Excavation structures and excavators

Abstract

The present invention discloses an excavation structure and an excavator, and relates to the technical field of buckets. The excavation structure includes an excavation component and a drive control component. The excavation component includes a bucket, a dipper rod and a mounting rod. The drive control component includes a first drive member and a second drive member. The dipper rod is hinged to the mounting rod, and the bucket is rotationally connected to the mounting rod, and the rotation axis is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the mounting rod when the dipper rod rotates relative to the dipper rod; the two ends of the first drive member are respectively hinged to the mounting rod and the dipper rod, and the first drive member can drive the mounting rod to rotate relative to the dipper rod, thereby driving the bucket to rotate relative to the dipper rod through the mounting rod to perform excavation operations, and the second drive member is connected to the dipper rod, and is hinged to the bucket, and can drive the bucket to rotate relative to the mounting rod to switch the bucket to a forward shovel state or a backhoe state. The excavation structure and the excavator can quickly and automatically complete the forward and backhoe switching of the bucket, and have the characteristics of low operating costs and low requirements on operating conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of buckets, and in particular to an excavation structure and an excavator. Background Art

[0002] Excavators mainly rely on the bucket in the working device to carry out earthwork excavation work. According to the different forms of buckets, excavators are mainly divided into front shovel excavators and backhoe excavators. Front shovel excavators are mostly used to excavate materials above the surface, and their characteristics are "forward and upward, forced cutting of soil"; backhoe excavators are mostly used to excavate materials below the surface, and their characteristics are "backward and downward, forced cutting of soil". However, it is difficult to quickly change between front shovel and backhoe in existing buckets, and the change has high requirements on construction conditions and high operating costs.

[0003] In view of this, it is particularly important to develop and design an excavation structure and an excavator that can solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide an excavation structure which can quickly and automatically complete the forward and reverse shovel switching of the bucket and has the characteristics of low operation cost and low requirements on operation conditions.

[0005] Another object of the present invention is to provide an excavator which can also quickly and automatically complete the forward and reverse shovel switching of the bucket and has the characteristics of low operating cost and low operating condition requirements.

[0006] The present invention provides a technical solution:

[0007] In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an excavation structure, including an excavation component and a drive control component, the excavation component including a bucket, a boom and a mounting rod, the drive control component including a first drive member and a second drive member; one end of the boom is used to be hinged to the boom mechanism of the excavator, and the other end is hinged to the mounting rod, the bucket is rotatably connected to the mounting rod, and the rotation axis is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the mounting rod when it rotates relative to the boom; the two ends of the first drive member are respectively hinged to the mounting rod and the boom, and the first drive member can drive the mounting rod to rotate relative to the boom, thereby driving the bucket to rotate relative to the boom through the mounting rod to perform excavation operations; the second drive member is connected to the boom, and is hinged to the bucket, and can drive the bucket to rotate relative to the mounting rod to switch the bucket to a front shovel state or a back shovel state.

[0008] In combination with the first aspect, in a first implementation of the first aspect, the drive control component also includes a third drive member, one end of the third drive member is connected to the second drive member, and the other end is hinged to the bucket to connect the second drive member and the bucket; the third drive member can also be retracted to drive the bucket to move along the rotation axis when rotating relative to the mounting rod, thereby driving the bucket to extend to a switching position or retract to a fixed position, and the second drive member drives the bucket to switch to a front shovel state or a back shovel state when the bucket is in the switching position, and the first drive member drives the bucket to perform excavation operations when the bucket is in the fixed position.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect and its above-mentioned implementation method, in a second implementation method of the first aspect, the drive control component also includes a first angle sensor and a main controller electrically connected to each other, and the main controller is also electrically connected to the third drive member; the first angle sensor is installed on the boom or the mounting rod, and is used to detect a first rotation angle of the mounting rod relative to the boom, and the main controller can control the extension and retraction of the third drive member according to the first rotation angle, so that when the first drive member drives the bucket to rotate, the end of the third drive member connected to the bucket moves with the bucket.

