Short-body coal shearer for thin coal seams

Abstract

The present invention relates to a short-body coal shearer for thin coal seams, which includes a cutting system, a fuselage housing, a traction system and an electric control system inside the fuselage housing. The electric control system is arranged in the middle, and the left and right traction systems are respectively placed on the left and right sides of the electric control system. The large, medium-sized, small and medium-sized, and small-sized components of the traction system are mainly arranged at the front, middle and rear parts of the fuselage housing. The large and medium-sized electrical components of the electric control system are mainly arranged at the front and middle parts of the fuselage housing, and the small and medium-sized electrical components are mainly arranged at the middle and rear parts of the fuselage housing. The rocker arms of the cutting system are hinged to the left and right ends of the front part outside the fuselage housing by means of oil cylinders. The arrangement positions of the large, medium-sized, small and medium-sized components of the cutting transmission system correspond to the front and middle parts of the fuselage housing in the front-rear direction. The present invention can enable the corresponding coal shearer to be more easily adapted to the mining requirements of thin or extremely thin coal seams in working faces with complex conditions such as low mining height and high coal and rock hardness.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a shearer for thin coal seams, mainly used for mining thin or extremely thin coal seams in working faces with complex conditions such as low mining height and high hardness of coal and rock. Background Art

[0002] For the mining of thin or extremely thin coal seams, the mining height is often low (in some cases, the mining height reaches the required 0.8 m), and the geological conditions are complex (such as the coexistence of coal and rock and high hardness). Therefore, in order to improve the adaptability and reliability of the shearer, it is usually required that the body height of the shearer for thin coal seams be lower and lower, while the installed power be larger and larger. However, with the increase in power, the sizes of components such as motors and drive systems usually increase correspondingly. Therefore, the structural layout of the shearer for thin or extremely thin coal seams is a key point and a difficult point in the structural design of such shearers.

[0003] In the industry, a technical solution has been proposed and gradually used to move large and medium-sized components such as motors and drive gears from above the original scraper conveyor to the side close to the coal wall, that is, to adopt the way of a suspended body to solve the layout problem of large and medium-sized components. This method has been adopted in shearers for relatively thin coal seams. Although it can improve the structural layout problem to a certain extent, for example, it helps to increase the clearance for passing the machine, but at the same time, it brings other prominent problems, including the local structural height of the shearer on the side close to the coal wall is relatively high, the span between the left and right drums is relatively large, the adaptability of the drums to the mining height is poor, the machine surface height of the shearer under the support is high, the coal passing space above the scraper conveyor is small, the adaptability to undulating working faces is poor, the cutting speed range is small, the selection range of cutting parameters for adapting to different hardnesses of coal and gangue is small, and the pump station system usually leads to a further expansion of the distance between the left and right drums due to being arranged in the left and right extended traction housings, etc. Therefore, this solution is still difficult to meet the mining needs of extremely thin or thin coal seams, especially the mining needs of extremely thin or thin coal seams with complex conditions such as low mining height and high hardness of coal and rock. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a shearer with a short body for thin coal seams, which can meet the mining needs of thin or extremely thin coal seams in working faces with complex conditions such as low mining height and high hardness of coal and rock.

[0005] The main technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:

[0006] A shearer for thin coal seams with a short fuselage, comprising a cutting system, a fuselage housing, a traction system and an electric control system arranged in the fuselage housing. The electric control system is arranged in the middle. There are two sets of traction systems, which are respectively placed on the left and right sides of the electric control system. The spaces where the electric control system and the two sets of traction systems are located are independent of each other. The large, medium-sized and small-sized components of the traction system are mainly arranged at the front, middle and rear parts of the fuselage housing respectively. The large and medium-sized electrical components of the electric control system are mainly arranged at the front and middle parts of the fuselage housing, and the small and medium-sized electrical components of the electric control system are mainly arranged at the middle and rear parts of the fuselage housing. The height of the rear part of the fuselage housing is not greater than that of the middle part, and the height of the middle part is not greater than that of the front part. Oil cylinder connection lugs and rocker arm connection lugs are provided on the left and right outer sides of the front part of the fuselage housing. The cutting system includes left and right rocker arms and left and right oil cylinders. One end of the rocker arm is hinged at the corresponding rocker arm connection lug, one end of the oil cylinder is hinged at the corresponding oil cylinder connection lug, and the other end of the oil cylinder is hinged at the corresponding rocker arm. The hinge axis extends in the front-rear direction. A cutting transmission system is provided inside the housing of the rocker arm. The arrangement positions of the large, medium-sized and small-sized components of the cutting transmission system correspond to the front and middle parts of the fuselage housing in the front-rear direction respectively.

[0007] Inside the fuselage housing, a partition is provided between the high-voltage electrical components and the low-voltage electrical components. A large-component disassembly and assembly opening is provided on the front surface of the fuselage housing, and a top disassembly and assembly opening is provided on the top surface. Both the large-component disassembly and assembly opening and the top disassembly and assembly opening are communicated with the space where the large and medium-sized electrical components are located.

[0008] A pump box system is installed on the outer sides of the left and right ends of the rear part of the fuselage housing respectively. The pump box system provides hydraulic pressure for the oil cylinders.

[0009] The cutting transmission system may include a cutting motor, a first speed-changing transmission mechanism, a second speed-changing transmission mechanism, a reduction mechanism and a fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism connected in sequence.

[0010] The traction system includes a high-speed section reduction mechanism, an intermediate section reduction mechanism and a traction motor. The output shaft of the traction motor is coaxially and fixedly connected to the input end of the high-speed section reduction mechanism. The output end of the high-speed section reduction mechanism is coaxially and fixedly connected to the input end of the intermediate section reduction mechanism. The traction motor and the high-speed section reduction mechanism are respectively arranged at the front and middle parts of the fuselage housing. The intermediate section reduction mechanism is arranged at the middle part of the fuselage housing, and its output end is arranged on the outer side in the left-right direction of the input end. The high-speed section reduction mechanism preferably adopts a compact planetary mechanism.

