Device and method for fully consuming supercapacitor electric energy to protect photovoltaic charging battery

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for fully consuming supercapacitor electric energy to protect photovoltaic charging batteries, comprising a first group of photovoltaic panels, a second group of photovoltaic panels and a third group of photovoltaic panels, wherein the first group of photovoltaic panels enters a voltage conversion control system and then outputs; the second group of photovoltaic panels enters a battery group to charge the battery; the third group of photovoltaic panels enters a supercapacitor group to charge the capacitor, the battery group and the supercapacitor group are charged from different groups of photovoltaic panels, the first group of photovoltaic panels is connected to a voltage conversion control system, and is used to convert a direct current power supply into an alternating current power supply or a direct current power supply to supply power to electric equipment connected at the rear end; the invention provides a novel method and device for using a supercapacitor to protect a photovoltaic battery group, which makes fuller use of supercapacitor electric energy, better protects a supercapacitor group and a battery group, prolongs their service life, and improves the utilization rate of charging, power supply lines and electric equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power supply, and in particular to a device and method for fully consuming super capacitor electric energy to protect photovoltaic charging batteries. Background Art

[0002] First of all, most of the existing photovoltaic charging and equipment power supply circuits are powered by photovoltaic panels through simple control to the battery, and then power the equipment through power conversion; a small number of them take advantage of the advantages of supercapacitors and directly connect supercapacitors in parallel to the battery. Although this has a certain protective effect on the battery, the advantages of the supercapacitor have not been effectively utilized, and the energy release of the supercapacitor is low.

[0003] Secondly, after a period of use, the capacitor group composed of supercapacitors will have inconsistent voltages. When the capacitors in the same circuit are charging, some of the voltages are fully charged, while others are still a long way from being fully charged. If the capacitor group in this circuit is still in a charging state, it is easy to cause one or some supercapacitors to overcharge and damage the supercapacitors.

[0004] In addition, when charging the supercapacitor, no matter whether the voltage of the capacitor bank is high or low, the photovoltaic panel can only be charged according to the number of installed inherent paths, and even the power of the photovoltaic panel used to charge the battery bank must be divided, which greatly limits the utilization rate of the charging system and electrical equipment, and brings great inconvenience to users. Therefore, it is extremely important to design a device and method for fully consuming the power of the supercapacitor to protect the photovoltaic charging battery. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for fully consuming the electric energy of a supercapacitor to protect a photovoltaic charging battery.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a device for fully consuming supercapacitor electric energy to protect photovoltaic charging batteries, comprising a first group of photovoltaic panels, a second group of photovoltaic panels and a third group of photovoltaic panels, wherein the first group of photovoltaic panels is connected to a voltage conversion control system for converting a DC power supply into an AC power supply or a DC power supply to supply power to a power-consuming device connected to a rear end;

[0007] The second group of photovoltaic panels is connected to a battery voltage balancing control system through an anti-reverse diode. The battery voltage balancing control system is connected to a battery pack for automatically balancing the voltages of all single cells. One path of the battery pack is connected to a voltage conversion control system, and another path of the battery pack is connected to a voltage sampling point of a voltage stabilizing circuit of a voltage sampling point. The voltage sampling point output of the voltage stabilizing circuit of the voltage sampling point is connected to a voltage comparison controller.

[0008] The third group of photovoltaic panels is connected to the automatic matching system for capacitor charging circuits through anti-reverse diodes. One path of the automatic matching system for capacitor charging circuits is connected to the voltage sampling point of the voltage stabilizing voltage circuit of the voltage sampling point. The voltage sampling point output of the voltage stabilizing voltage circuit of the voltage sampling point is connected to the voltage comparison controller. Another path of the automatic matching system for capacitor charging circuits is connected to the capacitor voltage balancing system. The capacitor voltage balancing system is connected to the supercapacitor group. One path of the supercapacitor group is connected to the voltage conversion control system. Another path of the supercapacitor group is connected to the voltage conversion control system through the connected boost control system.

[0009] Specifically, the voltage sampling point voltage stabilization circuit is further provided with a resistor R0, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a capacitor and a line ground that are electrically connected.