[0010] In combination with the first aspect and its above-mentioned implementation manner, in a third implementation manner of the first aspect, the drive control component also includes a main controller and a second angle sensor electrically connected to the main controller, and the main controller is also electrically connected to the second drive member; the second angle sensor is installed on the boom or the bucket, and is used to detect a second rotation angle of the bucket relative to the mounting rod, and the main controller can control the second drive member to stop rotating when the state of the bucket corresponding to the second rotation angle reaches a front shovel state or a back shovel state.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect and its above-mentioned implementation methods, in a fourth implementation method of the first aspect, the drive control component also includes a locking drive member, the locking drive member is connected to the bucket arm, the second drive member is slidably connected to the bucket arm and can slide along the length direction of the bucket arm; the locking drive member can clamp the second drive member to lock the relative position of the second drive member and the bucket arm.

[0012] In combination with the first aspect and its above-mentioned implementation manner, in a fifth implementation manner of the first aspect, a rotatable connecting hole is provided on the mounting rod, and a rotatable connecting section is provided on the bucket, and the rotatable connecting section can be movably arranged in the rotatable connecting hole to rotatably connect the bucket to the mounting rod; one end of the third driving member away from the second driving member is hinged to the rotatable connecting section to connect the second driving member and the bucket.

[0013] In combination with the first aspect and its above-mentioned implementation methods, in a sixth implementation method of the first aspect, a limit groove extending along the axial direction of the rotated connecting hole is formed on the inner wall of the rotated connecting hole; a limit protrusion is convexly provided on the side of the rotated connecting section, and the limit protrusion cooperates with the limit groove, and the limit protrusion can withdraw from the limit groove when the bucket moves to the switching position, and be clamped in the limit groove when the bucket returns to the fixed position.

[0014] In combination with the first aspect and its above-mentioned implementation methods, in the seventh implementation method of the first aspect, the excavation assembly also includes a rocker arm and a swing frame, the mounting rod, the swing frame, the rocker arm and the bucket arm are hinged in sequence, the first driving member is hinged to the rocker arm to hinge the first driving member and the mounting rod, and the third driving member is hinged to the bucket through the rocker arm.

[0015] In combination with the first aspect and its above-mentioned implementation manner, in an eighth implementation manner of the first aspect, the drive control component also includes a third drive member, one end of the third drive member is connected to the boom, and the other end is connected to the second drive member to connect the second drive member and the boom, and the third drive member can be retracted to drive the second drive member to move along the length direction of the boom, so as to drive the bucket to move along the rotation axis when it rotates relative to the mounting rod, thereby driving the bucket to extend to a switching position or retract to a fixed position, and the second drive member drives the bucket to switch to a front shovel state or a back shovel state when the bucket is in the switching position, and the first drive member drives the bucket to perform excavation operations when the bucket is in the fixed position.

[0016] In the second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an excavator, comprising a boom and the excavation structure, wherein the excavation structure comprises an excavation assembly and a drive control assembly, wherein the excavation assembly comprises a bucket, a boom and a mounting rod, and the drive control assembly comprises a first drive member and a second drive member; one end of the boom is hinged to the boom mechanism of the excavator, and the other end is hinged to the mounting rod, the bucket is rotationally connected to the mounting rod, and the rotation axis is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the mounting rod when it rotates relative to the boom; the two ends of the first drive member are respectively hinged to the mounting rod and the boom, and the first drive member can drive the mounting rod to rotate relative to the boom, thereby driving the bucket to rotate relative to the boom through the mounting rod to perform excavation operations; the second drive member is connected to the boom, and is hinged to the bucket, and can drive the bucket to rotate relative to the mounting rod to switch the bucket to a front shovel state or a back shovel state.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the mining structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention has the following beneficial effects over the prior art:

[0018] The excavation assembly includes a bucket, a boom and a mounting rod, one end of the boom is hinged to the boom mechanism of the excavator, and the other end is hinged to the mounting rod, the bucket is rotatably connected to the mounting rod, and the rotation axis is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the mounting rod when it rotates relative to the boom. The drive control assembly includes a first drive member and a second drive member, wherein the two ends of the first drive member are respectively hinged to the mounting rod and the boom, and the first drive member can drive the mounting rod to rotate relative to the boom, thereby driving the bucket to rotate relative to the boom through the mounting rod, so as to perform excavation operations through the bucket; the second drive member is connected to the boom, and is also hinged to the bucket, and can drive the bucket to rotate relative to the mounting rod, thereby switching the bucket to a forward shovel state or a reverse shovel state. In this way, the bucket connected to the mounting rod is driven to rotate relative to the mounting rod by the second driving member, so as to drive the bucket to rotate to the front shovel state or the back shovel state. The state switching of the bucket can be completed more quickly, and the bucket is driven to rotate by the second driving member. There is no need for manual replacement of the bucket, the operation cost is low, and the construction conditions are low. The state switching of the bucket can be performed on slopes, in pools, etc.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the excavator provided by the embodiment of the present invention relative to the prior art are the same as the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned excavation structure relative to the prior art, which will not be repeated here.

