentrated stress, and finally achieves the effect of significantly reducing the ice adhesion strength on the material surface, reducing the difficulty of ice cleaning, and recyclable utilization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention specifically belongs to the field of anti-icing technology and can be widely used in engineering fields such as automobiles, wind turbine blades, aviation, etc., and specifically relates to a bionic coupling anti-icing flexible coating with a dolphin skin-like structure. Background Art

[0002] In low temperature environments, water or water vapor in the environment will adhere to the surface of the material and freeze into ice, which is difficult to remove. Ice adhesion on the surface of the material will not only increase the load on the components and change the surface properties of the material, such as light transmittance and surface morphology, but will also cause serious economic losses to many engineering fields such as aviation, new energy, high-speed rail, and electricity, and even cause safety hazards. For example, ice covering the surface of aircraft blades will affect the aerodynamic parameters of the aircraft and reduce the safety factor of aircraft operation; ice covering the surface of fan blades will affect the dynamic balance requirements of the fan during rotation and increase the vibration amplitude of the tower; ice covering the surface of transmission cables will increase the load and easily cause cable breakage. Therefore, the research on component surface anti-icing technology has received the focus of attention of technical personnel in the engineering field.

[0003] At present, more than 30 anti-icing technologies have been formed in the engineering field, which can be roughly summarized into three categories of anti-icing methods: mechanical, chemical, and heating. However, the above anti-icing technologies have defects such as high energy consumption, high cost, and environmental pollution. In recent years, with the continuous development of materials science, many scholars have proposed to reduce the amount of ice adhesion on the surface of materials by improving the wettability of the surface of materials. However, in recent years, many scholars at home and abroad have found that hydrophobic anti-icing surfaces have poor anti-icing durability, poor mechanical stability, and are susceptible to environmental pollution. In addition, hydrophobic surfaces have application limitations such as high preparation cost and complexity.

[0004] Chinese invention patent CN201410456599.X disclosed an anti-icing coating on December 10, 2014, which disclosed that the anti-icing coating is formed by bonding a base layer (1), an intermediate solution bubble layer (2) and an outer skin surface layer (3), the intermediate solution bubble layer (2) is composed of an intermediate layer filling material (21), a low freezing point solution (22) and bubbles (23), a plurality of bubbles (23) are embedded in the intermediate layer filling material (21), the low freezing point solution (22) is filled in the bubbles (23), and the outer skin surface layer (3) is bonded to the intermediate layer filling material (21); the bubble is in the shape of a spherical bubble, a columnar bubble or a hemispherical bubble; the low freezing point solution is a chloride solution or a polyol mixed solution. This invention is based on the phase change expansion phenomenon caused by the phase change of liquid / solid. Through the difference in liquid solidification point (freezing point), the phase change expansion of the low freezing point solution in the blister is delayed, and the stress and strain generated by the phase change expansion of the low freezing point solution is used to prevent icing. However, this patent also reveals some shortcomings in practical application: 1. After this anti-icing film is used once, an external heat source is required to melt the low freezing point liquid in the blister. Otherwise, in a low temperature environment, this anti-icing film can no longer play an anti-icing role for the parts after freezing, that is, it can only be used once and cannot be repeatedly or recycled; 2. The range of materials available for filling in the blister is very narrow.

[0005] Therefore, how to provide a new anti-icing flexible coating to address the disadvantages of conventional mechanical, chemical, heating and other anti-icing technologies, hydrophobic anti-icing coatings, and existing anti-icing films is a difficult problem that technicians in this field currently need to overcome. Summary of the invention

[0006] To this end, the present invention uses the multi-layer structure characteristics of dolphin skin, applies the bionic coupling concept, combines the morphology, material flexibility, material light absorption characteristics and phase change energy storage materials, and designs a new type of bionic coupling anti-icing flexible coating with a dolphin skin structure. The purpose is to provide an active anti-icing technical principle and method for the engineering field in view of the disadvantages of conventional deicing technologies such as mechanical, chemical, and hot melting, as well as hydrophobic anti-icing coatings and existing anti-icing coatings. The specific technical scheme is as follows:

[0007] A bionic coupling anti-icing flexible coating with a dolphin skin structure, fixed on the surface of a component to be anti-iced, comprises:

[0008] A flexible substrate, wherein a textured morphology is distributed on the upper surface of the flexible substrate, wherein the textured morphology is filled with air or a phase-change energy-releasing material, wherein the phase-change energy-releasing material has both a volume change characteristic before and after the phase change and a phase-change energy-releasing characteristic;

[0009] The light-to-heat conversion material layer is made of a material having a light-to-heat conversion function and is a flexible material layer, which covers the flexible substrate.

