A large-scale battery energy storage safety management and control architecture

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of electrochemical energy storage application technology, and specifically relates to a large-scale battery energy storage safety management and control architecture and system. On the basis of comprehensively transmitting the real-time monitoring data of the battery through the data information transmission communication link, an independently set electric signal is innovatively added to directly start the driving signal link of the electric control switch when the battery is abnormal, providing a millisecond-level fast energy storage battery fault processing mechanism, forming a new large-scale battery energy storage management and control architecture and system with dual communication links, using the different timeliness characteristics of the real-time monitoring parameters of the battery in the time dimension, and directly starting the driving signal link of the electric control switch through the electric signal, to achieve a rapid response to the abnormal situation of the battery and effectively avoid the occurrence of vicious accidents, overcoming the safety risk of untimely response to abnormal battery situations in the existing technology that uses a single information link, decentralized collection, hierarchical transmission, and centralized analysis and processing system architecture.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of electrochemical energy storage applications, and in particular relates to a large-scale battery energy storage safety management and control architecture. Background Art

[0002] As electrochemical energy storage technology gradually matures, applying energy storage technology and systems to improve the flexibility of power grid regulation is one of the currently feasible options. Energy storage applications are entering a period of accelerated development and will have a profound impact on power grid development and even the energy revolution.

[0003] The development and application of energy storage technology are becoming more and more in-depth and extensive, but there are also many problems that need to be solved and challenges faced. In particular, the electrochemical energy storage system based on battery charging and discharging requires the use of a large number of batteries with smaller single-cell capacity, such as common lead-acid batteries, lead-carbon batteries, and especially lithium-ion batteries; an energy storage unit system is composed of multiple battery strings to form a battery cluster connected to the DC end of the energy storage inverter. Taking lithium batteries as an example, multiple lithium-ion battery strings are configured. A battery string is composed of multiple battery PACKs connected in parallel, and a PACK requires multiple battery cells connected in series; such a 1000-kWh energy storage unit system requires thousands of battery cells (about 8,000 40AH cells). In order to detect the real-time operating parameters of each cell and prevent any damaged cell from malfunctioning or even exploding, all cells are connected in parallel. Real-time monitoring of battery cells is the only correct choice. This connection method doubles the monitoring points and increases the amount of data. Existing technologies usually use hierarchical data sampling and centralized analysis and processing. Multiple battery monitoring modules BMUs supporting a battery string sample and transmit millisecond-level sampling to the battery string monitoring module BCMU for centralized analysis and processing. Then, they are transmitted to the cluster monitoring module BAMS of multiple battery strings and the host computer of the energy storage management and control system to conduct comprehensive analysis and processing of the real-time monitoring data of the energy storage unit system batteries and generate real-time monitoring processes to control the energy storage converter PCS execution instructions. The response execution often takes seconds. This system architecture cannot respond to battery abnormalities in a timely and rapid manner, which will increase the probability of accidents when battery abnormalities occur.

[0004] In order to improve the real-time monitoring and rapid abnormal handling capabilities of damaged battery cells while meeting the comprehensive processing of massive real-time monitoring data, the present invention proposes to independently set a driving signal link for directly starting the electronically controlled switch with an electrical signal that quickly responds to battery abnormalities, relative to the data information transmission communication link, to form a new large-scale battery energy storage management and control architecture and system with dual communication links. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention specifically relates to a large-scale battery energy storage safety management and control architecture, including: multiple string monitoring modules, an energy storage converter PCS, an energy storage battery system management and control host computer, a negative DC bus of a battery string, a positive DC bus of a battery string, multiple string monitoring modules and PCS communication lines, multiple string monitoring modules and energy storage battery system management and control host computer communication lines, a first battery string current sampling sensor, a first battery string negative DC contactor, a first battery string negative DC fuse, a first battery string current sampling harness, a first battery string DC on-off electric control switch drive line, a first battery string DC on-off electric control switch, a first battery string positive DC fuse, a first battery string first battery monitoring module, a first battery string first battery The second battery monitoring module of the battery string, the Mth battery monitoring module of the first battery string, the data upload communication line of the first battery monitoring module of the first battery string, the data upload communication line of the second battery monitoring module of the first battery string, the data upload communication line of the third battery monitoring module of the first battery string, the data upload communication line of the Mth battery monitoring module of the first battery string, the fast control signal line of the DC on-off power control switch of the first battery string, the first battery of the first battery module PACK of the first battery string, the second battery of the first battery module PACK of the first battery string, the Nth battery of the first battery module PACK of the first battery string, the first battery of the second battery module PACK of the first battery string, the first battery of the first battery the second battery of the second battery module PACK in the first battery string, the Nth battery of the second battery module PACK in the first battery string, the first battery of the Mth battery module PACK in the first battery string, the second battery of the Mth battery module PACK in the first battery string, the Nth battery of the Mth battery module PACK in the first battery string, the first battery positive terminal monitoring harness of the first battery module PACK in the first battery string, the second battery positive terminal monitoring harness of the first battery module PACK in the first battery string, the Nth battery positive terminal monitoring harness of the first battery module PACK in the first battery string, the first battery positive terminal monitoring harness of the second battery module PACK in the first battery string, the 1st battery positive terminal monitoring harness of the first battery The second battery positive terminal monitoring harness of the second battery module PACK of the battery string, the Nth battery positive terminal monitoring harness of the second battery module PACK of the first battery string, the first battery positive terminal monitoring harness of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string, the second battery positive terminal monitoring harness of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string, the Nth battery positive terminal monitoring harness of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string, the Nth battery negative terminal monitoring harness of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string, the kth battery string current sampling sensor, the kth battery string negative pole DC contactor, the kth battery string negative pole DC fuse, the kth battery string current sampling harness,The kth battery string DC on-off control switch driving line, the kth battery string DC on-off control switch, the kth battery string positive DC fuse, the kth battery string 1st battery monitoring module, the kth battery string 2nd battery monitoring module, the kth battery string Mth battery monitoring module, the kth battery string 1st battery monitoring module data upload communication line, the kth battery string 2nd battery monitoring module data upload communication line, the kth battery string 3rd battery monitoring module data upload communication line, the kth battery string Mth battery monitoring module data upload communication line data , the kth battery string DC on-off control switch fast control signal line, the first battery of the first battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the second battery of the first battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the Nth battery of the first battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the first battery of the second battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the second battery of the second battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the Nth battery of the second battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string the first battery of the kth battery string, the second battery of the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the Nth battery of the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the first battery positive terminal monitoring harness of the first battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the second battery positive terminal monitoring harness of the first battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the Nth battery positive terminal monitoring harness of the first battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the first battery positive terminal monitoring harness of the second battery module PACK of the kth battery string, and the The second battery positive terminal monitoring harness of the second battery module PACK in the string, the Nth battery positive terminal monitoring harness of the second battery module PACK in the kth battery string, the first battery positive terminal monitoring harness of the Mth battery module PACK in the kth battery string, the second battery positive terminal monitoring harness of the Mth battery module PACK in the kth battery string, the Nth battery positive terminal monitoring harness of the Mth battery module PACK in the kth battery string, and the Nth battery negative terminal monitoring harness of the Mth battery module PACK in the kth battery string; wherein:

[0006] The first battery of the first battery module PACK of the first battery string, the second battery of the first battery module PACK of the first battery string, and the Nth battery of the first battery module PACK of the first battery string are arranged in sequence, and the positive and negative electrodes of two adjacent batteries are connected to form the first battery module PACK of the first battery string connected in series;

[0007] The first battery monitoring module of the first battery string is connected to the positive terminals of the first battery of the first battery module PACK of the first battery string, the second battery positive terminal monitoring harness of the first battery module PACK of the first battery string, the second battery negative terminal monitoring harness of the first battery module PACK of the first battery string, and the Nth battery positive terminal monitoring harness of the first battery module PACK of the first battery string in sequence, respectively, to form an information sampling link for the first battery monitoring module of the first battery string to perform real-time monitoring on each battery of the first battery module PACK of the first battery string;

