A collision protection device

Abstract

The present invention relates to a collision protection device, which includes a protection cross beam, a force transmission swing arm, a shock absorption device and a limiting mechanism. When the force transmission swing arm rotates relative to the protected object under the action of a large force, it drives the shock absorption device to move so as to absorb energy. The limiting mechanism is installed on the force transmission swing arm and is used to limit the angle range of rotation of the force transmission swing arm, and has partial limitation and full limitation. A limitation threshold is provided by the partial limitation. When the small force received by the force transmission swing arm is less than the limitation threshold, the rotation of the force transmission swing arm is restricted. If the small force is greater than or equal to the limitation threshold, the force transmission swing arm is restricted to rotate within a certain angle range. The full limitation means that when the force transmission swing arm is under the action of a large force and / or a continuous small force, after the force transmission swing arm rotates to the maximum angle range, the rotation of the force transmission swing arm is completely restricted. The present invention has good versatility, excellent noise reduction ability, requires a small installation space, and has multiple working modes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicle protection, and particularly designs a collision protection device. Background Art

[0002] Collision protection devices are important devices in vehicle protection. Common ones such as the rear lower protection device of trucks play a role in buffering and energy absorption in the accident of a car rear-ending a truck, reducing the casualties of the people in the car cab caused by "drilling and crashing", and are efficient and easy-to-install passive safety technology devices. China promulgated the "Requirements for Rear Under-run Protection Devices of Motor Vehicles and Trailers" in 2001, and further revised and improved the original standard in 2017 and promulgated and implemented the "GB11567-2017 Requirements for Side and Rear Under-run Protection of Motor Vehicles and Trailers". At present, the accident rate and accident damage degree of cars rear-ending and "drilling and crashing" trucks in China are significantly higher than those in European and American countries. On the one hand, it is because the application status of the rear lower protection devices of vehicles in China is generally poor. On the other hand, it is because the structural forms of the rear lower protection devices of vehicles in China are not unified, unable to meet the standard requirements, and unable to play the due role of preventing "drilling and crashing" and energy absorption. Therefore, with the continuous upgrading of regulations and the urgent need to reduce the casualties caused by "drilling and crashing", a protection device with universality and meeting the standard requirements is urgently needed by major vehicle manufacturers.

[0003] In the prior art, there is a truck and its rear protection device disclosed in a Chinese invention patent with the patent application number 201910615918.X. This rear protection device has the characteristics of high structural strength and good protection effect. However, its structural universality is poor and it cannot be applied to different truck vehicles.

[0004] In addition, there is a rear lower energy-absorbing protection device for trucks disclosed in a Chinese utility model patent with the patent application number 201621467070.9. This device is fixed on the longitudinal beam of the vehicle frame through hinges and dampers, playing the role of anti-collision energy absorption and preventing the rear-ending vehicle from turning under the truck. However, the size occupied by this mechanism in the height direction is relatively large, resulting in poor passing performance of the vehicle. In addition, since the anti-collision cross beam is not fixed in the height direction, the anti-collision cross beam generates vibration noise during the vehicle's driving due to the road surface bumps. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, in view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a collision protection device with optimized structure.

[0006] The present invention is implemented by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a collision protection device for protecting an object to be protected, which includes a protection cross beam, a force transmission swing arm, a shock absorption device and a limit mechanism. The first end of the force transmission swing arm is fixedly connected to the protection cross beam, and the second end of the force transmission swing arm is directly or indirectly rotatably connected to the object to be protected. The shock absorption device is connected to the force transmission swing arm. When the force transmission swing arm rotates relative to the object to be protected under a large acting force, it drives the shock absorption device to move so as to absorb energy. The limit mechanism is installed on the force transmission swing arm and is used to limit the angle range of rotation of the force transmission swing arm. The limitation includes partial limitation, and the partial limitation is: providing a limitation threshold. When the force transmission swing arm is subjected to a small acting force, if the small acting force is less than the limitation threshold, the rotation of the force transmission swing arm relative to the object to be protected is limited; if the small acting force is greater than or equal to the limitation threshold, the rotation of the force transmission swing arm relative to the object to be protected is limited within a certain angle range.

