A through type welding tool platform suitable for splicing of plates with different thicknesses

Abstract

The application discloses a through type welding tool platform suitable for different-thickness plate splicing, which comprises a feeding and discharging mechanism and a pressing and welding mechanism. The feeding and discharging mechanism comprises a roller conveying mechanism, a height limiting device, a hydraulic jacking mechanism and a horizontal positioning mechanism. The hydraulic jacking mechanism comprises a plurality of four-column hydraulic lifts and a hydraulic jacking tool, and the horizontal positioning mechanism comprises a horizontal positioning cylinder and a horizontal positioning backstop. The pressing and welding mechanism comprises a feeding end welding pressing mechanism, a discharging end welding pressing mechanism and a welding backing plate moving mechanism. The feeding end welding pressing mechanism and the discharging end welding pressing mechanism each comprise a rack, an upper pressing mechanism and a lower pressing mechanism. The upper pressing mechanism and the lower pressing mechanism each comprise two-column hydraulic lifts and pressing clamps. The welding backing plate moving mechanism comprises two-rod pneumatic lifts and a welding backing plate. The application solves the problems of complicated feeding and discharging, clamping, positioning, upper surface alignment and welding backing plate sticking in the different-thickness plate splicing process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a welding and splicing technology for plates of varying thicknesses, and more particularly to a through-type welding fixture platform suitable for splicing plates of varying thicknesses. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, most welded plates of varying thicknesses are produced using either purely manual welding or manual positioning with robot-assisted welding. Manual welding involves operators using overhead cranes or other equipment to transfer steel plates onto welding fixtures. These fixtures typically have simple positioning devices and welding backing plates. After the operator manually adjusts and confirms the plate's position, the fixture clamps and secures it. Auxiliary tools are used to manually reverse the deformation at the weld joint. Finally, the welding and assembly are performed manually or by a robot, with manual alignment of the welding backing plates during the welding process. Currently, the automation level in this field is low; most fixtures require manual intervention to function, resulting in complex and numerous steps that consume significant human and material resources.

[0003] Explanation of relevant technical terms involved in this invention:

[0004] Welded panel assembly: refers to two plates that are joined together to form a single plate through welding.

[0005] Uneven thickness plate splicing: refers to the welding and splicing of two plates with different thicknesses;

[0006] Weld gap (joining gap): also known as joint gap, is the gap between two welded parts at the joint. The size of this gap has a direct impact on the quality of the weld.

[0007] Beveling quality and assembly quality: the beveling accuracy of the sheet metal and the assembly accuracy of the sheet metal placement before welding;

[0008] Welding deformation: During the welding process, the edges of the sheet are affected by high temperature, which causes the sheet to deform, easily leading to quality problems such as reduced welding strength and bending deformation of the sheet after welding.

[0009] Welding reverse deformation: In order to counteract the residual deformation of welding, the workpiece is artificially deformed in the opposite direction to the residual deformation before welding. This method is called welding reverse deformation.

[0010] Top surface alignment: This refers to the process requirement that the top surfaces of the two plates be flush during the splicing of plates of different thicknesses, while the thickness difference is reflected in the unevenness of the bottom surfaces.

[0011] Existing technology 1:

[0012] like Figure 1a , Figure 1bAs shown, a welding fixture for plates (authorization announcement number CN203003371U) is disclosed. This patent discloses a fixture adaptable to welding plates of varying thicknesses. Figure 1a This is the front view of the tooling. Figure 1b This is a side view of the protruding part of the fixture (clamping device). The fixture consists of three parts, from left to right: a fixed support, a welding table, and a movable support that can move up and down. When using the fixture, place the first plate to be welded on the left fixed support, and place the second plate to be welded (with a different thickness) on the right movable support. Adjust the position of the second plate using the movable support, and then use the clamping device to clamp the plates together, thus achieving the welding of plates of different thicknesses.

[0013] Disadvantages of existing technology 1:

[0014] 1. This technology cannot meet the requirement of reverse deformation of the sheet metal before welding;

[0015] 2. This technology cannot meet the requirements for splicing plates of varying thicknesses with aligned upper surfaces;

[0016] 3. This technology lacks a mechanism to limit the spacing between sheet metal units and cannot control the spacing between them.

[0017] 4. This technology lacks a mechanism to restrict the horizontal direction of the sheet metal, and therefore cannot effectively guarantee the straightness of the spliced ​​workpiece.