[0010] Specifically, the output end of the voltage comparison controller is connected to the boost control system, and the boost control system and the rear end of the super capacitor group are both connected to the voltage conversion control system through an anti-reverse diode.

[0011] Specifically, the battery pack is a plurality of rechargeable batteries, and the battery pack adopts but is not limited to lead-acid batteries, lithium batteries and nickel-metal hydride batteries.

[0012] Specifically, the supercapacitor group is provided with a plurality of supercapacitors, the electrical connection modes of the supercapacitors are series connection, parallel connection and series-parallel mixed connection, and the capacitor voltage balancing system automatically balances the voltage of each supercapacitor.

[0013] Specifically, the first group of photovoltaic battery panels, the second group of photovoltaic battery panels and the third group of photovoltaic battery panels are each provided with at least one photovoltaic battery panel.

[0014] Specifically, the capacitor charging path automatic matching system determines the number of photovoltaic panels charging the supercapacitor group according to the voltage of the supercapacitor group and the number of matching photovoltaic panels. If the voltage is high, the charging path is small or no charging occurs. If the voltage is low, the charging path is large and the charging path does not exceed the rated matching number.

[0015] Specifically, the voltage conversion control system determines and controls one or more paths of electric energy to be converted and output according to the power consumption of the electric equipment.

[0016] A method for fully consuming supercapacitor electric energy to protect a photovoltaic charging battery comprises the following steps:

[0017] 1) The power conversion system directly converts and outputs the electric energy generated by the first group of photovoltaic panels, while the second and third photovoltaic panels need to determine the voltage and output the high voltage group;

[0018] 2) The supercapacitor group and the battery group respectively sample voltages through the voltage sampling point stabilization voltage circuit, and compare the voltages through the voltage comparison controller. When the supercapacitor group voltage is higher than the battery group voltage, the boost control system does not receive a signal and is in a non-working state. The voltage conversion control system determines that the supercapacitor group outputs electrical energy; when the supercapacitor group voltage is lower than the battery group voltage and higher than the minimum capacitor voltage setting value, the voltage comparison controller sends a signal to the boost control system, and the boost control system works to boost the supercapacitor group voltage to the set voltage. This voltage value is higher than the full charge voltage value of the battery group, and the voltage conversion control system determines that the supercapacitor group still outputs electrical energy; when the supercapacitor group voltage is lower than the minimum capacitor voltage setting value, the voltage conversion control system allows the battery group to output power.

[0019] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The device and method designed by the present invention for fully consuming supercapacitor electric energy to protect photovoltaic charging batteries provide a new method and device for using supercapacitors to protect photovoltaic battery groups. While making more full use of supercapacitor electric energy, the supercapacitor group and the battery group are better protected, their service life is extended, the utilization rate of charging, power supply lines and electrical equipment is improved, and great convenience is brought to users. At the same time, the accessories used in the device are all common mainstream accessories in the market, which are mature, reliable, easy to replace and maintain, and easy to promote. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a system schematic diagram for fully consuming capacitor electric energy to protect photovoltaic charging batteries.

[0022] Figure 2 It is the circuit diagram of voltage stabilization at voltage sampling point.

[0023] In the figure: 1-the first group of photovoltaic panels; 2-the second group of photovoltaic panels; 3-the third group of photovoltaic panels; 4-anti-reverse diode; 5-battery voltage balance control system; 6-battery group; 7-capacitor charging path automatic matching system; 8-voltage sampling point voltage stabilization circuit; 9-capacitor voltage balance system; 10-supercapacitor group; 11-voltage comparison controller; 12-boost control system; 13-voltage conversion control system; 14-electrical equipment; 15-resistance R0; 16-resistance R1; 17-capacitor; 18-line grounding; 19-resistance R2; 20-voltage sampling point; 21-voltage sampling point output. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely further describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, the device for fully consuming the electric energy of supercapacitors to protect photovoltaic charging batteries includes a first group of photovoltaic panels 1, a second group of photovoltaic panels 2 and a third group of photovoltaic panels 3, and each group is provided with at least one photovoltaic panel. The first group of photovoltaic panels 1 enters the voltage conversion control system 13 and then outputs; the second group of photovoltaic panels 2 enters the battery group 6 to charge the battery; the third group of photovoltaic panels 3 enters the supercapacitor group 10 to charge the capacitor, and the charging of the battery group 6 and the supercapacitor group 10 comes from different groups of photovoltaic panels. The first group of photovoltaic panels 1 is connected to the voltage conversion control system 13, which is used to convert the DC power supply into an AC power supply or a DC power supply to supply power to the power-consuming equipment 14 connected to the back end. The voltage conversion control system 13 judges and controls one or more of the power conversions and outputs according to the power consumption of the power-consuming equipment 14.