[0008] Wherein, to improve the structural stability and increase the shock absorption effect, the limitation further includes complete limitation, and the complete limitation is: when the force transmission swing arm is subjected to a large acting force and / or a continuous small acting force, after the force transmission swing arm rotates relative to the object to be protected to the maximum angle range, the rotation of the force transmission swing arm is completely limited.

[0009] Wherein, to improve the structural stability, the limit mechanism includes a limit rod and a limit sleeve. The limit sleeve is fixedly installed on the force transmission swing arm. The limit rod is arranged through the limit sleeve. One end of the limit rod away from the limit sleeve is directly or indirectly connected to the object to be protected. One end of the shock absorption device is connected to the force transmission swing arm and one end is directly or indirectly connected to the object to be protected. The limit mechanism, the force transmission swing arm and the shock absorption device form a substantially triangular structure.

[0010] Wherein, to improve the versatility of components, it further includes a mounting bracket. The mounting bracket is connected to the object to be protected. The force transmission swing arm, the limit mechanism and the shock absorption device are indirectly connected to the object to be protected by being installed on the mounting bracket.

[0011] Wherein, considering production and cost, the limit mechanism includes a first limit mechanism for realizing the partial limitation, and the first limit mechanism includes:

[0012] A plurality of card slots linearly arranged along the rod body on the limit rod;

[0013] A clamping block arranged in the limit sleeve and matching the shape of the card slot;

[0014] An elastic element arranged in the limit sleeve and pushing the clamping block to abut against the card slot with an elastic restoring force;

[0015] The described limiting threshold is: the minimum force that can overcome the elastic restoring force and cause the clamping block to disengage from the slot it contacts when the force transmission swing arm is subjected to a small force, thereby causing the force transmission swing arm to rotate.

[0016] Wherein, to improve stability and noise reduction effect, at least two groups of the slots and the clamping blocks are arranged facing each other; the clamping blocks are made of elastic material.

[0017] Wherein, to improve the noise reduction effect, the cross-sectional shape of the slot gradually becomes shallower and then deeper and then shallower again along the rod body of the limiting rod.

[0018] Wherein, to achieve complete limitation, the limiting mechanism further includes a second limiting mechanism for achieving complete limitation, including a stop member provided at one end of the limiting rod close to the force transmission swing arm. When the force transmission swing arm rotates to the maximum angle relative to the protected object under a large force and / or a continuous small force, the stop member blocks the force transmission swing arm from continuing to rotate relative to the protected object.

[0019] Wherein, considering production and cost, the stop member is a T-shaped head provided at one end of the limiting rod close to the force transmission swing arm, and a limiting hole through which the T-shaped head of the stop member cannot pass is formed on the force transmission swing arm.

[0020] Wherein, considering production and cost, the force transmission swing arm has a hollow inner cavity, a through hole with a width smaller than the T-shaped head is formed on the outer wall of the force transmission swing arm as the limiting hole, the rod body of the limiting rod passes through the limiting hole, and the T-shaped head is arranged in the inner cavity.

[0021] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention is provided with a limiting mechanism and will not generate noise when subjected to a small collision force; the component assembly has good versatility, requires a small installation space, does not need to waste too much space, and the device is small and convenient for installation and disassembly; a detachable connection structure is adopted, which is convenient for maintenance and part replacement; the present invention has multiple working modes according to the magnitude of the collision force received, fully adapting to different situations. Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1 is an isometric view (one) of the collision protection device in the embodiment;

[0023] Figure 2 is an isometric view (two) of the collision protection device in the embodiment;

[0024] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram taking the vehicle frame as an example in the embodiment;

[0025] Figure 4 is the front view of the collision protection device in the embodiment;

[0026] Figure 5 is the top view of the collision protection device in the embodiment;

[0027] Figure 6 is the left view of the collision protection device in the embodiment;

[0028] Figure 7 is the schematic diagram of the crossbeam rectangular tube in the embodiment;

[0029] Figure 8 is the schematic diagram of the force transmission swing arm in the embodiment;

[0030] Figure 9 is Figure 6 the enlarged partial view of the method at M in

[0031] Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of the crossbeam connection bracket and the connection bracket in the embodiment;

[0032] Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of the articulated steel sleeve in the embodiment;

