Shock absorber, shock absorbing system and vehicle

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of automobile shock absorption, and in particular to a shock absorber, a shock absorption system and a vehicle. The shock absorber includes a piston mechanism, a working cylinder, a first cylinder barrel and a second pressure storage cylinder; the piston mechanism includes a piston cylinder, the piston cylinder is movably arranged in the cylinder cavity of the working cylinder, and the piston cylinder divides the cylinder cavity of the working cylinder into an upper cavity and a lower cavity, and the lower cavity is connected to the cylinder cavity of the second pressure storage cylinder; a first strip-shaped flow zone is provided on the working cylinder, and a second strip-shaped flow zone is provided on the piston cylinder; when the piston cylinder moves in the working cylinder, the on-off state between the upper cavity, the first cylinder barrel and the lower cavity can be changed; the first strip-shaped flow zone is provided with a one-way damping structure to generate damping when the fluid flows from the first cylinder barrel to the lower cavity of the working cylinder. When the movement stroke of the piston cylinder is increased, the present invention can ensure the damping effect of the shock absorber and is easy to adjust.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of automobile shock absorption, and in particular to a shock absorber, a shock absorption system and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Existing shock absorbers generally use hydraulic shock absorbers. The relationship between the damping amount and the movement speed of the piston rod has always been a technical problem. If the damping force is too small, the compressed shock absorber spring will rebound too quickly, forcing the tire to hit the ground and produce a lot of vibration and noise. If the damping force is too large, the shock absorber spring will rebound too slowly, which will affect the shock absorption of the shock absorber spring by secondary compression. If there are continuous potholes on the road, the shock absorber spring will not end the first working stroke, and the secondary compression will start again. The adverse consequence is that the spring force cannot be released, the shock absorber spring becomes harder each time, and the impact on the ground increases, which is prone to adverse consequences such as bumpy ride, increased fuel consumption, tire blowout, side slip, and increased road maintenance costs.

[0003] In theory, a softer shock absorber spring will improve the relationship between the shock absorber spring and damping to a great extent, thereby improving comfort, but this will affect the car's handling, especially when turning sharply or braking suddenly on a curve, which can easily cause the vehicle to tilt more severely. A harder shock absorber spring can improve the car's operability, but it affects comfort. This is the current situation of shock absorbers, where comfort and handling cannot be taken into account at the same time. For shock absorbers with softer shock absorber springs, there is an urgent need to improve their handling. Summary of the invention

[0004] An object of the present invention is to provide a shock absorber, a shock absorbing system and a vehicle, so as to improve the handling performance of the shock absorber with a softer shock absorbing spring.

[0005] The objective of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a shock absorber, which comprises a piston mechanism, a working cylinder, a first cylinder barrel and a second pressure storage cylinder; the piston mechanism comprises a piston cylinder, the piston cylinder is movably arranged in the cylinder cavity of the working cylinder, and the piston cylinder divides the cylinder cavity of the working cylinder into an upper cavity and a lower cavity, and the lower cavity is connected with the cylinder cavity of the second pressure storage cylinder; the working cylinder is provided with a first strip-shaped flow area, and the first strip-shaped flow area is connected with the cylinder cavity of the first cylinder barrel; the piston cylinder is provided with a second strip-shaped flow area, and the second strip-shaped flow area is connected with the lower cavity;

[0007] When the piston cylinder moves in the working cylinder, the on-off state between the upper chamber, the first cylinder barrel and the lower chamber can be changed;

[0008] The first strip-shaped flow area is provided with a one-way damping structure for generating damping when the fluid flows from the first cylinder barrel to the lower chamber of the working cylinder.

[0009] Furthermore, the piston mechanism also includes a piston rod and a piston pump structure arranged at the lower end of the piston rod, and the piston cylinder is fixed on the piston rod; during the reciprocating motion of the piston rod, fluid can be sucked into the lower chamber from the outside through the piston pump structure.

[0010] Further, the piston pump structure includes a flow ball, a first one-way valve and a piston installed at the lower end of the piston rod, the piston rod has a first rod cavity, the side wall of the first rod cavity has a lower cavity inlet and outlet hole connected to the lower cavity, and the lower end of the first rod cavity has an opening; the flow ball is arranged at the opening, and when the flow ball moves in the direction of the upper end of the first rod cavity, the opening can be opened; a bottom through hole is opened at the bottom of the lower cavity of the lower cavity; the first one-way valve is arranged at the bottom through hole, and when the first one-way valve moves in the direction of the upper end of the first rod cavity, the bottom through hole can be opened.

[0011] Furthermore, the piston rod also has a second rod cavity, and the second rod cavity and the first rod cavity are separated by a partition seat, and a seat through hole is provided on the partition seat, and a capillary is installed in the second rod cavity, and the lower end of the capillary is connected with the seat through hole, so that the tube cavity of the capillary is connected with the first rod cavity; a second flow gap is formed between the outer wall of the capillary and the inner wall of the second rod cavity; the cavity wall of the second rod cavity has an upper cavity inlet and outlet hole connected with the upper cavity, and the upper cavity and the lower cavity are separated by the cylinder cover of the piston cylinder, and the cylinder cover of the piston cylinder is located between the upper cavity inlet and outlet hole and the lower cavity inlet and outlet hole.

[0012] Furthermore, the shock absorber also includes a secondary pressure cylinder, which is arranged at the bottom of the working cylinder; the secondary pressure cylinder includes a first cylinder body, a cylinder ring and a cylinder base with an axial cavity; the cylinder ring and the cylinder base are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the first cylinder body to form a third pressure storage chamber together with the cylinder wall of the working cylinder; the cylinder ring is connected with an inlet and outlet pipe, the upper end of the inlet and outlet pipe is connected to the lower chamber, and the lower end of the inlet and outlet pipe is connected to the third pressure storage chamber; the axial cavity is connected to the bottom through hole, and the piston at the lower end of the piston rod can extend into the axial cavity.

[0013] Further, the piston cylinder can move along the axial direction of the working cylinder, and / or the piston cylinder can rotate around the axis of the piston cylinder itself;

[0014] The length of the first strip-shaped flow area is less than or equal to the axial length of the piston cylinder;

[0015] The first strip-shaped flow-through region includes at least one strip-shaped groove and / or a plurality of holes arranged in a strip shape, and the second strip-shaped flow-through region includes at least one strip-shaped groove and / or a plurality of holes arranged in a strip shape.

[0016] Furthermore, the one-way damping structure includes a plurality of elastic baffles, and the plurality of elastic baffles are arranged along the length direction of the first strip-shaped flow-through area.

[0017] Furthermore, the shock absorber also includes a first sliding bearing arranged in the lower chamber, the first sliding bearing is slidably arranged on the piston rod, and the first sliding bearing can move axially along the working cylinder; the first sliding bearing has a first flow gap so that the fluid can flow between two opposite sides of the first sliding bearing.

[0018] Furthermore, the shock absorber also includes an air storage cylinder, and a first exhaust hole is provided on the working cylinder. The first exhaust hole is located above the first strip-shaped flow area, and the first exhaust hole is communicated with the air storage cylinder.

[0019] The present invention also provides a shock absorption system, which includes a damping valve and the shock absorber, wherein the damping valve has a first valve port and a second valve port, wherein the first valve port is connected to the upper chamber to generate damping for the fluid flowing out of the upper chamber; and the second valve port is connected to the lower chamber.

