A seismic exploration gas explosion type source bomb and its use method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of physical explosion source bombs, and in particular to a seismic exploration gas explosion type source bomb and its use method. The structure of the source bomb is as follows: a carbon dioxide filling port, a first exhaust port, and a branch pipe are provided on the pressure vessel, the branch pipe is connected to the pressure vessel, and liquid carbon dioxide is loaded in the branch pipe; the branch pipe is installed in the reaction vessel, and the reaction vessel is filled with quicklime that wraps the pipe therein; the water injection port and the second exhaust port are both provided on the reaction vessel, and the insulation layer wraps the pressure vessel and the reaction vessel therein, and the pressure vessel and the reaction vessel respectively form the inner shell and the outer shell of the source bomb, and the carbon dioxide filling port, the first exhaust port, the water injection port, and the second exhaust port are extended to the ports outside the insulation layer. Valves are provided. The present invention uses carbon dioxide expansion as the blasting medium, and uses water and quicklime hydration to generate heat to detonate, which is simpler than electric blasting, does not consume electricity, and is very suitable for field and underwater seismic exploration operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of physical explosion source bombs, and in particular to a seismic exploration gas explosion source bomb and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The information disclosed in the background of the invention is only intended to enhance the understanding of the overall background of the invention and should not be necessarily regarded as an acknowledgment or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.

[0003] Seismic exploration is a major exploration method in engineering exploration. Its principle is to stimulate seismic waves artificially on the surface. When propagating underground, the seismic waves will be reflected and refracted when encountering the interface of rock layers with different medium properties. The seismic waves are received by detectors on the surface or in wells. The received seismic wave signal is related to the characteristics of the source, the location of the detection point, and the nature and structure of the underground rock layer through which the seismic wave passes. By processing and interpreting the seismic wave records, the nature and morphology of the underground rock layer can be inferred. Therefore, in seismic exploration, the excitation of elastic waves is crucial. So far, there are two main types of seismic sources widely used, one is the explosive explosion source; the other is the physical explosion source. The former includes a source system that uses various explosives, detonators, bullets, etc. to detonate and generate seismic waves (elastic waves, sound waves) required for different seismic exploration purposes. The latter includes a source system that generates seismic waves by hammering, air guns, electric sparks, mechanical vibrations, heavy object ejection, etc. As far as my country is concerned, currently resource exploration mostly uses high-energy explosive blast sources, which are generally detonated by detonators. Due to the disadvantages of explosive blast sources, such as the generation of toxic and harmful substances after the explosion, which leads to environmental pollution, poor transportation and use safety, and the need for special explosion qualifications, their use in seismic exploration is increasingly restricted. In recent years, some gas explosion source bombs have begun to be put into use. For example, methane pure oxygen combustion gas explosion source bombs; for another example, acetylene gas is used as the gas source for the explosion gas, and a small acetylene generator can be used to directly generate gas on site. The calcium carbide (CaC2) used is easy to transport and cheap. Although gas explosion source bombs are more environmentally friendly, they are still very dangerous to use because they use flammable gases and strong oxidizing gases.