[0010] The present invention provides a bionic coupling anti-icing flexible coating with a dolphin skin structure. By enhancing the light absorption performance of the material on the coating surface and using the photothermal conversion material, the anti-icing coating can have an anti-icing function all day long. The specific principle is: when sunlight irradiates the photothermal conversion material layer on the surface of the flexible coating during the day, the surface temperature of the material will be increased, and the time of ice formation on the surface will be delayed. At the same time, the phase change energy-releasing material filled in the texture morphology of the flexible substrate surface continues to absorb heat; at night, the ambient temperature decreases, and the phase change energy-releasing material filled in the texture morphology of the flexible substrate surface starts to work, releasing energy and changing volume at the same time, interfering with and destroying the adhesion stability of the surface ice, which helps the ice to peel off and fall off by itself, achieving the purpose of anti-icing; and the photothermal conversion material layer on the surface of the flexible coating during the next day, while the surface temperature increases, the phase change energy-releasing material will reabsorb heat and restore the form before the phase change. Such changes realize the repeated and recyclable use of the bionic coupling anti-icing flexible coating with a dolphin skin structure of the present invention.

[0011] On the basis of the above technical solution, the present invention can also make the following improvements:

[0012] Preferably, the flexible substrate is a flexible material with a thickness of less than 3 mm and a thermal conductivity of less than 5 W / (m·° C.), such as silicone, plastic polyurethane elastomer rubber, high-density polyethylene, etc.

[0013] The thickness of the above-mentioned flexible substrate is an optimal value taken according to the accuracy of the existing preparation process; if the thickness of the flexible substrate is too large, it will affect the use effect of the coating. If it is scraped or shoveled by external force, the coating will be like a step suddenly appearing on the plane, affecting the service life of the film and may affect the surface morphology of the component.

[0014] The flexible substrate material has a low thermal conductivity, which can delay the formation of surface ice and further prevent the formation of surface ice.

[0015] Preferably, the surface texture of the flexible substrate is of circular pits or striped grooves.

[0016] The design of the surface texture morphology type of circular pits or striped grooves is based on the laboratory's long-term research results on the surface morphology of debonding organisms. Generally, the non-smooth surface morphology can be summarized as convex hulls, pits and grooves. Actual experiments have shown that convex hulls are not suitable, so they are removed.

[0017] Preferably, the distribution form of the texture morphology on the surface of the flexible substrate is in the form of diamond distribution, rectangular distribution, arithmetic distribution or random distribution.

[0018] Preferably, the distribution area of ​​the surface texture of the flexible substrate accounts for 25-50% of the surface area of ​​the flexible substrate, the depth dimension is 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the thickness of the flexible substrate, the width or diameter is 0.5-1.5 times the depth dimension, and the distribution spacing is 1-3 times the depth dimension.

[0019] If the distribution area of ​​the surface texture of the flexible substrate is too large and the spacing is too small, the flexible coating is easily damaged during folding application; if the depth dimension is too large, the heat and volume expansion generated by the phase change energy-releasing material will easily act on the bottom surface of the pit; if the distribution spacing is too large, the heat and volume expansion generated by the phase change energy-releasing material will have little effect on the adhesion stability of the material surface.

[0020] Preferably, the freezing point of the phase-change energy-releasing material is higher than the average temperature of its use environment and lower than or equal to the freezing point of water.

[0021] For example, in a -20°C environment, since the freezing point of the phase change energy releasing material is lower than or equal to the freezing point of water, water freezes on the material surface earlier than the phase change energy releasing material, so a stable adhesion interface is formed first between the water and the material surface. When the phase change energy releasing material freezes, the heat released and the volume expansion generated can reduce the adhesion strength of the ice on the material surface.

[0022] Preferably, the phase-change energy-releasing material with the same phase-change point can be filled in the surface texture of the flexible substrate, or the phase-change energy-releasing material with different phase-change points can be filled in different positions. The phase-change energy-releasing material can be selected from metal salt hydrates, alcohol aqueous solutions, and the like.