[0008] The first battery of the second battery module PACK of the first battery string, the second battery of the second battery module PACK of the first battery string, and the Nth battery of the second battery module PACK of the first battery string are arranged in sequence and the positive and negative electrodes of two adjacent batteries are connected to form the first battery string second battery module PACK connected in series;

[0009] The second battery monitoring module of the first battery string is connected to the positive terminals of the first battery of the second battery module PACK of the first battery string, the second battery of the second battery module PACK of the first battery string, and the Nth battery of the second battery module PACK of the first battery string in sequence through the first battery positive terminal monitoring harness of the second battery module PACK of the first battery string, the second battery positive terminal monitoring harness of the second battery module PACK of the first battery string, the second battery negative terminal monitoring harness of the second battery module PACK of the first battery string, and the Nth battery positive terminal monitoring harness of the second battery module PACK of the first battery string, respectively, to form an information sampling link for the second battery monitoring module of the first battery string to perform real-time monitoring on each battery of the second battery module PACK of the first battery string;

[0010] The first battery of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string, the second battery of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string, and the Nth battery of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string are arranged in sequence, and the positive and negative electrodes of two adjacent batteries are connected to form the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string connected in series;

[0011] The Mth battery monitoring module of the first battery string is connected to the first battery positive terminal monitoring harness of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string, the second battery positive terminal monitoring harness of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string, the second battery negative terminal monitoring harness of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string, the Nth battery positive terminal monitoring harness of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string, and the Nth battery string end battery of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string. The negative terminal monitoring harness is respectively connected in sequence to the first battery of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string, the second battery of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string, the positive terminal of the Nth battery of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string, and the negative terminal of the Nth battery of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string, forming an information sampling link for the Mth battery monitoring module of the first battery string to perform real-time monitoring on each battery of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string;

[0012] The upper data port of the first battery monitoring module of the first battery string is connected to multiple string monitoring modules through the data upload communication line of the first battery monitoring module of the first battery string, the upper data port of the second battery monitoring module of the first battery string is connected to the lower data port of the first battery monitoring module of the first battery string through the data upload communication line of the second battery monitoring module of the first battery string, and the upper data port of the Mth battery monitoring module of the first battery string is connected to the lower data port of the M-1th battery monitoring module of the first battery string through the data upload communication line of the second battery monitoring module of the first battery string, so as to form an information transmission link for real-time monitoring of all single-cell batteries in the first battery string;

[0013] The switch fast control signal end of the first battery monitoring module of the first battery string, the switch fast control signal end of the second battery monitoring module of the first battery string, and the switch fast control signal end of the Mth battery monitoring module of the first battery string are respectively connected to the multiple string monitoring modules through the first battery string DC on-off electric control switch fast control signal line, and then the multiple string monitoring modules are connected to the first battery string DC on-off electric control switch through the first battery string DC on-off electric control switch driving line, forming a fast control information link for fast control of the first battery string DC on-off electric control switch being disconnected in case of battery abnormality;

[0014] The first battery string is formed by sequentially connecting in series the DC on-off electric control switch of the first battery string, the positive DC fuse of the first battery string, the first battery module PACK of the first battery string, the second battery module PACK of the first battery string, the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string, the negative DC fuse of the first battery string, and the negative DC contactor of the first battery string;

[0015] The first battery string is connected to the negative DC terminal of the energy storage converter PCS through the negative DC bus of the battery string by the negative DC contactor of the first battery string, and is connected to the positive DC terminal of the energy storage converter PCS through the positive DC bus of the battery string by the DC on-off electric control switch of the first battery string, forming a charging and discharging power path for the first battery string; and when charging and discharging, if the battery monitoring module detects an abnormality of a single battery, it immediately controls the fast control information link of the first battery string DC on-off electric control switch to disconnect through the abnormality of the battery, and performs direct response processing;

[0016] The first battery of the first battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the second battery of the first battery module PACK of the kth battery string, and the Nth battery of the first battery module PACK of the kth battery string are arranged in sequence and the positive and negative electrodes of two adjacent batteries are connected to form the first battery module PACK of the kth battery string connected in series;

[0017] The first battery monitoring module of the kth battery string is connected to the first battery of the first battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the second battery positive terminal monitoring harness of the first battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the second battery negative terminal monitoring harness of the first battery module PACK of the kth battery string, and the Nth battery positive terminal monitoring harness of the first battery module PACK of the kth battery string in sequence, respectively, to form an information sampling link for the first battery monitoring module of the kth battery string to perform real-time monitoring of each battery of the first battery module PACK of the kth battery string;

[0018] The first battery of the second battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the second battery of the second battery module PACK of the kth battery string, and the Nth battery of the second battery module PACK of the kth battery string are arranged in sequence and the positive and negative electrodes of two adjacent batteries are connected to form the second battery module PACK of the kth battery string connected in series;

[0019] The second battery monitoring module of the kth battery string is connected to the first battery of the second battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the second battery of the second battery module PACK of the kth battery string, and the positive terminal of the Nth battery of the second battery module PACK of the kth battery string in sequence through the first battery positive terminal monitoring harness of the second battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the second battery positive terminal monitoring harness of the second battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the second battery negative terminal monitoring harness of the second battery module PACK of the kth battery string, and the Nth battery positive terminal monitoring harness of the second battery module PACK of the kth battery string, respectively, to form an information sampling link for the second battery monitoring module of the kth battery string to perform real-time monitoring on each battery of the second battery module PACK of the kth battery string;

[0020] The first battery of the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the second battery of the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string, and the Nth battery of the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string are arranged in sequence and the positive and negative electrodes of two adjacent batteries are connected to form the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string in series;

[0021] The Mth battery monitoring module of the kth battery string is connected via the first battery positive terminal monitoring harness of the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the second battery positive terminal monitoring harness of the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the second battery negative terminal monitoring harness of the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the Nth battery positive terminal monitoring harness of the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string, and the Nth battery string end battery of the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string. The negative terminal monitoring harness is respectively connected in sequence to the first battery of the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the second battery of the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the positive terminal of the Nth battery of the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string, and the negative terminal of the Nth battery of the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string, forming an information sampling link for the Mth battery monitoring module of the kth battery string to perform real-time monitoring on each battery of the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string;

[0022] The upper data port of the first battery monitoring module of the kth battery string is connected to multiple string monitoring modules through the data upload communication line of the first battery monitoring module of the kth battery string, the upper data port of the second battery monitoring module of the kth battery string is connected to the lower data port of the first battery monitoring module of the kth battery string through the data upload communication line of the second battery monitoring module of the kth battery string, and the upper data port of the Mth battery monitoring module of the kth battery string is connected to the lower data port of the M-1th battery monitoring module of the kth battery string through the data upload communication line of the second battery monitoring module of the kth battery string, so as to form an information transmission link for real-time monitoring of all single-cell batteries in the kth battery string;

[0023] The switch fast control signal end of the first battery monitoring module of the kth battery string, the switch fast control signal end of the second battery monitoring module of the kth battery string, and the switch fast control signal end of the Mth battery monitoring module of the kth battery string are respectively connected to multiple string monitoring modules through the kth battery string DC on-off electric control switch fast control signal line, and then the multiple string monitoring modules are connected to the kth battery string DC on-off electric control switch through the kth battery string DC on-off electric control switch driving line, forming a fast control information link for fast control of the kth battery string DC on-off electric control switch disconnection in case of battery abnormality;

[0024] The kth battery string is formed by sequentially connecting in series the DC on-off electric control switch of the kth battery string, the positive DC fuse of the kth battery string, the first battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the second battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the negative DC fuse of the kth battery string, and the negative DC contactor of the kth battery string;

[0025] The kth battery string is connected to the DC negative terminal of the energy storage converter PCS by the negative DC contactor of the kth battery string through the negative DC bus of the battery string, and is connected to the DC positive terminal of the energy storage converter PCS by the DC on-off electric control switch of the kth battery string through the positive DC bus of the battery string, forming the charging and discharging power path of the kth battery string; and when the battery monitoring module detects the abnormality of a single battery during charging and discharging, it immediately controls the fast control information link of the DC on-off electric control switch of the kth battery string to disconnect through the abnormality of the battery, and performs direct response processing;

[0026] The multi-string monitoring module is connected to the energy storage converter PCS through the multi-string monitoring module and PCS communication line, forming a communication link for the interaction of the energy storage battery operation parameters and the energy storage converter PCS operation control information;

[0027] The multi-string monitoring modules are connected to the energy storage battery system control host computer through the multi-string monitoring modules and the energy storage battery system control host computer communication line, forming a communication link for the interaction of energy storage battery operating parameters and energy storage battery system control host computer control information, forming the basis for the battery energy storage power station system to perform energy regulation.