[0018] 5. This technology lacks a material loading and unloading mechanism;

[0019] 6. This technology only sets up a clamping mechanism on one side of the weld. During welding, the plate on the other side will deform due to the welding heat, causing changes in the gap between the plate assembly and reducing the welding quality.

[0020] Existing technology 2:

[0021] like Figure 2a , Figure 2b As shown, a positioning and centering device for a panel welding machine (authorization announcement number CN203875544U) is disclosed in this patent. This device discloses a panel welding fixture that can achieve centering and positioning functions during the welding of long plates. The technical solution of the device is as follows: 61 and 62 are two plates to be welded, and 1 is a cylinder. The extension and retraction of cylinder 1 can drive components 2, 3, and 4 to move up and down. When the device is working, the positioning block 2 centers and positions the plates 61 and 62, and then the clamping mechanism fixes the plates (not shown in the figure). Subsequently, the output shaft of cylinder 1 falls, causing components 2, 3, and 4 to descend. After the positioning hole and cylindrical pin drive the platform 5 back to its original position, the panel welding operation of the two plates 61 and 62 can be performed.

[0022] Disadvantages of existing technology 2:

[0023] 1. This technology cannot solve the positioning requirements for splicing plates of varying thicknesses, especially the requirements for splicing plates of varying thicknesses where the upper surfaces are required to be flush.

[0024] 2. This technology lacks an automatic sheet material feeding device, and therefore cannot meet the functions of automatic feeding, positioning, and clamping;

[0025] 3. This technology cannot adjust the width of the butt weld through a mechanism;

[0026] 4. This technology cannot achieve reverse deformation before welding;

[0027] 5. The welding backing device of this technology cannot move up and down automatically.

[0028] Existing technology three:

[0029] like Figure 3 As shown in the figure, a plate welding platform (application publication number CN110587314A) discloses a device for a plate welding platform that can realize milling and welding of long plates in one device. The technical solution is shown in the figure. Devices 50 and 51 are used to position the weld seam of two plates, and mechanism 221 is used to adjust the position of one side of the plate, thereby adjusting the weld seam width. During operation, after the plates are clamped, the milling cutter at 41 first performs the beveling. The mechanism at 40 drives the milling cutter to move up and down, and then the weld seam position is adjusted through mechanism 221, finally performing the plate welding.

[0030] The disadvantages of existing technology three:

[0031] The existing technology cannot solve the positioning requirements of splicing plates of varying thicknesses, especially the requirements for splicing plates of varying thicknesses that require flush positioning of the upper surfaces.

[0032] The existing technology cannot achieve reverse deformation before welding;

[0033] This existing technology lacks a horizontal positioning device;

[0034] The existing technology cannot meet the welding requirements that require the addition of welding backing. Summary of the Invention

[0035] The purpose of this invention is to provide a through-type welding fixture platform suitable for splicing plates of varying thicknesses.

[0036] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0037] The present invention provides a through-type welding fixture platform suitable for splicing plates of varying thicknesses, including a loading and unloading mechanism and a clamping welding mechanism.

[0038] The loading and unloading mechanism includes a roller conveying mechanism, a height limiting device, a hydraulic lifting mechanism, and a horizontal positioning mechanism;

[0039] The pressing and welding mechanism includes a feeding end welding and pressing mechanism and a discharging end welding and pressing mechanism, and a welding liner moving mechanism is provided between the feeding end welding and pressing mechanism and the discharging end welding and pressing mechanism.

[0040] As can be seen from the technical solutions provided by the present invention above, the through-type welding fixture platform for splicing plates of varying thicknesses provided by the embodiments of the present invention can weld and splice plates of different thicknesses, solving the problems of cumbersome and complex operation in the process of loading and unloading plates, clamping, positioning, aligning the upper surface, and attaching and separating welding backing plates during the welding of plates of varying thicknesses. It is widely used in the production and manufacturing process of structural components of large-scale engineering machinery and heavy equipment, such as key structural components such as chassis and turntables of heavy vehicles, where the quality requirements for welds are high. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Figure 1a , Figure 1b These are, respectively, the front view of the tooling of the prior art and the side view of its protruding part (clamping device).

[0042] Figure 2a , Figure 2b These are side views of different states of the panel welding fixture of the prior art.

[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the panel welding platform structure of existing technology three.