[0023] Beneficial effect: The present invention utilizes phase-change energy-releasing materials with different phase-change points filled in different positions within the texture morphology, just like the targeted blasting in a mine, which affects the adhesion stability of surface ice at different positions and times, can expand the impact on the surface ice, and make the ice adhesion strength smaller.

[0024] Preferably, the flexible substrate and the photothermal conversion material layer are bonded or secondary manufactured, such as multiple 3D printing, to form a bionic coupling anti-icing flexible coating with a dolphin skin structure.

[0025] Preferably, the bionic coupled anti-icing flexible coating with a dolphin skin-like structure is fixed to the surface of the component to be anti-iced by gluing, bolting or clamping, so that the component to be anti-iced has all-weather active anti-icing performance in the presence or absence of sunlight.

[0026] Preferably, the upper surface of the photothermal conversion material layer is also sprayed with a light-absorbing functional coating, such as copper oxide, black nickel, black chromium, black zinc, black copper and other sunlight selective absorption coatings, to further enhance the light absorption of the anti-icing flexible coating and improve the photothermal conversion rate.

[0027] The bionic coupled anti-icing flexible coating with a dolphin skin-like structure of the present invention utilizes the light absorption characteristics of the photothermal conversion material layer to enhance its surface temperature, delays the formation time of surface ice, and comprehensively utilizes the phase change energy release and volume change characteristics of the phase change energy release material to actively destroy the stability of ice on the material surface, causing freezing defects in the ice and reducing the adhesion strength of ice on the material surface.

[0028] The present invention imitates the multi-layer structure of dolphin skin, applies the concept of bionic coupling, and comprehensively utilizes the morphology, flexibility, light absorption and energy storage characteristics of the material to actively interfere with the adhesion stability of ice on the material surface, causing uneven concentrated stress to be generated on the ice adhesion interface, and ultimately achieving the effect of significantly reducing the ice adhesion strength on the material surface, reducing the difficulty of ice cleaning, and achieving recycling.

[0029] The bionic coupling anti-icing flexible coating with a dolphin skin structure disclosed in the present invention can be widely pasted and fixed on the surfaces of engineering components such as vehicle chassis, aircraft, and ships, so as to achieve active anti-icing effect of the components without energy consumption, low cost and pollution to the environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0031] Figure 1 The accompanying drawing is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of one embodiment of a bionic coupling anti-icing flexible covering film with a dolphin skin-like structure according to the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 The accompanying drawing is a schematic diagram of the texture morphology of the flexible substrate surface of the present invention with circular pits distributed in a rectangular shape.

[0033] Figure 3 The accompanying drawing is a schematic diagram of the texture morphology of the flexible substrate surface of the present invention having strip-shaped grooves distributed in a rectangular shape.

[0034] Figure 4 The accompanying drawing is a schematic diagram of the texture morphology of circular pits distributed in a diamond shape on the surface of the flexible substrate of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 5 The accompanying drawing is a schematic diagram of the texture morphology of the flexible substrate surface of the present invention with circular pits distributed at equal intervals.

[0036] Figure 6The accompanying drawing is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of another embodiment of a bionic coupling anti-icing flexible covering film with a dolphin skin-like structure according to the present invention.

[0037] Figure 7 The accompanying drawing is a schematic diagram of a phase change energy-releasing material having the same phase change point filled in the surface texture morphology of a flexible substrate of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 8 The accompanying drawing is a schematic diagram of a phase change energy-releasing material with different phase change points filled in the surface texture morphology of a flexible substrate of the present invention.

[0039] Among them, in the figure,

[0040] 1-flexible substrate, 11-texture morphology; 2-phase change energy-releasing material; 3-photothermal conversion material layer; 4-light-absorbing functional coating. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0043] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0044] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0045] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0046] Example:

[0047] According to the following Figure 1-8 A bionic coupling anti-icing flexible covering film with a dolphin skin-like structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a bionic coupled anti-icing flexible coating with a dolphin skin-like structure, which can be prepared by multiple 3D printing processes and is fixed to the surface of the component to be anti-iced, including: a flexible substrate 1, the upper surface of the flexible substrate 1 is distributed with a texture morphology 11, the texture morphology 11 is filled with air or a phase-change energy-releasing substance 2, the phase-change energy-releasing substance 2 has both the volume change characteristics before and after the phase change and the phase-change energy-releasing characteristics, such as metal salt hydrates, alcohol aqueous solutions, etc.; and also includes: a photothermal conversion material layer 3, the photothermal conversion material layer 3 is made of a material with photothermal conversion function and is a flexible material layer, such as a black flexible material, which is pasted and covered on the top of the flexible substrate 1.