[0028] The large-scale battery energy storage safety management and control architecture, wherein the multiple string monitoring modules are characterized by: including an embedded processor, an information storage circuit, an electric control switch drive circuit, a multi-channel communication control circuit, a multi-channel current sampling circuit, an isolation protection circuit, a network circuit and interface, a power supply circuit, a multi-channel module power supply circuit, a clock circuit, a system bus, an electric control switch drive circuit port row, and a multi-communication path port row, wherein:

[0029] The embedded processor is connected to the information storage circuit, the electric control switch driving circuit, the multi-channel communication control circuit, the multi-channel current sampling circuit, the isolation protection circuit, the network circuit and interface, the power supply circuit, and the clock circuit through the system bus to form a main control circuit of multiple string monitoring modules;

[0030] The electric control switch drive circuit port row is connected to the electric control switch drive circuit, and has a set drive circuit port number ≥ the number of battery strings monitored by the multi-string monitoring module, that is, each battery string is configured with an independent drive signal line port;

[0031] The multi-communication path port row is connected to the multi-channel communication control circuit, and the number of line ports with the set independent communication path is ≥ the number of battery strings monitored by the multi-string monitoring module, that is, each battery string is configured with an independent communication line port;

[0032] The power supply circuit is a circuit that converts an external power supply into a working power supply, and provides working power to the corresponding battery monitoring modules of the multiple monitored battery strings through a multi-channel module power supply circuit. The number of power line ports of the independent power supply path specially set is ≥ the number of battery strings monitored by this multi-string monitoring module, that is, each battery string is configured with an independent power line port.

[0033] The battery monitoring module of the large-scale battery energy storage safety management and control architecture is characterized by: including an embedded controller, an information storage circuit, a module bus fast drive signal circuit, a communication control circuit, a multi-channel voltage sampling circuit, an isolation protection circuit, a multi-channel temperature sampling circuit, a power access port, a power external port, an upload communication port, and a download communication port, wherein:

[0034] The embedded controller is connected to the information storage circuit, the module bus fast drive signal circuit, the communication control circuit, the multi-channel voltage sampling circuit, the isolation protection circuit, the multi-channel temperature sampling circuit, and the power access port through the module bus to form a monitoring main circuit system of the battery monitoring module;

[0035] The communication control circuit connects the uplink communication port and the downlink communication port to form a communication path for serial connection between multiple adjacent module circuit boards;

[0036] Its multi-channel voltage sampling circuit monitors N battery cells and is provided with N+1 voltage sampling harness connection terminals;

[0037] Its multi-channel temperature sampling circuit monitors N battery cells and is provided with N temperature sampling harness connection terminals.

[0038] The present invention discloses a large-scale battery energy storage safety management and control architecture. On the basis of comprehensively transmitting battery real-time monitoring data through a data information transmission communication link, an independently set electric signal is innovatively added to directly start a driving signal link of an electric control switch for rapid response when the battery is abnormal. This provides a mechanism for millisecond-level rapid energy storage battery fault processing, and constitutes a new large-scale battery energy storage management and control architecture and system with dual communication links. By utilizing the different timeliness characteristics of battery real-time monitoring parameters in the time dimension, the driving signal link of the electric control switch is directly started through an electric signal, thereby achieving rapid response to battery abnormalities and effectively avoiding the occurrence of vicious accidents. This overcomes the safety risk of untimely response to battery abnormalities in the system architecture of the prior art that adopts a single information link, decentralized collection, hierarchical transmission, and centralized analysis and processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic block diagram of the principle of a large-scale battery energy storage safety management and control architecture.

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of the multi-string monitoring module.

[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the battery monitoring module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] As an implementation example, a large-scale battery energy storage safety management and control architecture is described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the technology and solutions of the present invention are not limited to the contents given in this implementation example.

[0043] like Figure 1As shown, a large-scale battery energy storage safety management and control architecture comprises: a plurality of string monitoring modules (1), an energy storage converter PCS (2), an energy storage battery system management and control host computer (3), a negative DC busbar of a battery string (4), a positive DC busbar of a battery string (5), a plurality of string monitoring modules and PCS communication lines (6), a plurality of string monitoring modules and an energy storage battery system management and control host computer communication line (7), and a first battery string current sampling sensor (31a), a first battery string negative DC contactor (41a), a first battery string negative DC fuse (42a), a first battery string current sampling harness (5a), a first battery string DC on / off control switch drive line (6a), and a first battery string DC The invention relates to a first battery string DC on-off control switch (7a), a first battery string positive DC fuse (8a), a first battery string first battery monitoring module (10a), a first battery string second battery monitoring module (20a), a first battery string Mth battery monitoring module (M0a), a first battery string first battery monitoring module data upload communication line (32a1), a first battery string second battery monitoring module data upload communication line (32a2), a first battery string third battery monitoring module data upload communication line (32a3), a first battery string Mth battery monitoring module data upload communication line (32aM), a first battery string DC on-off control switch fast control signal line (33a), a first battery string first battery monitoring module data upload communication line (32a1), a first battery string second battery monitoring module data upload communication line (32a2), a first battery string third battery monitoring module data upload communication line (32a3), a first battery string Mth battery monitoring module data upload communication line (32aM), a first battery string DC on-off control switch fast control signal line (33a), a first battery string first battery monitoring module data upload communication line (32a1), a first battery string first battery monitoring module data upload communication line (32a2), a first battery string second ... the first battery (111a) of the battery module PACK, the second battery (112a) of the first battery module PACK of the first battery string, the Nth battery (11Na) of the first battery module PACK of the first battery string, the first battery (211a) of the second battery module PACK of the first battery string, the second battery (212a) of the second battery module PACK of the first battery string, the Nth battery (21Na) of the second battery module PACK of the first battery string, the first battery (M11a) of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string, the second battery (M12a) of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string, the an Nth storage battery (M1Na) of a battery module PACK, a first storage battery positive terminal monitoring harness (121a) of a first storage battery module PACK of a first storage battery string, a second storage battery positive terminal monitoring harness (122a) of a first storage battery module PACK of a first storage battery string, an Nth storage battery positive terminal monitoring harness (12Na) of a first storage battery module PACK of a first storage battery string, a first storage battery positive terminal monitoring harness (221a) of a second storage battery module PACK of a first storage battery string, a second storage battery positive terminal monitoring harness (222a) of a second storage battery module PACK of a first storage battery string, an Nth storage battery positive terminal monitoring harness (22Na) of a second storage battery module PACK of a first storage battery string,a first battery positive terminal monitoring harness (M21a) of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string, a second battery positive terminal monitoring harness (M22a) of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string, an Nth battery positive terminal monitoring harness (M2Na) of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string, an Nth battery negative terminal monitoring harness (M2N+1a) of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string, a kth battery string current sampling sensor (31k), a kth battery string negative pole DC contactor (41k), a kth battery string negative pole DC fuse (42k), a kth battery string current sampling harness (5k), and a kth battery string DC fuse A power-off control switch driving line (6k), a kth battery string DC on-off control switch (7k), a kth battery string positive DC fuse (8k), a kth battery string first battery monitoring module (10k), a kth battery string second battery monitoring module (20k), a kth battery string Mth battery monitoring module (M0k), a kth battery string first battery monitoring module data upload communication line (32k1), a kth battery string second battery monitoring module data upload communication line (32k2), a kth battery string third battery monitoring module data upload communication line (32k3), a kth battery string Mth battery monitoring module data upload communication line (32kM), a kth battery string DC on-off control switch (6k), a kth battery string DC on-off control switch (7k), a kth battery string positive DC fuse (8k), a kth battery string first battery monitoring module (10k), a kth battery string second battery monitoring module (20k), a kth battery string Mth battery monitoring module (M0k), a kth battery string first battery monitoring module data upload communication line (32k1), a kth battery string second battery monitoring module data upload communication line (32k2), a kth battery string third battery monitoring module data upload communication line (32k3), a kth battery string Mth battery monitoring module data upload communication line (32kM), a kth battery string DC on-off control switch (6k), a kth battery string second battery monitoring module data upload communication line (32k a control switch fast control signal line (33k), a first battery (111k) of a first battery module PACK of a kth battery string, a second battery (112k) of a first battery module PACK of a kth battery string, an Nth battery (11Nk) of a first battery module PACK of a kth battery string, a first battery (211k) of a second battery module PACK of a kth battery string, a second battery (212k) of a second battery module PACK of a kth battery string, an Nth battery (21Nk) of a second battery module PACK of a kth battery string, a first battery (M11k) of an Mth battery module PACK of a kth battery string, and a a second storage battery (M12k) of a battery module PACK, an Nth storage battery (M1Nk) of an Mth storage battery module PACK of a kth storage battery string, a first storage battery positive terminal monitoring harness (121k) of a first storage battery module PACK of a kth storage battery string, a second storage battery positive terminal monitoring harness (122k) of a first storage battery module PACK of a kth storage battery string, an Nth storage battery positive terminal monitoring harness (12Nk) of a first storage battery module PACK of a kth storage battery string, a first storage battery positive terminal monitoring harness (221k) of a second storage battery module PACK of a kth storage battery string, a second storage battery positive terminal monitoring harness (222k) of a second storage battery module PACK of a kth storage battery string,The Nth battery positive terminal monitoring harness (22Nk) of the second battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the first battery positive terminal monitoring harness (M21k) of the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the second battery positive terminal monitoring harness (M22k) of the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the Nth battery positive terminal monitoring harness (M2Nk) of the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string, and the Nth battery negative terminal monitoring harness (M2N+1k) of the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string; wherein:

[0044] The first battery (111a) of the first battery module PACK of the first battery string, the second battery (112a) of the first battery module PACK of the first battery string, and the Nth battery (11Na) of the first battery module PACK of the first battery string are arranged in sequence and the positive poles and negative poles of two adjacent batteries are connected to form the first battery module PACK of the first battery string connected in series;

[0045] The first battery monitoring module (10a) of the first battery string is connected to the positive terminals of the first battery (111a) of the first battery module PACK of the first battery string, the second battery (112a) of the first battery module PACK of the first battery string, and the Nth battery (11Na) of the first battery module PACK of the first battery string in sequence through the first battery positive terminal monitoring harness (121a) of the first battery module PACK of the first battery string, the second battery positive terminal monitoring harness (122a) of the first battery module PACK of the first battery string, the second battery negative terminal monitoring harness (123a) of the first battery module PACK of the first battery string, and the Nth battery positive terminal monitoring harness (12Na) of the first battery module PACK of the first battery string, respectively, to form an information sampling link for the first battery monitoring module (10a) of the first battery string to perform real-time monitoring on each battery of the first battery module PACK of the first battery string;

[0046] The first storage battery (211a) of the second battery module PACK of the first storage battery string, the second storage battery (212a) of the second battery module PACK of the first storage battery string, and the Nth storage battery (21Na) of the second battery module PACK of the first storage battery string are arranged in sequence and the positive and negative electrodes of two adjacent storage batteries are connected to form the first storage battery string second battery module PACK connected in series;

[0047] The second battery monitoring module (20a) of the first battery string is connected to the positive terminals of the first battery (211a) of the second battery module PACK of the first battery string, the second battery (212a) of the second battery module PACK of the first battery string, and the Nth battery (21Na) of the second battery module PACK of the first battery string in sequence through the first battery positive terminal monitoring harness (221a) of the second battery module PACK of the first battery string, the second battery positive terminal monitoring harness (222a) of the second battery module PACK of the first battery string, the second battery negative terminal monitoring harness (223a) of the second battery module PACK of the first battery string, and the Nth battery positive terminal monitoring harness (22Na) of the second battery module PACK of the first battery string, respectively, to form an information sampling link for the second battery monitoring module (20a) of the first battery string to perform real-time monitoring on each battery of the second battery module PACK of the first battery string;

[0048] The first battery (M11a) of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string, the second battery (M12a) of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string, and the Nth battery (M1Na) of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string are arranged in sequence and the positive and negative electrodes of two adjacent batteries are connected to form the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string connected in series;

[0049] The Mth battery monitoring module (M0a) of the first battery string is connected to the first battery positive terminal monitoring harness (M21a) of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string, the second battery positive terminal monitoring harness (M22a) of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string, the second battery negative terminal monitoring harness (M23a) of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string, the Nth battery positive terminal monitoring harness (M2Na) of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string, and the Nth battery negative terminal monitoring harness (M24a) of the last battery of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string. The measuring wire bundle (M2N+1a) is respectively connected in sequence to the first battery (M11a) of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string, the second battery (M12a) of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string, the positive terminal of the Nth battery (M1Na) of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string, and the negative terminal of the Nth battery (M1Na) of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string, forming an information sampling link for the Mth battery monitoring module (M0a) of the first battery string to perform real-time monitoring on each battery of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string;

[0050] The upper data port (a11) of the first battery monitoring module (10a) of the first battery string is connected to the multiple string monitoring modules (1) through the first battery string first battery monitoring module data upload communication line (32a1), the upper data port (a21) of the second battery monitoring module (20a) of the first battery string is connected to the lower data port (a13) of the first battery monitoring module (10a) of the first battery string through the first battery string second battery monitoring module data upload communication line (32a2), and the upper data port (aM1) of the Mth battery monitoring module (M0a) of the first battery string is connected to the lower data port of the M-1th battery monitoring module of the first battery string through the first battery string second battery monitoring module data upload communication line (32aM), thereby forming an information transmission link for real-time monitoring of all single-cell batteries in the first battery string;

[0051] The switch fast control signal end (a12) of the first battery monitoring module (10a) of the first battery string, the switch fast control signal end (a22) of the second battery monitoring module (20a) of the first battery string, and the switch fast control signal end (aM2) of the Mth battery monitoring module (M0a) of the first battery string are respectively connected to the multiple string monitoring modules (1) through the first battery string DC on-off electric control switch fast control signal line (33a), and then the multiple string monitoring modules (1) are connected to the first battery string DC on-off electric control switch (7a) through the first battery string DC on-off electric control switch driving line (6a), forming a fast control information link for fast control of disconnection of the first battery string DC on-off electric control switch (7a) in case of battery abnormality;

[0052] The first battery string is formed by sequentially connecting in series a first battery string DC on / off electric control switch (7a), a first battery string positive DC fuse (8a), a first battery string first battery module PACK, a first battery string second battery module PACK, an Mth battery module PACK, a first battery string negative DC fuse (42a), and a first battery string negative DC contactor (41a);

[0053] The first battery string is connected to the negative DC terminal of the energy storage converter PCS (2) through the negative DC busbar (4) of the battery string by the negative DC contactor (41a) of the first battery string, and is connected to the positive DC terminal of the energy storage converter PCS (2) through the positive DC busbar (5) of the battery string by the DC on-off control switch (7a) of the first battery string, thereby forming a charging and discharging power path for the first battery string; and when the battery monitoring module detects an abnormality of a single battery during charging and discharging, it immediately controls the first battery string DC on-off control switch (7a) to disconnect the fast control information link through the abnormality of the battery, and performs direct response processing;