[0026] The second group of photovoltaic panels 2 is connected to a battery voltage balance control system 5 through an anti-reverse diode 4. The battery voltage balance control system 5 is connected to a battery group 6 for automatically balancing the voltages of all single-cell batteries. One path of the battery group 6 is connected to a voltage conversion control system 13, and another path of the battery group 6 is connected to a voltage sampling point 20 of a voltage sampling point stabilizing voltage circuit 8. The voltage sampling point output 21 of the voltage sampling point stabilizing voltage circuit 8 is connected to a voltage comparison controller 11.

[0027] The third group of photovoltaic panels 3 is connected to the automatic matching system 7 of the number of capacitor charging circuits through the anti-reverse diode 4. The automatic matching system 7 of the number of capacitor charging circuits is connected to the voltage sampling point 20 of the voltage sampling point stabilizing voltage circuit 8. The voltage sampling point output 21 of the voltage sampling point stabilizing voltage circuit 8 is connected to the voltage comparison controller 11, which is used to compare the voltage of the battery group 6 and the super capacitor group 10, and includes a stable voltage circuit composed of resistors and capacitors to ensure the accuracy of the read voltage. The output end of the voltage comparison controller 11 is connected to the boost control system 12. The boost control system 12 and the rear end of the super capacitor group 10 are connected to the voltage conversion control system 13 through the anti-reverse diode 4. The automatic matching system 7 of the number of capacitor charging circuits is connected to the capacitor voltage balancing system 9 on the other side, and the capacitor voltage balancing system 9 is connected to the super capacitor group 10. The super capacitor group 10 is connected to the voltage conversion control system 13 on one side, and the super capacitor group 10 is connected to the voltage conversion control system 13 on the other side through the connected boost control system 12.

[0028] like Figure 2As shown, the voltage sampling point voltage stabilization circuit 8 is also provided with resistors R015, R116, and R219 electrically connected according to the specific electrical equipment 14 and the power supply circuit. The capacitor 17 is a capacitor matched according to the resistance value, and the figure also has a line grounding 18, a voltage sampling point 20, and a voltage sampling point output 21 (connected to the voltage comparison controller 11).

[0029] The battery pack 6 is a plurality of rechargeable batteries, and the rechargeable batteries include but are not limited to lead-acid batteries, lithium batteries and nickel-hydrogen batteries, and are applicable to all rechargeable batteries used in industry, commerce and agriculture.

[0030] The supercapacitor group 10 is provided with a plurality of supercapacitors, and the electrical connection modes of the supercapacitors are series connection, parallel connection and series-parallel mixed connection, and the capacitor voltage balancing system 9 automatically balances the voltage of each supercapacitor.

[0031] The third group of photovoltaic panels 3 is a multi-channel photovoltaic panel, all of which are connected to the automatic matching system 7 for the number of capacitor charging paths. The automatic matching system 7 for the number of capacitor charging paths samples the voltage value from the supercapacitor group 10, and determines the number of photovoltaic panels for charging the supercapacitor group according to the voltage level of the supercapacitor group 10 and the number of matching photovoltaic panels. If the voltage is high, the number of charging paths is small or not charged, and if the voltage is low, the number of charging paths is large and the number of charging paths does not exceed the rated matching number. The automatic matching system 7 for the number of capacitor charging paths determines one or more (the number of assembly paths is matched according to the actual power consumption equipment) panels in the specific third group of photovoltaic panels 3 to charge according to the voltage value, so as to optimize the utilization of resources and meet the power consumption needs of customers.