[0049] The reason why the above-mentioned texture morphology 11 can be filled with air in addition to the phase-change energy-releasing material 2 is that: in a low-temperature environment, the air shrinks when it is cooled, which will also cause the deformation of the flexible material on the top, reversely create a non-smooth shape, interfere with the adhesion stability of the surface ice, and achieve the purpose of anti-icing; at the same time, the thermal conductivity of air is lower than that of liquid. After the surface ice is formed, a stable adhesion interface is formed between the material. The air that shrinks when it is cooled causes the interface to deform, causing freezing defects on the surface ice and reducing the ice adhesion strength.

[0050] In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the flexible substrate 1 in this embodiment is generally made of a flexible material with a thickness of less than 3 mm and a thermal conductivity of less than 5 W / (m·°C), such as silicone, plastic polyurethane elastomer rubber, high-density polyethylene, etc.

[0051] In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the type of the surface texture morphology 11 of the flexible substrate 1 is circular pits or striped grooves, and the distribution form is diamond distribution, rectangular distribution, arithmetic distribution or random distribution. Among them, the type and distribution form can be arbitrarily combined according to actual conditions, for example: Figure 2 The flexible substrate 1 shown has circular pits on its surface and a texture morphology 11 distributed in a rectangular shape; Figure 3 The surface of the flexible substrate 1 shown in the figure has strip-shaped grooves and a rectangular distribution texture 11; Figure 4 The surface of the flexible substrate 1 shown in the figure has circular pits and a rhombus-shaped texture morphology 11; Figure 5 The surface of the flexible substrate 1 shown has circular pits and a texture morphology 11 with equidistant spacing, etc. They will not be listed here one by one.

[0052] In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the distribution area of ​​the surface texture morphology 11 of the flexible substrate 1 accounts for 25-50% of the surface area of ​​the flexible substrate 1, the depth dimension is 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the thickness of the flexible substrate 1, the width or diameter is 0.5-1.5 times the depth dimension, and the distribution spacing is 1-3 times the depth dimension.

[0053] In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the freezing point of the phase-change energy-releasing material 2 must be higher than the average temperature of its use environment and lower than or equal to the freezing point of water. For example, when the average temperature of the working environment of the anti-icing component is -25°C, a phase-change energy-releasing material 2 (such as H2O+19.54KCl material) with a phase-change temperature point of -10.7°C can be selected and filled into the texture morphology 11 on the surface of the flexible substrate 1.

[0054] Furthermore, the flexible substrate 1 and the photothermal conversion material layer 3 are formed into a bionic coupling anti-icing flexible coating having a dolphin skin-like structure by pasting or secondary manufacturing, such as multiple 3D printing.

[0055] Furthermore, the bionic coupled anti-icing flexible coating with a dolphin skin-like structure is fixed to the surface of the component to be anti-iced by gluing, bolting or clamping, and enables the component to be anti-iced to have all-weather active anti-icing performance in the presence or absence of sunlight.

[0056] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: since the surface of the anti-icing flexible coating pasted on the surface of the anti-icing component has light-absorbing properties, the surface temperature of the material is increased; water or water vapor in the environment adheres to the surface of the material, which increases the internal energy of the attached water, delays the formation time of ice on the surface of the material, and the phase-change energy-releasing material 2 filled on the surface of the flexible substrate 1 continues to absorb energy; when the ambient temperature decreases, the phase-change energy-releasing material 2 filled in the surface texture morphology 11 of the flexible substrate 1 releases heat and changes in volume, thereby increasing the temperature of the adhesion interface, causing freezing defects on the surface ice, and causing uneven stress concentration on the ice adhesion interface, thereby reducing the adhesion strength of the ice on the surface of the material, thereby realizing the active anti-icing function of the component to be anti-iced.

[0057] In this embodiment, the surface texture morphology 11 of the flexible substrate 1 is filled with phase-change energy-releasing materials 2 having the same phase change point. However, in other embodiments, phase-change energy-releasing materials 2 having different phase change points may be filled in different position morphologies.

[0058] Specifically,

[0059] If the average temperature of the working environment of the components to be de-iced is relatively stable, Figure 7 As shown, a phase change energy-releasing material 2 having the same phase change point is selected for filling.