[0054] The first battery (111k) of the first battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the second battery (112k) of the first battery module PACK of the kth battery string, and the Nth battery (11Nk) of the first battery module PACK of the kth battery string are arranged in sequence and the positive poles and negative poles of two adjacent batteries are connected to form the first battery module PACK of the kth battery string connected in series;

[0055] The first battery monitoring module (10k) of the kth battery string is connected to the first battery positive terminal monitoring harness (121k) of the first battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the second battery positive terminal monitoring harness (122k) of the first battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the second battery negative terminal monitoring harness (123k) of the first battery module PACK of the kth battery string, and the Nth battery positive terminal monitoring harness of the first battery module PACK of the kth battery string. (12Nk) are respectively connected in sequence to the positive terminals of the first battery (111k) of the first battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the second battery (112k) of the first battery module PACK of the kth battery string, and the Nth battery (11Nk) of the first battery module PACK of the kth battery string, forming an information sampling link for the first battery monitoring module (10k) of the kth battery string to perform real-time monitoring on each battery of the first battery module PACK of the kth battery string;

[0056] The first storage battery (211k) of the second battery module PACK of the kth storage battery string, the second storage battery (212k) of the second battery module PACK of the kth storage battery string, and the Nth storage battery (21Nk) of the second battery module PACK of the kth storage battery string are arranged in sequence and the positive poles and negative poles of two adjacent storage batteries are connected to form the second battery module PACK of the kth storage battery string connected in series;

[0057] The second battery monitoring module (20k) of the kth battery string is connected to the first battery positive terminal monitoring harness (221k) of the second battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the second battery positive terminal monitoring harness (222k) of the second battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the second battery negative terminal monitoring harness (223k) of the second battery module PACK of the kth battery string, and the Nth battery positive terminal monitoring harness of the second battery module PACK of the kth battery string. (22Nk) are respectively connected in sequence to the positive terminals of the first battery (211k) of the second battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the second battery (212k) of the second battery module PACK of the kth battery string, and the Nth battery (21Nk) of the second battery module PACK of the kth battery string, forming an information sampling link for the second battery monitoring module (20k) of the kth battery string to perform real-time monitoring on each battery of the second battery module PACK of the kth battery string;

[0058] The first battery (M11k) of the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the second battery (M12k) of the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string, and the Nth battery (M1Nk) of the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string are arranged in sequence and the positive and negative electrodes of two adjacent batteries are connected to form the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string connected in series;

[0059] The Mth battery monitoring module (M0k) of the kth battery string is connected to the first battery positive terminal monitoring harness (M21k) of the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the second battery positive terminal monitoring harness (M22k) of the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the second battery negative terminal monitoring harness (M23k) of the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the Nth battery positive terminal monitoring harness (M2Nk) of the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string, and the Nth battery negative terminal monitoring harness (M2Nk) of the last battery of the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string. The measuring wire bundle (M2N+1k) is respectively connected in sequence to the first battery (M11k) of the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the second battery (M12k) of the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the positive terminal of the Nth battery (M1Nk) of the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string, and the negative terminal of the Nth battery (M1Nk) of the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string, forming an information sampling link for the Mth battery monitoring module (M0k) of the kth battery string to perform real-time monitoring on each battery of the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string;

[0060] The upper data port (k11) of the first battery monitoring module (10k) of the kth battery string is connected to the multiple string monitoring modules (1) through the data upload communication line (32k1) of the first battery monitoring module of the kth battery string, the upper data port (k21) of the second battery monitoring module (20k) of the kth battery string is connected to the lower data port (k13) of the first battery monitoring module (10k) of the kth battery string through the data upload communication line (32k2) of the second battery monitoring module of the kth battery string, and the upper data port (kM1) of the Mth battery monitoring module (M0k) of the kth battery string is connected to the lower data port of the M-1st battery monitoring module of the kth battery string through the data upload communication line (32kM) of the Mth battery monitoring module of the kth battery string, thereby forming an information transmission link for real-time monitoring of all single-cell batteries in the kth battery string;

[0061] The switch fast control signal end (k12) of the first battery monitoring module (10k) of the kth battery string, the switch fast control signal end (k22) of the second battery monitoring module (20k) of the kth battery string, and the switch fast control signal end (kM2) of the Mth battery monitoring module (M0k) of the kth battery string are respectively connected to the multiple string monitoring modules (1) through the kth battery string DC on-off electric control switch fast control signal line (33k), and then the multiple string monitoring modules (1) are connected to the kth battery string DC on-off electric control switch (7k) through the kth battery string DC on-off electric control switch drive line (6k), forming a fast control information link for fast controlling the disconnection of the kth battery string DC on-off electric control switch (7k) in case of battery abnormality;

[0062] The kth battery string is formed by sequentially connecting in series a DC on / off electric control switch (7k) of the kth battery string, a positive DC fuse (8k) of the kth battery string, a first battery module PACK of the kth battery string, a second battery module PACK of the kth battery string, an Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string, a negative DC fuse (42k) of the kth battery string, and a negative DC contactor (41k) of the kth battery string;

[0063] The kth battery string is connected to the negative DC terminal of the energy storage converter PCS (2) through the negative DC busbar (4) of the battery string by the negative DC contactor (41k) of the kth battery string, and is connected to the positive DC terminal of the energy storage converter PCS (2) through the positive DC busbar (5) of the battery string by the DC on-off control switch (7k) of the kth battery string, thereby forming a charging and discharging power path for the kth battery string; and when the battery monitoring module detects an abnormality of a single battery during charging and discharging, it immediately controls the kth battery string DC on-off control switch (7k) to disconnect the fast control information link through the abnormality of the battery, and performs direct response processing;

[0064] The multiple string monitoring modules (1) are connected to the energy storage converter PCS (2) via the multiple string monitoring modules and PCS communication line (6), thereby forming an interactive communication link between the energy storage battery operation parameters and the energy storage converter PCS (2) operation control information;

[0065] The multiple string monitoring modules (1) are connected to the energy storage battery system control host computer (3) via the multiple string monitoring modules and energy storage battery system control host computer communication line (7), forming a communication link for the interaction of energy storage battery operation parameters and energy storage battery system control host computer (3) control information, thereby forming a basis for the battery energy storage power station system to perform energy regulation.

[0066] A large-scale battery energy storage safety management and control architecture is characterized in that a large number of battery cells are grouped and connected in series to form a battery module PACK, and then multiple battery module PACKs are connected in series to form a battery group string according to the DC voltage working range of the energy storage converter. According to the capacity scale of the energy storage system, multiple battery groups are connected in parallel and connected to the energy storage converter PCS (2) through the negative DC bus (4) of the battery group string and the positive DC bus (5) of the battery group string to form a battery energy storage unit system. Multiple battery energy storage unit systems form a large-scale energy storage power station through high-voltage AC power grid power lines; a safe energy storage power station is formed, and a battery monitoring module is used to monitor each battery in the battery module PACK in real time. Massive battery system information is uploaded to the communication line through the data of each battery monitoring module of the battery group string The communication paths and the multiple string monitoring modules (1) are interconnected with the data downlink communication lines, and the energy storage battery system control host computer (3) and the energy storage converter PCS (2) are connected through the multiple string monitoring modules and PCS communication lines (6) and the multiple string monitoring modules and energy storage battery system control host computer communication lines (7) respectively, so as to implement power control and energy management of the energy storage power station system; at the same time, when the operating parameters of the battery cells are abnormal and exceed the threshold value set by the circuit design, the battery monitoring module immediately and directly controls the battery cell string DC on-off control switch through the multiple string monitoring modules (1) and the battery cell string DC on-off control switch driving lines, and quickly controls and disconnects the battery cell string DC on-off control switch, so as to prevent abnormal batteries from malfunctioning and exploding, and realize real-time monitoring and safe operation of all battery cells of a large-scale battery energy storage system.