[0020] Further, the damping valve includes a first valve housing, a first spring and a first damping plate; the first valve port and the second valve port are respectively opened on the first valve housing; the first damping plate is provided with a main through hole and a plurality of secondary through holes distributed around the main through hole, and when the fluid flows from the first valve port to the second valve port, the secondary through holes are blocked by the first valve housing; when the fluid flows from the second valve port to the first valve port, the secondary through holes are opened.

[0021] Furthermore, the shock absorbing system also includes a shock absorbing valve, and the second valve port is connected to the lower chamber through the shock absorbing valve.

[0022] Further, the shock-absorbing valve comprises a second valve housing, a piston assembly and an exhaust plug; the second valve housing is provided with a third valve port, a fourth valve port, a fifth valve port and a sixth valve port; the piston assembly divides the inner cavity of the second valve housing into a first valve cavity and a second valve cavity;

[0023] The piston assembly moves in the inner cavity of the second valve housing, and can control the opening and closing between the third valve port and the fourth valve port, and can control the opening and closing between the fifth valve port and the sixth valve port;

[0024] The second valve housing is also provided with a first air port and a second air port, the first air port and the second air port are connected through the inner cavity of the piston assembly; the piston assembly is provided with a second exhaust hole, the movement of the exhaust plug in the second valve cavity can control the opening and closing of the second exhaust hole, so as to control the opening and closing between the second valve cavity and the inner cavity of the piston assembly;

[0025] The second valve port is connected to the third valve port through a connecting pipe, the fourth valve port is connected to the sixth valve port through a connecting pipe; the fifth valve port is connected to the lower chamber through a connecting pipe;

[0026] The first air port is communicated with the lower cavity through a connecting pipe.

[0027] The present invention also provides a vehicle, which includes a body, a steerable wheel connected to the body, and the shock absorbing system; the piston cylinder is connected to the body, and the working cylinder is connected to the wheel, so that the working cylinder can rotate relative to the piston cylinder when the wheel turns.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following advantages:

[0029] The shock absorber, shock absorbing system and vehicle provided by the present invention are configured such that a first strip-shaped flow area is provided on the working cylinder, a second strip-shaped flow area is provided on the piston cylinder, and then the on-off state between the upper chamber, the first cylinder barrel and the lower chamber is changed by the movement of the piston cylinder in the working cylinder. Since the first strip-shaped flow area and the second strip-shaped flow area are both strip-shaped, the piston cylinder can move within a larger stroke range to gradually change the on-off state between the upper chamber, the first cylinder barrel and the lower chamber, and the one-way damping structure generates damping when the fluid flows from the first cylinder barrel to the lower chamber of the working cylinder, thereby increasing the movement stroke of the piston cylinder, which can ensure the damping effect of the shock absorber, is conducive to adapting a softer shock absorbing spring, and is conducive to improving the handling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a shock absorber provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the shock absorber provided in the first embodiment of the present invention when the first cylinder and the second pressure storage cylinder are not installed;

[0033] Figure 3 An exploded view of the piston mechanism in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the auxiliary pressure cylinder in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the shock absorber in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a shock absorber provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shock absorber provided in the second embodiment of the present invention when the first cylinder and the second pressure storage cylinder are not installed;

[0038] Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a damper in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0039] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the first damping plate in the third embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.10 is a state diagram of the damper in the third embodiment of the present invention when both the main through hole and the secondary through hole are opened;

[0041] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shock absorbing valve in the third embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the fixed seat, the fourth spring and the fifth spring in the shock absorbing valve in the third embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.13 This is a working state diagram of the shock absorbing system when the vehicle is traveling straight in the third embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.14 This is a working state diagram of the shock absorbing system located outside the curve when the vehicle is turning in the third embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.15 This is a working state diagram of the shock absorbing system located on the inner side of the curve when the vehicle is turning in the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Reference numerals:

[0047] 101-working cylinder; 102-first cylinder barrel; 103-second pressure storage cylinder; 104-piston cylinder; 105-upper chamber; 106-lower chamber; 107-first strip-shaped flow area; 108-second strip-shaped flow area; 109-one-way damping structure; 111-piston rod; 112-flow ball; 113-first one-way valve; 114-piston; 115-first rod chamber; 116-lower chamber inlet and outlet hole; 117-opening hole; 118-bottom through hole; 119 - second rod cavity; 120 - partition seat; 121 - seat through hole; 122 - capillary tube; 123 - second flow gap; 124 - upper cavity inlet and outlet hole; 125 - cylinder head; 126 - cylinder barrel; 127 - flow divider; 128 - auxiliary pressure cylinder; 129 - axial cavity; 130 - first cylinder body; 131 - cylinder ring; 132 - cylinder base; 133 - third pressure storage cavity; 134 - inlet and outlet pipe; 135 - first sliding bearing; 136 - first flow gap; 137-shock-absorbing spring; 138-connecting ear; 139-pressure cover; 140-air storage cylinder; 141-first exhaust hole; 142-pressure storage inlet and outlet hole; 143-second one-way valve; 201-first valve port; 202-second valve port; 203-first valve housing; 204-first spring; 205-first damping plate; 206-main through hole; 207-second through hole; 208-second valve housing; 209-exhaust plug; 210-third valve port; 211- Fourth valve port; 212-fifth valve port; 213-sixth valve port; 214-first valve cavity; 215-second valve cavity; 216-second exhaust hole; 217-first air port; 218-second air port; 219-fixed seat; 220-second spring; 221-second piston; 222-third spring; 223-third piston; 224-fourth spring; 225-fifth spring; 226-conical part; 227-guide part; 228-spring seat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0050] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0051] Embodiment 1

[0052] See also Figures 1 to 5 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a shock absorber, which includes a piston mechanism, a working cylinder 101, a first cylinder barrel 102 and a second pressure storage cylinder 103; the piston mechanism includes a piston cylinder 104, the piston cylinder 104 is movably arranged in the cylinder cavity of the working cylinder 101, and the piston cylinder 104 divides the cylinder cavity of the working cylinder 101 into an upper cavity 105 and a lower cavity 106, and the lower cavity 106 is connected to the cylinder cavity of the second pressure storage cylinder 103; a first strip-shaped flow area 107 is opened on the working cylinder 101, and the first strip-shaped flow area 107 It is connected to the cylinder cavity of the first cylinder 102; a second strip-shaped flow zone 108 is provided on the piston cylinder 104; the length of the first strip-shaped flow zone 107 is not greater than the axial length of the first cylinder 102; when observed in the radial direction of the shock absorber, the lower end of the first strip-shaped flow zone 107 does not exceed the lower end of the first cylinder 102, so that it can be ensured that the fluid will not enter or flow out of the second pressure storage cylinder 103 from the first strip-shaped flow zone 107, and it is also ensured that the fluid enters or flows out of the first cylinder 102 from the first strip-shaped flow zone 107. The second strip-shaped flow zone is connected to the lower cavity. The second strip-shaped flow zone is arranged on the circumferential surface of the piston cylinder. It should be noted that the lower end of the first strip-shaped flow zone 107 can be arranged to be located above the lower end of the first cylinder 102.

[0053] When the piston cylinder 104 moves in the working cylinder 101, it can change the on-off state between the upper chamber 105, the cylinder chamber of the first cylinder 102 and the lower chamber 106; the first strip-shaped flow area 107 is provided with a one-way damping structure 109 to generate damping when the fluid flows from the first cylinder 102 to the lower chamber 106 of the working cylinder 101, while there is no damping or very small damping when the fluid flows from the lower chamber of the working cylinder 101 to the cylinder chamber of the first cylinder 102, that is, the one-way damping structure 109 can achieve: the resistance encountered by the fluid when flowing from the lower chamber 106 of the working cylinder 101 to the cylinder chamber of the first cylinder 102 is less than or much less than the resistance encountered by the fluid when flowing from the cylinder chamber of the first cylinder 102 to the lower chamber 106 of the working cylinder 101. It should be noted that the on-off state can include that all three are connected, none of the three are connected, or only any two of them are connected.