[0033] Figure 12 is the schematic diagram of the mounting plate in the embodiment;

[0034] Figure 13 is the schematic diagram of the shock absorber assembly in the embodiment;

[0035] Figure 14 is the schematic diagram of the shock absorber mounting bracket in the embodiment;

[0036] Figure 15 is the schematic diagram of the limiting mechanism in the embodiment;

[0037] Figure 16 is the sectional view of the limiting mechanism in the embodiment;

[0038] Figure 17 is the schematic diagram of the pull rod in the embodiment;

[0039] Figure 18 is the exploded view of the components of the limiting sleeve in the embodiment;

[0040] Figure 19 is the schematic diagram of the limiting pin in the embodiment;

[0041] Figure 20 is the sectional view of the limiting sleeve in the embodiment;

[0042] Figure 21 is the schematic diagram of the installation method of the limiting mechanism in the embodiment;

[0043] Figure 22This is the working schematic diagram of the collision protection device in the embodiment. Detailed implementation manners

[0044] To further illustrate each embodiment, the present invention provides accompanying drawings. These drawings are part of the disclosure of the present invention, mainly used to illustrate the embodiments, and can cooperate with the relevant descriptions in the specification to explain the operating principle of the embodiments. With reference to these contents, those of ordinary skill in the art should be able to understand other possible implementation manners and the advantages of the present invention. The components in the drawings are not drawn to scale, and similar component symbols are usually used to represent similar components.

[0045] Now, the present invention will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the detailed implementation manners.

[0046] Refer to Figures 1 - 22 As shown, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a collision protection device is provided, and its main structure includes a protection crossbeam assembly 1, a force transmission swing arm 2, a limit mechanism 3, a mounting plate 4, a shock absorber assembly 5, and a shock absorber mounting bracket 6.

[0047] As Figures 2 - 3 shown, the above-mentioned force transmission swing arm 2, limit mechanism 3, mounting plate 4, shock absorber assembly 5, and shock absorber mounting bracket 6 are combined to form a left force transmission and shock absorption assembly 7. A right force transmission and shock absorption assembly 8 with the same structure as the left force transmission and shock absorption assembly 7 is provided on the protection crossbeam assembly 1. The right force transmission and shock absorption assembly 8 and the left force transmission and shock absorption assembly 7 are arranged in a left-right mirror image, which not only enhances the structural stability but also facilitates installation. Exemplarily, Figure 3 the frame 9 is also marked in it. The collision protection device is installed on the frame 9 as a reference way of installation in this embodiment. For the convenience of description, the following description mainly expands on the structure of the left force transmission and shock absorption assembly 7.

[0048] Refer to Figures 7 - 10, the described protective crossbeam assembly 1 includes a crossbeam rectangular tube 11 and two connecting brackets 12 fixedly connected to the crossbeam rectangular tube 11, one on the left and one on the right. The left force transmission shock absorption assembly 7 and the right force transmission shock absorption assembly 8 are respectively connected to the left and right connecting brackets 12 correspondingly. Specifically, a crossbeam connecting bracket 26 is fixedly provided at one end of the force transmission swing arm 2, and the crossbeam connecting bracket 26 and the connecting bracket 12 are connected together by bolts to achieve the connection between the force transmission swing arm 2 and the protective crossbeam assembly 1. The connection method between the force transmission swing arm 2 and the protective crossbeam assembly 1 is not limited to the above bolt connection method, and it can also be welding. However, since the protective crossbeam assembly 1 is the direct part receiving the collision force and is prone to damage and deformation after being collided, using bolt connection is beneficial for component replacement. To ensure the structural strength and stiffness of the protective crossbeam assembly 1 and the force transmission swing arm 2, the crossbeam connecting bracket 26 and the connecting bracket 12 are arranged such that after the crossbeam connecting bracket 26 and the connecting bracket 12 are bolted together, a clamping portion approximately matching the outer shape of the protective crossbeam assembly 1 is formed between them. For specific reference, see Figure 9 and Figure 10 , in this embodiment, the crossbeam rectangular tube 11 is a rectangular pipe fitting (but it can also be a circular pipe, a solid circular rod, etc., not limited by this shape). Both the crossbeam connecting bracket 26 and the connecting bracket 12 have right-angle bending parts. After they are bolted together, a clamping portion 200 approximately in the shape of a rectangle (matching the outer shape of the protective crossbeam assembly 1) is formed between them, which can stably and tightly fix the force transmission swing arm 2 and the crossbeam rectangular tube 11, making the force transmission swing arm 2 and the crossbeam rectangular tube 11 form a rigid protective crossbeam swing arm. It should be noted that although the outer shape of the crossbeam rectangular tube 11 is not limited, setting it as a rectangular pipe fitting can not only better absorb the collision force with its rectangular plane but also facilitate the production and manufacturing of the crossbeam connecting bracket 26 and the connecting bracket 12. For example, in this embodiment, the crossbeam connecting bracket 26 and the connecting bracket 12 can be obtained through sheet metal processing.