[0004] There is a carbon dioxide blasting technology in mining. Carbon dioxide blasting began in the 1950s and began to develop in the United States in the 1980s. It was developed specifically for coal mining faces in high-gas mines to avoid explosion accidents caused by flames generated by explosive blasting. Carbon dioxide gas can be converted into liquid under a certain high pressure. The liquid carbon dioxide is compressed into a cylindrical container (blasting tube) by a high-pressure pump, and a safety film, rupture disc, heat-conducting rod and sealing ring are installed. The alloy cap is tightened to complete the preparations before blasting. The blasting tube, detonator and power cord are brought to the blasting site, the blasting tube is inserted into the drill hole and fixed, and the detonator power supply is connected. When a microcurrent passes through the high thermal conductivity rod, high temperature is generated to break through the safety film, instantly gasifying the liquid carbon dioxide, and the rapid expansion generates a high-pressure shock wave that causes the pressure relief valve to open automatically. The rapid expansion of the volume of liquid carbon dioxide when absorbing heat and gasifying generates high pressure to cause the rock mass to crack. However, the inventors found that this blasting method consumes a lot of electrical energy. If used as a source bomb, the energy usually ranges from hundreds of joules to hundreds of thousands of joules, and the exploration depth ranges from a few meters to several kilometers. The energy of blasting is actually heat energy converted from electrical energy, because carbon dioxide absorbs heat energy when it vaporizes. Without sufficient heat energy continuous input, there will not be enough liquid carbon dioxide converted into gaseous carbon dioxide, and there will not be enough blasting pressure. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention proposes a seismic exploration gas explosion type seismic source bomb and a method of using the same. Different from the carbon dioxide blasting in mines, the present invention uses the expansion of carbon dioxide as the blasting medium and is detonated by hydrating water and quicklime to generate heat. It is simpler than electric blasting, does not consume electricity, and is very suitable for field and underwater seismic exploration operations.

[0006] The first purpose of the present invention is to provide a gas explosion type seismic source bomb for seismic exploration.

[0007] The second purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for using the above-mentioned seismic exploration gas explosion type seismic source bomb.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention object, the technical means adopted by the present invention are:

[0009] Firstly, the present invention discloses a gas explosion type earthquake source bomb for seismic exploration, comprising: a pressure vessel, a carbon dioxide filling port, a first exhaust port, a branch pipe, liquid carbon dioxide, a reaction vessel, quicklime, a water injection port, a second exhaust port and a thermal insulation layer, wherein: the pressure vessel is provided with a carbon dioxide filling port, a first exhaust port and a branch pipe, the branch pipe is connected with the pressure vessel, and liquid carbon dioxide is loaded in the branch pipe as an explosive working medium; the branch pipe is installed in the reaction vessel, and the reaction vessel is filled with quicklime as an energy storage working medium, and the quicklime wraps the branch pipe therein; the water injection port and the second exhaust port are both arranged on the reaction vessel, the thermal insulation layer wraps the pressure vessel and the reaction vessel therein, the pressure vessel and the reaction vessel respectively form an inner shell and an outer shell of the earthquake source bomb, the other end ports of the carbon dioxide filling port, the first exhaust port, the water injection port and the second exhaust port each extend to the outside of the thermal insulation layer, and valves are arranged on these ports to control the filling and exhaust of raw materials.

[0010] Furthermore, the liquid carbon dioxide may also be replaced by solid carbon dioxide / dry ice.

[0011] Further, the pressure vessel is an annular pipe, one end of each of the carbon dioxide filling port and the first exhaust port is connected to the annular pipe, and the carbon dioxide filling port and the first exhaust port are arranged side by side, and the branch pipe is arranged on the opposite side of the carbon dioxide filling port / first exhaust port.

[0012] Furthermore, the pipes constituting the annular pipe include any one of a circular pipe, a square pipe and the like.

[0013] Furthermore, the shape of the annular pipe is any one of a circular ring, a square ring, an elliptical ring, etc.

[0014] Furthermore, the branch pipe is a "U"-shaped pipe, and both openings thereof are connected to the pressure container.

[0015] Furthermore, the branch pipe is any one of a straight pipe, a serpentine pipe, etc., and the branch pipe is a tubular structure with one end open and the other end closed, and the open end is connected to the pressure vessel.

[0016] Furthermore, the material of the pressure vessel includes any one of alloy, plastic and the like.

[0017] Furthermore, the material of the reaction container includes any one of alloy, plastic and the like.

[0018] Furthermore, the material of the thermal insulation layer is thermal insulation cotton or the like.

[0019] Furthermore, solid sodium hydroxide, alkali metal peroxides, etc. (such as sodium peroxide) may be used instead of calcium oxide. These substances will react with water to generate a large amount of heat when in contact with water, so as to continuously and quickly heat the working fluid.