[0011] The short-body coal shearer for thin coal seams further includes two sets of left and right traveling systems. Each traveling system includes a traveling box housing, a driving wheel, a driving wheel shaft, a traveling wheel assembly, a traveling wheel shaft, and a guiding sliding shoe. The traveling box housing is fixed on the rear outer wall of the fuselage housing. The front end of the driving wheel shaft is coaxially and fixedly connected to the output end of the intermediate-stage reduction mechanism. The driving wheel shaft passes backward through the fuselage housing and the traveling box housing and is rotatably supported on the front and rear side walls of the traveling box housing. The driving wheel is coaxially fixed on the driving wheel shaft. The two ends of the traveling wheel shaft are respectively rotatably supported on the front and rear side walls of the traveling box housing. The large gear in the traveling wheel assembly is coaxially fixed to the traveling wheel. The traveling wheel is coaxially installed on the traveling wheel shaft. The large gear meshes with the driving wheel externally. The guiding sliding shoe includes a base and an ear seat located above the base. The base includes a front side wall, a rear side wall, and a top plate connected between the front and rear side walls. A barb is provided at the bottom of the front side wall or the rear side wall. At the left and right ends of the base, a guiding groove extending left and right is respectively formed by the front side wall, the top plate, the rear side wall, and the barb. The guiding sliding shoe is installed at the lower part of the traveling box and is swingably connected to the traveling box housing through an ear hole on its ear seat. The axis of the traveling wheel shaft coincides with the center line of the ear hole. The guiding sliding shoe is provided with a concave surface recessed inwardly towards the inside of the base at each of the left and right sides. The concave surface is located at least at one of the positions of the left and right side surfaces of the ear seat, the left and right top surfaces of the base separated by the ear seat, and the transition joints between the left and right sides of the ear seat and the top surface of the base. The driving wheel shaft is arranged radially close to the concave surface. In the left-right direction, the driving wheel shaft is located between the ear seat and one of the guiding grooves.

[0012] Further preferably, a spline connection is provided between the middle part of the axial direction of the traveling wheel and the traveling wheel shaft, and a clearance fit of the shaft hole is provided between the two ends of the traveling wheel and the traveling wheel shaft.

[0013] One support device can be respectively installed near the left and right ends at the middle part of the fuselage housing. The support device can include a support plate and a sliding shoe. The upper part of the support plate is fixed to the bottom of the fuselage housing. The upper part of the sliding shoe is hinged to the lower part of the support plate through a pin, and the hinge axis extends forward and backward.

[0014] The fuselage housing can be divided into an intermediate section in the middle and traveling support sections on the left and right sides of the intermediate section. In the full-width range in the front-rear direction, the top surface of the intermediate section is lower than the top surface of the traveling support sections, and the bottom surface of the intermediate section is higher than the bottom surface of the traveling support sections.

[0015] The top surface of the middle section can be divided into a front top surface of the middle section, a middle top surface of the middle section, and a rear top surface of the middle section in the front-rear direction; the bottom surface of the middle section can be divided into a front bottom surface of the middle section, a middle bottom surface of the middle section, and a rear bottom surface of the middle section in the front-rear direction; the top surface of the walking support section can be divided into a front top surface of the walking support section, a middle top surface of the walking support section, and a rear top surface of the walking support section in the front-rear direction; the bottom surface of the walking support section can be divided into a front bottom surface of the walking support section, a middle bottom surface of the walking support section, and a rear bottom surface of the walking support section in the front-rear direction; the front top surface of the middle section, the front bottom surface of the middle section, the front top surface of the walking support section, and the front bottom surface of the walking support section correspond to the front part of the fuselage shell, the middle top surface of the middle section, the middle bottom surface of the middle section, the middle top surface of the walking support section, and the middle bottom surface of the walking support section correspond to the middle part of the fuselage shell, the rear top surface of the middle section, the rear bottom surface of the middle section, the rear top surface of the walking support section, and the rear bottom surface of the walking support section correspond to the rear part of the fuselage shell. Both the rear top surface of the middle section and the rear top surface of the walking support section are inclined surfaces with a higher front and a lower rear, and both the rear bottom surface of the middle section and the rear bottom surface of the walking support section are concave surfaces with a concave middle in the front-rear direction.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] The traction system and the electric control system are integrally installed in the same fuselage shell, canceling the structure of connecting conventional split components, making the fuselage of the shearer short and narrow, that is, more compact, improving the adaptability of the corresponding shearer to the undulating working face, and ensuring the overall reliability.

[0018] The large and medium-sized parts in the traction system, electric control system, and cutting system are mainly arranged in area C near the coal wall side and beside the drum, the small and medium-sized parts are mainly arranged in area B under the thin beam of the support, and the small-sized parts are mainly arranged in area A under the thick beam of the support, which can make more reasonable use of space, enabling the low-fuselage high-power thin coal seam shearer to have a lower machine surface height and a larger coal passing space. The overall structure of the fuselage can maintain sufficient clearances with the roof, floor, support top beam, and scraper conveyor, meeting the mining requirements of undulating roof and floor, coal gangue, etc., and ensuring the smooth mining of extremely thin or thin coal seams under complex conditions such as coal and rock.

[0019] Since the cutting system adopts a two-stage variable speed transmission mechanism, the speed change range is greatly increased, and the selection range of cutting parameters for materials with different hardnesses of coal gangue and rock is expanded.

[0020] The traction system adopts a compact planetary mechanism with a large reduction ratio in the high-speed stage, which can reduce the front-rear width dimension of the traction system, ensure the strength and stiffness of the planetary gear shaft, and provide a large reduction ratio, thereby reducing the size of the reduction mechanism in the middle section and increasing its service life.

[0021] By increasing or decreasing the number of transmission shafts included in the intermediate gear assembly and then replacing the fuselage housing with different lengths in the left and right directions, the span between the left and right traveling systems can be adjusted. When the span between the left and right traveling wheels is appropriately increased, the overall stability of the shearer can be improved without causing an increase in the distance between the left and right drums.

[0022] The top and bottom surfaces of the fuselage housing are segmented in the front and rear directions to have different heights to adapt to the environmental space sizes at different positions, which can make there be sufficient and larger effective clearances between the fuselage housing and the roof, floor, roof beam, and scraper conveyor at various places. Therefore, it can better ensure the adaptability of the shearer to undulating conditions.