[0049] The force transmission swing arm 2 described above includes a force transmission arm torque tube 21. At one end of the force transmission arm torque tube 21, the above-mentioned crossbeam connection bracket 26 is provided, and at the other end, a hinge steel sleeve 22 and a U-shaped member 23 are provided. A first mounting hole 24 and a second mounting hole 25 are formed in the force transmission arm torque tube 21. Among them, the hinge steel sleeve 22 is a cylindrical sleeve with a third mounting hole 221 (through hole). The force transmission arm torque tube 21 is provided with a mounting hole that matches the outer diameter of the hinge steel sleeve 22 and allows the hinge steel sleeve 22 to penetrate through. Then, the hinge steel sleeve 22 is fixed to the force transmission arm torque tube 21 by interference fit. The hinge steel sleeve 22 can also be connected to the force transmission arm torque tube 21 by means such as being tightened by set screws, bonding, or even integrally casting. It should be noted that the purpose of setting the hinge steel sleeve 22 is to form a mounting hole here to connect the force transmission swing arm 2 and the mounting plate 4. Since the hollow force transmission arm torque tube 21 is adopted in this embodiment, using the hinge steel sleeve 22 can effectively improve the strength of the mounting hole here. The U-shaped member 23 is provided with a through hole for connecting with the shock absorber 5. The first mounting hole 24 and the second mounting hole 25 are used for mounting the limiting mechanism 3. The specific installation and connection methods will be further described below.

[0050] Refer again to Figure 12 , the mounting plate 4 described above includes a mounting plate base body 41 that is generally sheet-shaped, and a limiter fixing pin shaft 42 and a swing arm fixing pin shaft 43 that are fixedly connected to the mounting plate base body 41 and protrude in the same direction. A number of through holes are formed in the mounting plate 4, which can be used to mount the mounting plate 4 on an object to which the collision protection device provided in this embodiment is applied (such as Figure 3 the vehicle frame 9 in). The shape of the mounting plate 4 can be various. Its main function is to provide a mounting and connection base to connect components such as the force transmission swing arm 2, the limiting mechanism 3, and the shock absorber assembly 5 to the object to be protected (such as Figure 3is connected to the vehicle frame 9). Those skilled in the art can make various adaptive improvements to its shape, the position of the connection structure, etc. to adapt to different application scenarios. And it is also possible not to provide the mounting plate 4 and directly connect components such as the force swing arm 2, the limiting mechanism 3, and the shock absorber assembly 5 to the object to be protected. However, in this case, the versatility of the entire collision protection device is relatively poor. The positions and styles of the limiter fixing pin 42 and the swing arm fixing pin 43 are not fixed either. In this embodiment, the two are located on the same side of the mounting plate base 41, but they can also be arranged on different sides. During installation, the swing arm fixing pin 43 passes through the hinge steel sleeve 22 of the force transmission swing arm 2. Threads can be provided on the swing arm fixing pin 43 (the thread length and the length of the smooth rod should be determined according to the actual situation). After the swing arm fixing pin 43 passes through the hinge steel sleeve 22 of the force transmission swing arm 2, a nut is used to lock the force transmission swing arm 2 towards the mounting plate 4, and thus the force transmission swing arm 2 and the mounting plate 4 can be threadedly connected together. In other embodiments, it is also possible to choose not to provide the swing arm fixing pin 43 and only open a through hole at the position of the swing arm fixing pin 43, and directly bolt-connect the force transmission swing arm 2 and the mounting plate 4 together, which is also feasible. However, this solution will add a bolt head or a nut on the side of the mounting plate 4 facing away from the force transmission swing arm 2, which occupies more installation space. Therefore, the solution in this embodiment is preferred. The setting method of the limiter fixing pin 42 is the same as that of the swing arm fixing pin 43. The limiter fixing pin 42 is mainly used to screw the limiting mechanism 3 to the mounting plate 4. It is worth mentioning that the above method of using the limiter fixing pin 42 and the swing arm fixing pin 43 to screw the limiting mechanism 3 and the force transmission swing arm 2 to the mounting plate 4 enables the limiting mechanism 3 and the force transmission swing arm 2 to rotate relative to the mounting plate 4. At the same time, adjusting the screwing strength can also enable the limiting mechanism 3 and the force transmission swing arm 2 to withstand a certain bending moment. Adjusting their strength between semi-rigid connection and hinge connection can also be used as a way to adjust the impact energy borne.

