Winding, stator and motor

Abstract

The present invention relates to a winding, a stator and a motor. The winding comprises: a plurality of coils; the coil comprises a double-layer conductor module, a first conductor and a connecting conductor module; the double-layer conductor module and the first conductor are connected via the connecting conductor module; the double-layer conductor module comprises: a second conductor and a third conductor; the connecting conductor module comprises: a first connecting conductor and a second connecting conductor; the second conductor and the third conductor are arranged side by side, the output end of the second conductor is connected to the input end of the first conductor via the first connecting conductor, and the output end of the first conductor is connected to the input end of the third conductor via the second connecting conductor. The present invention arranges the second conductor and the third conductor side by side, so that the two conductors have a capacitive effect under high-frequency pulse potential excitation, and the loss is reduced when current flows through the conductors, which can improve the electric load density of the motor, thereby achieving high density of the motor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of motors, and in particular to a winding, a stator and a motor. Background Art

[0002] In the industrial field, 60% of electrical energy is used by motors. In some occasions where there are requirements for motor installation space, such as vehicle electric drive, high efficiency and high density indicators of motor systems have become an important direction of technological development. High efficiency and high density of motors are the development goals of the motor industry. They can not only improve system energy efficiency, but also greatly reduce material costs and achieve miniaturization. They have distinct practical value in many occasions (such as electric vehicles, aerospace, military industry, etc.). The coils in ordinary AC motors have an integer number of turns, which is generally more than 2 turns. The coils of conventional AC motors have more than two turns (more than two turns). During the transmission of electromagnetic energy, part of the electromagnetic energy enters the conductor and is converted into conductive loss, reducing the efficiency and density of the motor. In order to solve the above problems, the US Electric Vehicle 2025 technology route lists superconducting wires based on a composite of graphene and copper materials as a research and development goal. In 2015, the Oak Ridge National Laboratory in the United States made a breakthrough in the preparation method of graphene, solving the problem of graphene accumulation and greatly advancing the superconducting wire plan. However, at present, the technology is still in the laboratory stage, with high cost and a long way to go before practical application. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a high-efficiency and high-density motor. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a winding, a stator and a motor, in which the second conductor and the third conductor form a capacitance effect under the excitation of a high-frequency pulse potential, thereby achieving high efficiency and high density of the motor.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0005] A winding comprises: a plurality of coils; the coils comprise a double-layer conductor module, a first conductor, and a connecting conductor module; the double-layer conductor module and the first conductor are connected via the connecting conductor module; the double-layer conductor module comprises: a second conductor and a third conductor; the connecting conductor module comprises: a first connecting conductor and a second connecting conductor; the second conductor and the third conductor are arranged side by side in an upper and lower arrangement, the output end of the second conductor is connected to the input end of the first conductor via the first connecting conductor, and the output end of the first conductor is connected to the input end of the third conductor via the second connecting conductor.

[0006] A stator comprises: a stator core and the winding described above; m stator slots are evenly distributed on the stator core; a double-layer conductor module of an nth coil of the winding is arranged in the kth stator slot of the stator core along the slot edge of the kth stator slot, and a first conductor of the nth coil of the winding is arranged in the k+bth stator slot of the stator core along the slot edge of the k+bth stator slot; a double-layer conductor module of an n+1th coil of the winding is arranged in the k+bth stator slot of the stator core along the slot edge of the k+bth stator slot, and a first conductor of the n+1th coil of the winding is arranged in the k+bth stator slot of the stator core along the slot edge of the k+b+cth stator slot, wherein 1≤n<m, 1≤k<m, 1≤b<m, and 1≤c<m.

[0007] A motor comprises: a rotor core, magnets, and the stator described above, wherein the magnets are arranged in rotor slots of the rotor core, one magnet corresponding to each rotor slot, the polarity of the magnets being an S pole or an N pole, and the polarities of the magnets in adjacent rotor slots being different; the rotor core provided with the magnets is arranged above the stator, and the rotor slots and the stator slots are arranged opposite each other; the double-layer conductor module of the nth coil of the stator and the first conductor of the nth coil correspond to magnets of different polarities.

[0008] Optionally, the length of the magnetic steel in the radial direction of the rotor core is smaller than the length of the first conductor of the stator in the stator slot.

[0009] Optionally, the slot width of the stator slot is equal to the first distance; the first distance is the distance between adjacent edges of adjacent magnetic steels.

[0010] Optionally, the distance between the double-layer conductor module of the nth coil and the first conductor of the nth coil is equal to the second distance; the second distance is the distance between the centers of adjacent magnetic steels.