[0054] Specifically, the piston cylinder 104 is slidably disposed in the cylinder cavity of the working cylinder 101, and the piston cylinder 104 can also rotate around the axis of the working cylinder 101. In actual operation, the working cylinder 101 is connected to the wheel, and the piston cylinder 104 is connected to the vehicle body. Due to the steering of the wheel, the relative rotation between the piston cylinder 104 and the working cylinder 101 is achieved, and the piston cylinder moves up and down in the axial direction relative to the working cylinder. It should be noted that the steering of the wheel can cause the car to turn.

[0055] The first cylinder 102 and the second pressure storage cylinder 103 are both sleeved outside the working cylinder 101, and the first cylinder 102 is located above the second pressure storage cylinder 103; the space between the inner wall of the first cylinder 102 and the outer wall of the working cylinder 101 forms the cylinder cavity of the first cylinder 102; the space between the inner wall of the second pressure storage cylinder 103 and the outer wall of the working cylinder 101 forms the cylinder cavity of the second pressure storage cylinder 103. The first strip-shaped flow area is connected to the cylinder cavity of the first cylinder; the number of the first strip-shaped flow areas 107 and the number of the second strip-shaped flow areas 108 can both be 4, and the 4 first strip-shaped flow areas 107 are arranged at equal central angles on the circumference of the working cylinder 101, that is, the central angle between two adjacent first strip-shaped flow areas 107 is 90 degrees; the 4 second strip-shaped flow areas 108 are arranged at equal central angles on the circumference of the piston cylinder, that is, the central angle between two adjacent second strip-shaped flow areas 108 is 90 degrees. The length extension direction of the first strip-shaped flow area 107 is parallel to the axial direction of the working cylinder 101, and the length extension direction of the second strip-shaped flow area 108 is parallel to the axial direction of the piston cylinder 104. Since the piston cylinder 104 can perform both linear motion and rotational motion in the working cylinder 101, the relative relationship between the first strip-shaped flow area 107 and the second strip-shaped flow area 108 can change, thereby changing the on-off state between the upper chamber 105, the cylinder chamber of the first cylinder barrel 102, and the lower chamber 106. When the first strip-shaped flow area 107 and the second strip-shaped flow area 108 at least partially overlap, the lower chamber 106 can be connected to the cylinder chamber of the first cylinder barrel 102. The working cylinder 101 is provided with a plurality of pressure storage inlet and outlet holes 142 to realize the connection between the lower chamber 106 of the working cylinder 101 and the cylinder chamber of the second pressure storage cylinder 103. Optionally, the number of the pressure storage inlet and outlet holes 142 may be 4, two of which are provided with second one-way valves 143 to enable the fluid to enter the second pressure storage cylinder 103 through the second one-way valve 143 when the second one-way valve 143 is opened, thereby realizing that when the fluid enters the cylinder chamber of the second pressure storage cylinder 103 from the lower chamber 106, all four pressure storage inlet and outlet holes are in a passage state, while when the fluid enters the lower chamber 106 from the second pressure storage cylinder 103, only two pressure storage inlet and outlet holes are in a passage state.

[0056] The shock absorption provided by the embodiment of the present invention is achieved by opening a first strip-shaped flow area 107 on the working cylinder 101, opening a second strip-shaped flow area 108 on the piston cylinder 104, and then changing the on-off state between the upper chamber 105, the first cylinder barrel 102 and the lower chamber 106 through the movement of the piston cylinder 104 in the working cylinder 101. Since the first strip-shaped flow area 107 and the second strip-shaped flow area 108 are both strip-shaped, the piston cylinder 104 can move within a larger stroke range to gradually change the on-off state between the upper chamber 105, the first cylinder barrel 102 and the lower chamber 106, and the one-way damping structure 109 generates damping when the fluid flows from the first cylinder barrel 102 to the lower chamber of the working cylinder 101. Therefore, when the movement stroke of the piston cylinder 104 is increased, the damping effect of the shock absorber can be guaranteed, which is conducive to adapting a softer shock absorbing spring, thereby facilitating improving the controllability and also facilitating adjusting the damping effect of the shock absorber.

[0057] In an optional solution of this embodiment, the piston mechanism further includes a piston rod 111 and a piston pump structure disposed at the lower end of the piston rod 111, and the piston cylinder 104 is fixed to the piston rod 111; during the reciprocating motion of the piston rod 111, the fluid can be sucked from the outside into the lower chamber 106 through the piston pump structure, which is conducive to increasing the pressure in the lower chamber 106. The movement of the piston rod 111 drives the piston cylinder 104 and the piston pump structure to move, so that the piston pump structure can suck fluid from the outside into the lower chamber 106, and because the principle of the piston pump structure is similar to that of an air pump, the reciprocating motion of the piston rod 111 can cause the external fluid to be continuously pumped into the lower chamber 106 through the piston pump, which is conducive to increasing the pressure in the lower chamber 106 to achieve increased compression damping.

[0058] Specifically, due to the continuous reciprocating motion of the piston rod 111, the piston pump structure can suck fluid from the outside into the lower chamber 106, and pumping the fluid is a gradual process. Therefore, during the compression damping process, the damping effect can change gradually, so that the shock absorber can provide better comfort.

[0059] In the optional solution of this embodiment, the piston pump structure includes a flow ball 112, a first one-way valve 113 and a piston 114 installed at the lower end of the piston rod 111, the piston rod 111 has a first rod cavity 115, the side wall of the first rod cavity 115 has a lower cavity inlet and outlet hole 116 connected to the lower cavity 106, and the lower end of the first rod cavity 115 has an opening 117; the flow ball 112 is arranged at the opening 117, and when the flow ball 112 moves in the direction of the upper end of the first rod cavity 115, the opening 117 can be opened; the bottom of the lower cavity 106 is provided with a bottom through hole 118; the first one-way valve 113 is arranged at the bottom through hole 118, and when the first one-way valve 113 moves in the direction of the upper end of the first rod cavity 115, the bottom through hole 118 can be opened. Through this technical solution, it is convenient to achieve the suction of fluid from the outside. The presence of the piston pump structure will cause the chassis of the vehicle to be high when the road surface is bad, and low when the road surface is good.

[0060] Specifically, the flow ball 112 may be a spherical ball, which is located in the first rod cavity 115, and the diameter of the flow ball 112 is greater than the diameter of the opening 117; when the fluid flows from the opening 117 to the first rod cavity 115, the flow ball 112 can be pushed upward to open the opening 117. The first one-way valve 113 can completely cover the bottom through hole 118, so that the first one-way valve 113 can close the bottom through hole 118. When the fluid flows into the lower cavity 106 through the bottom through hole 118, the first one-way valve 113 will be pushed open to enable the fluid to flow into the lower cavity 106. The first one-way valve 113 may be formed by a sheet structure, and the shape of the sheet structure may be circular.

[0061] It should be noted that the first one-way valve 113 and the second one-way valve may also be spring-loaded one-way valves, gravity-loaded one-way valves or one-way exhaust valves.