[0023] Structures such as large-piece disassembly and assembly openings and top disassembly and assembly openings are provided on the local structure of the fuselage housing that houses the electric control system, greatly improving the maintainability of the electrical components of the fuselage of the low-fuselage shearer.

[0024] The use of a compact planetary mechanism can provide a large reduction ratio, which can not only improve the stiffness and strength of its own planetary gear shaft but also help reduce the size of the intermediate-stage reduction mechanism and increase its service life. Correspondingly, the size of the integral drive wheel connected to the output end of the intermediate-stage reduction mechanism can also be smaller. Therefore, it is beneficial to shorten the height difference between the traveling wheel shaft and the drive wheel shaft, and further beneficial to reduce the machine surface height or increase the coal passing height.

[0025] The traveling system of the present invention adopts a double-shaft structure of a drive wheel shaft plus a traveling wheel shaft. The drive wheel installed on the drive wheel shaft has a diameter much smaller than that of the traveling wheel, and the required fuselage thickness is significantly reduced. Therefore, when the machine surface height is the same, the coal passing height is significantly increased. Therefore, it can solve problems such as chain jamming of the scraper conveyor, increased resistance of the shearer, and insufficient effective traction force when the shearer for thin or extremely thin coal seams encounters large pieces of coal, gangue, etc.

[0026] Since a concave surface is provided on the left side and / or the right side of the ear seat of the guiding sliding shoe, the installation position of the drive wheel shaft can be closer to the traveling wheel shaft. Therefore, the height difference between the drive wheel shaft and the traveling wheel shaft in the height direction can be set very small. When the machine surface height of the shearer fuselage remains unchanged, the coal passing height above the scraper conveyor and below the fuselage can be further increased.

[0027] Due to the adoption of an integrated drive wheel, the diameters of the axle and gear parts of the drive wheel can be smaller. The installation method between the walking wheel and the walking wheel axle also determines that the diameter of the walking wheel can be smaller. Therefore, it is possible to implement a walking box with a double-axis structure on a shearer for thin or extremely thin coal seams, which is beneficial for achieving a sufficiently large coal passing height or obtaining a lower machine surface height, and can ensure the normal meshing of the walking system with the scraper conveyor track. Moreover, due to the use of a multi-gear transmission from the drive wheel through a large gear to the walking wheel, compared with the direct drive of the drive wheel to the walking wheel, the gear life can be greatly improved. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0028] Figure 1 Front view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 is Figure 1 horizontal sectional view of;

[0030] Figure 3 is Figure 1 horizontal sectional view of the fuselage shell described in;

[0031] Figure 4 is Figure 1 front view of the fuselage shell described in;

[0032] Figure 5 is Figure 1 sectional view of the fuselage shell described in;

[0033] Figure 6 is longitudinal sectional view perpendicular to the coal wall direction at the middle section;

[0034] Figure 7 is Figure 2 enlarged view of the traction system described in;

[0035] Figure 8 is longitudinal sectional view passing through the axis of the traction motor;

[0036] Figure 9 is Figure 2 enlarged view of the electric control system described in

[0037] Figure 10 is sectional view of the pump box system;

[0038] Figure 11 is front view (left side) of the cutting system;

[0039] Figure 12 is Figure 11 sectional view of;

[0040] Figure 13 is front view of the walking system;

[0041] Figure 14 is Figure 13 the A-A stepped sectional view;

[0042] Figure 15 is Figure 13 the B-B sectional view;

[0043] Figure 16 is the front view of the said guiding slide shoe;

[0044] Figure 17 is the longitudinal sectional view of the said supporting device parallel to the coal wall direction;

[0045] Figure 18 is the longitudinal sectional view of the said supporting device perpendicular to the coal wall direction.

[0046] Reference numerals:

[0047] 1. Body housing; 11. Rocker connecting ear; 12. Cylinder connecting ear; 13. Supporting device installation interface structure; 14. Traveling system installation interface structure; 15. Pump box connecting interface structure; 16. Top surface of the middle section; 161. Front top surface of the middle section; 162. Middle top surface of the middle section; 163. Rear top surface of the middle section; 17. Bottom surface of the middle section; 171. Front bottom surface of the middle section; 172. Middle bottom surface of the middle section; 173. Rear bottom surface of the middle section; 18. Top surface of the traveling support section; 181. Front top surface of the traveling support section; 182. Middle top surface of the traveling support section; 183. Rear top surface of the traveling support section; 19. Bottom surface of the traveling support section; 191. Front bottom surface of the traveling support section; 192. Middle bottom surface of the traveling support section; 193. Rear bottom surface of the traveling support section;

[0048] 2. Traction system; 21 Traction motor; 22. High-speed section reduction mechanism; 23. Middle section reduction mechanism; 231. End gear assembly;

[0049] 3. Electric control system; 31. Large and medium-sized electrical components; 32. Small and medium-sized electrical components; 33. Output wiring cavity; 34. Large part disassembly and assembly opening; 35. Top disassembly and assembly opening; 36. Cable access port; 37. Partition wall;

[0050] 4. Cutting system; 41. Housing of the rocker; 411. Main connecting ear of the rocker housing; 412. Cylinder connecting ear of the rocker housing; 42. First variable speed transmission mechanism; 43. Second variable speed transmission mechanism;

[0051] 5. Cylinder;

[0052] 6. Traveling system; 61. Integrated drive wheel; 62. Traveling wheel assembly; 621. Large gear; 622. Traveling wheel; 63. Traveling wheel shaft; 64. Guide shoe; 641. Base; 642. Ear seat; 643. Concave surface; 65. Connecting plate group; 66. gland; 671. Threaded block; 672. Screw; 68. Positioning pin;

[0053] 7. Pump box system; 71. Pump box; 712. Oil sump; 713. Connecting hole for traveling box; 714. Guide cover; 73. Pump motor; 74. Filter; 75. Pump hydraulic system;

[0054] 8. Support device; 81. Support plate; 82. Fastening screw; 83. Pin; 84. Shoe;

[0055] 91. Roof beam of support; 911. Thin beam of support; 912. Thick beam of support;