[0051] Refer to again Figure 13 As shown, the shock absorber assembly 5 includes a shock absorber 51, a compression spring 52, and a shock absorber mounting plate 53. One end of the shock absorber 51 is fixedly connected to the shock absorber mounting plate 53, and the other end has a fourth mounting hole 510. The two ends of the compression spring 52 abut against the shock absorber 51 and the shock absorber mounting plate 53. The shock absorber mounting plate 53 has a fixing bolt 530. The shock absorber assembly 5 is bolted and fixed to the U-shaped part 23 on the force transmission swing arm 2 with its fourth mounting hole 510, and is bolted to the fifth mounting hole 62 on the shock absorber mounting bracket 6 with its fixing bolt 530. Similar to the above situation, the shock absorber assembly 5 can also be fixed to the force transmission swing arm 2 and the shock absorber mounting bracket 6 by other means such as welding. However, the bolt connection method is easy to disassemble and replace while ensuring the connection strength.

[0052] Refer to again Figure 14, the shock absorber mounting bracket 6 is generally an L-shaped bent plate, including a shock absorber mounting bracket base body 61, and further including a fifth mounting hole 62 opened on the shock absorber mounting bracket base body 61 for connecting the shock absorber assembly 5 and a sixth mounting hole 64 for bolt-connecting the shock absorber mounting bracket 6 itself to the mounting plate 4. The shock absorber mounting bracket 6 also has a reinforcing rib 63 to increase the structural strength.