[0020] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are given below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an excavating structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention applied to an excavator.

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of the excavation structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention when the bucket is in a face-up shovel state.

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of the excavation structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention when the bucket is in a facing shovel state and extended to a switching position.

[0025] Figure 4A schematic structural diagram of the excavation structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention when the bucket is in a backhoe state and extended to a switching position.

[0026] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of the excavation structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention when the bucket is in a backhoe state and retracted to a fixed position.

[0027] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of a drive control component of an excavation structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 A partial structural schematic diagram of the rotary connecting section of the excavation structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention when retracting the installation rod.

[0029] Figure 8 A partial structural schematic diagram of the excavation structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention when the rotating connection section extends out of the mounting rod.

[0030] Icons: 100-excavator; 20-boom; 10-excavation structure; 12-excavation assembly; 121-bucket; 1211-rotating connection section; 1212-limiting protrusion; 122-arm; 123-rocker; 124-swing frame; 125-mounting rod; 1251-rotating connection hole; 1252-limiting groove; 13-drive control assembly; 131-first drive member; 132-second drive member; 133-third drive member; 134-main controller; 135-first angle sensor; 136-second angle sensor; 137-locking drive member; 1371-grip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0032] It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings. The orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "left", "right", etc. is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or position relationship usually placed when the invention product is used, or the orientation or position relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. The terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. The terms "include", "comprise" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such a process, method, article or device. Without more constraints, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a..." does not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or apparatus comprising the element.

[0033] It should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "disposed", "connected" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0034] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Example

[0035] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an excavation structure 10 provided in an embodiment of the present invention applied to an excavator 100.

[0036] The embodiment of the present invention provides an excavation structure 10, which can quickly and automatically switch between a forward shovel and a backhoe of a bucket 121, and has the characteristics of low operation cost and low operation condition requirements. The excavation structure 10 can be applied to an excavator 100 and the like.

[0037] Here, taking the excavation structure 10 applied to an excavator 100 as an example, the excavator 100 includes the excavation structure 10 and a boom 20 , wherein the boom 20 is hinged to the excavation structure 10 to cooperate with the excavation structure 10 to perform excavation operations.

[0038] Since the excavator 100 adopts the excavation structure 10 provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the excavator 100 also has the characteristics of being able to quickly and automatically complete the forward and reverse shovel switching of the bucket 121, and having low operating costs and low requirements on operating conditions.

[0039] The structural composition, working principle and beneficial effects of the excavation structure 10 provided by the embodiment of the present invention will be specifically introduced below.

[0040] See also Figure 2-Figure 5 , Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the bucket 121 of the excavation structure 10 provided in an embodiment of the present invention when it is in a face-up state. Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of the digging structure 10 provided in an embodiment of the present invention when the bucket 121 is in a face-up state and extended to a switching position. Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of the bucket 121 of the excavation structure 10 provided in an embodiment of the present invention when it is in a backhoe state and extended to a switching position. Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the bucket 121 of the excavation structure 10 provided in an embodiment of the present invention when it is in a backhoe state and retracted to a fixed position.

[0041] The excavation structure 10 includes an excavation component 12 and a drive control component 13, wherein the excavation component 12 includes a bucket 121, a boom 122 and a mounting rod 125, one end of the boom 122 is hinged to the boom 20 mechanism of the excavator 100, and the other end is hinged to the mounting rod 125, the bucket 121 is rotatably connected to the mounting rod 125, and the rotation axis is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the mounting rod 125 when the mounting rod 125 rotates relative to the bucket arm 122. In other words, the rotation axis of the bucket 121 when it rotates relative to the mounting rod 125 is parallel to the rotation plane of the mounting rod 125 relative to the bucket arm 122, so that the bucket 121 can be switched to a front shovel state or a back shovel state by rotating the bucket 121.