[0056] 92. Scraper conveyor; 921. Track. Detailed implementation manner

[0057] The present invention discloses a shearer with a short fuselage for thin coal seams, as Figure 1-18As shown in the figure, it includes a cutting system 4, a fuselage housing 1, a traction system 2 and an electric control system 3 arranged inside the fuselage housing. The electric control system is arranged in the middle. There are two sets of traction systems, which are respectively placed on the left and right sides of the electric control system. The spaces where the electric control system and the two sets of traction systems are located are independent of each other. Therefore, the fuselage housing is provided with multiple cavities. The traction system is arranged differently according to the sizes of its various components in its own space. Generally speaking, the large and medium-sized components, small and medium-sized components, and small-sized components of the traction system are mainly arranged in the front part, middle part, and rear part of the fuselage housing respectively. The large and medium-sized electrical components of the electric control system are mainly arranged in the front part and middle part of the fuselage housing, and the small and medium-sized electrical components of the electric control system are mainly arranged in the middle part and rear part of the fuselage housing. The height of the rear part of the fuselage housing is not greater than that of the middle part, and the height of the middle part is not greater than that of the front part. The division of the front part, middle part, and rear part of the fuselage housing is determined with reference to the front and rear position relationships between the shearer, the support top beam 91, and the scraper conveyor 92 during the cooperation of the three machines. Specifically, the area below the thick beam 912 of the support is designated as area A, the area below the thin beam 911 of the support and extending forward to the rear edge position of the drum is designated as area B, and the area corresponding to the full axial length range of the drum is designated as area C. The front part, middle part, and rear part of the fuselage housing respectively correspond to area C, area B, and area A. In this case, the larger the components in the traction system and the electric control system, the more forward they are arranged. The large and medium-sized components are all located in area C closer to the coal wall side and between the left and right drums. The small and medium-sized components are mainly arranged in area B, below the thin beam of the support. The small-sized components are mainly located in area A, below the thick beam of the support. By allocating the layout positions of the components according to the spatial height, the space can be utilized more reasonably to ensure that the low-fuselage high-power thin-seam shearer can have a lower machine surface height and a larger coal passing space. The overall structure of the fuselage can maintain sufficient gaps with the roof, floor, support top beam 91, and scraper conveyor 92, meet the mining requirements of undulating roof and floor, coal gangue, etc., and ensure the smooth mining of extremely thin or thin seams under complex conditions such as coal and rock.

[0058] The traction system and the electric control system are integrally installed in the same fuselage housing, canceling the structure of connecting conventional split components, making the fuselage of the shearer short and narrow, that is, more compact, making the corresponding shearer more adaptable to the undulating working face, and ensuring the overall reliability.

[0059] Not only are the parts inside the fuselage housing arranged according to their sizes, but the height (or the thickness in the height direction) of the middle part and the rear part of the fuselage housing itself is also designed to be smaller than that of the front part, that is, the smaller the size of the parts installed inside, the smaller the external size of the fuselage housing itself, which can make the fuselage more compact and is more conducive to maintaining a larger gap between the fuselage and the top beam and the scraper conveyor.

[0060] On the left and right outer sides of the front part outside the fuselage shell, there are oil cylinder connection lugs 12 and rocker arm connection lugs 11 arranged in sequence from front to back. The cutting system includes two left and right rocker arms and two left and right oil cylinders 5. One end of the rocker arm is hinged to the corresponding side rocker arm connection lug 11 through the main rocker arm shell connection lug 411, one end of the oil cylinder is hinged to the corresponding side oil cylinder connection lug, and the other end of the oil cylinder is hinged to the rocker arm shell oil cylinder connection lug 412 of the corresponding side rocker arm. The hinge axis extends from front to back, and the telescopic movement of the oil cylinder drives the corresponding side rocker arm to swing in the vertical plane extending left and right.

[0061] Inside the shell 41 of the rocker arm, there is a cutting transmission system. The arrangement positions of the large and medium-sized parts and the small and medium-sized parts of the cutting transmission system correspond to the front part and the middle part of the fuselage shell in the front-back direction respectively.

[0062] Inside the fuselage shell, a partition wall 37 is provided between the high-voltage electrical components and the low-voltage electrical components. Since the size of the high-voltage electrical components is usually larger than that of the low-voltage electrical components, the partition wall not only divides and isolates the high and low voltages, but also divides and isolates the large and medium-sized electrical components 31 and the small and medium-sized electrical components 32. A large part disassembly and installation opening 34 can also be provided on the front of the fuselage shell, and a top disassembly and installation opening 35 can be provided on the top surface. Both the large part disassembly and installation opening and the top disassembly and installation opening communicate with the space where the large and medium-sized electrical components are located. An output wiring cavity 33 can also be provided in the space where the large and medium-sized electrical components are located. These settings above can greatly facilitate the maintenance of the electrical components. Cable access openings 36 can be respectively provided on the outer side walls of the chambers on both sides of the partition wall front and back to facilitate wiring.

[0063] At the left and right ends of the rear part of the fuselage shell, a pump box connection interface structure 15 can also be provided. An external independent pump box system 7 can be respectively installed through this interface structure. The pump box system provides hydraulic pressure for the oil cylinder. The pump box system 7 is located in the space below the thick beam of the support. In this embodiment, the pump box system 7 includes a pump box 71 and a pump motor 73, a filter 74 and a pump hydraulic system 75 installed in the pump box. An oil sump 712 is provided in the pump box. The pump box system 7 has left and right interchangeability. The pump box 71 has connection holes 713 and a guide cover 714 on its entity structure. The connection holes 713 can be used for the installation and fixation of the corresponding side traveling system. The pump box system can be installed with left and right interchangeability, has a compact structure, simple and reliable connection, convenient disassembly and maintenance, and does not occupy the space between the left and right drums.

[0064] The cutting drive system 4 may include a cutting motor, a first speed-changing transmission mechanism 42, a second speed-changing transmission mechanism 43, a reduction mechanism, and a fixed-axis gear transmission mechanism that are connected in sequence. The first speed-changing transmission mechanism 42 and the second speed-changing transmission mechanism 43 can enable the cutting drive system to have a larger speed-changing range. Due to the adoption of a two-stage speed-changing transmission mechanism, the speed change range is greatly expanded, and the parameter selection range for cutting materials with different hardnesses of coal, gangue, and rock is enlarged.