[0020] Secondly, the present invention discloses a method for using the seismic exploration gas explosion type source bomb, comprising the following steps:

[0021] (1) Install the seismic bomb in place. When it needs to be detonated, water is injected from the water injection port. At the same time, the second exhaust port needs to be opened to facilitate the smooth injection of water. After water injection, the valves of the water injection port and the exhaust port are closed.

[0022] (2) The reaction between water and quicklime releases a large amount of heat, which heats the blasting medium in the branch pipe. As the amount of blasting medium vaporized continues to increase, the pressure continues to rise. When it is close to being completely vaporized, the pressure exceeds the pressure bearing capacity of the pressure vessel, causing the pressure vessel, that is, the inner shell, to rupture, instantly forming a high-pressure area, thereby generating a shock wave, which becomes the source of the vibration wave.

[0023] Furthermore, in step (2), the weight ratio of the injected amount of water to the energy storage medium is greater than 9:28.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] (1) The present invention uses carbon dioxide as the blasting medium and uses water and quicklime to generate heat to detonate it. It can continuously input heat energy to convert liquid carbon dioxide into a sufficient amount of gaseous carbon dioxide to form a sufficiently large blasting pressure. It is simpler than electric blasting, does not consume electricity, and is very suitable for operations in relatively simple and harsh environments such as outdoors and underwater.

[0026] (2) Since the seismic source bomb of the present invention can be detonated by simply adding water, the seismic source bomb of the present invention can make full use of the water resources provided by field operations and underwater operations, and conveniently realize the detonation of the seismic source bomb.

[0027] (3) During the detonation process, the temperature outside the pressure vessel and branch pipe of the seismic source bomb of the present invention continues to rise, but the temperature inside the pipe is kept very low due to the gasification of carbon dioxide, which is conducive to the rapid transfer of heat from the energy storage medium to the liquid carbon dioxide to accelerate the detonation.

[0028] (4) The gas explosion type earthquake source bomb of the present invention not only has low energy consumption, convenient storage and transportation, but also has the characteristics of being environmentally friendly and low cost, and is more suitable for practical applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0030] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a gas explosion type source bomb for seismic exploration in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] The symbols in the above drawings represent respectively: 1-pressure vessel, 2-carbon dioxide filling port, 3-first exhaust port, 4-branch pipe, 5-liquid carbon dioxide, 6-reaction container, 7-quicklime, 8-water injection port, 9-second exhaust port, 10-insulation layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are all illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0033] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0034] For the convenience of description, if the words "up", "down", "left" and "right" appear in the present invention, they only indicate that they are consistent with the up, down, left and right directions of the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element needs to have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0035] Terminology explanation section: The terms "install", "connect", "connect", "fixed" and the like in the present invention should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral whole; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be an internal connection between two elements, or an interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0036] As mentioned above, the existing carbon dioxide blasting method consumes a lot of electrical energy. If used as a seismic source bomb, the energy usually ranges from hundreds of joules to hundreds of thousands of joules, and the exploration depth ranges from a few meters to several kilometers. The energy of the blasting is actually the heat energy converted from electrical energy, because carbon dioxide absorbs heat energy when it gasifies. Without sufficient continuous input of heat energy, there will not be enough liquid carbon dioxide converted into gaseous carbon dioxide, and there will not be enough blasting pressure. Therefore, the present invention proposes a seismic exploration gas explosion type seismic source bomb and its use method; the present invention is further described in conjunction with the drawings and specific implementation methods of the specification.

[0037] First embodiment ,refer to Figure 1 , an example of a seismic exploration gas explosion type source bomb designed by the present invention and a method of using the same, including: a pressure vessel 1, a carbon dioxide filling port 2, a first exhaust port 3, a branch pipe 4, liquid carbon dioxide 5, a reaction container 6, quicklime 7, a water injection port 8, a second exhaust port 9 and an insulation layer 10.