[0060] If the average temperature fluctuation range of the working environment of the deicing parts is large, Figure 8 As shown, phase change energy-releasing materials 2 ( Figure 8 a represents phase change energy-releasing material a, b represents phase change energy-releasing material b, c represents phase change energy-releasing material c, d represents phase change energy-releasing material d, and e represents phase change energy-releasing material e), and a bionic coupled anti-icing flexible coating with a dolphin skin-like structure having a phase change gradient is established. Phase change energy-releasing materials 2 with different phase change points, such as H2O+19.54KCl, H2O+19.6NH4Cl, H2O+22.4NaCl, etc., are filled in the texture morphology 11 using micro-filling technology, so that the energy storage materials filled in different positions on the surface of the flexible substrate 1 have different phase change temperatures.

[0061] The working principle of the phase-change energy-releasing material 2 with different phase change points filled in different positions and forms in this embodiment is: the surface temperature is still increased by using the photothermal conversion material layer 3 to delay the formation time of ice on the material surface; when the ambient temperature reaches the phase change point of one of the phase-change energy-releasing materials 2, it begins to release energy and change volume, destroying the adhesion stability of the ice on the surface, and this process is repeated, so that the ice adhesion interface produces different degrees of stress concentration at different positions, reducing the adhesion strength of the ice on the material surface.

[0062] Furthermore, Figure 6As shown, the upper surface of the photothermal conversion material layer 3 can also be sprayed with a light-absorbing functional coating 4. By spraying copper oxide, black nickel, black chromium, black zinc, black copper and other sunlight selective absorption coatings on the surface of the photothermal conversion material layer 3, a bionic coupled anti-icing flexible coating with a dolphin skin-like structure is jointly formed, thereby further increasing the light-absorbing properties of the surface of the anti-icing flexible coating.

[0063] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method part.

[0064] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A bionic coupling anti-icing flexible coating with a dolphin skin structure, fixed on the surface of the component to be anti-iced, characterized in that: include: A flexible substrate (1), wherein a texture morphology (11) is distributed on the upper surface of the flexible substrate (1), wherein the texture morphology (11) is filled with air or a phase-change energy-releasing substance (2), and wherein the phase-change energy-releasing substance (2) has both a volume change characteristic before and after a phase change and a phase-change energy-releasing characteristic; A light-to-heat conversion material layer (3), the light-to-heat conversion material layer (3) being made of a material having a light-to-heat conversion function and being a flexible material layer, and covering the top of the flexible substrate (1); The freezing point of the phase-change energy-releasing material (2) is higher than the average temperature of the environment in which it is used, and lower than or equal to the freezing point of water; the surface texture morphology (11) of the flexible substrate (1) can be filled with the phase-change energy-releasing material (2) with the same phase change point, and can also be filled with the phase-change energy-releasing material (2) with different phase change points in different positions; the type of the surface texture morphology (11) of the flexible substrate (1) is circular pits or striped grooves; the distribution area of ​​the surface texture morphology (11) of the flexible substrate (1) accounts for 25-50% of the surface area of ​​the flexible substrate (1), the depth dimension is 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the thickness of the flexible substrate (1), the width or diameter is 0.5-1.5 times the depth dimension, and the distribution spacing is 1-3 times the depth dimension.

2. The bionic coupling anti-icing flexible coating with a dolphin skin structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The flexible substrate (1) is a flexible material with a thickness of less than 3 mm and a thermal conductivity of less than 5 W / (m·°C).

3. The bionic coupling anti-icing flexible coating with a dolphin skin structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The distribution form of the surface texture morphology (11) of the flexible substrate (1) is a rhombus distribution, a rectangular distribution, an arithmetic arrangement or a random arrangement.

4. The bionic coupling anti-icing flexible coating with a dolphin skin structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The flexible substrate (1) and the light-to-heat conversion material layer (3) are bonded or re-manufactured to form a bionic coupling anti-icing flexible coating with a dolphin skin-like structure.

5. The bionic coupling anti-icing flexible coating with a dolphin skin structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bionic coupling anti-icing flexible covering film with a dolphin skin-like structure is fixed on the surface of the component to be anti-iced by bonding, bolting or clamping.

6. The bionic coupling anti-icing flexible coating with a dolphin skin structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The upper surface of the light-to-heat conversion material layer (3) is also sprayed with a light-absorbing functional coating (4).

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