A construction device for roof protection of coal-bearing stratum chamber

Abstract

The present invention provides a construction device for protecting the roof of a coal-bearing stratum chamber, the construction device comprising: a chamber, a first tunnel, a second tunnel, a third tunnel, a fourth tunnel and a plurality of fifth tunnels, the first tunnel, the second tunnel and the third tunnel being arranged outside the chamber, the first tunnel and the second tunnel being arranged obliquely relative to the horizontal line, the fourth tunnel being arranged inside the chamber, the first tunnel being connected to the second tunnel and the fourth tunnel respectively, the third tunnel being arranged at the top of the chamber, the third tunnel being connected to the second tunnel; a plurality of the fifth tunnels being arranged at the top of the chamber, and a plurality of the fifth tunnels being connected to the third tunnel. By designing a construction device for protecting the roof of a coal-bearing stratum chamber, the construction inside the chamber can use trackless equipment to discharge slag, thereby improving work efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of chamber construction, and in particular to a construction device for protecting the roof of a chamber in a coal-bearing stratum. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous mining of underground projects in metal and non-metal mines, the development area gradually extends to the deep. In the process of tunnel development, uneven rock distribution, complex hydrogeological conditions, stress concentration, rock fragmentation, coal series and other unfavorable rock formations have become a major problem in the process of engineering construction. With the continuous promotion of mechanized construction in mines, the requirements for hoisting equipment are getting higher and higher, and the requirements for the cross-section of hoisting equipment chambers are also getting larger and larger. The research on the construction technology of super-large chambers under high-stress unfavorable rock formations is particularly important.

[0003] In order to solve this problem, the existing technology adopts: a comprehensive construction method of a single-sided guide tunnel and longitudinal and transverse positive steps, a construction method of a downward layered central guide tunnel, an upward inclined double guide tunnel on both sides and a downward layered construction method, with the layers being enlarged separately, and a layered guide tunnel being an arch first and then a wall.

[0004] The existing technology has the following disadvantages: trackless equipment cannot be used for slag removal during construction in the tunnel, resulting in low efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a construction device for protecting the roof of a coal-bearing stratum chamber, so that trackless equipment can be used for slag discharge during construction in the chamber.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a construction device for protecting the roof of a coal-bearing stratum chamber, which includes: a chamber, a first tunnel, a second tunnel, a third tunnel, a fourth tunnel and a plurality of fifth tunnels, the first tunnel, the second tunnel and the third tunnel are arranged outside the chamber, the first tunnel and the second tunnel are inclined relative to the horizontal line, the fourth tunnel is arranged inside the chamber, the first tunnel is connected with the second tunnel and the fourth tunnel respectively, the third tunnel is arranged at the top of the chamber, and the third tunnel is connected with the second tunnel; a plurality of fifth tunnels are arranged at the top of the chamber, and a plurality of fifth tunnels are all connected with the third tunnel.

[0007] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by designing a construction device for coal-bearing stratum chamber roof protection, the construction inside the chamber can use trackless equipment to discharge slag, thereby improving work efficiency; the setting of the first tunnel, the second tunnel, the third tunnel and the fourth tunnel facilitates the entry of tank trucks into the tunnels, thereby improving work efficiency, reducing the difficulty of safety management, and improving construction safety; the setting of multiple fifth tunnels is used to construct the chamber roof protection and transport coal gas, thereby improving the load strength of the chamber roof protection and improving construction safety and reliability.

[0008] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows.

[0009] Furthermore, the plurality of fifth tunnels are arranged parallel to each other, and the plurality of fifth tunnels are arranged perpendicular to the axis of the third tunnel.

[0010] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that multiple fifth tunnels are arranged in parallel with each other to construct the chamber roof protection, thereby improving the load strength of the chamber roof protection and improving the construction safety and reliability.