[0038] The pressure vessel 1 (made of 304 stainless steel) serves as an inner shell, on which a carbon dioxide filling port 2, a first exhaust port 3, and a branch pipe 4 are arranged. The branch pipe 4 is connected to the pressure vessel 1, and liquid carbon dioxide 5 is loaded in the branch pipe 4 as an explosive medium; the branch pipe 4 is installed in a reaction vessel 6 (made of 304 stainless steel), and the reaction vessel 6 serves as an outer shell, which is filled with quicklime 7 as an energy storage medium, and the quicklime wraps the tube 4 therein; the water injection port 8 and the second exhaust port 9 are both arranged on the reaction vessel 6, and the insulation layer 10 (made of insulation cotton) wraps the pressure vessel 1 and the reaction vessel 6 therein, and the pressure vessel 1 and the reaction vessel 6 respectively form the inner shell and the outer shell of the seismic source bomb, and the other end ports of the carbon dioxide filling port 2, the first exhaust port 3, the water injection port 8, and the second exhaust port 9 extend to the outside of the insulation layer 10, and valves are arranged on these ports to control the filling and exhaust of raw materials.

[0039] Before use, the blasting medium is charged into the branch pipe 4 from the carbon dioxide filling port 2. During the charging, the valve on the first exhaust port 3 is opened to discharge the gas in the pressure vessel 1 and the branch pipe 4, so as to ensure the smooth charging of the blasting medium. After the charging is completed, the valves of the carbon dioxide filling port 2 and the first exhaust port 3 are closed, and quicklime has been prefabricated in the reaction vessel 6 in advance; the charging amount of the blasting medium is mainly determined according to the blasting pressure of the pressure vessel; the weight ratio of the injected amount of water to the energy storage medium is greater than 9:28.

[0040] Then install the source bomb filled with blasting medium in place. When detonation is required, water is injected from the water injection port 8. While injecting water, the second exhaust port 10 needs to be opened to facilitate the smooth injection of water. After water injection, the valves of the water injection port 9 and the exhaust port 10 are closed.

[0041] Finally, the reaction between water and quicklime releases a large amount of heat to heat the blasting medium in the branch pipe 4. As the amount of blasting medium vaporized continues to increase, the pressure continues to rise. When it is close to being completely vaporized, the pressure exceeds the pressure bearing capacity of the pressure vessel 1, causing the pressure vessel, i.e., the inner shell, to rupture, instantly forming a high-pressure area, thereby generating a shock wave, which becomes the source of the vibration wave.

[0042] It is understandable that, based on the first embodiment, technical solutions including but not limited to the following may be derived to solve different technical problems and achieve different invention purposes. Specific examples are as follows:

[0043] Second embodiment The pressure vessel 1 is an annular pipe, and the pipes constituting the annular pipe are circular pipes. One end of each of the carbon dioxide filling port 2 and the first exhaust port 3 is connected to the annular pipe, and the carbon dioxide filling port 2 and the first exhaust port 3 are arranged side by side, and the branch pipe 4 is arranged on the opposite side of the carbon dioxide filling port 2 and the first exhaust port 3.

[0044] Third embodiment The pressure vessel 1 is an annular pipe, the shape of the annular pipe is a circular ring, and the pipes constituting the annular pipe are square pipes. One end of each of the carbon dioxide filling port 2 and the first exhaust port 3 is connected to the annular pipe, and the carbon dioxide filling port 2 and the first exhaust port 3 are arranged side by side, and the branch pipe 4 is arranged on the opposite side of the carbon dioxide filling port 2 and the first exhaust port 3.

[0045] Fourth embodiment The pressure vessel 1 is an annular pipe, the shape of the annular pipe is an elliptical ring, the pipes constituting the annular pipe are circular pipes, one end of each of the carbon dioxide filling port 2 and the first exhaust port 3 is connected to the annular pipe, and the carbon dioxide filling port 2 and the first exhaust port 3 are arranged side by side, and the branch pipe 4 is arranged on the opposite side of the carbon dioxide filling port 2 and the first exhaust port 3.