[0044] Figure 4 This is an isometric structural diagram of the loading and unloading mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the loading and unloading mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 6 This is a side view of the loading and unloading mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 7 This is an isometric structural diagram of the clamping welding mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 8 This is a side view of the clamping and welding mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the overall layout structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Figures 1a to 3The references in the figures are their respective references in their published texts and do not constitute a repetition or conflict between them or with the references in this application;

[0051] Figures 4-9 middle:

[0052] 1. Horizontal positioning cylinder; 2. Roller conveyor mechanism; 3. Hydraulic jacking mechanism; 4. Horizontal positioning support; 5. Horizontal push rod; 6. Height limiting device; 7. Four-column hydraulic lift; 8. Hydraulic jacking fixture; 9. Height limiting plate (including its columns); 10. Loading end welded clamping mechanism frame; 11. Upper two-column hydraulic lift of the loading end welded clamping mechanism; 12. Upper clamping clamp of the loading end welded clamping mechanism; 13. Lower clamping clamp of the loading end welded clamping mechanism; 14. Upper... 15. Installation base; 16. Frame of the welding and clamping mechanism at the material end; 17. Upper two-column hydraulic lift of the welding and clamping mechanism at the material end; 18. Upper clamping clamp of the welding and clamping mechanism at the material end; 19. Lower clamping clamp of the welding and clamping mechanism at the material end; 20. Lower two-column hydraulic lift of the welding and clamping mechanism at the material end; 21. Welded gasket; 22. Welded gasket mounting seat; 23. Two-bar pneumatic lift of the gasket lifting mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in further detail. Contents not described in detail in the embodiments of the present invention are prior art known to those skilled in the art.

[0054] The preferred embodiment of the through-type welding fixture platform of the present invention, applicable to splicing plates of varying thicknesses, is as follows: Figures 4 to 9 As shown:

[0055] Includes loading and unloading mechanisms and clamping and welding mechanisms;

[0056] The loading and unloading mechanism includes a roller conveyor mechanism 2, a height limiting device 6, a hydraulic lifting mechanism 3, and a horizontal positioning mechanism;

[0057] The pressing and welding mechanism includes a feeding end welding and pressing mechanism and a discharging end welding and pressing mechanism, and a welding liner moving mechanism is provided between the feeding end welding and pressing mechanism and the discharging end welding and pressing mechanism.

[0058] The roller conveying mechanism 2 includes multiple conveying roller shafts;

[0059] The height limiting device 6 includes multiple height limiting plates 9 and their columns arranged along the roller conveying mechanism 2. The multiple height limiting plates 9 and their columns are independent of each other and are installed on the same base plate as the roller conveying mechanism 2.

[0060] The hydraulic lifting mechanism 3 is arranged below the roller conveying mechanism 2, including multiple four-column hydraulic lifters 7 and hydraulic lifting fixtures 8 arranged along the roller conveying mechanism 2. The upper part of the hydraulic lifting fixture 8 is provided with multiple protruding contact surfaces, each of which is smaller than the gap width of the conveying shaft roller of the roller conveying mechanism 2.

[0061] The horizontal positioning mechanism comprises two parts: one part is a horizontal push rod 5 connected to the horizontal positioning cylinder 1 and located on one side of the roller conveying mechanism 2, and the other part is a horizontal positioning support 4 fixed on the other side of the roller conveying mechanism 2.

[0062] The feeding end welding and pressing mechanism and the unloading end welding and pressing mechanism each include a frame, and the frame is provided with an upper pressing mechanism and a lower pressing mechanism.

[0063] The upper clamping mechanism includes an upper two-column hydraulic lift and an upper clamping clamp, and the lower clamping mechanism includes a lower two-column hydraulic lift and a lower clamping clamp;

[0064] The welding liner moving mechanism includes a two-bar pneumatic lift and a welding liner.

[0065] The feeding end welding and pressing mechanism, the unloading end welding and pressing mechanism, and the welding liner moving mechanism are fixed on the same mounting base 15. The feeding end welding and pressing mechanism and the unloading end welding and pressing mechanism are respectively connected to separate feeding and unloading mechanisms.

[0066] The present invention provides a through-type welding fixture platform suitable for splicing plates of varying thicknesses, which solves the problems of cumbersome and complicated operation in the process of loading and unloading, clamping, positioning, aligning the upper surface, and attaching and separating the welding backing plate during the welding of plates of varying thicknesses.