[0067] like Figure 2The large-scale battery energy storage safety management and control architecture, wherein the multi-string monitoring module (1) is characterized by comprising an embedded processor (C1), an information storage circuit (C2), an electric control switch drive circuit (C3), a multi-channel communication control circuit (C4), a multi-channel current sampling circuit (C5), an isolation protection circuit (C6), a network circuit and interface (C7), a power supply circuit (C8), a multi-channel module power supply circuit (C9), a clock circuit (C10), a system bus (C11), an electric control switch drive circuit port row (C9X), and a multi-communication path port row (C3X), wherein:

[0068] The embedded processor (C1) is connected to the information storage circuit (C2), the electric switch driving circuit (C3), the multi-channel communication control circuit (C4), the multi-channel current sampling circuit (C5), the isolation protection circuit (C6), the network circuit and interface (C7), the power supply circuit (C8), and the clock circuit (C10) through the system bus (C11), so as to form a main control circuit of the multi-group string monitoring module;

[0069] The electric control switch drive circuit port row (C9X) is connected to the electric control switch drive circuit (C3), and has a set drive circuit port number ≥ the number of battery strings monitored by the multi-string monitoring module (1), that is, each battery string is configured with an independent drive signal line port;

[0070] The multi-communication path port row (C3X) is connected to the multi-communication control circuit (C4), and has a line port number of independent communication paths that is set ≥ the number of battery strings monitored by the multi-string monitoring module (1), that is, each battery string is configured with an independent communication line port;

[0071] The power supply circuit (C8) is a circuit for converting an external power supply into a working power supply, and provides working power to the corresponding battery monitoring modules of the monitored multiple battery strings through a multi-channel module power supply circuit (C9). The number of power line ports of the independent power supply path specially set is ≥ the number of battery strings monitored by the multi-string monitoring module (1), that is, each battery string is configured with an independent power line port.

[0072] like Figure 3 The large-scale battery energy storage safety management and control architecture, wherein the battery monitoring module is characterized by: comprising an embedded controller (T1), an information storage circuit (T2), a module bus (T3), a fast drive signal circuit (XM2), a communication control circuit (T4), a multi-channel voltage sampling circuit (T5), an isolation protection circuit (T6), a multi-channel temperature sampling circuit (T7), a power access port (T8), an external power port (T9), an upload communication port (XM1), and a download communication port (XM3), wherein:

[0073] The embedded controller (T1) is connected to the information storage circuit (T2), the module bus (T3), the fast drive signal circuit (XM2), the communication control circuit (T4), the multi-channel voltage sampling circuit (T5), the isolation protection circuit (T6), the multi-channel temperature sampling circuit (T7), and the power access port (T8) through the module bus (T3), thereby forming a monitoring main circuit system of the battery monitoring module;

[0074] The communication control circuit (T4) is connected to the uplink communication port (XM1) and the downlink communication port (XM3) to form a communication path for serial connection between a plurality of adjacent module circuit boards;

[0075] Its multi-channel voltage sampling circuit (T5) monitors N battery cells and sets N+1 A voltage sampling harness connection terminal;

[0076] Its multi-channel temperature sampling circuit (T7) monitors N battery cells and is provided with N temperature sampling harness connection terminals.

[0077] The present invention discloses a large-scale battery energy storage safety management and control architecture. On the basis of comprehensively transmitting battery real-time monitoring data through a data information transmission communication link, an independently set electric signal is innovatively added to directly start a driving signal link of an electric control switch for rapid response when the battery is abnormal. This provides a mechanism for millisecond-level rapid energy storage battery fault processing, and constitutes a new large-scale battery energy storage management and control architecture and system with dual communication links. By utilizing the different timeliness characteristics of battery real-time monitoring parameters in the time dimension, the driving signal link of the electric control switch is directly started through an electric signal, thereby achieving rapid response to battery abnormalities and effectively avoiding the occurrence of vicious accidents. This overcomes the safety risk of untimely response to battery abnormalities in the system architecture of the prior art that adopts a single information link, decentralized collection, hierarchical transmission, and centralized analysis and processing.