[0062] In an optional solution of this embodiment, the piston rod 111 further has a second rod cavity 119, and the second rod cavity 119 and the first rod cavity 115 are separated by a partition seat 120, and a seat through hole 121 is opened on the partition seat 120. A capillary 122 is installed in the second rod cavity 119, and the lower end of the capillary 122 is connected to the seat through hole 121, so that the lumen of the capillary 122 is connected to the first rod cavity 115; a second flow gap 123 is formed between the outer wall of the capillary 122 and the inner wall of the second rod cavity 119, and the second flow gap 123 is formed between the outer wall of the capillary 122 and the inner wall of the second rod cavity 119. 23 is a part of the second rod cavity 119; the cavity wall of the second rod cavity 119 is provided with an upper cavity inlet and outlet hole 124 connected to the upper cavity 105, and the second flow gap 123 is connected to the upper cavity 105 through the upper cavity inlet and outlet hole 124; the upper cavity 105 and the lower cavity 106 are separated by the cylinder cover 125 of the piston cylinder 104, and the cylinder cover 125 of the piston cylinder 104 is located between the upper cavity inlet and outlet hole 124 and the lower cavity inlet and outlet hole 116, and optionally, the partition seat 120 is located in the middle position between the upper cavity inlet and outlet hole 124 and the lower cavity inlet and outlet hole 116. In this way, a part of the fluid can enter the capillary 122, and the fluid entering the first rod cavity 115 can be diverted, and the second flow gap 123 is used to realize the fluid flowing in the upper cavity 105 to enter the second flow gap 123, which is conducive to realizing the compression damping and extension damping of the shock absorber.

[0063] Specifically, the partition seat 120 is fixedly connected to the piston rod 111. A flow divider 127 is fixed to the upper end of the piston rod 111, the capillary 122 is connected to the first flow channel of the flow divider 127, and the second flow gap 123 is connected to the second flow channel of the flow divider 127; the first flow channel is not connected to the second flow channel, and the flow divider 127 is provided to facilitate connection with other pipelines.

[0064] In an optional solution of this embodiment, the shock absorber also includes an auxiliary pressure cylinder 128, which is arranged at the bottom of the working cylinder 101; the auxiliary pressure cylinder 128 includes a first cylinder body 130 with an axial cavity 129, a cylinder ring 131 and a cylinder base 132; the cylinder ring 131 and the cylinder base 132 are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the first cylinder body 130, so as to form a third pressure storage chamber 133 together with the cylinder wall of the working cylinder 101; an inlet and outlet pipe 134 is connected to the cylinder ring 131, the upper end of the inlet and outlet pipe 134 is connected to the lower chamber 106, and the lower end of the inlet and outlet pipe 134 is connected to the third pressure storage chamber 133. The pressure storage chamber 133 is connected; the axial cavity 129 is connected to the bottom through hole 118, and the piston 114 at the lower end of the piston rod 111 can extend into the axial cavity 129 of the first cylinder body 130 to compress the liquid in the axial cavity 129, and the liquid will push the flow ball 112 into the first rod cavity 115. The movement of the piston 114 in the first cylinder body 130 will cause the first one-way valve 113 to operate to continuously draw in the gas (or oil) entering from the bottom through hole 118, so that the cylinder pressure of the shock absorber can be increased through the cooperation of the auxiliary pressure cylinder and the piston pump structure.

[0065] Specifically, the cylinder ring 131, the cylinder base 132 and the first cylinder body 130 can be an integrated structure. The cylinder ring 131, the cylinder base 132, the cylinder wall of the working cylinder 101 and the outer wall of the first cylinder body 130 together form a third pressure storage chamber 133; the distance between the lower end of the inlet and outlet pipe 134 and the bottom of the third pressure storage chamber 133 can be determined according to the implementation situation, so as to realize the fluid flowing from the third pressure storage chamber 133 to the upper chamber 105, and the fluid is oil, air or oil-gas mixture.

[0066] In the optional solution of this embodiment, the piston cylinder 104 can move along the axial direction of the working cylinder 101, and / or the piston cylinder 104 can rotate around the axis of the piston cylinder 104 itself. The length of the first strip-shaped flow area 107 is less than or equal to the axial length of the piston cylinder 104; in this way, it can be ensured that when the piston cylinder 104 rotates relative to the working cylinder 101, the cylinder wall of the piston cylinder 104 can completely block the first strip-shaped flow area 107. The first strip-shaped flow area 107 includes at least one strip groove and / or a plurality of holes arranged in a strip shape, and the second strip-shaped flow area 108 includes at least one strip groove and / or a plurality of holes arranged in a strip shape, which facilitates the processing of the first strip-shaped flow area 107 and the second flow area. In particular, when the plurality of holes arranged in a strip shape are processed, the relative axial movement between the piston cylinder 104 and the working cylinder 101 can be effectively guaranteed, so that the piston cylinder 104 is not stuck in the working cylinder 101. The plurality of holes arranged in strips may be circular holes or other types of holes. The length of the second strip-shaped flow-through area 108 may be smaller than the axial length of the piston cylinder 104 .

[0067] Specifically, it is taken as an example that the length of the first strip-shaped flow area 107 is equal to the axial length of the piston cylinder 104 , the first strip-shaped flow area 107 includes a strip groove, and the second strip-shaped flow area 108 includes a strip groove.

[0068] It should be noted that, in actual manufacturing, the length of the first strip-shaped flow area 107 may be slightly longer than the axial length of the piston cylinder 104, but the extra length is generally smaller than the movement stroke of the piston rod 111 of the vehicle on a flat road.

[0069] In an optional solution of this embodiment, the one-way damping structure 109 includes a plurality of elastic baffles, which are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the first strip-shaped flow area 107. The elastic baffles are conveniently fixed to the outer wall of the working cylinder 101.

[0070] Specifically, the one-way damping structure 109 can cover half of the length of the first strip-shaped flow area 107, that is, it does not need to cover the entire first strip-shaped flow area 107. The one-way damping structure 109 can be arranged at the lower part of the first strip-shaped flow area. There can be a set gap between two adjacent elastic baffles. When the vehicle is traveling straight on a flat road, the first strip-shaped flow area 107 of the working cylinder 101 and the second strip-shaped flow area 108 of the piston cylinder 104 are basically always in a relative and communicating state, so that the cylinder cavity of the first cylinder barrel passes through the first strip-shaped flow area and the second strip-shaped flow area to communicate with the lower cavity.

[0071] It should be noted that the one-way damping structure 109 is disposed on at least one of the plurality of first strip-shaped flow-through regions 107 , and in this embodiment, each first strip-shaped flow-through region 107 is provided with a one-way damping structure 109 .

[0072] In an optional solution of this embodiment, the shock absorber further includes a first sliding bearing 135 disposed in the lower chamber 106, the first sliding bearing 135 is slidably disposed on the piston rod 111, and the first sliding bearing 135 can move along the axial direction of the working cylinder 101; the first sliding bearing 135 has a first flow gap 136, so that the fluid can flow between the two opposite sides of the first sliding bearing 135, and the first sliding bearing 135 is conducive to improving the compression damping effect. It should be noted that the first flow gap 136 is disposed on the first sliding bearing 135, rather than the gap between the first sliding bearing 135 and the working cylinder 101.

[0073] In an optional solution of this embodiment, the piston cylinder 104 includes a cylinder cover 125 and a cylinder barrel 126. The cylinder cover 125 is fixed to the upper end of the cylinder barrel 126, and the cylinder cover 125 can be an integral structure with the cylinder barrel 126. The piston rod 111 passes through the cylinder cover 125, and the piston rod 111 is fixedly connected to the cylinder cover 125. The second strip-shaped flow area is set on the cylinder barrel 126.