[0067] Specifically, the following technical problems need to be addressed simultaneously during the welding process of plates with varying thicknesses:

[0068] Loading and unloading of sheet metal before and after welding; alignment, positioning and pressing of the upper surface of the sheet metal to be welded; horizontal positioning of the sheet metal to be welded; adjustment of weld distance (sheet metal assembly gap); application and separation of welding backing; reverse deformation of sheet metal ends before welding. Specific implementation examples:

[0070] like Figures 4 to 9 As shown, the through-type welding fixture platform suitable for welding plates of varying thicknesses consists of two parts: a loading and unloading mechanism and a clamping welding mechanism.

[0071] The loading and unloading mechanism mainly consists of a roller conveyor, a horizontal positioning mechanism, a height limiting device, and a hydraulic lifting mechanism. The roller conveyor is existing technology; its main function is to automatically load and unload sheet metal. Driven by the roller conveyor's shafts, the sheet metal passes from left to right across the tooling platform. The position of the sheet metal on the tooling platform is controlled by the rotation of the shafts, thus controlling the gap between the welded sheet metal sections. The height limiting device consists of multiple height limiting plates 9, installed on the same base plate as the roller conveyor. Each height limiting plate is independently connected to the base plate and interconnected via crossbeams, capable of withstanding significant compressive force. Under the action of the hydraulic lifting mechanism, the sheet metal completely adheres to the height limiting plates, achieving the function of aligning and clamping the upper surfaces of two sheets of different thicknesses. The hydraulic jacking mechanism is located below the roller conveyor mechanism and consists of a small four-column hydraulic lift 7 and a jacking fixture 8. The upper part of the jacking fixture has multiple raised contact surfaces, each smaller than the gap width between the rollers. This allows the upper part of the fixture to pass through the gap between the rollers and contact the sheet material under the drive of the four-column hydraulic lift. Together with the height limiting device, it clamps the sheet material. The horizontal positioning device consists of two parts: a horizontal push rod driven by a pneumatic cylinder and a horizontal positioning support fixed on the other side. The pneumatic cylinder drives the horizontal push rod to move horizontally, making the sheet material almost completely fit against the horizontal positioning support, thus achieving horizontal positioning of the sheet material.

[0072] The clamping welding mechanism mainly consists of a sheet metal clamping mechanism and a welding liner moving mechanism. The sheet metal clamping mechanism comprises a frame, an upper clamping mechanism, and a lower clamping mechanism. The upper and lower clamping mechanisms are controlled by two two-column hydraulic lifts. Driven by these lifts, the clamping fixture moves to clamp the sheet metal end faces. Simultaneously, the clamping position allows for pre-welding reverse deformation of the sheet metal end faces to reduce the impact of welding heat deformation on weld quality. The welding liner moving mechanism consists of a two-bar pneumatic lift and the welding liner. The pneumatic lift moves the welding liner up and down. After the two sheets are positioned and clamped, the welding liner, driven by the pneumatic lift, fully adheres to the weld seam. After welding, the pneumatic lift descends, separating the welding liner from the weld seam.

[0073] In operation, the first steel plate is first placed into the roller conveyor at the loading end, which then transports it to the roller conveyor at the unloading end. Next, the second steel plate is placed into the roller conveyor at the loading end, which transports it to the welding position. The roller conveyor at the unloading end is then reversed, causing the first steel plate to roll back to the welding position. The horizontal positioning mechanisms at both the loading and unloading ends are controlled to align and position the two plates horizontally. The horizontal positioning mechanisms then retract, and the hydraulic lifting mechanism is controlled to lift the plates upwards, bringing them into contact with the height-limiting plate, aligning and pressing the upper surfaces of the plates. The welding clamping device is then controlled to clamp the plates at appropriate positions based on their current location, achieving clamping of the plate ends and pre-deformation for welding. After the plates are completely fixed, the welding liner movement mechanism moves upwards, bringing the welding liner into contact with the weld seam, allowing welding to begin. After the welding operation is completed, the welding backing moving mechanism moves downward to separate the welding backing from the weld. Then, the roller conveying mechanism at the loading and unloading ends is activated to send the spliced ​​plate out from the unloading end roller conveying mechanism.