[0042] The drive control component 13 includes a first drive member 131 and a second drive member 132, wherein both ends of the first drive member 131 are respectively hinged to the mounting rod 125 and the dipper arm 122, and the first drive member 131 can drive the mounting rod 125 to rotate relative to the dipper arm 122, thereby driving the bucket 121 to rotate relative to the dipper arm 122 through the mounting rod 125, so as to perform excavation operations through the bucket 121; the second drive member 132 is connected to the dipper arm 122, and is also hinged to the bucket 121, and can drive the bucket 121 to rotate relative to the mounting rod 125, thereby switching the bucket 121 to a front shovel state or a backhoe state.

[0043] In this way, the bucket 121 connected to the mounting rod 125 is driven to rotate relative to the mounting rod 125 by the second driving member 132, so as to drive the bucket 121 to rotate to the front shovel state or the back shovel state. The state switching of the bucket 121 can be completed more quickly, and the bucket 121 is driven to rotate by the second driving member 132. There is no need to manually replace the bucket 121, the operating cost is low, and the construction conditions are less required. The state switching of the bucket 121 can be performed on slopes, in pools, and the like.

[0044] It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the excavation assembly 12 may further include a rocking arm 123 and a swing frame 124, the mounting rod 125, the swing frame 124, the rocking arm 123 and the bucket 122 are hinged in sequence, the first driving member 131 is hinged to the rocking arm 123 to hinge the first driving member 131 and the mounting rod 125, and the third driving member 133 is hinged to the bucket 121 through the rocking arm 123. In other words, the mounting rod 125, the swing frame 124, the rocking arm 123 and the bucket 122 are hinged to form a planar linkage mechanism, and the first driving member 131 drives the rocking arm 123 to rotate relative to the bucket 122, thereby driving the mounting rod 125 to rotate relative to the bucket 122, so as to achieve the effect of driving the bucket 121 to rotate relative to the bucket 122.

[0045] Further, the drive control assembly 13 may also include a third drive member 133, one end of which is connected to the second drive member 132, and the other end is hinged to the bucket 121, so as to connect the second drive member 132 and the bucket 121 through the third drive member 133. The third drive member 133 can also be extended and retracted, thereby driving the bucket 121 to move along the rotation axis when the bucket 121 rotates relative to the mounting rod 125, thereby driving the bucket 121 to extend to the switching position or retract to the fixed position, and the second drive member 132 drives the bucket 121 to switch to the front shovel state or the back shovel state when the bucket 121 is in the switching position, and the first drive member 131 drives the bucket 121 to perform excavation when the bucket 121 is in the fixed position.

[0046] In this way, the bucket 121 switches between the forward and reverse states only when it is in the switching position, so that the extended bucket 121 and the mounting rod 125 and the end of the bucket arm 122 away from the boom 20 have a certain distance, reducing the influence of impurities attached to the bucket 121 on the switching state of the bucket 121 and improving the working stability of the excavation structure 10.

[0047] Taking the bucket 121 switching from the front shovel state to the back shovel state as an example, before the second driving member 132 drives the bucket 121 to rotate, the third driving member 133 drives the bucket 121 to extend to the switching position, such as Figure 3 The second driving member 132 then drives the bucket 121 to rotate so that the bucket 121 switches to the backhoe state, such as Figure 4The third driving member 133 then drives the bucket 121 back to the fixed position, such as Figure 5 As shown, the bucket 121 is rotated relative to the dipper arm 122 along with the mounting rod 125 through the first driving member 131 to perform excavation operations.

[0048] It should be noted that, in other embodiments, the connection relationship between the bucket 121, the third driving member 133, the second driving member 132 and the arm 122 may also be: one end of the third driving member 133 is connected to the arm 122, and the other end is connected to the second driving member 133.

[0049] 132, so as to connect the second driving member 132 and the dipper arm 122 through the third driving member 133, and the third driving member 133 can be extended and retracted, so as to drive the second driving member 132 to move along the length direction of the dipper arm 122, thereby driving the bucket 121 to move along the rotation axis when the bucket 121 rotates relative to the mounting rod 125, so that the bucket 121 extends to the switching position or retracts to the fixed position. In addition, the above-mentioned fixed position and switching position refer to a position close to the mounting rod 125 and a position relatively far from the mounting rod 125, respectively.