[0053] The limiting mechanism 3 is a component for realizing the multi-stage working mode of the collision protection device. Refer to Figure 6 , both ends of the limiting mechanism 3 are respectively mounted on the force transmission swing arm 2 and the mounting plate 4, and together with the shock absorber assembly 5 and the force transmission swing arm 2, form a generally triangular structure, improving the structural stability and also making it difficult for the force transmission swing arm 2 and the limiting mechanism 3 to swing and generate noise. Refer to Figures 15 - 20 , the limiting mechanism 3 mainly includes a pull rod 31 and a limiting sleeve 32. Among them, the pull rod 31 is generally a rectangular body. One end of the pull rod 31 is provided with a seventh mounting hole 311 for threadedly connecting the pull rod 31 to the limiter fixed pin 42 (the mounting method is similar to the connection between the swing arm fixed pin 43 and the articulated steel sleeve 22). The other end has a T-shaped limiting block 313. A plurality of card slots 312 are linearly arranged along the rod body on the rod body of the pull rod 31. The pull rod 31 passes through the second mounting hole 25, and its T-shaped limiting block 313 is located inside the force transmission swing arm 2. The dimensions of the T-shaped limiting block 313 and the second mounting hole 25 satisfy that when the pull rod 31 is pulled outwards, the T-shaped limiting block 313 will be restricted by the tube body of the force transmission arm torque tube 21, or in other words, the length dimension of the T-shaped limiting block 313 is greater than the maximum dimension of the second mounting hole 25. In this way, when the force transmission arm torque tube 21 rotates around the connection node where the force transmission swing arm 2 is screwed to the mounting plate 4, it will ultimately be blocked and limited by the T-shaped limiting block 313. The limiting sleeve 32 includes a limiting sleeve upper cover 321, a limiting pin 323, a spring assembly 324, and a limiting sleeve lower cover 322. The limiting sleeve upper cover 321 and the limiting sleeve lower cover 322 are buckled together to form a hollow inner cavity, and the limiting pin 323 and the spring assembly 324 are arranged inside the hollow inner cavity. The limiting pin 323 includes a generally semi-cylindrical (elliptical cylinder) clamping portion 3231, a limiting plate 3232 connected to the clamping portion 3231, and a convex column 3233 provided on the connecting plate 3232. The spring assembly 324 is sleeved on the convex column 3233, with one end abutted against the connecting plate 3232 and the other end abutted against the limiting sleeve upper cover 321 (similarly, convex columns 3233 can also be provided on the limiting sleeve upper cover 321). The convex column 3233 is provided to enable the spring assembly 324 to be better positioned. There is a limiting wall 3212 inside the limiting sleeve upper cover 321 (as shown in Figure 20) When the limit pin 323 moves towards the pull rod 31 to a certain stroke, the limit wall 3212 will abut against the limit plate 3232 to prevent the limit pin 323 from continuing to move towards the pull rod 31. The movement stroke defined by the limit wall 3212 and the limit plate 3232 is controllable. Its main purpose is not to make the force exerted by the limit pin 323 on the pull rod 31 too large. Of course, it can also be used as a means to adjust the clamping strength. Corresponding positions on the upper cover 321 of the limit sleeve and the lower cover 322 of the limit sleeve are respectively provided with a first through hole 3211 and a second through hole 3221 for the pull rod 31 to pass through, and a third through hole 3210 and a fourth through hole 3220 for fixedly connecting the limit sleeve 32 to the force - transmitting swing arm 2.

[0054] The shape of the card slot 312 matches the shape of the engaging portion 3231, and it gradually becomes shallower and then deeper and then shallower again along the rod body of the limit rod. And preferably, its cross - sectional shape is a C - shaped with a smooth curved surface in this embodiment. In other embodiments, the card slot 312 can also be "<" - shaped, but the force - applying effect of this shape is not as uniform as that of the C - shaped, and the noise - reduction effect is slightly inferior to the former. When the force - transmitting swing arm 2 is subjected to a force and drives the limit sleeve 32 to slide on the rod body of the pull rod 31, the pull rod 31 can squeeze the spring assembly 342 to make the engaging portion 3231 move away from the pull rod 31, and then make the engaging portion 3231 cross the previous card slot 312 and fall into the next card slot 312 (partially restricting the rotation of the force - transmitting swing arm 2). In this way, it circulates continuously until the T - shaped limit block 313 of the pull rod 31 is abutted and limited by the tube body of the force - transmitting arm torque tube 21 (completely restricting the rotation of the force - transmitting swing arm 2). According to the above - mentioned movement mode, a limit threshold is defined. This limit threshold is the minimum force required to make the engaging portion 3231 cross the previous card slot 312 and fall into the next card slot 312. And the card slot 312 and the limit pin 323 that achieve the above - mentioned partial restriction are defined as the first limit mechanism, and the T - shaped limit block 313 and the second mounting hole 25 that achieve the above - mentioned complete restriction are defined as the second limit mechanism.

[0055] To improve stability, two sets of opposite card slots 312 and engaging portions 3231 are provided, and two sets of opposite spring assemblies 324 are also provided to clamp the pull rod 31. While enhancing stability, it also prevents the pull rod 31 from rubbing against the force - transmitting arm torque tube 21 to generate noise. Preferably, to improve the damping effect, the limit pin 323 in this embodiment is made of nylon or an elastic material. After fixedly connecting the limit sleeve 32 to the force - transmitting swing arm 2 through the third through hole 3210 and the fourth through hole 3220, the pull rod 31 against which the two - side limit pins 323 abut is substantially perpendicular to the force - transmitting arm torque tube 21 of the force - transmitting swing arm 2. Due to dimensional relationships, when installing the pull rod 31, the pull rod 31 needs to be tilted at a certain angle to push the T - shaped limit block 313 into the second mounting hole 25, and then connect the limit sleeve 32 (as Figure 21 shown).