[0065] The traction system 2 preferably includes a high-speed section reduction mechanism 22, an intermediate section reduction mechanism 23, and a traction motor 21. The output shaft of the traction motor is coaxially and fixedly connected to the input end of the high-speed section reduction mechanism, and the output end of the high-speed section reduction mechanism is coaxially and fixedly connected to the input end of the intermediate section reduction mechanism. The traction motor and the high-speed section reduction mechanism are arranged one in front of the other at the front and middle parts of the fuselage shell respectively, reducing the space occupied by the traction system in the left-right direction. The intermediate section reduction mechanism mainly consists of small and medium-sized components, which are arranged in the middle of the fuselage shell, and its output end is arranged on the outer side in the left-right direction of the input end, that is, the output end of the intermediate section reduction mechanism of the traction system on the left is located on the left side of the input end, and the output end of the intermediate section reduction mechanism of the traction system on the right is located on the right side of the input end. Compared with arranging the traction system as a whole at the front of the fuselage shell, it is equivalent to reducing the space occupied by the traction system between the left and right drums. Therefore, the length of the coal shearer fuselage in the left-right direction can be shorter, which helps to shorten the distance between the two drums and greatly improves the adaptability of the thin coal seam shearer to the undulating working face.

[0066] The high-speed section reduction mechanism 22 preferably adopts a planetary mechanism, and further preferably adopts a compact planetary mechanism to maintain a smaller axial dimension, ensure the strength and stiffness of the planetary gear shaft, and also helps to reduce the front-back width dimension of the traction system. The compact planetary mechanism may include a series-connected first-stage planetary mechanism and a second-stage planetary mechanism. The compact planetary mechanism can provide a large reduction ratio, which helps the intermediate section reduction mechanism to reduce its size and increase its service life.

[0067] The intermediate section reduction mechanism 23 is a fixed-axis transmission gear set, which includes a head gear assembly, an intermediate gear assembly, and a tail gear assembly 231 arranged in sequence in the left-right direction according to the transmission direction. The transmission shafts of each gear assembly are arranged in parallel. The input end of the head gear assembly is coaxially and fixedly connected to the output end of the high-speed section reduction mechanism. The intermediate gear assembly contains one gear and the transmission shaft supporting the gear or multiple gears meshing in sequence and the transmission shafts supporting each gear. There is a mounting hole corresponding to each position where the transmission shaft is located. Power is output to the traveling system through the tail gear assembly 231.

[0068] By increasing or decreasing the number of drive shafts included in the intermediate gear assembly and replacing the fuselage housing with different lengths in the left and right directions, the span between the left and right traveling systems can be adjusted. When the span between the left and right traveling wheels is appropriately increased, the overall stability of the shearer can be improved without causing an increase in the distance between the left and right drums.

[0069] A high-torque braking mechanism is provided at the end (which is also the rear end) of the rotating shaft of the front-end gear assembly. When the shearer stops, it is braked by the high-torque braking mechanism to prevent the shearer from sliding down when the working face has a large inclination angle.

[0070] The traction system uses a compact planetary mechanism with a large reduction ratio in the high-speed stage and the traction motor to arrange medium and large-sized components in the space between the shearer drums and below the front of the support, ensuring sufficient effective clearance above, below, and in front of the traction system and between the drums; at the same time, the intermediate-stage reduction mechanism of the traction system arranges small and medium-sized components below the thin top beam of the support to ensure sufficient effective clearance for the shearer to pass above.

[0071] At the rear of the fuselage housing, there is a traveling system installation interface structure 14 for connecting and installing the traveling system 6. There is one such structure on each side of the left and right, preferably set at positions close to the left and right ends of the fuselage housing, that is, maintaining as large a span as possible to improve the traveling stability of the shearer. The traveling system includes a traveling box housing, a drive wheel, a drive wheel shaft, a traveling wheel assembly 62, a traveling wheel shaft 63, and a guide shoe 64. The traveling box housing is fixed to the outer rear wall of the fuselage housing 1. The front end of the drive wheel shaft is coaxially and fixedly connected to the output end of the intermediate-stage reduction mechanism. The drive wheel shaft passes backward through the fuselage housing and the traveling box housing and is rotatably supported on the front and rear side walls of the traveling box housing. The drive wheel is coaxially fixed to the drive wheel shaft. The two ends of the traveling wheel shaft 63 are respectively rotatably supported on the front and rear side walls of the traveling box housing. The large gear 621 and the traveling wheel 622 in the traveling wheel assembly are coaxially and fixedly connected, and the traveling wheel is coaxially installed on the traveling wheel shaft 63. The large gear 621 meshes with the drive wheel externally. The traveling system is located in the space below the thick beam of the support.

[0072] The traveling system of the existing shearer for thin or extremely thin coal seams has only one shaft, namely the drive wheel shaft in the present invention. Its front part is located inside the fuselage, connected to the traction system of the shearer to receive power from the traction system, and its rear part is located inside the traveling system, on which the traveling wheels are directly installed. Considering the requirements of external meshing traveling force and wear, the traveling wheels usually have a relatively large module and diameter. According to the current design rules, the larger the diameter of the gear installed on the drive wheel shaft, the lower the axis of the drive wheel shaft is relative to the machine surface, so the thicker the fuselage thickness is required, and the smaller the coal passing height is under the same machine surface height.

[0073] When the walking system with the dual-axis structure of the driving wheel shaft and the walking wheel shaft of the present invention is adopted, the driving wheel is installed on the driving wheel shaft instead of the walking wheel. Since there is no requirement for the engagement between the walking wheel and the track, the diameter of the driving wheel can be significantly reduced compared with that of the walking wheel. Therefore, the axis of the driving wheel shaft can be significantly raised, and accordingly, the required thickness of the fuselage is significantly thinned. Correspondingly, when the height of the machine surface is the same, the coal passing height is significantly increased. Therefore, problems such as chain jamming of the scraper conveyor, increased resistance of the coal shearer, and insufficient effective traction force when the coal shearer encounters large pieces of coal, gangue, etc. in thin or extremely thin coal seams can be solved.