[0074] In an optional solution of this embodiment, the shock absorber further includes a shock absorbing spring 137, which is sleeved outside the first cylinder 102 and the second pressure storage cylinder 103. The shock absorbing spring 137 is used to reduce the shock of the vehicle body (or frame). In addition, a spring seat 228 can be fixed on the working cylinder 101 so that the lower end of the shock absorbing spring 137 abuts against the spring seat.

[0075] In an optional solution of this embodiment, a connecting ear 138 is fixed to the outer side of the lower end of the working cylinder 101, and the connecting ear 138 is used to connect to the wheel.

[0076] In an optional scheme of this embodiment, a sealing ring or a sealing gasket is arranged between the first cylinder barrel 102 and the second pressure storage cylinder 103, and a pressure cap 139 is threadedly connected to the top end of the working cylinder 101, so that the upper part of the working cylinder 101 is sealed by the pressure cap 139, and the pressure cap 139 can compress the sealing ring or the sealing gasket between the first cylinder barrel 102 and the second pressure storage cylinder 103 to achieve separation between the cylinder cavity of the first cylinder barrel 102 and the cylinder cavity of the second pressure storage cylinder 103.

[0077] Embodiment 2

[0078] This embodiment provides a shock absorber, which is a further improvement on the first embodiment. The technical solution described in the first embodiment also belongs to this embodiment, and the technical solution described in the first embodiment will not be described again.

[0079] See also Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, the shock absorber further includes an air storage cylinder 140, and a first exhaust hole 141 is provided on the working cylinder 101. The first exhaust hole 141 is located above the first strip-shaped flow area 107, and the first exhaust hole 141 is connected to the air storage cylinder 140. The first exhaust hole 141 and the first strip-shaped flow area can be basically located on the same busbar of the working cylinder. In actual use, there may be air in the upper chamber 105 of the shock absorber, and the provision of the air storage cylinder 140 is conducive to improving the effect of extension damping. The number of the first exhaust holes 141 can be one or more. When the number of the first exhaust holes 141 is multiple, the multiple first exhaust holes 141 can be arranged along the axial direction of the working cylinder 101.

[0080] In an optional scheme of this embodiment, the air storage cylinder 140 is sleeved on the working cylinder 101, and the air storage cylinder 140 is located above the working cylinder 101, and a sealing ring or a sealing gasket is arranged between the air storage cylinder 140 and the first cylinder barrel 102. The sealing ring or the sealing gasket between the air storage cylinder 140 and the first cylinder barrel 102 can also be compressed by the pressure cover 139 to achieve separation between the cylinder cavity of the air storage cylinder 140 and the cylinder cavity of the first cylinder barrel 102.

[0081] Embodiment 3

[0082] See also Figures 8 to 15 As shown, this embodiment 3 provides a shock absorbing system, which includes a damping valve and the shock absorber provided in embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, wherein the damping valve has a first valve port 201 and a second valve port 202, wherein the first valve port 201 is connected to the upper chamber 105 to generate damping for the fluid flowing out of the upper chamber 105, and the second valve port 202 is connected to the lower chamber 106. The damping valve is used to generate damping for the fluid flowing out of the upper chamber 105, and the damping when the fluid flows from the second valve port 202 to the first valve port 201 is smaller than the damping when the fluid flows from the first valve port 201 to the second valve port 202.

[0083] In an optional solution of this embodiment, the damping valve includes a first valve housing 203, a first spring 204 and a first damping plate 205; the first valve port 201 and the second valve port 202 are respectively provided on the first valve housing 203; the first damping plate 205 is provided with a main through hole 206 and a plurality of secondary through holes 207 distributed around the main through hole 206; when the fluid flows from the first valve port 201 to the second valve port 202, the secondary through holes 207 are blocked by the inner wall of the first valve housing 203; when the fluid flows from the second valve port 202 to the first valve port 201, the secondary through holes 207 are opened. The damping valve with the first spring 204 can ensure the return of the first damping plate 205, thereby ensuring the damping effect. The aperture of the main through hole 206 is smaller than the aperture of the second valve port 202 on the first valve housing 203. In this way, when the fluid flows from the second valve port 202 into the inner cavity of the first valve housing 203, it can push the first damping plate 205 to overcome the elastic force of the first spring 204, so that the first damping plate 205 moves in the direction of the first valve port 201, thereby opening the secondary through hole 207.

[0084] In an optional solution of this embodiment, the shock absorbing system further includes a shock absorbing valve, and the second valve port 202 is connected to the lower chamber 106 through the shock absorbing valve.

[0085] Specifically, the shock-absorbing valve includes a second valve housing 208, a piston assembly and an exhaust plug 209; the second valve housing 208 is provided with a third valve port 210, a fourth valve port 211, a fifth valve port 212 and a sixth valve port 213; the piston assembly divides the inner cavity of the second valve housing 208 into a first valve cavity 214 and a second valve cavity 215; the piston assembly moves in the inner cavity of the second valve housing 208, and can control the on-off between the third valve port 210 and the fourth valve port 211, and can control the on-off between the fifth valve port 212 and the sixth valve port 213; the second valve housing 208 is also provided with a first gas port 217 and a second gas port 218, and the first gas port 219 and the second gas port 211 are provided with a first gas port 219. The first air port 217 and the second air port 218 are connected through the inner cavity of the piston assembly; the piston assembly is provided with a second exhaust hole 216, the exhaust plug is located in the second valve cavity 215, and the movement of the exhaust plug 209 in the second valve cavity 215 can control the opening and closing of the second exhaust hole 216, so as to control the opening and closing between the second valve cavity 215 and the inner cavity of the piston assembly; the second valve port 202 is connected to the third valve port 210 through a connecting pipe, and the fourth valve port 211 is connected to the sixth valve port 213 through a connecting pipe; the fifth valve port 212 is connected to the lower cavity 106 through a connecting pipe; the first air port 217 is connected to the lower cavity 106 through a connecting pipe. The damping valve forms an integral loop between the damping valve and the shock absorber, so that the fluid can flow between the upper cavity 105, the damping valve, the shock absorbing valve and the lower cavity 106. The mouth of the second air port 218 may face upward, or the second air port 218 may be connected to an air pipe extending upward, so as to avoid oil that may leak from the bottom through hole 118 of the shock absorber. It should be noted that the second air port 218 may be connected to the atmosphere or to other air supply devices.

[0086] This embodiment provides a shock absorbing system, which is beneficial to reducing the number of connecting pipes between the two front wheels or between the front and rear wheels, and is convenient to install and easy to control.

[0087] See also Fig.11 and Fig.12As shown, specifically, the piston assembly includes a fixed seat 219, a second spring 220, a second piston 221, a third spring 222, a third piston 223, a fourth spring 224 and a fifth spring 225; the fourth spring 224 and the fifth spring 225 are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the fixed seat 219, wherein one end of the fourth spring 224 and one end of the fifth spring 225 are respectively in contact with the fixed seat 219, and the other end of the fourth spring 224 and the other end of the fifth spring 225 are respectively in contact with the inner wall of the second valve housing 208, so that the fixed seat 219 can return to its original position after being forced downward or moving downward. The inner diameter of the fourth spring 224 is larger than the outer diameter of the second piston 221, and the second piston 221 can extend into the fourth spring 224; the inner diameter of the fifth spring 225 is larger than the outer diameter of the third piston 223, and the third piston 223 can extend into the fifth spring 225. The second piston 221 and the second spring 220 are located on one side of the fixed seat 219, and one end of the second spring 220 is connected to the second piston 221, and the other end is connected to one side of the fixed seat 219; the third piston 223 and the third spring 222 are located on the other side of the fixed seat 219, and one end of the third spring 222 is connected to the second piston 221, and the other end is connected to the other side of the fixed seat 219. The space between the second piston 221 and the third piston 223 forms the inner cavity of the piston assembly. It should be noted that the second spring 220 and the third spring 222 can be replaced by a rigid rod structure, that is, the second piston 221 is fixedly connected to the fixed seat 219 through a rod structure, and the third piston 223 is fixedly connected to the fixed seat 219 through another rod structure.