[0050] See also Figure 6 , Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of a drive control component 13 of an excavation structure 10 provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] The drive control component 13 may also include a first angle sensor 135 and a main controller 134 that are electrically connected to each other. The main controller 134 is also electrically connected to the third drive member 133. The first angle sensor 135 is installed on the bucket arm 122 or the mounting rod 125, and is used to detect a first rotation angle of the mounting rod 125 relative to the bucket arm 122. The main controller 134 can control the extension and retraction of the third drive member 133 based on the first angle, so that when the first drive member 131 drives the bucket 121 to rotate, the end of the third drive member 133 connected to the bucket 121 moves with the bucket 121. In other words, when the bucket 121 performs excavation operations under the drive of the first drive member 131, the mounting rod 125 rotates relative to the bucket arm 122. The main controller 134 calculates the position change of the connection between the bucket 121 and the third drive member 133 based on the first rotation angle, and changes the extension and retraction amount of the third drive member 133 through the position change, so that the position where the third drive member 133 is connected to the bucket 121 moves with the bucket 121 without affecting the excavation operations of the bucket 121.

[0052] It is understandable that the main controller 134 can also be a general-purpose processor, including a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), a voice processor, and a video processor, etc.; it can also be a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, and a discrete hardware component. The main controller 134 can also be any conventional processor, such as a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), a single-chip microcomputer, etc. Of course, the main controller 134 can also be a relay contactor control system, which uses a combination of control electrical appliances such as switches, relays, and buttons to receive signals and perform functions such as line switching, switching, and adjustment.

[0053] Furthermore, the drive control component 13 may also include a second angle sensor 136 electrically connected to the main controller 134. The main controller 134 may also be electrically connected to the second drive member 132. The second angle sensor 136 is installed on the dipper arm 122 or the bucket 121, and is used to detect a second rotation angle of the bucket 121 relative to the mounting rod 125. The main controller 134 can control the second drive member 132 to stop rotating when the second rotation angle reaches the front shovel angle or the back shovel angle. In other words, when the bucket 121 is in the switching position for state switching, the angle of the bucket 121 relative to the mounting rod 125 is detected by the second angle sensor 136 to control the rotation of the second drive member 132, and when the bucket 121 reaches the front shovel state or the back shovel state, that is, when the second rotation angle reaches the front shovel angle or the back shovel angle, the second drive member 132 is controlled to stop rotating, so that the second drive member 132 drives the bucket 121 to rotate to the front shovel state or the back shovel state.

[0054] Please continue reading Figure 2The drive control assembly 13 may further include a locking drive member 137, the locking drive member 137 is connected to the bucket 122, the second drive member 132 is slidably connected to the bucket 122, and can slide along the length direction of the bucket 122, and the locking drive member 137 can clamp the second drive member 132 to lock the relative position of the second drive member 132 and the bucket 122. In other words, when the first drive member 131 drives the bucket 121 to perform excavation, the second drive member 132 can move relative to the bucket 121 with the bucket 121. The rod 122 slides, and when the third driving member 133 is needed to drive the bucket 121 to extend or retract, the locking driving member 137 can clamp the second driving member 132 to lock the relative position of the second driving member 132 and the bucket rod 122, so that the third driving member 133 can drive the bucket 121 to extend to the switching position or return to the fixed position. In this way, there is no need for the main controller 134 to control the extension and retraction of the third driving member 133, and the third driving member 133 and the second driving member 132 will not affect the excavation operation of the bucket 121.

[0055] It should be noted that in the present embodiment, the locking drive member 137 is a clamping drive member with a clamping claw 1371. When the third drive member 133 is needed to drive the bucket 121 to extend or retract, the locking drive member 137 can clamp the second drive member 132 through the clamping claw 1371 to engage with the second drive member 132, thereby locking the relative position of the second drive member 132 and the bucket arm 122. Of course, in other embodiments, the locking drive member 137 may also be other locking mechanisms, which are not limited in the present embodiment.

[0056] See also Figure 2 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 , Figure 7 A partial structural schematic diagram of the rotary connecting section 1211 of the excavation structure 10 provided by the embodiment of the present invention when it is retracted to the installation rod 125. Figure 8 A partial structural schematic diagram of the rotary connection section 1211 of the excavation structure 10 provided in an embodiment of the present invention when extending out of the mounting rod 125.

[0057] The mounting rod 125 may be provided with a rotation connection hole 1251, and correspondingly, the bucket 121 may be provided with a rotation connection section 1211, which may be movably disposed in the rotation connection hole 1251 to rotationally connect the bucket 121 to the mounting rod 125. This connection method is simple, stable, and has low cost. The end of the third driving member 133 away from the second driving member 132 is hinged to the rotation connection section 1211 to achieve the connection between the second driving member 132 and the bucket 121.