[0011] Furthermore, a plurality of the fifth tunnels are connected in sequence, the chamber is a rectangular parallelepiped, and the boundaries of the plurality of the fifth tunnels as a whole are all protruding from the boundaries of the chamber.

[0012] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that a plurality of fifth tunnels are connected and arranged in sequence to construct the chamber roof protection, thereby improving the load strength of the chamber roof protection and improving the construction safety and reliability.

[0013] Furthermore, the bottom plate sides of the plurality of the fifth tunnels and the third tunnel are provided with a first steel bar layer and a first concrete layer, and the first concrete layer is coated on the outside of the first steel bar layer; the bottom of the plurality of the fifth tunnels is provided with a second steel bar layer and a second concrete layer.

[0014] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is: the setting of multiple fifth tunnels can reduce the construction cost, increase the load strength of the chamber roof protection, and improve the construction safety and reliability while ensuring the safety of the roof protection.

[0015] Furthermore, cross-sections of the first tunnel, the second tunnel, the third tunnel and the fourth tunnel are all three-center arch structures.

[0016] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that the cross-sections of the first tunnel, the second tunnel, the third tunnel and the fourth tunnel are all three-center arch structures, which facilitates the circulation of trackless equipment and vehicles in the tunnels, improves work efficiency and reduces construction difficulty.

[0017] Advantages of additional aspects of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the construction device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 The second structural schematic diagram of the construction device provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 The third structural schematic diagram of the construction device provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 The fourth structural schematic diagram of the construction device provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 The fifth structural schematic diagram of the construction device provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1-chamber; 2-conveying mechanism; 3-first tunnel; 4-second tunnel; 5-third tunnel; 6-fourth tunnel; 7-fifth tunnel; 8-first steel bar layer; 9-second steel bar layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the construction device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 The second structural schematic diagram of the construction device provided in the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 The third structural schematic diagram of the construction device provided in the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 The fourth structural schematic diagram of the construction device provided in the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 The fifth structural schematic diagram of the construction device provided in the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 The turning structure design of the second tunnel is to reduce the slope of the second tunnel and facilitate vehicle driving.

[0026] An embodiment of the present invention provides a construction device for protecting the roof of a coal-bearing stratum chamber, comprising: a chamber 1, a first tunnel 3, a second tunnel 4, a third tunnel 5, a fourth tunnel 6 and a plurality of fifth tunnels 7, wherein the first tunnel 3, the second tunnel 4 and the third tunnel 5 are arranged outside the chamber 1, the first tunnel 3 and the second tunnel 4 are arranged obliquely relative to the horizontal line, the fourth tunnel 6 is arranged inside the chamber 1, the first tunnel 3 is connected with the second tunnel 4 and the fourth tunnel 6 respectively, the third tunnel 5 is arranged at the top of the chamber 1, and the third tunnel 5 is connected with the second tunnel 4; a plurality of fifth tunnels 7 are arranged at the top of the chamber 1, and the plurality of fifth tunnels 7 are all connected with the third tunnel 5.

[0027] By designing a construction device for coal-bearing stratum chamber roof protection, trackless equipment can be used for slag discharge during construction in the chamber, thereby improving work efficiency.

[0028] The embodiment of the present invention provides a construction device for protecting the roof of a super-large chamber in a high-stress coal-bearing stratum, including an outer ramp of the chamber and an approach-type fully cemented filling mining construction process, which effectively solves the problems of soft rock, poor self-stabilization ability, easy collapse, slow progress, and low safety factor during the construction of a large chamber in a high-stress coal-bearing stratum. In view of the broken coal-bearing rock strata and high ground pressure on the chamber roof, the embodiment of the present invention uses the "downward approach-type fully cemented filling mining method" construction process, arranges an approach on the upper part of the chamber roof, and uses reinforced concrete for backfilling after the approach excavation is completed. Reinforced steel lap joints are reserved between the approaches, and a stable reinforced concrete roof is formed after filling, creating safe and reliable construction conditions for chamber excavation.