[0088] The exhaust plug 209 includes a conical portion 226. Since the cross-sectional area of ​​the conical portion 226 gradually decreases from one end to the other end, the second exhaust hole 216 is gradually closed during the process of the tip of the conical portion 226 being inserted into the second exhaust hole 216. In addition, the exhaust plug 209 may also include a guide portion 227, which is fixedly connected to the tip of the conical portion 226 and inserted into the inner cavity of the piston assembly, so that the exhaust plug 209 can move along the axial direction of the second exhaust hole 216 without radial movement.

[0089] Since a vehicle may encounter different road conditions during driving, the working conditions of the shock absorbing system provided in this embodiment are relatively complicated after being installed on the vehicle. Therefore, this embodiment only describes several possible working conditions and no longer elaborates on other complex working conditions.

[0090] The piston rod 111 of the shock absorber of the shock absorption system provided in this embodiment is connected to the vehicle body, and the connecting ear 138 of the working cylinder 101 of the shock absorber is connected to the wheel. The shock absorption system can be installed at each wheel.

[0091] The main working principle of the shock absorption system provided in this embodiment is:

[0092] At the initial or long-term parking, the shock absorber is basically in a static equilibrium state, the liquid of the shock absorber gathers in the lower chamber 106, and the vehicle chassis is at the lowest position. During driving, since the piston rod 111 is connected to the vehicle body and the working cylinder 101 is connected to the wheel, there will be a reciprocating motion between the wheel and the vehicle body, causing the piston rod 111 and the piston 114 to move up and down along the axial direction of the working cylinder relative to the working cylinder 101. At this time, the chassis is relatively low, allowing the piston 114 to be inserted into the first cylinder body 130. When the vehicle is driving straight on a flat road, the first strip-shaped flow area 107 of the working cylinder 101 and the second strip-shaped flow area 108 of the piston cylinder 104 are basically always in a relative and connected state, that is, the second strip-shaped flow area 108 is opposite to the first strip-shaped flow area 107, see Fig.13 In addition, when the vehicle is traveling straight, the first valve chamber 214 and the second valve chamber 215 are in a conducting state; and when the vehicle is turning, the first valve chamber 214 and the second valve chamber 215 are in a non-conducting state.

[0093] When the piston 114 continues to reciprocate, the internal pressure of the shock absorber continues to increase, and the piston rod 111 will overcome the weight of the vehicle body to move the vehicle body away from the wheels, and the chassis will be raised. The chassis height of the vehicle is determined by the total amount of liquid added to the shock absorber system. The optimal axial length of the shock absorber piston cylinder 104 is equal to the length of the first strip-shaped flow gap. The liquid in the shock absorber system can be added or discharged from the second air port. The increase in pressure in the shock absorber will compress the second spring 220 and the third spring 222 of the piston assembly in the second valve housing 208.

[0094] When going uphill, the wheels and the vehicle body are close to each other, the piston 114 moves downward in the axial cavity 129 , the liquid in the axial cavity is squeezed, and the liquid pushes the flow ball 112 away and enters the first rod cavity 115 .

[0095] When the vehicle is in a straight-moving state and goes uphill, the vehicle body and the wheels move closer to each other, and at this time, the piston rod drives the piston cylinder 104 to move downward relative to the working cylinder 101. In order to reduce the resistance of the piston cylinder 104 to move downward, the third pressure storage chamber 133 and the second pressure storage cylinder 103 are provided. When the piston cylinder 104 moves downward, the pressure of the lower chamber 106 increases, and the gas is pressed into the third pressure storage chamber 133 through the inlet and outlet pipe 134, and the gas also enters the second pressure storage cylinder 103 through the second one-way valve 143. In the straight-ahead state, the first strip-shaped flow area 107 will overlap with the second strip-shaped flow area 108, and the liquid pushes the one-way damping structure 109 to enter the first cylinder 102. The piston cylinder 104 continues to move downward, and the pressure in the lower chamber 106 increases. The continuously increasing pressure will cause the fluid in the lower chamber to enter the second valve chamber 215 through the diverter 127. The fluid in the second valve chamber 215 causes the piston assembly to move as a whole in the direction of the third valve port at a speed much lower than the speed at which the fluid in the second valve chamber 215 flows out through the sixth valve port 213 and flows into the fourth valve port 211. Therefore, the pressure difference between the second valve chamber 215 and the first valve chamber 214 is not large, and the movement of the piston assembly is small. In this way, the first valve chamber 214 and the second valve chamber 215 are in a conducting state. At this point, the compression of the shock-absorbing spring 137 is completed.

[0096] When going downhill, the wheels and the vehicle body move away from each other, and the piston 114 moves away from the bottom through hole 118 accordingly. The flow ball 112 blocks the opening 117 under the action of gravity. When the piston 114 moves away from the bottom through hole 118, the axial cavity 129 generates negative pressure, which makes the first one-way valve 113 move upward, thereby opening the bottom through hole 118, and air (or oil) enters the axial cavity 129. When the piston 114 leaves the axial cavity 129, the liquid in the lower cavity 106 instantly fills the axial cavity 129, and the first one-way valve 113 blocks the bottom through hole 118, so that the pressure of the shock absorber increases under the reciprocating motion of the piston rod. Under the action of the continuous movement of the piston rod, a part of the liquid in the first rod chamber 115 flows out from the lower chamber inlet and outlet hole 116, and returns to the bottom of the lower chamber 106 through the first flow gap 136 on the first sliding bearing 135 to act as a compression medium; another part of the liquid in the first rod chamber 115 enters the capillary 122 through the seat through hole 121, and then enters the fifth valve port 212 through the diverter 127, and then flows into the second valve chamber 215. Since the liquid in the second valve chamber 215 gradually increases, it takes a process, and there is a vent plug 209 that is not sealed. The second exhaust hole 216 is blocked for a period of time. Therefore, during the process of the liquid in the second valve chamber 215 gradually increasing, the gas in the second valve chamber can be discharged through the second exhaust hole 216; in addition, the liquid in the second valve chamber can flow out from the sixth valve port 213 and flow into the first valve chamber 214 through the fourth valve port 211. The liquid overflowing from the first valve chamber 214 will flow out from the third valve port 210, enter the damper, and flow out from the damping valve, enter the second flow gap 123, and then enter the upper chamber 105 through the upper chamber inlet and outlet hole 124. Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, since the damping effect will be affected by the presence of air in the upper chamber 105, a first exhaust hole 141 is provided for exhaust. When the piston cylinder 104 moves upward, the gas in the upper chamber 105 will first enter the gas storage cylinder 140 through the first exhaust hole 141. When the cylinder cover 125 of the piston cylinder 104 moves to above the first exhaust hole 141, the first exhaust hole 141 becomes interconnected with the second strip-shaped flow area 108, thereby realizing that the gas storage cylinder 140 and the lower chamber 106 are connected with the second strip-shaped flow area 108 through the first exhaust hole 141. In this way, the gas temporarily stored in the gas storage cylinder 140 can flow out of the gas storage cylinder 140 and enter the lower chamber 106. At this time, the exhausted gas merges with the gas that can be discharged from the lower chamber inlet and outlet hole 116.