[0058] Furthermore, a limiting groove 1252 extending along the axial direction of the rotating connection hole 1251 may be formed on the inner wall of the rotating connection hole 1251, and correspondingly, a limiting protrusion 1212 is convexly provided on the side of the rotating connection section 1211, and the limiting protrusion 1212 cooperates with the limiting groove 1252, and the limiting protrusion 1212 can retreat from the limiting groove 1252 when the bucket 121 moves to the switching position, and is clamped in the limiting groove 1252 when the bucket 121 retreats to the fixed position. In other words, when the third driving member 133 drives the rotating connection section 1211 to move in the rotating connection hole 1251, the limiting protrusion 1212 retreats from the rotating connection hole 1251 when the bucket 121 reaches the switching position, as shown in FIG. Figure 8 As shown, the second driving member 132 drives the bucket 121 to rotate, so that the bucket 121 switches to the backhoe state, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown; the third driving member 133 then drives the bucket 121 back to the fixed position, at which time the limiting protrusion 1212 returns to the limiting groove 1252 again, as shown Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the limiting protrusion 1212 is used to limit the bucket 121 from rotating relative to the mounting rod 125, so that the bucket 121 can rotate relative to the dipper arm 122 along with the mounting rod 125 through the first driving member 131 to perform excavation operations.

[0059] The working principle of the mining structure 10 provided in the embodiment of the present invention is:

[0060] The excavation assembly 12 includes a bucket 121, a boom 122 and a mounting rod 125. One end of the boom 122 is hinged to the boom 20 mechanism of the excavator 100, and the other end is hinged to the mounting rod 125. The bucket 121 is rotatably connected to the mounting rod 125, and the rotation axis is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the mounting rod 125 when the bucket 121 rotates relative to the mounting rod 122. In other words, the rotation axis of the bucket 121 when the bucket 121 rotates relative to the mounting rod 125 is parallel to the rotation plane of the mounting rod 125 relative to the boom 122, so that the bucket 121 can be switched to a front shovel state or a back shovel state by rotating the bucket 121. The drive control component 13 includes a first drive member 131 and a second drive member 132, wherein both ends of the first drive member 131 are respectively hinged to the mounting rod 125 and the dipper arm 122, and the first drive member 131 can drive the mounting rod 125 to rotate relative to the dipper arm 122, thereby driving the bucket 121 to rotate relative to the dipper arm 122 through the mounting rod 125, so as to perform excavation operations through the bucket 121; the second drive member 132 is connected to the dipper arm 122, and is also hinged to the bucket 121, and can drive the bucket 121 to rotate relative to the mounting rod 125, thereby switching the bucket 121 to a front shovel state or a backhoe state. In this way, the bucket 121 connected to the mounting rod 125 is driven to rotate relative to the mounting rod 125 by the second driving member 132, so as to drive the bucket 121 to rotate to the front shovel state or the back shovel state. The state switching of the bucket 121 can be completed more quickly, and the bucket 121 is driven to rotate by the second driving member 132. There is no need to manually replace the bucket 121, the operating cost is low, and the construction conditions are less required. The state switching of the bucket 121 can be performed on slopes, in pools, and the like.

[0061] In summary:

[0062] The embodiment of the present invention provides an excavation structure 10, which has the characteristics of being able to quickly and automatically complete the forward and reverse shovel switching of the bucket 121, and having low operation cost and low requirements on operation conditions.

[0063] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the features in the above embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict, and the present invention can also have various changes and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the attached claims rather than the above description, and it is intended to include all changes within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims. Any figure mark in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