[0074] The guiding sliding shoe 64 includes a base 641 and an ear seat 642 located above the base and generally in the middle of the left and right length directions. The base includes a front side wall, a rear side wall, and a top plate connected between the tops of the front and rear side walls. A barb is provided at the bottom of the front side wall or the rear side wall. At the left and right ends of the base, a guiding groove extending left and right is formed by the front side wall, the top plate, the rear side wall, and the barb respectively, for cooperating with the track 921 on the scraper conveyor. Wear-resistant layers are provided on the rear surface of the front side wall, the bottom surface of the top plate, the front surface of the rear side wall, and the top surface of the barb. The guiding sliding shoe is installed at the lower part of the walking box housing and is swing-connected to the walking box housing through the ear hole on its ear seat. Ideally, the axis of the walking wheel shaft coincides with the center line of the ear hole. The guiding sliding shoe can have a small amount of end play relative to the walking box housing in the front and rear directions, so that the guiding sliding shoe has sufficient swinging space in the horizontal and vertical directions.

[0075] On the guiding sliding shoe, there are recessed surfaces 643 recessed inwardly into the base on the left and right sides respectively. The recessed surfaces are located at least at one of the positions of the left and right side surfaces of the ear seat, the left and right top surfaces of the base separated by the ear seat, and the transition joints between the left and right sides of the ear seat and the top surface of the base (i.e., the top surface of the top plate). The driving wheel shaft is arranged as close as possible to the recessed surface in the radial direction, and in the left and right directions, the driving wheel shaft is located between the ear seat and one of the guiding grooves.

[0076] The power output by the intermediate stage speed reduction mechanism is transmitted to the driving wheel shaft, and then transmitted to the large gear by the driving wheel. The large gear 621 rotates synchronously with the walking wheel 622. Finally, the walking wheel 622 meshes and rolls on the track within the position defined by the frame opening of the guiding sliding shoe 64. The cooperation of the walking wheel 622, the guiding sliding shoe 64, and the track provides the traction and guiding of the low-fuselage traction system.

[0077] Setting the concave surface can leave space for the driving wheel shaft to be installed closer to the traveling wheel shaft in the radial direction. The closer installation of the driving wheel shaft and the traveling wheel shaft can further reduce the height difference between the two in the height direction. Without changing the height of the machine surface of the shearer body, the coal passing height below the body and above the scraper conveyor can be further increased.

[0078] At least one concave surface is provided, which is located on the left or right side of the ear seat, but preferably one is provided on each of the left and right sides, so that the same guiding sliding shoe can be used for both the left and right traveling systems of the shearer. Further, the guiding sliding shoe is generally a left-right symmetric structure and can be interchangeably installed when used on the left and right traveling boxes of the shearer.

[0079] The concave surface is preferably a straight cylindrical surface, and the generatrix of the straight cylindrical surface extends forward and backward. In the assembled state, the driving wheel shaft is arranged close to the concave surface. The radius of curvature of the concave surface is determined according to the diameter of the driving wheel shaft, and generally should not be less than the radius of the driving wheel shaft.

[0080] The setting of the concave surface makes the top plate or the guiding groove on the side close to the driving wheel shaft in the left-right direction located outside the left or right side of the driving wheel shaft. The dimensions of the top plate and the guiding groove have enough adjustment space and are not restricted by the driving wheel shaft. For example, the length of the guiding groove can be appropriately lengthened, that is, the length of the corresponding wear-resistant layer is longer, which can improve the service life of the guiding sliding shoe to a certain extent. In particular, the thickness of the top plate can be appropriately thickened upward to improve the overall strength of the guiding sliding shoe.

[0081] The ear hole is preferably a waist-shaped hole that is wider left and right and narrower up and down, which is beneficial to providing the space required for the horizontal swing of the guiding sliding shoe relative to the traveling box housing.

[0082] The driving wheel and the driving wheel shaft are preferably an integral structure, which can be called an integral driving wheel 61. Compared with the split structure, the diameters of both the wheel shaft and the gear part can be smaller, the machine surface height can be set lower, and at the same time, there is a larger coal passing height under the body. Without changing the machine surface height, the coal passing height can be further increased. Since the large gear meshes with the driving wheel with a smaller diameter, the traveling mechanism has a larger transmission ratio. Therefore, the dimensions of the relevant structures of the shearer traction system as the front-stage transmission system can be smaller and the service life can be longer. At the same time, due to the multi-gear transmission of the driving wheel through the large gear to the traveling wheel, compared with the direct driving of the driving wheel to the traveling wheel, the gear service life can be greatly improved.

[0083] The driving wheel shaft and the traveling wheel shaft are rotationally supported on the traveling box housing through bearings. The large gear is connected to the traveling wheel through a spline and is axially fixed to each other.

[0084] Furthermore, the traveling wheel is sleeved on the traveling wheel shaft. The middle part of the traveling wheel in the axial direction is spline-connected to the traveling wheel shaft, and there is no axial limit between the two. There is a clearance fit between the two ends of the traveling wheel and the traveling wheel shaft, and the traveling wheel can slide axially along the traveling wheel shaft flexibly. Therefore, the adaptability of the traveling wheel to the track can be improved.

[0085] To ensure sufficient lubrication at the spline connection between the traveling wheel and the traveling wheel shaft, an oil hole can be provided at the front and the rear in the traveling wheel shaft and / or inside the traveling wheel. The external openings of the oil holes are arranged on the corresponding end faces of the traveling wheel shaft and / or the traveling wheel. The front oil hole and the rear oil hole are respectively connected to the spline connection from the front and the rear.

[0086] Due to the setting of the high-speed stage reduction mechanism with a large reduction ratio, the size of the intermediate stage reduction mechanism can be reduced. Correspondingly, the size of the integral drive wheel can also be reduced. The reduction in the sizes of the integral drive wheel and the traveling wheel helps to further reduce the height difference between the drive wheel shaft and the traveling wheel shaft, making it possible to use a traveling box with a double-shaft structure for shearers in thin coal seams or extremely thin coal seams with a very low machine surface height. This not only improves the service life of the traveling mechanism but also finally solves the problem of insufficient coal passing height under the fuselage well.