[0097] When the vehicle is in a straight-moving state and enters a downhill slope, the state of the wheel is to touch the road surface or leave the ground. The height of the departure is related to the height of the slope. The wheel moves away from the vehicle body under the action of the extension of the shock-absorbing spring 137. One aspect of testing the quality of the shock absorber is that the best shock-absorbing effect is to enable the shock absorber to control the wheel to contact the ground at a constant speed for a certain period of time. The working cylinder 101 moves away from the vehicle body with the wheel, that is, the working cylinder moves away from the vehicle body; the piston cylinder 104 moves upward relative to the working cylinder, and the volume of the lower chamber 106 gradually increases. After the air in the third pressure storage chamber 133 expands, the liquid (and possibly gas) in the third pressure storage chamber 133 will enter the lower chamber 106 through the inlet and outlet pipe 134; in addition, since the second one-way valve 143 will block the individual pressure storage inlet and outlet holes 142, the high-pressure air stored in the second pressure storage cylinder 103 will slowly enter the lower chamber 106, thereby suppressing the movement speed of the piston rod. At the same time, the volume of the upper chamber 105 gradually decreases, and the liquid in the upper chamber will be discharged into the first cylinder 102 through the first strip-shaped flow area 107. Since the one-way damping structure 109 blocks a part of the first strip-shaped flow area 107, the speed at which the liquid in the first cylinder flows to the lower chamber is slowed down, which is conducive to achieving a controllable speed for the wheel to contact the ground and achieve an ideal shock absorption effect.

[0098] When the vehicle is in a straight-moving state and passes a pit, the initial position of the piston cylinder 104 is that the cylinder cover 125 of the piston cylinder 104 is flush with the upper end of the first strip-shaped flow area 107. At this time, the wheel has a tendency to fall into the bottom of the pit under the extension of the shock-absorbing spring 137. Under the extension of the shock-absorbing spring 137, the liquid in the upper chamber 105 of the piston cylinder 104 enters the upper chamber inlet and outlet hole 124, enters the damper through the diverter 127, and passes through the main through hole 206. The aperture size of the main through hole 206 determines the movement speed of the piston cylinder 104 and the piston rod 111 to suppress the extension of the shock-absorbing spring 137, so as to control the speed at which the wheel moves downward relative to the vehicle body. The liquid flows out from the second valve port 202 of the damper, enters the first valve chamber 214, pushes the second piston 221 to compress the second spring 220, until the wheel moves downward and falls into the bottom of the pit. After the wheel falls into the bottom of the pit, the wheel starts to move closer to the vehicle body, compressing the shock absorbing spring 137 at the same time. The piston cylinder moves downward relative to the working cylinder 101 under the action of the piston rod, the volume of the upper chamber 105 increases, the pressure decreases, and the second spring 220 acts on the second piston 221 to push out the liquid in the first valve chamber 214, and enters the second valve port 202 through the third valve port 210 to overcome the first spring 204 to push the first damping plate 205 to move. The liquid passes through the main through hole and the secondary through hole, and flows out from the first valve port 201 into the second flow gap 123, and enters the upper chamber 105 from the upper chamber inlet and outlet hole 124. At this point, the shock absorber cooperates with the wheel to smoothly complete the pit.

[0099] When the vehicle is turning, the main working principle of the shock absorption system is as follows: since the piston rod is connected to the vehicle body, and the working cylinder 101 is connected to the steerable wheel, when the vehicle enters the turning state from the straight state, the working cylinder rotates relative to the piston rod and the piston cylinder, and the first strip flow area 107 and the second strip flow area 108 on the working cylinder 101 are misaligned, blocking the communication between the upper chamber 105 and the lower chamber 106. Fig.14 As shown, the working principle of the shock absorbing system located on the outer side of the curve is as follows: under the action of centrifugal force, the vehicle body and the wheel located on the outer side of the curve tend to move closer to each other. The shock absorbing spring 137 cannot suppress this movement trend due to its softness. At this time, the lower chamber 106 cannot discharge pressure to the upper chamber 105 through the first strip flow area 107. The lower chamber 106 forms a closed chamber. The fluid in the lower chamber 106 enters the capillary 122 through the lower chamber inlet and outlet hole 116, and enters the second valve chamber 215 through the diverter 127. The pressure increase in the second valve chamber 215 will cause the piston assembly to move in the direction of the third valve port to block the communication between the first valve chamber 214 and the second valve chamber 215 through the fourth valve port 211 and the sixth valve port 213, so as to achieve the closed pressure maintenance of the lower chamber 106, and achieve the support of the vehicle body by the piston rod 111 to suppress the downward movement trend of the vehicle body relative to the wheel, so that the vehicle obtains sufficient support force from the piston rod of the shock absorber on the outer side of the vehicle in the curve to prevent the vehicle body from tilting. Fig.15 As shown, the working principle of the shock absorbing system located on the inner side of the curve is as follows: the wheel located on the inner side of the curve has its center of gravity shifted to the outside due to the centrifugal force of the curve. The inner body of the vehicle has a tendency to move away from the wheel under the tension of the shock absorbing spring 137, and the piston rod 111 has a tendency to move upward. The fluid pressure in the upper chamber 105 increases, and the fluid enters the damper through the upper chamber inlet and outlet 124 and along the second flow gap 123. After flowing out of the damper, it enters the first valve chamber 214 to push the piston assembly to move in the direction of the fifth valve port. The third piston 223 blocks the sixth valve port, so that the first valve chamber 214 and the upper chamber 105 are sealed and pressure-maintained, and the piston cylinder 104 cannot continue to move upward relative to the working cylinder 101. The piston rod 111 suppresses the extension of the shock absorbing spring 137, thereby achieving the movement of pulling the body upward away from the wheel. At this point, the shock absorber can prevent the vehicle from rolling over on the curve.

[0100] Embodiment 4

[0101] This embodiment provides a vehicle, which includes the shock absorbing system provided in embodiment 3. The vehicle also includes a body and a steerable wheel connected to the body; the piston cylinder is connected to the body, and the working cylinder is connected to the wheel, so that when the wheel turns, the working cylinder can rotate relative to the piston cylinder.

[0102] Specifically, the piston cylinder of the shock absorber is connected to the vehicle body through the piston rod 111, and the fixed connecting ear 138 on the working cylinder 101 of the shock absorber is connected to the wheel. Since the piston rod is fixedly connected to the piston cylinder, the movement of the piston rod can drive the movement of the piston cylinder. The wheel is connected to the vehicle body, and the vehicle can be a two-wheeled vehicle, a three-wheeled vehicle, a four-wheeled vehicle or other multi-wheeled vehicles. It should be noted that the shock absorbing system is not only applicable to wheels that can be turned, but also to wheels that cannot be turned. When the shock absorbing system is installed on a non-turning wheel, it is necessary to rely on a motor or hydraulic transmission to cause the piston rod to rotate synchronously with the wheel that can be turned. It should be noted that when multiple shock absorbing systems are arranged on a vehicle, the multiple shock absorbing systems can work independently; the shock absorbing system on the right side of the vehicle can also be connected with the shock absorbing system on the left side of the vehicle through a pipeline, so that a shock absorbing system on the right side of the vehicle can be linked with a shock absorbing system on the left side of the vehicle, such as: the second flow channel of the diverter of a shock absorbing system on the left side is connected with the first flow channel of the diverter of a shock absorbing system on the right side through a pipeline, and the first flow channel of the diverter of the shock absorbing system on the left side is connected with the second flow channel of the diverter of the shock absorbing system on the right side through another pipeline.