[0029] The scheme of the embodiment of the present invention is suitable for the construction of extra-large chambers in non-coal mines with poor rock stability, prone to roof collapse, coal-bearing strata, carbonaceous shale, quartz sandstone intercalated with muddy shale and other unfavorable rock strata.

[0030] A construction device for protecting the roof of a large chamber in a high-stress coal-bearing stratum includes an outer ramp outside the chamber and an approach-type fully cemented filling mining construction process. A ramp is constructed outside the chamber to the chamber roof, and a horizontal tunnel is constructed on the top of the chamber to penetrate the chamber; above the chamber roof, seven approaches are arranged vertically to the upper horizontal tunnel of the chamber; the seven approaches are constructed in accordance with the principle of "mining every three", with short excavation and short support, one approach is constructed, and one approach is filled; steel bars are arranged on the sides of the seven approaches and the bottom plates of the horizontal tunnels, tied and connected, partially welded, and finally filled to form a concrete integral false roof to ensure the safety of the chamber roof and the safe and rapid construction of the chamber.

[0031] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: using the ramp outside the chamber to extend to the top of the chamber, drawing on the approach-type fully cemented filling mining construction process, the chamber roof (i.e., the chamber roof) is formed into a concrete integral false roof. The chamber construction is carried out under the false roof, which ensures the inherent safety of the construction project from the perspective of technical innovation; the ramp outside the chamber, the lane, and the approach are the up and down passages for personnel and materials. On the one hand, the trackless construction improves efficiency, and on the other hand, ventilation and passages solve the problem of difficult safety management; after the false roof of the chamber is formed, the large chamber is constructed with the ramp inside the chamber, drawing on the guide tunnel and layered construction method, which not only reduces the difficulty of safety management, but also greatly improves the construction efficiency, and also creates economic benefits (safety is the greatest benefit).

[0032] Furthermore, the cross-section of the outer ramp of the cave chamber is increased to a three-center arch of 3m*2.8m.

[0033] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further scheme are: the ramp outside the cavern and the access road are excavated single-headed, and the diameter of the wind duct is considered to be 600mm to ensure that the working environment is well ventilated.

[0034] Furthermore, an access route is arranged on the top of the chamber, and all four sides extend 2m beyond the boundaries of the top of the chamber.

[0035] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that the false roof is reduced by 1m beyond the boundary of the chamber roof, thereby reducing the construction cost while ensuring the safety of the roof.

[0036] Furthermore, the approach is excavated with steel arch support and cement backfill is added to make it dense.

[0037] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further scheme are: there are gaps in the construction of the coal-bearing stratum steel arch frame and the advanced pipe shed, and the cement backboard is densely filled to ensure the safety of the coal-bearing stratum construction and increase the safety benefits. The setting of the first tunnel 3, the second tunnel 4, the third tunnel 5 and the fourth tunnel 6 enables the use of trackless equipment for slag discharge during the construction in the chamber, improves work efficiency, reduces the difficulty of safety management, and improves construction safety. The setting of multiple fifth tunnels is used to construct the chamber roof protection, improve the load strength of the chamber roof protection, and improve construction safety and reliability.

[0038] Furthermore, the plurality of fifth tunnels 7 are arranged parallel to each other, and the plurality of fifth tunnels 7 are arranged perpendicular to the axis of the third tunnel 5 .

[0039] Multiple fifth tunnels are arranged in parallel with each other to construct the chamber roof protection, improve the load strength of the chamber roof protection, and improve the construction safety and reliability.

[0040] Furthermore, the plurality of the fifth tunnels 7 are connected in sequence, the chamber 1 is a rectangular parallelepiped, and the boundaries of the plurality of the fifth tunnels 7 as a whole are all protruding from the boundaries of the chamber 1 .

[0041] Multiple fifth tunnels are connected in sequence to construct a chamber roof protection, thereby increasing the load strength of the chamber roof protection and improving construction safety and reliability.