[0046] Fifth embodiment , the branch pipe 4 is a "U"-shaped pipe, and its two openings are both connected to the pressure vessel 1. The "U"-shaped pipe has a larger contact surface with the energy storage medium, which is convenient for heat transfer and further increases the detonation pressure. In addition, in some embodiments, the branch pipe 4 also adopts a straight pipe or a serpentine pipe. This type of branch pipe is a tubular structure with one end open and the other end closed, and the open end is connected to the pressure vessel.

[0047] Sixth embodiment , using dry ice to replace the liquid carbon dioxide as the blasting medium. Using solid sodium hydroxide to replace calcium oxide as the energy storage medium, this type of substance will react with water to generate a large amount of heat when it comes into contact with water, and can also play a role in continuously and quickly heating the medium to detonate the source bomb.

[0048] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gas explosion type seismic source bomb for seismic exploration, characterized in that: include: A pressure vessel, a carbon dioxide filling port, a first exhaust port, a branch pipe, liquid carbon dioxide, a reaction vessel, quicklime, a water injection port, a second exhaust port and a thermal insulation layer; the pressure vessel is an annular pipe, the pipes constituting the annular pipe include any one of a circular pipe and a square pipe, the shape of the annular pipe is any one of a circular ring, a square ring and an elliptical ring, the pressure vessel is provided with a carbon dioxide filling port, a first exhaust port and a branch pipe, the branch pipe is connected to the pressure vessel, and liquid carbon dioxide is loaded in the branch pipe; the branch pipe is installed in the reaction vessel, and the reaction vessel is filled with quicklime, and the quicklime wraps the pipe therein; the water injection port and the second exhaust port are both arranged on the reaction vessel, the thermal insulation layer wraps the pressure vessel and the reaction vessel therein, the other end ports of the carbon dioxide filling port, the first exhaust port, the water injection port and the second exhaust port each extend to the outside of the thermal insulation layer, and valves are arranged on these ports.

2. The seismic exploration gas explosion source bomb according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of each of the carbon dioxide filling port and the first exhaust port is communicated with the annular pipe, and the carbon dioxide filling port and the first exhaust port are arranged side by side, and the branch pipe is arranged on the opposite side of the carbon dioxide filling port.

3. The seismic exploration gas explosion source bomb according to claim 1, characterized in that: The branch pipe is a "U"-shaped pipe, and both openings thereof are connected to the pressure vessel; Alternatively, the branch pipe is any one of a straight pipe and a serpentine pipe, and the branch pipe is a tubular structure with one end open and the other end closed, and the open end is connected to the pressure vessel.

4. The seismic exploration gas explosion source bomb according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the pressure vessel includes any one of alloy and plastic; Alternatively, the material of the reaction container includes any one of alloy and plastic; Alternatively, the thermal insulation layer is made of thermal insulation cotton.

5. The seismic exploration gas explosion source bomb according to claim 1, characterized in that: Solid carbon dioxide is used as the blasting medium instead of the liquid carbon dioxide.

6. The method for using the gas explosion type seismic source bomb for seismic exploration according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) Install the source bomb in place. When it needs to be detonated, water is injected from the water injection port. At the same time, the second exhaust port needs to be opened to facilitate the smooth injection of water. After water injection, the valves of the water injection port and the exhaust port are closed; (2) The reaction between water and quicklime releases a large amount of heat, which heats the blasting medium in the branch pipe. The pressure vessel ruptures, forming a high-pressure area instantly, generating shock waves, and becoming the source of vibration waves.

7. The method for using the gas explosion type seismic source bomb for seismic exploration according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step (2), the weight ratio of the injected amount of water to the energy storage medium is greater than 9:28.

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