[0056] The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0057] Please refer to Figure 22 , assuming that the collision protection device is subjected to a collision force F, and the collision force F acts on the protection crossbeam assembly 1. Since the force transmission swing arm 2 and the crossbeam square tube 11 form a rigid protection crossbeam swing arm, they can jointly bear the collision force F -

[0058] 1. The present invention forms a roughly triangular structure by the force transmission swing arm 2, the shock absorption device and the limit mechanism 3, and the limit mechanism 3 has a limit threshold constraint. Thus, when the collision force F (such as the force on the crossbeam square tube 11 caused by driving bumps) is less than the limit threshold, the first limit mechanism on the limit mechanism 3 that has the limit threshold constraint function can absorb this force, so that the rigid protection crossbeam swing arm formed by the force transmission swing arm 2 and the crossbeam square tube 11 does not swing;

[0059] 2. When the collision force F (such as the force on the crossbeam square tube 11 caused by driving bumps, or the force of a slight rear-end collision of the following vehicle) is greater than the limit threshold, the rigid protection crossbeam swing arm formed by the force transmission swing arm 2 and the crossbeam square tube 11 rotates around the bolt connection node (point A in the figure) of the force transmission swing arm 2 and the mounting plate 4 under the action of the force F. During the rotation, since the force transmission swing arm 2 is connected to the shock absorber assembly 5, the shock absorber assembly 5 is compressed, generating a corresponding compression stroke. At this time, the shock absorber assembly 5 will play the role of energy absorption and buffering; at this time, due to the rotation of the force transmission swing arm 2 around point A, the limit sleeve 32 slides on the rod body of the pull rod 31, and the limit pin 323 of the limit mechanism 3 overcomes the elastic force of the spring and falls into the card slot 312. According to the magnitude of the collision force F, the limit pin 323 is located in different positions of the card slot 312 on the pull rod 31; both of them (the shock absorber assembly 5 and the first limit mechanism 3) jointly absorb the collision energy of the collision force F;

[0060] 3. When the collision force F (such as the force of a heavy rear-end collision of the following vehicle) is huge, the rigid protection crossbeam swing arm formed by the force transmission swing arm 2 and the crossbeam square tube 11 rotates around the bolt connection (point A in the figure) of the force transmission swing arm 2 and the mounting plate 4 under the action of the force F. Due to the limited length of the card slot 312 of the limit mechanism 3, after the limit sleeve 32 continuously slides on the rod body of the pull rod 31, finally the force transmission arm square tube 21 is restricted by the T-shaped limit block 313 of the pull rod 31, and the rigid protection crossbeam swing arm cannot continue to rotate. The shock absorber assembly 5 reaches a large compression stroke. At this time, the collision force F is transmitted to the object (such as a motor vehicle frame) equipped with this collision protection device, and this object (such as a motor vehicle frame) and this collision protection device jointly bear the huge collision force; in this case, the shock absorber assembly 5 and the object equipped with this collision protection device are the main bearers of absorbing the collision energy, and the limit mechanism 3 only consumes a small part of the energy impact in the early stage.

[0061] As can be seen from the above description, this embodiment can have different working modes according to the magnitude of the collision force F. When this embodiment is applied in the field of vehicle collision protection, a relatively small collision force F can be a force such as a bump acting on the vehicle body; a relatively large collision force F can be a force generated when the vehicle body is collided by another vehicle.

[0062] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0063] 1. A limiting mechanism is provided, and when a relatively small collision force is received (such as when applied to the rear vehicle of a motor vehicle and affected by road bumps during vehicle driving), no noise will be generated.

[0064] 2. The component assembly has good versatility. For example, the mounting plate 4 can adopt various different structures and forms to adapt to different application scenarios.

[0065] 3. The required installation space is small, without wasting too much space, and the device is small and convenient for installation and disassembly.

[0066] 4. A detachable connection structure is adopted, which is convenient for maintenance and part replacement.

[0067] 5. It has multiple working modes according to the magnitude of the received collision force, fully adapting to different situations.

[0068] 6. It has the functions of energy absorption and buffering, effectively reducing the damage caused by collisions.