[0011] A motor comprises: a rotor core, magnetic steel, and the stator described above, wherein the magnetic steel is arranged in rotor slots of the rotor core, each rotor slot corresponds to one magnetic steel, the polarity of the magnetic steel is an S pole or an N pole, and the polarity of the magnetic steel in adjacent rotor slots is different; the rotor core provided with the magnetic steel is annularly sleeved on the outside of the stator core, and the rotor slots and the stator slots of the stator are arranged opposite to each other, and the double-layer conductor module of the nth coil of the stator and the first conductor of the nth coil correspond to magnetic steel of different polarity.

[0012] Optionally, the axial length of the magnetic steel in the rotor core is smaller than the length of the first conductor of the stator in the stator slot.

[0013] Optionally, the slot width of the stator slot is equal to the first distance; the first distance is the distance between adjacent edges of adjacent magnetic steels.

[0014] Optionally, the distance between the double-layer conductor module of the nth coil and the first conductor of the nth coil is equal to the second distance; the second distance is the distance between the centers of adjacent magnetic steels.

[0015] According to the specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects: the present invention arranges the second conductor and the third conductor side by side up and down, so that the two conductors have a capacitive effect under high-frequency pulse potential excitation, and the electric field excited by the two conductors is mostly perpendicular to the direction of charge movement, which is similar to an ideal dual transmission line. When the current flows through the conductors, the loss is reduced, and the electric load density of the motor can be increased, thereby achieving high density of the motor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the coil in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the stator according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the composition of the stator of Example 2 of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the rotor core and magnetic steel of the motor in embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the composition of the rotor core and magnetic steel of the motor according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of a motor according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a view from perspective A of the motor according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the relationship between the coil corresponding to one phase of the three-phase winding of the motor and the magnetic field, and the connection relationship between the coils in the slots, according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 9Schematic diagram of the magnetic flux density distribution area of the conductor in the stator of the motor and the magnetic field generated by the rotor magnets acting on the conductor in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the relationship between the double-layer conductor module, the stator slots, and the magnetic steel when the second conductor and the third conductor of the motor of Example 3 of the present invention are cylindrical;

[0027] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the relationship among the first conductor, stator slots, and magnetic steel when the first conductor of the motor of Example 3 of the present invention is cylindrical;

[0028] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the relationship among the double-layer conductor module, the stator slots and the magnetic steel when the second conductor and the third conductor of the motor of Example 3 of the present invention are in the shape of square columns.

[0029] Explanation of symbols:

[0030] 10-first connecting conductor, 11-first conductor, 12-double-layer conductor module, 13-second conductor, 14-third conductor, 15-second connecting conductor, 41-magnetic steel, 42-rotor core, 43-stator core, 44-stator teeth, 45-stator slots, A-coil input end, X-coil output end, d-outer diameter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] The present invention provides a winding, stator, and motor. By arranging a second conductor and a third conductor side by side vertically, the present invention creates a capacitive effect when the two conductors are excited by a high-frequency pulse potential. The electric field generated by the two conductors is largely perpendicular to the direction of charge movement, similar to an ideal dual transmission line. Current losses are reduced when flowing through the conductors, thereby increasing the electrical load density of the motor and achieving a high-density motor.

[0033] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] like Figure 1As shown, a winding includes: multiple coils; each coil is a 1.5-turn coil, comprising a double-layer body module 12, a first conductor 11, and a connecting conductor module; the double-layer conductor module 12 and the first conductor 11 are connected via the connecting conductor module; the double-layer conductor module 12 includes a second conductor 13 and a third conductor 14; the connecting conductor module includes a first connecting conductor 10 and a second connecting conductor 15; the second conductor 13 and the third conductor 14 are arranged side by side, the input end of the second conductor 13 being the coil input end A, the output end of the third conductor 14 being the coil output end X, the output end of the second conductor 13 being connected to the input end of the first conductor 11 via the first connecting conductor 10, and the output end of the first conductor 11 being connected to the input end of the third conductor 14 via the second connecting conductor 15. The double-layer conductor module 12 and the connecting conductor module are welded; the first conductor 11 and the connecting conductor module are welded. The first conductor 11, the second conductor 13, the third conductor 14, the first connecting conductor 10, and the second connecting conductor 15 can be in the shape of a square column or a cylinder.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0037] 1. By arranging the second conductor and the third conductor side by side up and down, the two conductors have a capacitive effect under high-frequency pulse potential excitation, and the loss is reduced when the current flows through the conductors. When the above winding is used in a motor, the electric load density of the motor can be increased, thereby achieving high density of the motor.