[0074] The beneficial effects of the technical solution of this invention are as follows:

[0075] This invention can automate the splicing process of plates with varying thicknesses to semi-automation or even full automation, solving the problem of needing additional auxiliary machinery such as overhead cranes or robotic arms for loading and unloading in plate welding. It realizes a through-flow automated loading and unloading process. The hydraulic lifting mechanism and height-limiting plate solve the cumbersome problem of achieving flush upper surfaces in the splicing process of plates with varying thicknesses, eliminating a large amount of manual operation and saving manpower and resources. At the same time, the welding clamping mechanism makes mechanical reverse deformation possible, reducing pre-welding manual intervention, lowering costs, increasing efficiency, and accelerating the production cycle. Furthermore, the pad lifting mechanism and team welding control mechanism in this invention directly ensure welding quality and increase the yield rate.

[0076] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A through-type welding fixture platform suitable for splicing plates of varying thicknesses, characterized in that, Includes loading and unloading mechanisms and clamping and welding mechanisms; The loading and unloading mechanism includes a roller conveyor (2), a height limiting device (6), a hydraulic lifting mechanism (3), and a horizontal positioning mechanism; The pressing and welding mechanism includes a feeding end welding and pressing mechanism and a discharging end welding and pressing mechanism, and a welding liner moving mechanism is provided between the feeding end welding and pressing mechanism and the discharging end welding and pressing mechanism. The roller conveying mechanism (2) includes multiple conveying roller shafts; The height limiting device (6) includes multiple height limiting plates (9) and their columns arranged along the roller conveying mechanism (2). The multiple height limiting plates (9) and their columns are independent of each other and are installed on the same base plate as the roller conveying mechanism (2). The hydraulic lifting mechanism (3) is arranged below the roller conveying mechanism (2), including multiple four-column hydraulic lifters (7) and hydraulic lifting fixtures (8) arranged along the roller conveying mechanism (2). The upper part of the hydraulic lifting fixture (8) is provided with multiple protruding contact surfaces, each of which is smaller than the gap width of the conveying shaft roller of the roller conveying mechanism (2). The horizontal positioning mechanism includes two parts: one part is a horizontal push rod (5) connected to the horizontal positioning cylinder (1) on one side of the roller conveying mechanism (2), and the other part is a horizontal positioning support (4) fixed on the other side of the roller conveying mechanism (2). The welding steps include: First, the first steel plate is placed into the roller conveyor at the loading end, and then conveyed to the roller conveyor at the unloading end. Then, the second steel plate is placed into the roller conveyor mechanism at the loading end, and the second steel plate is conveyed to the welding position through the roller conveyor mechanism at the loading end. The roller conveyor mechanism at the unloading end is controlled to reverse, so that the first steel plate rolls back to the welding position. The horizontal positioning mechanisms at the loading end and the unloading end are controlled to align and position the two plates in the horizontal direction. Subsequently, the horizontal positioning mechanism retracts, controlling the hydraulic lifting mechanism to lift upwards, so that the two plates of different thicknesses fit together with the height limit plate, achieving alignment and pressing of the upper surfaces of the plates; Next, the welding clamping mechanism is controlled to clamp the plate at the appropriate position according to the current position of the plate, so as to achieve clamping of the plate end and welding pre-deformation; after the plate is completely fixed, the welding backing plate movement mechanism moves upward so that the welding backing plate fits with the weld and the welding operation is carried out. After the welding operation is completed, the welding liner moving mechanism moves downward to separate the welding liner from the weld. Then, the roller conveying mechanism at the loading and unloading ends is activated to send the spliced ​​plate out from the unloading end roller conveying mechanism.

2. The through-type welding fixture platform suitable for splicing plates of varying thicknesses according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding end welding and pressing mechanism and the unloading end welding and pressing mechanism each include a frame, and the frame is provided with an upper pressing mechanism and a lower pressing mechanism. The upper clamping mechanism includes an upper two-column hydraulic lift and an upper clamping clamp, and the lower clamping mechanism includes a lower two-column hydraulic lift and a lower clamping clamp; The welding liner moving mechanism includes a two-bar pneumatic lift and a welding liner.

3. The through-type welding fixture platform suitable for splicing plates of varying thicknesses according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The feeding end welding clamping mechanism, the unloading end welding clamping mechanism and the welding liner moving mechanism are fixed on the same mounting base (15), and the feeding end welding clamping mechanism and the unloading end welding clamping mechanism are respectively connected to separate feeding and unloading mechanisms.

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