[0032] The function of the reverse diode 4 is to conduct the forward high voltage circuit and cut off the circuit without forward high voltage or reverse high voltage.

[0033] A method for fully consuming supercapacitor electric energy to protect a photovoltaic charging battery comprises the following steps:

[0034] 1) The first group of photovoltaic panels 1 directly connects the photovoltaic DC power to the power conversion control system 13, and outputs it to the power-consuming equipment 14 through the power conversion control system 13. The second group of photovoltaic panels 2 charges the battery group 6 with the generated photovoltaic DC power through the battery voltage balance control system 5. The battery group 6 outputs the power to the power conversion control system 13. The third group of photovoltaic panels 3 selects photovoltaic panels of appropriate number through the capacitor charging path automatic matching system 7 to charge the supercapacitor group 10. The supercapacitor group 10 is equipped with a capacitor voltage balance system 9, which automatically balances the voltage of each group of supercapacitors to make the capacitor voltage basically consistent for a long time. The supercapacitor group 10 has two outputs, one directly enters the voltage conversion control system 13, and the other is boosted by the boost control system 12 and then enters the voltage conversion control system 13. The voltage conversion control system 13 directly converts and outputs the power generated by the first group of photovoltaic panels 1, while the second photovoltaic panels 2 and the third photovoltaic panels 3 need to judge the voltage and output from the high voltage group;

[0035] 2) The voltages of the supercapacitor group 10 and the battery group 6 are respectively sampled by the voltage sampling point stabilizing voltage circuit, and the voltages are compared by the voltage comparison controller 11. When the voltage of the supercapacitor group 10 is higher than the voltage of the battery group 6, the boost control system 12 does not receive a signal and is in an off-state. The voltage conversion control system 13 determines that the supercapacitor group 10 outputs electrical energy. When the voltage of the supercapacitor group 10 is lower than the voltage of the battery group 6 and higher than the minimum capacitor voltage setting value, the voltage comparison controller 11 sends a signal to the boost control system 12, and the boost control system 12 works to boost the voltage of the supercapacitor group 10 to a set voltage. This voltage value is higher than the full charge voltage value of the battery group 6, and the voltage conversion control system 13 determines that the supercapacitor group 10 still outputs electrical energy. When the voltage of the supercapacitor group 10 is lower than the minimum capacitor voltage setting value, the voltage conversion control system 13 allows the battery group 6 to output power.

[0036] Normal system standby state:

[0037] When the electrical equipment 14 of the system is not working, the battery group 6 and the supercapacitor group 10 are both fully charged, and under the control of the voltage balancing system, the voltages of all single-cell capacitors and batteries are basically consistent, and the number of charging battery panels is controlled so that the voltage of the supercapacitor group 10 is higher than the voltage of the battery group 6.

[0038] The light intensity is stable, the electrical equipment is operating normally, and there is no sudden increase in power:

[0039] The installed capacity of the first group of photovoltaic panels 1 is sufficient to meet the needs of the electrical equipment 14, and the excess power is used to supply power to the battery group 6 and the supercapacitor group 10, so that they are in a fully charged state.

[0040] The light intensity is unstable or insufficient, or the power of the electrical equipment increases sharply:

[0041] When the light intensity is unstable (suddenly blocked by clouds), insufficient, or the power of the electrical equipment increases sharply, and the power of the first group of photovoltaic panels 1 cannot meet the power of the electrical equipment 14, the voltage of the supercapacitor group 10 is higher than the voltage of the battery group 6, and there is no need for boost control. It is output to the electrical equipment 14 through the voltage conversion control system 13, and the voltage of the supercapacitor group 10 continues to decrease. After the voltage value is lower than the voltage value of the battery group 6, the boost control system 12 works, and the supercapacitor group 10 continues to discharge until the voltage of the supercapacitor group 10 is lower than the minimum set voltage value, and then the battery group 6 starts to discharge. In this way, the advantages of the supercapacitor group 10 are better utilized, the electric energy of the supercapacitor group 10 is more fully consumed, and at the same time, the impact of the sudden increase in power on the battery group 6 is reduced, thereby protecting the battery group 6 and extending its service life.