Claims

1. A large-scale battery energy storage safety management and control architecture, including: A plurality of string monitoring modules (1), an energy storage converter PCS (2), an energy storage battery system control host computer (3), a negative DC busbar of a battery string (4), a positive DC busbar of a battery string (5), a communication line between the plurality of string monitoring modules and the PCS (6), a communication line between the plurality of string monitoring modules and the energy storage battery system control host computer (7), a first battery string current sampling sensor (31a), a first battery string negative DC contactor (41a), a first battery string negative DC fuse (42a), a first battery string current sampling harness (5a), a first battery string DC on / off electric control switch drive line (6a), a first battery string DC on / off electric control switch (7a), a first battery string A positive DC fuse (8a), a first battery monitoring module (10a) of a first battery string, a second battery monitoring module (20a) of a first battery string, an Mth battery monitoring module (M0a) of a first battery string, a data upload communication line (32a1) of a first battery monitoring module of a first battery string, a data upload communication line (32a2) of a second battery monitoring module of a first battery string, a data upload communication line (32a3) of a third battery monitoring module of a first battery string, a data upload communication line (32aM) of an Mth battery monitoring module of a first battery string, a DC on / off control switch fast control signal line (33a) of a first battery module PACK of a first battery string, and a first battery monitoring module of a second battery monitoring module of a first battery string. a battery (111a), a second battery (112a) of a first battery module PACK in a first battery string, an Nth battery (11Na) of a first battery module PACK in a first battery string, a first battery (211a) of a second battery module PACK in a first battery string, a second battery (212a) of a second battery module PACK in a first battery string, an Nth battery (21Na) of a second battery module PACK in a first battery string, a first battery (M11a) of an Mth battery module PACK in a first battery string, a second battery (M12a) of an Mth battery module PACK in a first battery string, and an Mth battery module PACK in a first battery string. the Nth storage battery (M1Na), the first storage battery positive terminal monitoring harness (121a) of the first battery module PACK of the first storage battery string, the second storage battery positive terminal monitoring harness (122a) of the first battery module PACK of the first storage battery string, the Nth storage battery positive terminal monitoring harness (12Na) of the first battery module PACK of the first storage battery string, the first storage battery positive terminal monitoring harness (221a) of the second battery module PACK of the first storage battery string, the second storage battery positive terminal monitoring harness (222a) of the second battery module PACK of the first storage battery string, the Nth storage battery positive terminal monitoring harness (22Na) of the second battery module PACK of the first storage battery string,a first battery positive terminal monitoring harness (M21a) of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string, a second battery positive terminal monitoring harness (M22a) of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string, an Nth battery positive terminal monitoring harness (M2Na) of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string, an Nth battery negative terminal monitoring harness (M2N+1a) of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string, a kth battery string current sampling sensor (31k), a kth battery string negative pole DC contactor (41k), a kth battery string negative pole DC fuse (42k), a kth battery string current sampling harness (5k), and a kth battery string DC fuse A power-off control switch driving line (6k), a kth battery string DC on-off control switch (7k), a kth battery string positive DC fuse (8k), a kth battery string first battery monitoring module (10k), a kth battery string second battery monitoring module (20k), a kth battery string Mth battery monitoring module (M0k), a kth battery string first battery monitoring module data upload communication line (32k1), a kth battery string second battery monitoring module data upload communication line (32k2), a kth battery string third battery monitoring module data upload communication line (32k3), a kth battery string Mth battery monitoring module data upload communication line (32kM), a kth battery string DC on-off control switch (6k), a kth battery string DC on-off control switch (7k), a kth battery string positive DC fuse (8k), a kth battery string first battery monitoring module (10k), a kth battery string second battery monitoring module (20k), a kth battery string Mth battery monitoring module (M0k), a kth battery string first battery monitoring module data upload communication line (32k1), a kth battery string second battery monitoring module data upload communication line (32k2), a kth battery string third battery monitoring module data upload communication line (32k3), a kth battery string Mth battery monitoring module data upload communication line (32kM), a kth battery string DC on-off control switch (6k), a kth battery string second battery monitoring module data upload communication line (32k a control switch fast control signal line (33k), a first battery (111k) of a first battery module PACK of a kth battery string, a second battery (112k) of a first battery module PACK of a kth battery string, an Nth battery (11Nk) of a first battery module PACK of a kth battery string, a first battery (211k) of a second battery module PACK of a kth battery string, a second battery (212k) of a second battery module PACK of a kth battery string, an Nth battery (21Nk) of a second battery module PACK of a kth battery string, a first battery (M11k) of an Mth battery module PACK of a kth battery string, and a a second storage battery (M12k) of a battery module PACK, an Nth storage battery (M1Nk) of an Mth storage battery module PACK of a kth storage battery string, a first storage battery positive terminal monitoring harness (121k) of a first storage battery module PACK of a kth storage battery string, a second storage battery positive terminal monitoring harness (122k) of a first storage battery module PACK of a kth storage battery string, an Nth storage battery positive terminal monitoring harness (12Nk) of a first storage battery module PACK of a kth storage battery string, a first storage battery positive terminal monitoring harness (221k) of a second storage battery module PACK of a kth storage battery string, a second storage battery positive terminal monitoring harness (222k) of a second storage battery module PACK of a kth storage battery string,The Nth battery positive terminal monitoring harness (22Nk) of the second battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the first battery positive terminal monitoring harness (M21k) of the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the second battery positive terminal monitoring harness (M22k) of the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the Nth battery positive terminal monitoring harness (M2Nk) of the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string, and the Nth battery negative terminal monitoring harness (M2N+1k) of the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string; wherein: The first battery (111a) of the first battery module PACK of the first battery string, the second battery (112a) of the first battery module PACK of the first battery string, and the Nth battery (11Na) of the first battery module PACK of the first battery string are arranged in sequence and the positive poles and negative poles of two adjacent batteries are connected to form the first battery module PACK of the first battery string connected in series; The first battery monitoring module (10a) of the first battery string is connected to the positive terminals of the first battery (111a) of the first battery module PACK of the first battery string, the second battery (112a) of the first battery module PACK of the first battery string, and the Nth battery (11Na) of the first battery module PACK of the first battery string in sequence through the first battery positive terminal monitoring harness (121a) of the first battery module PACK of the first battery string, the second battery positive terminal monitoring harness (122a) of the first battery module PACK of the first battery string, the second battery negative terminal monitoring harness (123a) of the first battery module PACK of the first battery string, and the Nth battery positive terminal monitoring harness (12Na) of the first battery module PACK of the first battery string, respectively, to form an information sampling link for the first battery monitoring module (10a) of the first battery string to perform real-time monitoring on each battery of the first battery module PACK of the first battery string; The first storage battery (211a) of the second battery module PACK of the first storage battery string, the second storage battery (212a) of the second battery module PACK of the first storage battery string, and the Nth storage battery (21Na) of the second battery module PACK of the first storage battery string are arranged in sequence and the positive and negative electrodes of two adjacent storage batteries are connected to form the first storage battery string second battery module PACK connected in series; The second battery monitoring module (20a) of the first battery string is connected to the positive terminals of the first battery (211a) of the second battery module PACK of the first battery string, the second battery (212a) of the second battery module PACK of the first battery string, and the Nth battery (21Na) of the second battery module PACK of the first battery string in sequence through the first battery positive terminal monitoring harness (221a) of the second battery module PACK of the first battery string, the second battery positive terminal monitoring harness (222a) of the second battery module PACK of the first battery string, the second battery negative terminal monitoring harness (223a) of the second battery module PACK of the first battery string, and the Nth battery positive terminal monitoring harness (22Na) of the second battery module PACK of the first battery string, respectively, to form an information sampling link for the second battery monitoring module (20a) of the first battery string to perform real-time monitoring on each battery of the second battery module PACK of the first battery string; The first battery (M11a) of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string, the second battery (M12a) of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string, and the Nth battery (M1Na) of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string are arranged in sequence and the positive and negative electrodes of two adjacent batteries are connected to form the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string connected in series; The Mth battery monitoring module (M0a) of the first battery string is connected to the first battery positive terminal monitoring harness (M21a) of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string, the second battery positive terminal monitoring harness (M22a) of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string, the second battery negative terminal monitoring harness (M23a) of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string, the Nth battery positive terminal monitoring harness (M2Na) of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string, and the Nth battery negative terminal monitoring harness (M24a) of the last battery of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string. The measuring wire bundle (M2N+1a) is respectively connected in sequence to the first battery (M11a) of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string, the second battery (M12a) of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string, the positive terminal of the Nth battery (M1Na) of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string, and the negative terminal of the Nth battery (M1Na) of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string, forming an information sampling link for the Mth battery monitoring module (M0a) of the first battery string to perform real-time monitoring on each battery of the Mth battery module PACK of the first battery string; The upper data port (a11) of the first battery monitoring module (10a) of the first battery string is connected to the multiple string monitoring modules (1) through the first battery string first battery monitoring module data upload communication line (32a1), the upper data port (a21) of the second battery monitoring module (20a) of the first battery string is connected to the lower data port (a13) of the first battery monitoring module (10a) of the first battery string through the first battery string second battery monitoring module data upload communication line (32a2), and the upper data port (aM1) of the Mth battery monitoring module (M0a) of the first battery string is connected to the lower data port of the M-1th battery monitoring module of the first battery string through the first battery string second battery monitoring module data upload communication line (32aM), thereby forming an information transmission link for real-time monitoring of all single-cell batteries in the first battery string; The switch fast control signal end (a12) of the first battery monitoring module (10a) of the first battery string, the switch fast control signal end (a22) of the second battery monitoring module (20a) of the first battery string, and the switch fast control signal end (aM2) of the Mth battery monitoring module (MOa) of the first battery string are respectively connected to the multiple string monitoring modules (1) through the first battery string DC on-off electric control switch fast control signal line (33a), and then the multiple string monitoring modules (1) are connected to the first battery string DC on-off electric control switch (7a) through the first battery string DC on-off electric control switch drive line (6a), forming a fast control information link for fast control of disconnection of the first battery string DC on-off electric control switch (7a) in case of battery abnormality; The first battery string is formed by sequentially connecting in series a first battery string DC on / off electric control switch (7a), a first battery string positive DC fuse (8a), a first battery string first battery module PACK, a first battery string second battery module PACK, an Mth battery module PACK, a first battery string negative DC fuse (42a), and a first battery string negative DC contactor (41a); The first battery string is connected to the negative DC terminal of the energy storage converter PCS (2) through the negative DC busbar (4) of the battery string by the negative DC contactor (41a) of the first battery string, and is connected to the positive DC terminal of the energy storage converter PCS (2) through the positive DC busbar (5) of the battery string by the DC on-off control switch (7a) of the first battery string, thereby forming a charging and discharging power path for the first battery string; and when the battery monitoring module detects an abnormality of a single battery during charging and discharging, it immediately controls the first battery string DC on-off control switch (7a) to disconnect the fast control information link through the abnormality of the battery, and performs direct response processing; The first battery (111k) of the first battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the second battery (112k) of the first battery module PACK of the kth battery string, and the Nth battery (11Nk) of the first battery module PACK of the kth battery string are arranged in sequence and the positive poles and negative poles of two adjacent batteries are connected to form the first battery module PACK of the kth battery string connected in series; The first battery monitoring module (10k) of the kth battery string is connected to the first battery positive terminal monitoring harness (121k) of the first battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the second battery positive terminal monitoring harness (122k) of the first battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the second battery negative terminal monitoring harness (123k) of the first battery module PACK of the kth battery string, and the Nth battery positive terminal monitoring harness of the first battery module PACK of the kth battery string. (12Nk) are respectively connected in sequence to the positive terminals of the first battery (111k) of the first battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the second battery (112k) of the first battery module PACK of the kth battery string, and the Nth battery (11Nk) of the first battery module PACK of the kth battery string, forming an information sampling link for the first battery monitoring module (10k) of the kth battery string to perform real-time monitoring on each battery of the first battery module PACK of the kth battery string; The first storage battery (211k) of the second battery module PACK of the kth storage battery string, the second storage battery (212k) of the second battery module PACK of the kth storage battery string, and the Nth storage battery (21Nk) of the second battery module PACK of the kth storage battery string are arranged in sequence and the positive poles and negative poles of two adjacent storage batteries are connected to form the second battery module PACK of the kth storage battery string connected in series; The second battery monitoring module (20k) of the kth battery string is connected to the first battery positive terminal monitoring harness (221k) of the second battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the second battery positive terminal monitoring harness (222k) of the second battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the second battery negative terminal monitoring harness (223k) of the second battery module PACK of the kth battery string, and the Nth battery positive terminal monitoring harness of the second battery module PACK of the kth battery string. (22Nk) are respectively connected in sequence to the positive terminals of the first battery (211k) of the second battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the second battery (212k) of the second battery module PACK of the kth battery string, and the Nth battery (21Nk) of the second battery module PACK of the kth battery string, forming an information sampling link for the second battery monitoring module (20k) of the kth battery string to perform real-time monitoring on each battery of the second battery module PACK of the kth battery string; The first battery (M11k) of the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the second battery (M12k) of the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string, and the Nth battery (M1Nk) of the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string are arranged in sequence and the positive and negative electrodes of two adjacent batteries are connected to form the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string connected in series; The Mth battery monitoring module (MOk) of the kth battery string is connected to the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string through the first battery positive terminal monitoring harness (M21k), the second battery positive terminal monitoring harness (M22k), the second battery negative terminal monitoring harness (M23k), the Nth battery positive terminal monitoring harness (M2Nk), and the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string. The monitoring harness (M2N+1k) of the negative terminal of the last battery of the Nth battery string PACK is respectively connected in sequence to the first battery (M11k) of the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the second battery (M12k) of the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string, the positive terminal of the Nth battery (M1Nk) of the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string, and the negative terminal of the Nth battery (M1Nk) of the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string, forming an information sampling link for the Mth battery monitoring module (M0k) of the kth battery string to perform real-time monitoring on each battery of the Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string; The upper data port (k11) of the first battery monitoring module (10k) of the kth battery string is connected to the multiple string monitoring modules (1) through the data upload communication line (32k1) of the first battery monitoring module of the kth battery string, the upper data port (k21) of the second battery monitoring module (20k) of the kth battery string is connected to the lower data port (k13) of the first battery monitoring module (10k) of the kth battery string through the data upload communication line (32k2) of the second battery monitoring module of the kth battery string, and the upper data port (kM1) of the Mth battery monitoring module (M0k) of the kth battery string is connected to the lower data port of the M-1st battery monitoring module of the kth battery string through the data upload communication line (32kM) of the Mth battery monitoring module of the kth battery string, thereby forming an information transmission link for real-time monitoring of all single-cell batteries in the kth battery string; The switch fast control signal end (k12) of the first battery monitoring module (10k) of the kth battery string, the switch fast control signal end (k22) of the second battery monitoring module (20k) of the kth battery string, and the switch fast control signal end (kM2) of the Mth battery monitoring module (M0k) of the kth battery string are respectively connected to the multiple string monitoring modules (1) through the kth battery string DC on-off electric control switch fast control signal line (33k), and then the multiple string monitoring modules (1) are connected to the kth battery string DC on-off electric control switch (7k) through the kth battery string DC on-off electric control switch drive line (6k), forming a fast control information link for fast controlling the disconnection of the kth battery string DC on-off electric control switch (7k) in case of battery abnormality; The kth battery string is formed by sequentially connecting in series a DC on / off electric control switch (7k) of the kth battery string, a positive DC fuse (8k) of the kth battery string, a first battery module PACK of the kth battery string, a second battery module PACK of the kth battery string, an Mth battery module PACK of the kth battery string, a negative DC fuse (42k) of the kth battery string, and a negative DC contactor (41k) of the kth battery string; The kth battery string is connected to the negative DC terminal of the energy storage converter PCS (2) through the negative DC busbar (4) of the battery string by the negative DC contactor (41k) of the kth battery string, and is connected to the positive DC terminal of the energy storage converter PCS (2) through the positive DC busbar (5) of the battery string by the DC on-off control switch (7k) of the kth battery string, thereby forming a charging and discharging power path for the kth battery string; and when the battery monitoring module detects an abnormality of a single battery during charging and discharging, it immediately controls the kth battery string DC on-off control switch (7k) to disconnect the fast control information link through the abnormality of the battery, and performs direct response processing; The multiple string monitoring modules (1) are connected to the energy storage converter PCS (2) via the multiple string monitoring modules and PCS communication line (6), thereby forming an interactive communication link between the energy storage battery operation parameters and the energy storage converter PCS (2) operation control information; The multiple string monitoring modules (1) are connected to the energy storage battery system control host computer (3) via the multiple string monitoring modules and energy storage battery system control host computer communication line (7), forming a communication link for the interaction of energy storage battery operation parameters and energy storage battery system control host computer (3) control information, thereby forming a basis for the battery energy storage power station system to perform energy regulation.