[0042] Furthermore, the overall perimeter of the plurality of fifth tunnels 7 protrudes from the boundary of the chamber 1 by 3 meters, and the distance between the third tunnel 5 and the boundary of the chamber 1 is 3 meters.

[0043] The overall boundaries of multiple fifth tunnels protrude from the boundaries of the chamber by 3 meters, which reduces the construction cost while ensuring the safety of the roof protection.

[0044] Furthermore, the number of the plurality of fifth tunnels 7 is 7, and the bottom plate sides of the plurality of fifth tunnels 7 and the third tunnel 5 are provided with a first steel bar layer 8 and a first concrete layer, and the first concrete layer is coated on the outside of the first steel bar layer 8; the bottom of the plurality of fifth tunnels is provided with a second steel bar layer 9 and a second concrete layer.

[0045] The number of the plurality of fifth tunnels is 7, which reduces the construction cost, improves the load strength of the chamber roof protection, and improves the construction safety and reliability while ensuring the safety of the roof protection.

[0046] Furthermore, the cross-sections of the first tunnel 3 , the second tunnel 4 , the third tunnel 5 , and the fourth tunnel 6 are all three-center arch structures.

[0047] The cross-sections of the first tunnel 3, the second tunnel 4, the third tunnel 5 and the fourth tunnel 6 are all three-center arch structures, which facilitates the circulation of trackless equipment and vehicles in the tunnels, improves work efficiency and reduces construction difficulty.

[0048] The embodiment of the present invention provides a construction device for protecting the roof of a large chamber in a high-stress coal-bearing stratum, such as Figure 1 As shown in the figure: a ramp is constructed outside the chamber to the top of the chamber, and a horizontal tunnel is constructed on the top of the chamber to pass through the chamber; Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown in the figure: above the roof of the chamber, seven access routes are arranged vertically in the upper lane of the chamber; Figure 4 As shown: steel bars are arranged on the bottom plate of each access road, tied and connected, and lap joints are reserved, which are then filled with concrete.

[0049] The slope of the ramp outside the cave is sufficient for the operation of a 1 cubic scraper, and the cross-sectional specification is a 2.4m*2.6m three-center arch. The position of the horizontal tunnel outside the cave is 3m beyond the boundary of the cave. The length of the access road arranged perpendicular to the horizontal tunnel must exceed the boundary of the cave by 3m. The excavation and masonry of the access road adopts short excavation and short support, and the support form adopts plain spraying + steel arch frame + advanced pipe shed + anchor mesh spraying. The reinforcement of the bottom plate of the access road and the requirements are strictly in accordance with Figure 4 During the installation, the steel bar lap joints should be reserved to ensure that the steel bars on the top of the chamber are connected as a whole. The access road is filled twice, and the concrete strength is different each time. It is strictly implemented according to the design requirements. C20 concrete is used for filling below 1.5m, and C15 concrete is used for filling above. C15 concrete is used for filling the horizontal tunnel on the top of the chamber.

[0050] The working principle of the construction device described in the present invention is introduced as follows: its working steps include construction of a ramp outside the cavern, construction of a horizontal tunnel on the top of the cavern, excavation and masonry of the approach road on the top of the cavern, reinforcement of the approach road, filling of the approach road, and filling of the horizontal tunnel.

[0051] The detailed working conditions are as follows:

[0052] 1. Construction of ramp outside the cavern: According to the cross-sectional specifications of the cavern, taking into account the safe operation of the scraper and pedestrians and the layout of the wind tunnel wind pipes, the cross-sectional parameters of the ramp are designed, and the support form of the ramp is determined by the surrounding rock geological conditions. The ramp outside the cavern is strictly constructed to the elevation of the cavern roof.

[0053] 2. Construction of horizontal tunnel on the top of the chamber: The cross-sectional size and support parameters are the same as those of the ramp, and the horizontal tunnel is arranged at 3m from the boundary of the chamber.