[0087] The present invention constitutes a traveling box with a double-shaft (drive wheel shaft and traveling wheel shaft) structure. Compared with the existing traveling box with a single-shaft structure, the traveling wheel can be smaller, and a common involute tooth profile can be used for the tooth profile, which is beneficial for achieving a sufficiently large coal passing height and ensuring the normal meshing of the traveling system with the scraper conveyor track.

[0088] The main body of the traveling box can be composed of a connecting plate group 65 and a gland 66 which are buckled and fixedly connected front and back. The two can be positioned by a positioning pin 68 and fixedly connected by cooperation of a threaded block 671 and a screw 672.

[0089] At the middle part of the fuselage shell near the left and right ends, there are also support device installation interface structures 13 respectively for connecting and installing support devices 8. The support device serves as the main fixed support and supports the middle part of the fuselage shell in the front-rear direction from below. The support device includes a support plate 81 and a sliding shoe 84. The upper part of the support plate is vertically inserted into the card slot at the bottom of the fuselage shell and fixed to the fuselage shell by fastening screws, etc. The top surface and each side surface of the upper part of the support plate are in contact with the corresponding surfaces of the card slot. The upper part of the sliding shoe is hinged to the lower part of the support plate by a pin 83, and the hinge axis extends in the front-rear direction. The support device can be vertically disassembled as a whole, with a simple structure and convenient maintenance. The left and right traveling systems are preferably arranged at positions close to the left and right ends of the fuselage shell, that is, to maintain as large a span as possible to improve the traveling stability of the shearer.

[0090] The fuselage housing can be divided into an intermediate section in the middle and walking support sections on the left and right sides of the intermediate section. In the full-width range in the front-rear direction, the top surface of the intermediate section is lower than the top surfaces of the walking support sections, and the bottom surface of the intermediate section is higher than the bottom surfaces of the walking support sections. That is, compared with the walking support sections, the intermediate section has larger gaps with the roof plate, bottom plate, top beam, and scraper conveyor. Therefore, it can better ensure the adaptability of the shearer to undulating conditions.

[0091] The top surface 16 of the intermediate section is divided into a front top surface 161, a middle top surface 162, and a rear top surface 163 of the intermediate section in the front-rear direction, and the heights of these three are decreasing in sequence; the bottom surface 17 of the intermediate section is divided into a front bottom surface 171, a middle bottom surface 172, and a rear bottom surface 173 of the intermediate section in the front-rear direction, and the heights of these three are increasing in sequence; the top surface 18 of the walking support section is divided into a front top surface 181, a middle top surface 182, and a rear top surface 183 of the walking support section in the front-rear direction, and the heights of these three are decreasing in sequence; the bottom surface 19 of the walking support section is divided into a front bottom surface 191, a middle bottom surface 192, and a rear bottom surface 193 of the walking support section in the front-rear direction, and the heights of these three are increasing in sequence.

[0092] The front top surface 161 of the intermediate section, the front bottom surface 171 of the intermediate section, the front top surface 181 of the walking support section, and the front bottom surface 191 of the walking support section correspond to the front part of the fuselage housing, corresponding to the roof plate upward and the bottom plate downward. The middle top surface 162 of the intermediate section, the middle bottom surface 172 of the intermediate section, the middle top surface 182 of the walking support section, and the middle bottom surface 192 of the walking support section correspond to the middle part of the fuselage housing, corresponding to the thin beam of the support upward and the chute side of the conveyor downward. The rear top surface 163 of the intermediate section, the rear bottom surface 173 of the intermediate section, the rear top surface 183 of the walking support section, and the rear bottom surface 193 of the walking support section correspond to the rear part of the fuselage housing, corresponding to the thick beam of the support upward and the chute of the conveyor downward. The rear top surface 163 of the intermediate section and the rear top surface 183 of the walking support section are both inclined surfaces with the front higher than the rear to keep almost equal distances between various parts in the front and rear and the top beam of the support, ensuring sufficient effective clearance above the shearer. The rear bottom surface 173 of the intermediate section and the rear bottom surface 193 of the walking support section are both concave surfaces with the middle concave in the front-rear direction, so as to form a larger coal passing space between the fuselage housing and the chute of the scraper conveyor.

Claims

1. A short-body coal shearer for thin coal seams, characterized in that: it includes a cutting system, a fuselage housing, and a traction system and an electric control system arranged in the fuselage housing. The electric control system is arranged in the middle. There are two sets of traction systems, which are respectively placed on the left and right sides of the electric control system. The spaces where the electric control system and the two sets of traction systems are located are independent of each other. The large and medium-sized parts, small and medium-sized parts, and small-sized parts of the traction system are mainly arranged in the front, middle, and rear parts of the fuselage housing respectively. The large and medium-sized electrical parts of the electric control system are mainly arranged in the front and middle parts of the fuselage housing, and the small and medium-sized electrical parts of the electric control system are mainly arranged in the middle and rear parts of the fuselage housing. The height of the rear part of the fuselage housing is not greater than that of the middle part, and the height of the middle part is not greater than that of the front part. Oil cylinder connection lugs and rocker arm connection lugs are provided on the left and right outer sides of the front part of the fuselage housing. The cutting system includes two left and right rocker arms and two left and right oil cylinders. One end of the rocker arm is hinged at the corresponding rocker arm connection lug, one end of the oil cylinder is hinged at the corresponding oil cylinder connection lug, and the other end of the oil cylinder is hinged at the corresponding rocker arm. The hinge axis extends back and forth. A cutting drive system is provided inside the housing of the rocker arm. The arrangement positions of the large and medium-sized parts and small and medium-sized parts of the cutting drive system correspond to the front and middle parts of the fuselage housing respectively in the front and rear directions. The area below the thick beam of the support in the three-machine cooperation state is denoted as area A, the area below the thin beam of the support and extending forward to the rear edge position of the drum is denoted as area B, and the area corresponding to the full axial length range of the drum is denoted as area C. The front, middle, and rear parts of the fuselage housing correspond to area C, area B, and area A respectively.