[0103] In summary, the shock absorber, shock absorbing system and vehicle provided by the embodiment of the present invention can achieve good comfort and good handling of the car to a certain extent; the present invention can make full use of the space between the wheel and the body, and adopts a shock absorbing spring with an ultra-soft and ultra-large compression stroke to solve the problems of damping and comfort. The shock absorber is conducive to solving the problems of vehicle handling and stability through the relative rotation of the piston cylinder and the working cylinder; in addition, by setting a self-priming stamping piston pump structure, it can meet the conditions of empty, full load, and uneven riding of the vehicle, and can meet the complex changes of road conditions through self-adjustment. In addition, the shock absorber, shock absorbing system and vehicle provided by the embodiment have good results after actual experiments.

[0104] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shock absorber, characterized in that: It comprises a piston mechanism, a working cylinder, a first cylinder barrel and a second pressure storage cylinder; the piston mechanism comprises a piston cylinder, the piston cylinder is movably arranged in the cylinder cavity of the working cylinder, and the piston cylinder divides the cylinder cavity of the working cylinder into an upper cavity and a lower cavity, and the lower cavity is connected with the cylinder cavity of the second pressure storage cylinder; the working cylinder is provided with a first strip-shaped flow area, and the first strip-shaped flow area is connected with the cylinder cavity of the first cylinder barrel; the piston cylinder is provided with a second strip-shaped flow area; the piston mechanism also comprises a piston rod and a piston pump structure arranged at the lower end of the piston rod, and the piston cylinder is fixed on the piston rod; during the reciprocating motion of the piston rod, fluid can be sucked into the lower cavity from the outside through the piston pump structure; The piston pump structure includes a flow ball, a first one-way valve and a piston installed at the lower end of the piston rod, the piston rod has a first rod cavity, the side wall of the first rod cavity has a lower cavity inlet and outlet hole connected to the lower cavity, and the lower end of the first rod cavity has an opening; the flow ball is arranged at the opening, and when the flow ball moves in the direction of the upper end of the first rod cavity, the opening can be opened; a bottom through hole is opened at the bottom of the lower cavity of the lower cavity; the first one-way valve is arranged at the bottom through hole, and when the first one-way valve moves in the direction of the upper end of the first rod cavity, the bottom through hole can be opened, and the The piston rod also has a second rod cavity, the second rod cavity and the first rod cavity are separated by a separation seat, the separation seat is provided with a seat through hole, a capillary is installed in the second rod cavity, and the lower end of the capillary is connected with the seat through hole, so that the tube cavity of the capillary is connected with the first rod cavity; a second flow gap is formed between the outer wall of the capillary and the inner wall of the second rod cavity; the cavity wall of the second rod cavity is provided with an upper cavity inlet and outlet hole connected with the upper cavity, the upper cavity and the lower cavity are separated by the cylinder cover of the piston cylinder, and the cylinder cover of the piston cylinder is located between the upper cavity inlet and outlet hole and the lower cavity inlet and outlet hole; The piston cylinder can move along the axial direction of the working cylinder, and / or the piston cylinder can rotate around the axis of the piston cylinder itself; The length of the first strip-shaped flow area is less than or equal to the axial length of the piston cylinder; The first strip-shaped flow area includes at least one strip-shaped groove and / or a plurality of holes arranged in a strip shape, and the second strip-shaped flow area includes at least one strip-shaped groove and / or a plurality of holes arranged in a strip shape; The shock absorber further comprises an air storage cylinder and / or a first sliding bearing arranged in the lower chamber, wherein the working cylinder is provided with a first exhaust hole, the first exhaust hole is located above the first strip-shaped flow area, and the first exhaust hole is communicated with the air storage cylinder; the first sliding bearing can move along the axial direction of the working cylinder, and the first sliding bearing has a first flow gap so that the fluid can flow between two opposite side surfaces of the first sliding bearing; When the piston cylinder moves in the working cylinder, the on-off state between the upper chamber, the first cylinder barrel and the lower chamber can be changed; the first strip-shaped flow area is provided with a one-way damping structure for damping the fluid when it flows from the first cylinder barrel to the lower chamber of the working cylinder, and the one-way damping structure includes a plurality of elastic baffles, and the plurality of elastic baffles are arranged along the length direction of the first strip-shaped flow area; It also includes an auxiliary pressure cylinder, which is arranged at the bottom of the working cylinder; the auxiliary pressure cylinder includes a first cylinder body with an axial cavity, a cylinder ring and a cylinder base; the cylinder ring and the cylinder base are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the first cylinder body to form a third pressure storage chamber together with the cylinder wall of the working cylinder; the cylinder ring is connected with an inlet and outlet pipe, the upper end of the inlet and outlet pipe is connected to the lower chamber, and the lower end of the inlet and outlet pipe is connected to the third pressure storage chamber; the axial cavity is connected to the bottom through hole, and the piston at the lower end of the piston rod can extend into the axial cavity.

2. A shock absorbing system, characterized in that: It comprises a damping valve and a shock absorber as claimed in claim 1, wherein the damping valve has a first valve port and a second valve port, wherein the first valve port is communicated with the upper chamber to generate damping for the fluid flowing out of the upper chamber; and the second valve port is communicated with the lower chamber.

3. The shock absorption system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The damping valve includes a first valve housing, a first spring and a first damping plate; the first valve port and the second valve port are respectively opened on the first valve housing; the first damping plate is provided with a main through hole and a plurality of secondary through holes distributed around the main through hole; when the fluid flows from the first valve port to the second valve port, the secondary through holes are blocked by the first valve housing; when the fluid flows from the second valve port to the first valve port, the secondary through holes are opened.

4. The shock absorption system according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a shock absorbing valve, wherein the second valve port is connected to the lower chamber through the shock absorbing valve; The shock-absorbing valve comprises a second valve housing, a piston assembly and an exhaust plug; the second valve housing is provided with a third valve port, a fourth valve port, a fifth valve port and a sixth valve port; the piston assembly divides the inner cavity of the second valve housing into a first valve cavity and a second valve cavity; The piston assembly moves in the inner cavity of the second valve housing, and can control the opening and closing between the third valve port and the fourth valve port, and can control the opening and closing between the fifth valve port and the sixth valve port; The second valve housing is also provided with a first air port and a second air port, the first air port and the second air port are connected through the inner cavity of the piston assembly; the piston assembly is provided with a second exhaust hole, the movement of the exhaust plug in the second valve cavity can control the opening and closing of the second exhaust hole, so as to control the opening and closing between the second valve cavity and the inner cavity of the piston assembly; The second valve port is connected to the third valve port through a connecting pipe, the fourth valve port is connected to the sixth valve port through a connecting pipe; the fifth valve port is connected to the lower chamber through a connecting pipe; The first air port is communicated with the lower cavity through a connecting pipe.

5. A vehicle, characterized in that: It comprises a vehicle body, a steerable wheel connected to the vehicle body, and a shock absorbing system as described in any one of claims 2 to 4; the piston cylinder is connected to the vehicle body, and the working cylinder is connected to the wheel, so that the working cylinder can rotate relative to the piston cylinder when the wheel turns.

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