[0038] 2. The winding arrangement is simple, the end conductor length is short, the leakage reactance is small and the heat dissipation effect is good.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] like Figure 2-Figure 3As shown, a stator comprises: a stator core 43 and the winding described in Example 1; m stator slots are evenly distributed on the stator core 43; a double-layer conductor module (second conductor 13 and third conductor 14) of the nth coil of the winding and the first conductor of the nth coil of the winding are separated by multiple stator slots, the double-layer conductor module of the nth coil of the winding is arranged in the kth stator slot of the stator core 43 along the slot edge of the kth stator slot, and the first conductor of the nth coil of the winding is arranged along the k+bth stator slot. The slot edge of the slot is arranged in the k+bth stator slot of the stator core 43; the double-layer conductor module of the n+1th coil of the winding is arranged in the k+bth stator slot of the stator core 43 along the slot edge of the k+bth stator slot, and the first conductor of the n+1th coil of the winding is arranged in the k+bth stator slot of the stator core 43 along the slot edge of the k+b+cth stator slot, c can be equal to b or not equal to b, wherein 1≤n<m, 1≤k<m, 1≤b<m, 1≤c<m.

[0041] Example 3

[0042] A motor with an axial magnetic flux forming a main magnetic circuit, comprising: a rotor core 42, a magnetic steel 41 and the stator described in Example 2, as shown in FIG. Figure 4-Figure 5 As shown, the magnets 41 are disposed in the rotor slots of the rotor core 42. The distance between the double-layer conductor modules and the first conductor of the same stator coil is similar to the distance between the magnets 41 in adjacent rotor slots, and is divided into three categories: equal to the pole pitch, shorter than the pole pitch, and longer than the pole pitch.

[0043] The arrangement of equal pole distance is as follows Figure 6 As shown, the distances between the double-layer conductor modules of all coils and the first conductor 11 are equal. One rotor slot corresponds to one magnet 41, and the polarity of the magnet 41 is S-pole or N-pole. The polarities of the magnets 41 in adjacent rotor slots are different. Figure 7 This is a view from A of the motor of this embodiment. The relationship between the coil and the magnetic field of one phase of the three-phase winding and the connection relationship of the coil in the slot are as follows: Figure 8 As shown, according to the input and output potential directions of the coils in the motor magnetic field, the coils are connected in series to form the windings of the same phase. Figure 9As shown, the length of the magnetic flux covering the second conductor 13 and the third conductor 14 is shorter than the length of the second conductor 13 and the third conductor 14 in the stator slot 45 , and the stator teeth 44 are between adjacent stator slots 45 . A rotor core 42 equipped with the magnetic steel 41 is disposed above the stator, with the rotor slots and the stator slots 45 arranged opposite each other. The double-layer conductor module of the nth coil of the stator and the first conductor 11 of the nth coil correspond to magnetic steel 41 of different polarity. The radial length of the magnetic steel 41 in the rotor core 42 is shorter than the length of the first conductor 11 of the stator within the stator slot 45. To stimulate the capacitance effect within the edges of the double-conductor coil and ensure the orderly movement of charge, a rapid change in magnetic field density (pulse change) is generated in the axial direction of the conductor. The outer diameter d of the conductor within the stator slot 45 is designed to be close to the slot width of the stator slot 45. The slot width of the stator slot 45 is equal to the first distance. The first distance is the distance between adjacent edges of the magnetic steel 41. The distance between the double-layer conductor module of the nth coil and the first conductor 11 of the nth coil is equal to the second distance. The second distance is the distance between the centers of adjacent magnetic steel 41.

[0044] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the relationship between the double-layer conductor module, stator slots and magnetic steel when the second conductor and the third conductor are cylindrical in this embodiment. Figure 11 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between the first conductor, the stator slot, and the magnetic steel when the first conductor is cylindrical in this embodiment. In the figure, the outer diameter of the conductor is the diameter of the cylinder, which is close to the slot width of the stator slot 45. The slot width of the stator slot 45 is equal to the first distance; the first distance is the distance between adjacent sides of the magnetic steel 41. Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the relationship between the double-layer conductor module, stator slots, and magnetic steel when the second and third conductors are square-prism-shaped in this embodiment. In the figure, the outer diameter of the conductor is close to the width of the stator slot 45, and the width of the stator slot 45 is equal to the first distance; the first distance is the distance between adjacent sides of the adjacent magnetic steel 41.