[0042] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned implementation modes, and anyone should be aware of the structural changes made under the enlightenment of the present invention, and all those having the same or similar technical solutions as the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0043] The techniques, shapes, and structural parts not described in detail in the present invention are all well-known techniques.

Claims

1. A method for fully consuming supercapacitor electric energy to protect photovoltaic rechargeable batteries, characterized in that: The method is implemented by using a device that fully consumes supercapacitor electric energy to protect photovoltaic charging batteries. The device includes a first group of photovoltaic panels, a second group of photovoltaic panels, and a third group of photovoltaic panels. The first group of photovoltaic panels is connected to a voltage conversion control system, which is used to convert a DC power supply into an AC power supply or a DC power supply to supply power to a power-consuming device connected to a rear end. The first group of photovoltaic panels, the second group of photovoltaic panels, and the third group of photovoltaic panels are each provided with at least one photovoltaic panel. The second group of photovoltaic panels is connected to a battery voltage balance control system through an anti-reverse diode. The battery voltage balance control system is connected to a battery group for automatically balancing the voltages of all single batteries. The battery group is a plurality of rechargeable batteries. The battery group uses lead-acid batteries, lithium batteries, or nickel-hydrogen batteries. One path of the battery group is connected to the voltage conversion control system, and another path of the battery group is connected to a voltage sampling point of a voltage sampling point stabilizing voltage circuit. The voltage sampling point output of the voltage sampling point stabilizing voltage circuit is connected to a voltage comparison controller. The voltage sampling point stabilizing voltage circuit is also provided with an electrically connected resistor R0, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a capacitor, and a line grounding; The third group of photovoltaic panels is connected to the automatic matching system for capacitor charging paths through anti-reverse diodes. One path of the automatic matching system for capacitor charging paths is connected to the voltage sampling point of the voltage stabilizing circuit of the voltage sampling point. The voltage sampling point output of the voltage stabilizing circuit of the voltage sampling point is connected to the voltage comparison controller. The output end of the voltage comparison controller is connected to the boost control system. The boost control system and the back end of the supercapacitor group are both connected to the voltage conversion control system through the anti-reverse diode; another path of the automatic matching system for capacitor charging paths is connected to the capacitor voltage balancing system. The capacitor voltage balancing system is connected to the supercapacitor group. The supercapacitor group is provided with a number of supercapacitors. The electrical connection mode of the supercapacitors is series connection, parallel connection and series-parallel mixed connection. The capacitor voltage balancing system automatically balances the voltage of each supercapacitor. One path of the supercapacitor group is connected to the voltage conversion control system. The other path of the supercapacitor group is connected to the voltage conversion control system through the connected boost control system. The voltage conversion control system judges and controls one or more paths of electric energy conversion and output according to the power consumption of the electrical equipment; The automatic matching system for the number of charging paths of capacitors determines the number of paths of photovoltaic panels charging the supercapacitor group according to the voltage of the supercapacitor group and the number of matching photovoltaic panels. If the voltage is high, the number of charging paths is small or no charging occurs. If the voltage is low, the number of charging paths is large and the number of charging paths does not exceed the rated matching number. The method for fully consuming the electric energy of a supercapacitor to protect a photovoltaic charging battery comprises the following steps: 1) The power conversion system directly converts and outputs the electric energy generated by the first group of photovoltaic panels, while the second and third photovoltaic panels need to determine the voltage and output the high voltage group; 2) The supercapacitor group and the battery group respectively sample voltages through the voltage sampling point stabilization voltage circuit, and compare the voltages through the voltage comparison controller. When the supercapacitor group voltage is higher than the battery group voltage, the boost control system does not receive a signal and is in an inoperative state. The voltage conversion control system determines that the supercapacitor group outputs electrical energy; when the supercapacitor group voltage is lower than the battery group voltage and higher than the minimum capacitor voltage setting value, the voltage comparison controller sends a signal to the boost control system, and the boost control system works to boost the supercapacitor group voltage to the set voltage. This voltage value is higher than the full charge voltage value of the battery group, and the voltage conversion control system determines that the supercapacitor group still outputs electrical energy; when the supercapacitor group voltage is lower than the minimum capacitor voltage setting value, the voltage conversion control system allows the battery group to output power.

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