Claims

1. A mining structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises an excavation assembly (12) and a drive control assembly (13), wherein the excavation assembly (12) comprises a bucket (121), a dipper arm (122) and a mounting rod (125), and the drive control assembly (13) comprises a first drive member (131), a second drive member (132) and a third drive member (133); One end of the bucket arm (122) is used to be hinged to the boom (20) mechanism of the excavator (100), and the other end is hinged to the mounting rod (125); the bucket (121) is rotatably connected to the mounting rod (125), and the rotation axis is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the mounting rod (125) when it rotates relative to the bucket arm (122); The two ends of the first driving member (131) are respectively hinged to the mounting rod (125) and the dipper arm (122), and the first driving member (131) can drive the mounting rod (125) to rotate relative to the dipper arm (122), thereby driving the bucket (121) to rotate relative to the dipper arm (122) through the mounting rod (125) to perform excavation operations; The second driving member (132) is connected to the dipper arm (122) and is hinged to the bucket (121), and is capable of driving the bucket (121) to rotate relative to the mounting rod (125) so as to switch the bucket (121) to a front shovel state or a back shovel state; One end of the third driving member (133) is connected to the second driving member (132), and the other end is hinged to the bucket (121) to connect the second driving member (132) and the bucket (121); The third driving member (133) can also be extended and retracted to drive the bucket (121) to move along the rotation axis when rotating relative to the mounting rod (125), thereby driving the bucket (121) to extend to a switching position or retract to a fixed position, and the second driving member (132) drives the bucket (121) to switch to a front shovel state or a back shovel state when the bucket (121) is located at the switching position, and the first driving member (131) drives the bucket (121) to perform excavation operations when the bucket (121) is located at the fixed position.

2. The excavation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that The drive control component (13) further comprises a first angle sensor (135) and a main controller (134) which are electrically connected to each other, and the main controller (134) is also electrically connected to the third drive member (133); The first angle sensor (135) is installed on the boom (122) or the mounting rod (125), and is used to detect a first rotation angle of the mounting rod (125) relative to the boom (122). The main controller (134) can control the extension and retraction of the third driving member (133) according to the first rotation angle, so that when the first driving member (131) drives the bucket (121) to rotate, one end of the third driving member (133) connected to the bucket (121) moves with the bucket (121).

3. The excavation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive control component (13) further comprises a main controller (134) and a second angle sensor (136) electrically connected to the main controller (134); the main controller (134) is also electrically connected to the second drive member (132); The second angle sensor (136) is installed on the dipper rod (122) or the bucket (121) and is used to detect a second rotation angle of the bucket (121) relative to the mounting rod (125). The main controller (134) can control the second driving member (132) to stop rotating when the state of the bucket (121) corresponding to the second rotation angle reaches a front shovel state or a back shovel state.

4. The excavation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive control assembly (13) further comprises a locking drive member (137), wherein the locking drive member (137) is connected to the bucket arm (122), and the second drive member (132) is slidably connected to the bucket arm (122) and is capable of sliding along the length direction of the bucket arm (122); The locking drive member (137) is capable of clamping the second drive member (132) to lock the relative position of the second drive member (132) and the boom (122).

5. The excavation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that The mounting rod (125) is provided with a rotation connection hole (1251), and the bucket (121) is provided with a rotation connection section (1211), and the rotation connection section (1211) is movably arranged in the rotation connection hole (1251) to rotationally connect the bucket (121) to the mounting rod (125); One end of the third driving member (133) away from the second driving member (132) is hinged to the rotating connection section (1211) to connect the second driving member (132) and the bucket (121).

6. The excavation structure according to claim 5, characterized in that The inner wall of the rotating connection hole (1251) is provided with a limiting groove (1252) extending along the axial direction of the rotating connection hole (1251); A limiting protrusion (1212) is provided on the side of the rotating connection section (1211), and the limiting protrusion (1212) cooperates with the limiting groove (1252). The limiting protrusion (1212) can withdraw from the limiting groove (1252) when the bucket (121) moves to the switching position, and be retained in the limiting groove (1252) when the bucket (121) returns to the fixed position.

7. The excavation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that The excavating assembly (12) further comprises a rocking arm (123) and a swing frame (124); the mounting rod (125), the swing frame (124), the rocking arm (123) and the bucket arm (122) are hinged in sequence; the first driving member (131) is hinged to the rocking arm (123) to hinge the first driving member (131) and the mounting rod (125); the third driving member (133) passes through the rocking arm (123) and is hinged to the bucket (121).