[0069] Although the present invention has been specifically shown and described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes made to the present invention in form and detail within the spirit and scope of the present invention defined by the appended claims are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A collision protection device for providing protection to an object to be protected, characterized in that: It includes a protective crossbeam, a force - transmitting swing arm, a shock - absorbing device, and a limiting mechanism. The first end of the force - transmitting swing arm is fixedly connected to the protective crossbeam. The second end of the force - transmitting swing arm is directly or indirectly rotatably connected to the object to be protected. The shock - absorbing device is connected to the force - transmitting swing arm. When the force - transmitting swing arm rotates relative to the object to be protected under a large acting force, it drives the shock - absorbing device to move so as to absorb energy. The limiting mechanism is installed on the force - transmitting swing arm and is used to limit the angular range of rotation of the force - transmitting swing arm. The limitation includes partial limitation. The partial limitation is: providing a limitation threshold. When the force - transmitting swing arm is under a small acting force, if the small acting force is less than the limitation threshold, the rotation of the force - transmitting swing arm relative to the object to be protected is limited. If the small acting force is greater than or equal to the limitation threshold, the rotation of the force - transmitting swing arm relative to the object to be protected is limited within a certain angular range. The limiting mechanism includes a limiting rod and a limiting sleeve. The limiting sleeve is fixedly installed on the force - transmitting swing arm. The limiting rod passes through the limiting sleeve. One end of the limiting rod away from the limiting sleeve is directly or indirectly connected to the object to be protected. One end of the shock - absorbing device is connected to the force - transmitting swing arm, and the other end is directly or indirectly connected to the object to be protected. The limiting mechanism, the force - transmitting swing arm, and the shock - absorbing device form a roughly triangular structure.

2. The collision protection device according to claim 1, wherein: The limitation also includes complete limitation. The complete limitation is: when the force - transmitting swing arm is under a large acting force and / or a continuous small acting force, after the force - transmitting swing arm rotates relative to the object to be protected to the maximum angular range, the rotation of the force - transmitting swing arm is completely limited by abutting against the limit.

3. The collision protection device according to claim 1, wherein: It also includes a mounting bracket. The mounting bracket is connected to the object to be protected. The force - transmitting swing arm, the limiting mechanism, and the shock - absorbing device are indirectly connected to the object to be protected by being installed on the mounting bracket.

4. The collision protection device according to claim 1, wherein: The limiting mechanism includes a first limiting mechanism for realizing the partial limitation. The first limiting mechanism includes: A plurality of card slots linearly arranged along the rod body on the limiting rod; A clamping block arranged in the limiting sleeve and having a shape matching that of the card slot; An elastic element arranged in the limiting sleeve and pushing the clamping block to abut against the card slot with an elastic restoring force; The limitation threshold is: the minimum acting force that can overcome the elastic restoring force and cause the clamping block to disengage from the card slot against which it abuts when the force - transmitting swing arm is under a small acting force, thereby enabling the force - transmitting swing arm to rotate.

5. The collision protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: At least two groups of the card slots and the clamping blocks are arranged facing each other. The clamping block is made of an elastic material.

6. The collision protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cross - sectional shape of the card slot gradually becomes shallower and then deeper and then shallower again along the rod body of the limiting rod.

7. The collision protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism further includes a second limiting mechanism for achieving complete limitation, which includes a stopper disposed at one end of the limiting rod close to the force transmission swing arm. When the force transmission swing arm rotates to the maximum angle relative to the protected object under a large acting force and / or a continuous small acting force, the stopper blocks the force transmission swing arm from continuing to rotate relative to the protected object. The force transmission swing arm is a hollow tube structure.

8. The collision protection device according to claim 7, wherein: The stopper is a T-shaped head disposed at one end of the limiting rod close to the force transmission swing arm, and a limiting hole through which the T-shaped head of the stopper cannot pass is formed in the force transmission swing arm.

9. The collision protection device according to claim 8, wherein: The force transmission swing arm has a hollow inner cavity, and a through hole with a width smaller than the T-shaped head is provided on the outer wall of the force transmission swing arm as the limiting hole. The body of the limiting rod passes through the limiting hole, and the T-shaped head is disposed in the inner cavity.

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