[0054] 3. Excavation and masonry of the access road at the top of the chamber: The access road is arranged 3m beyond the boundary of the chamber, and the construction is carried out according to the principle of "three mined every other section", with short excavation and short support, and temporary support by plain spraying + steel arch frame + advanced pipe shed + anchor net spraying.

[0055] 4. Reinforcement of approach: Each approach shall be installed with steel bars strictly in accordance with the design requirements, and steel bar lap joints shall be reserved. The reserved steel bars in the bottom plate shall be welded and connected with the upper double-layer steel bars, and the double-layer steel bars shall be tied and overlapped.

[0056] 5. Filling of the approach road (i.e. the fifth tunnel): After the steel bars are installed, pouring is carried out in two times. The first pouring height is 1.5m, and the second pouring is to the top. The concrete strength of the first pouring is C20, and the concrete strength of the second pouring is C15.

[0057] 6. Tunnel filling: The tunnel section (i.e. the third tunnel) adopts double-layer steel bars filled with concrete at the bottom. The concrete strength is C15. The double-layer steel bars are welded with the reserved steel bars of the approach to form a whole.

[0058] In addition, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a construction device for coal-bearing stratum chamber roof protection, based on any one of the above-mentioned construction devices for coal-bearing stratum chamber roof protection, the construction device includes:

[0059] Set up a conveying mechanism that facilitates the circulation of trackless equipment;

[0060] Connect the conveying mechanism with the chamber;

[0061] A chamber roof guard is arranged on the top of the chamber through the conveying mechanism.

[0062] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that by designing a construction device for coal-bearing stratum chamber roof protection, trackless equipment can be used for slag discharge during construction in the chamber, thereby improving work efficiency.

[0063] Furthermore, the step of setting a chamber roof protection on the top of the chamber by the conveying mechanism includes:

[0064] Arranging a plurality of fifth tunnels on the top of the chamber by the conveying mechanism;

[0065] The first reinforcement layer is provided on the bottom slab side of multiple fifth tunnels;

[0066] A first concrete layer is covered on the outside of the first steel bar layer to form a roof protection of the chamber.

[0067] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is: by designing a construction device for the roof protection of the coal-bearing stratum chamber, the construction in the chamber can use trackless equipment to discharge slag, thereby improving work efficiency.

[0068] The embodiment of the present invention provides a construction device for protecting the roof of a large cavern in a high-stress coal-bearing stratum, including an outer ramp of the cavern and a road-type fully cemented filling mining construction process. Figure 1 As shown in the figure: a ramp (i.e. the first tunnel, the second tunnel and the third tunnel) is constructed outside the chamber to the top of the chamber, and a horizontal tunnel is constructed on the top of the chamber to pass through the chamber; Figure 2 , 3 As shown in the figure: above the roof of the chamber, seven access routes (i.e. the fifth tunnel) are arranged vertically in the upper lane of the chamber; Figure 4 As shown: the bottom plate of each approach (i.e. the fifth tunnel) is arranged with steel bars (i.e. the first steel bar layer), tied and connected, and lap joints are reserved, and then filled with concrete.

[0069] First, a ramp is constructed outside the cavern to the cavern roof, and the ramp is turned to a flat construction lane that crosses the cavern roof. Drawing on the approach-type fully cemented filling mining process, seven approaches are constructed on the upper part of the roof and filled to form a concrete false roof to ensure the safety of the cavern excavation. The cross-section of the ramp outside the cavern and the top lane only needs to meet the safe operation of a 1 cubic scraper, and the specification adopts a 2.4m*2.6m three-center arch section. The ramp and lane construction in the coal-bearing stratum adopt plain spraying + steel arch frame (advanced pipe shed) + anchor mesh spraying support. The approach is arranged on the cavern roof, and all four sides exceed the boundary of the cavern roof by 3m. The approach to the top of the cavern is excavated and supported on the principle of "three mining every three". Each access branch is excavated in the coal-bearing strata. The access specifications meet the operation of the scraper and are determined according to the chamber section. The access specifications in the present invention are 2.6m*2.6m three-center arch section, and the support form adopts plain spraying + steel arch frame + advanced pipe shed + anchor net spraying.