8. An excavation structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises an excavation assembly (12) and a drive control assembly (13), wherein the excavation assembly (12) comprises a bucket (121), a dipper arm (122) and a mounting rod (125), and the drive control assembly (13) comprises a first drive member (131), a second drive member (132) and a third drive member (133); One end of the bucket arm (122) is used to be hinged to the boom (20) mechanism of the excavator (100), and the other end is hinged to the mounting rod (125); the bucket (121) is rotatably connected to the mounting rod (125), and the rotation axis is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the mounting rod (125) when it rotates relative to the bucket arm (122); The two ends of the first driving member (131) are respectively hinged to the mounting rod (125) and the dipper arm (122), and the first driving member (131) can drive the mounting rod (125) to rotate relative to the dipper arm (122), thereby driving the bucket (121) to rotate relative to the dipper arm (122) through the mounting rod (125) to perform excavation operations; The second driving member (132) is connected to the dipper arm (122) and is hinged to the bucket (121), and is capable of driving the bucket (121) to rotate relative to the mounting rod (125) so as to switch the bucket (121) to a front shovel state or a back shovel state; One end of the third driving member (133) is connected to the boom (122), and the other end is connected to the second driving member (132) to connect the second driving member (132) and the boom (122), and the third driving member (133) is capable of extension and contraction to drive the second driving member (132) to move along the length direction of the boom (122), so as to drive the bucket (121) to move along the rotation axis when rotating relative to the mounting rod (125), thereby driving the bucket (121) to extend to a switching position or retract to a fixed position, and the second driving member (132) drives the bucket (121) to switch to a front shovel state or a back shovel state when the bucket (121) is located at the switching position, and the first driving member (131) drives the bucket (121) to perform excavation operations when the bucket (121) is located at the fixed position.

9. The excavation structure according to claim 8, characterized in that The drive control component (13) further comprises a first angle sensor (135) and a main controller (134) which are electrically connected to each other, and the main controller (134) is also electrically connected to the third drive member (133); The first angle sensor (135) is installed on the boom (122) or the mounting rod (125), and is used to detect a first rotation angle of the mounting rod (125) relative to the boom (122). The main controller (134) can control the extension and retraction of the third driving member (133) according to the first rotation angle, so that when the first driving member (131) drives the bucket (121) to rotate, one end of the third driving member (133) connected to the bucket (121) moves with the bucket (121).

10. The excavation structure according to claim 8, characterized in that The drive control component (13) further comprises a main controller (134) and a second angle sensor (136) electrically connected to the main controller (134); the main controller (134) is also electrically connected to the second drive member (132); The second angle sensor (136) is installed on the dipper rod (122) or the bucket (121) and is used to detect a second rotation angle of the bucket (121) relative to the mounting rod (125). The main controller (134) can control the second driving member (132) to stop rotating when the state of the bucket (121) corresponding to the second rotation angle reaches a front shovel state or a back shovel state.

11. The excavation structure according to claim 8, characterized in that The drive control assembly (13) further comprises a locking drive member (137), wherein the locking drive member (137) is connected to the bucket arm (122), and the second drive member (132) is slidably connected to the bucket arm (122) and is capable of sliding along the length direction of the bucket arm (122); The locking drive member (137) is capable of clamping the second drive member (132) to lock the relative position of the second drive member (132) and the boom (122).

12. The excavation structure according to claim 8, characterized in that The mounting rod (125) is provided with a rotation connection hole (1251), and the bucket (121) is provided with a rotation connection section (1211), and the rotation connection section (1211) is movably arranged in the rotation connection hole (1251) to rotationally connect the bucket (121) to the mounting rod (125); One end of the third driving member (133) away from the second driving member (132) is hinged to the rotating connection section (1211) to connect the second driving member (132) and the bucket (121).

13. The excavation structure according to claim 12, characterized in that The inner wall of the rotating connection hole (1251) is provided with a limiting groove (1252) extending along the axial direction of the rotating connection hole (1251); A limiting protrusion (1212) is provided on the side of the rotating connection section (1211), and the limiting protrusion (1212) cooperates with the limiting groove (1252). The limiting protrusion (1212) can withdraw from the limiting groove (1252) when the bucket (121) moves to the switching position, and be retained in the limiting groove (1252) when the bucket (121) returns to the fixed position.

14. The excavation structure according to claim 8, characterized in that The excavating assembly (12) further comprises a rocking arm (123) and a swing frame (124); the mounting rod (125), the swing frame (124), the rocking arm (123) and the bucket arm (122) are hinged in sequence; the first driving member (131) is hinged to the rocking arm (123) to hinge the first driving member (131) and the mounting rod (125); the third driving member (133) passes through the rocking arm (123) and is hinged to the bucket (121).

15. An excavator, characterized in that: It comprises a boom (20) and an excavation structure (10) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 or an excavation structure (10) as claimed in any one of claims 8 to 14, one end of the boom (122) being hinged to the boom (20) mechanism of the excavator (100).

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