[0045] The principle of this embodiment is:

[0046] The double-layer conductor module, consisting of a second and third conductor arranged one above the other, exhibits the characteristics of a dual-conductor transmission line, namely, a significant capacitance effect between the conductors. The charges of the upper and lower conductors are located on the adjacent conductors, acting like the two plates of a capacitor. When stimulated by a magnetic field, traveling currents are induced in the double-layer conductors. A magnet generates an alternating magnetic field perpendicular to the conductors and creates relative motion with the double-layer conductor module. The magnetic lines of force cut through the second and third conductors of the double-layer conductor module, generating alternating induced potentials in the second and third conductors. Simultaneously, an electric field is generated between the second and third conductors, creating a capacitance effect. Through the special design of the magnetic field, high-frequency potential pulses are applied to the second and third conductors, causing electromagnetic oscillations in the second and third conductors. This causes the charges on the two conductors to accumulate and dissipate, leading to a more orderly pattern of charge accumulation and dissipation. The previously chaotic charge on the two conductors becomes more orderly, and the electromagnetic energy within the two conductors is conducted as waves. The Poynting vector entering the conductors is significantly reduced, achieving low-loss power transmission.

[0047] Example 4

[0048] A motor whose magnetic flux forms a main magnetic circuit in a radial direction, which is different from the motor of Example 3 in that: the rotor core 42 provided with the magnetic steel 41 is annularly sleeved on the outside of the stator core 43, and the rotor slots and the stator slots 45 of the stator are arranged opposite to each other.

[0049] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0050] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only intended to help understand the method and core concept of the present invention. At the same time, those skilled in the art will find that the specific implementation methods and application scopes may vary based on the concept of the present invention. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A stator, characterized in that: include: Stator core and winding; the winding includes: multiple coils; the coil includes a double-layer conductor module, a first conductor and a connecting conductor module; the coil is a 1.5-turn coil; the double-layer conductor module and the first conductor are connected through the connecting conductor module; the double-layer conductor module includes: a second conductor and a third conductor; the connecting conductor module includes: a first connecting conductor and a second connecting conductor; the second conductor and the third conductor are arranged side by side, the output end of the second conductor is connected to the input end of the first conductor through the first connecting conductor, and the output end of the first conductor is connected to the input end of the third conductor through the second connecting conductor ; m stator slots are evenly distributed on the stator core; the double-layer conductor module of the nth coil of the winding is arranged in the kth stator slot of the stator core along the slot edge of the kth stator slot, and the first conductor of the nth coil of the winding is arranged in the k+bth stator slot of the stator core along the slot edge of the k+bth stator slot; the double-layer conductor module of the n+1th coil of the winding is arranged in the k+bth stator slot of the stator core along the slot edge of the k+bth stator slot, and the first conductor of the n+1th coil of the winding is arranged in the k+b+cth stator slot of the stator core along the slot edge of the k+b+cth stator slot, wherein, 、 、 、 .

2. A motor, characterized in that: include: A rotor core, a magnet, and the stator according to claim 1, wherein the magnet is arranged in the rotor slot of the rotor core, one rotor slot corresponds to one magnet, the polarity of the magnet is S pole or N pole, and the polarity of the magnets in adjacent rotor slots is different; the rotor core provided with the magnet is arranged above the stator, and the rotor slot and the stator slot are arranged opposite to each other; the double-layer conductor module of the nth coil of the stator and the first conductor of the nth coil correspond to magnets of different polarities.

3. The motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The length of the magnetic steel in the radial direction of the rotor core is smaller than the length of the first conductor of the stator in the stator slot.

4. The motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The slot width of the stator slot is equal to the first distance; the first distance is the distance between adjacent sides of the adjacent magnetic steels.

5. The motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The distance between the double-layer conductor module of the nth coil and the first conductor of the nth coil is equal to the second distance; the second distance is the distance between the centers of adjacent magnetic steels.

6. A motor, characterized in that: include: A rotor core, a magnet, and the stator according to claim 1, wherein the magnet is arranged in the rotor slot of the rotor core, one rotor slot corresponds to one magnet, the polarity of the magnet is S pole or N pole, and the polarity of the magnets in adjacent rotor slots is different; the rotor core ring provided with the magnet is sleeved on the outside of the stator core, and the rotor slot and the stator slot of the stator are arranged relative to each other, and the double-layer conductor module of the nth coil of the stator and the first conductor of the nth coil correspond to magnets of different polarities.

7. The motor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The length of the magnetic steel in the axial direction of the rotor core is smaller than the length of the first conductor of the stator in the stator slot.

8. The motor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The slot width of the stator slot is equal to the first distance; the first distance is the distance between adjacent sides of the adjacent magnetic steels.

9. The motor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The distance between the double-layer conductor module of the nth coil and the first conductor of the nth coil is equal to the second distance; the second distance is the distance between the centers of adjacent magnetic steels.

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