[0070] Furthermore, the reinforcement cage layout method of reinforced concrete beams is referred to in the access road, with double-layer steel bars laid at the bottom and single-layer steel bars at the top and both sides. The steel bars are overlapped by tying, with a lap length of 40d, and the intersections are also tied with wire. The main reinforcement is Φ18@250mm, along the long axis of the chamber; the secondary reinforcement Vertical to the long axis of the chamber, the spacing between the top and bottom layers of steel bars is 1500mm, and the spacing between the bottom double layers of steel bars is 300mm; the vertical bars are Φ18@750×750mm, with 200mm reserved at the bottom to connect to the concrete of the chamber arch, and 500mm above the top layer of steel bars to enhance the overall concrete strength, with a total length of 2200mm. Double-layer steel bars are laid on the bottom plate of the flat slope section of the top plate ramp, with main bars Φ18@300mm, laid along the long axis of the chamber; secondary bars Vertical to the long axis of the chamber; double-layer reinforcement spacing is 400mm, and the protective layer thickness is 50mm.

[0071] If the side of the approach road is the surrounding rock, the bottom double-layer steel bars are reserved for 500mm each as the lap reinforcement of the adjacent approach roads; if it is concrete, the reserved 500mm steel bars are straightened and welded; the steel bars of the false roof are formed into an integral double-layer steel mesh. Within the excavation range of the arch of the chamber, Φ18 threaded steel bars are embedded vertically to the bottom plate as the vertical bars and the tension bars when pouring the arch. The reserved length is 0.2m, the mesh size is 750mm×750mm, and it is fixed by welding with double-layer steel bars. The false roof (i.e. the chamber roof) is poured by 7 reinforced concrete beams, the lower 1.5m concrete strength is C20, and the upper 1m concrete strength is C15. Considering the overall stability of the top plate, the ramp flat section adopts the bottom laying of double-layer steel bars filled with concrete, and the concrete strength is C15. The top 7 approaches are filled and connected into a concrete integral false roof to ensure the safety of the chamber excavation.

[0072] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction device for protecting the roof of a coal-bearing stratum chamber, characterized in that: include: A chamber, a first tunnel, a second tunnel, a third tunnel, a fourth tunnel and a plurality of fifth tunnels, wherein the first tunnel, the second tunnel and the third tunnel are arranged outside the chamber, the first tunnel and the second tunnel are arranged obliquely relative to a horizontal line, the fourth tunnel is arranged inside the chamber, the first tunnel is communicated with the second tunnel and the fourth tunnel respectively, the third tunnel is arranged at the top of the chamber, and the third tunnel is communicated with the second tunnel; Multiple fifth tunnels are arranged at the top of the chamber, and multiple fifth tunnels are connected to the third tunnel; multiple fifth tunnels are arranged in parallel with each other, and multiple fifth tunnels are arranged perpendicular to the axis of the third tunnel; multiple fifth tunnels are connected in sequence, the chamber is a rectangular parallelepiped, and the overall boundaries of multiple fifth tunnels are all protruding from the boundaries of the chamber; the bottom plate sides of multiple fifth tunnels and the third tunnel are provided with a first steel bar layer and a first concrete layer, and the first concrete layer is coated on the outside of the first steel bar layer; the bottom of multiple fifth tunnels is provided with a second steel bar layer and a second concrete layer.

2. A construction device for coal-bearing stratum chamber roof protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sections of the first tunnel, the second tunnel, the third tunnel and the fourth tunnel are all three-center arch structures.

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