2. The short-body coal shearer for thin coal seams according to claim 1, characterized in that: inside the fuselage housing, a partition is provided between the high-voltage electrical parts and the low-voltage electrical parts. A large-piece disassembly and assembly opening is provided on the front of the fuselage housing, and a top disassembly and assembly opening is provided on the top surface. Both the large-piece disassembly and assembly opening and the top disassembly and assembly opening are communicated with the space where the large and medium-sized electrical parts are located.

3. The short-body coal shearer for thin coal seams according to claim 1, characterized in that: a pump box system is installed on the outer sides of the left and right ends of the rear part of the fuselage housing respectively. The pump box system provides hydraulic pressure for the oil cylinders.

4. The short-body coal shearer for thin coal seams according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cutting drive system includes a cutting motor, a first speed-changing drive mechanism, a second speed-changing drive mechanism, a reduction mechanism, and a fixed-axis gear drive mechanism connected in sequence.

5. The short-body coal shearer for thin coal seams according to claim 1, characterized in that: The traction system includes a high-speed deceleration mechanism, an intermediate deceleration mechanism, and a traction motor. The output shaft of the traction motor is coaxially and fixedly connected to the input end of the high-speed deceleration mechanism. The output end of the high-speed deceleration mechanism is coaxially and fixedly connected to the input end of the intermediate deceleration mechanism. The traction motor and the high-speed deceleration mechanism are respectively arranged at the front and middle parts of the fuselage shell. The intermediate deceleration mechanism is arranged at the middle part of the fuselage shell, and its output end is arranged outside the input end in the left-right direction. The high-speed deceleration mechanism adopts a compact planetary mechanism.

6. The short-fuselage coal shearer for thin coal seams according to claim 5, characterized in that: It further includes two sets of left and right traveling systems. The traveling system includes a traveling box housing, a driving wheel, a driving wheel shaft, a traveling wheel assembly, a traveling wheel shaft, and a guiding slide shoe. The traveling box housing is fixed on the rear outer wall of the fuselage shell. The front end of the driving wheel shaft is coaxially and fixedly connected to the output end of the intermediate deceleration mechanism. The driving wheel shaft passes through the fuselage shell and the traveling box housing backward and is rotatably supported on the front and rear side walls of the traveling box housing. The driving wheel is coaxially fixed on the driving wheel shaft. The two ends of the traveling wheel shaft are respectively rotatably supported on the front and rear side walls of the traveling box housing. The large gear in the traveling wheel assembly is coaxially fixed to the traveling wheel. The traveling wheel is coaxially installed on the traveling wheel shaft. The large gear is externally meshed with the driving wheel. The guiding slide shoe includes a base and an ear seat located above the base. The base includes a front side wall, a rear side wall, and a top plate connected between the front and rear side walls. A barb is provided at the bottom of the front side wall or the rear side wall. At the left and right ends of the base, a left-right extending guiding groove is respectively formed by the front side wall, the top plate, the rear side wall, and the barb. The guiding slide shoe is installed at the lower part of the traveling box and is swingably connected to the traveling box housing through the ear hole on its ear seat. The axis of the traveling wheel shaft coincides with the center line of the ear hole. There are concave surfaces recessed into the interior of the base on the left and right sides of the guiding slide shoe. The concave surfaces are located at least at one of the positions of the left and right side surfaces of the ear seat, the left and right top surfaces of the base separated by the ear seat, and the transition joints between the left and right sides of the ear seat and the top surface of the base. The driving wheel shaft is arranged radially close to the concave surface. In the left-right direction, the driving wheel shaft is located between the ear seat and one of the guiding grooves.

7. The short-fuselage coal shearer for thin coal seams according to claim 6, characterized in that: A spline connection is provided between the middle part of the axial direction of the traveling wheel and the traveling wheel shaft, and a clearance fit of shaft and hole is provided between the two ends of the traveling wheel and the traveling wheel shaft.

8. The short-fuselage coal shearer for thin coal seams according to claim 7, characterized in that: One support device is respectively installed near the left and right ends at the middle part of the fuselage shell. The support device includes a support plate and a slide shoe. The upper part of the support plate is fixed to the bottom of the fuselage shell. The upper part of the slide shoe is hinged to the lower part of the support plate through a pin, and the hinge axis extends in the front-rear direction.

9. The short-body coal shearer for thin coal seams according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8, characterized in that: the fuselage housing is divided into an intermediate section in the middle and walking support sections on the left and right sides of the intermediate section. Within the full width range in the front-rear direction, the top surface of the intermediate section is lower than the top surface of the walking support section, and the bottom surface of the intermediate section is higher than the bottom surface of the walking support section.

10. The short-body coal shearer for thin coal seams according to claim 9, characterized in that: the top surface of the intermediate section is divided into a front top surface of the intermediate section, a middle top surface of the intermediate section, and a rear top surface of the intermediate section in the front-rear direction; the bottom surface of the intermediate section is divided into a front bottom surface of the intermediate section, a middle bottom surface of the intermediate section, and a rear bottom surface of the intermediate section in the front-rear direction; the top surface of the walking support section is divided into a front top surface of the walking support section, a middle top surface of the walking support section, and a rear top surface of the walking support section in the front-rear direction; the bottom surface of the walking support section is divided into a front bottom surface of the walking support section, a middle bottom surface of the walking support section, and a rear bottom surface of the walking support section in the front-rear direction; the front top surface of the intermediate section, the front bottom surface of the intermediate section, the front top surface of the walking support section, and the front bottom surface of the walking support section correspond to the front part of the fuselage housing, the middle top surface of the intermediate section, the middle bottom surface of the intermediate section, the middle top surface of the walking support section, and the middle bottom surface of the walking support section correspond to the middle part of the fuselage housing, the rear top surface of the intermediate section, the rear bottom surface of the intermediate section, the rear top surface of the walking support section, and the rear bottom surface of the walking support section correspond to the rear part of the fuselage housing. The rear top surface of the intermediate section and the rear top surface of the walking support section are both inclined surfaces with the front higher than the rear, and the rear bottom surface of the intermediate section and the rear bottom surface of the walking support section are both concave surfaces with the middle concave in the front-rear direction.

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