2. According to the large-scale battery energy storage safety management and control architecture of claim 1, the characteristics of the multi-string monitoring module (1) are: mainly including an embedded processor (C1), an information storage circuit (C2), an electric control switch drive circuit (C3), a multi-channel communication control circuit (C4), a multi-channel current sampling circuit (C5), an isolation protection circuit (C6), a network circuit and interface (C7), a power supply circuit (C8), a multi-channel module power supply circuit (C9), a clock circuit (C10), a system bus (C11), an electric control switch drive circuit port row (C9X), and a multi-communication path port row (C3X), wherein: The embedded processor (C1) is connected to the information storage circuit (C2), the electric switch driving circuit (C3), the multi-channel communication control circuit (C4), the multi-channel current sampling circuit (C5), the isolation protection circuit (C6), the network circuit and interface (C7), the power supply circuit (C8), and the clock circuit (C10) through the system bus (C11), so as to form a main control circuit of the multi-group string monitoring module; The electric control switch drive circuit port row (C9X) is connected to the electric control switch drive circuit (C3), and has a set drive circuit port number ≥ the number of battery strings monitored by the multi-string monitoring module (1), that is, each battery string is configured with an independent drive signal line port; The multi-communication path port row (C3X) is connected to the multi-communication control circuit (C4), and has a line port number of independent communication paths that is set ≥ the number of battery strings monitored by the multi-string monitoring module (1), that is, each battery string is configured with an independent communication line port; The power supply circuit (C8) is a circuit for converting an external power supply into a working power supply, and provides working power to the corresponding battery monitoring modules of the monitored multiple battery strings through a multi-channel module power supply circuit (C9). The number of power line ports of the independent power supply path specially set is ≥ the number of battery strings monitored by the multi-string monitoring module (1), that is, each battery string is configured with an independent power line port.

3. According to the large-scale battery energy storage safety management and control architecture of claim 1, the battery monitoring module is characterized by: It mainly includes an embedded controller (T1), an information storage circuit (T2), a module bus (T3), a fast drive signal circuit (XM2), a communication control circuit (T4), a multi-channel voltage sampling circuit (T5), an isolation protection circuit (T6), a multi-channel temperature sampling circuit (T7), a power access port (T8), an external power port (T9), an upload communication port (XM1), and a download communication port (XM3), among which: The embedded controller (T1) is connected to the information storage circuit (T2), the module bus (T3), the fast drive signal circuit (XM2), the communication control circuit (T4), the multi-channel voltage sampling circuit (T5), the isolation protection circuit (T6), the multi-channel temperature sampling circuit (T7), and the power access port (T8) through the module bus (T3), thereby forming a monitoring main circuit system of the battery monitoring module; The communication control circuit (T4) is connected to the uplink communication port (XM1) and the downlink communication port (XM3) to form a communication path for serial connection between a plurality of adjacent module circuit boards; Its multi-channel voltage sampling circuit (T5) monitors N storage battery cells and is provided with N+1 voltage sampling harness connection terminals; its multi-channel temperature sampling circuit (T7) monitors N storage battery cells and is provided with N temperature sampling harness connection terminals.

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