Split spine surgery guide

Abstract

The present invention discloses a split-flap spinal surgical guide plate, comprising a guide plate body, the guide plate body comprising an inner side surface matching the posterior surface of the surgical segment vertebral body, a guide hole being provided on the guide plate body facing the position where the guide needle needs to be inserted, the guide plate body comprising a left guide plate and a right guide plate, the left guide plate and the right guide plate adopt a buckle mechanism plugged in up and down, and at least two guide holes are respectively located on the left guide plate and the right guide plate. When guide holes are respectively provided on both sides of a conventional spinal surgical guide plate and guide needles are inserted, the guide needles are always inserted in a cross-shaped direction, so that the guide plate cannot be removed after the guide needles on both sides are inserted. The split-flap spinal surgical guide plate of the present invention can be removed by vertically separating upwards, and during the operation, the left guide plate and the right guide plate can be buckled and connected and pressed on the spinal bones to achieve positioning, so that the operation can be performed more smoothly and accurately.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a split-flap guide plate for spinal surgery. Background Art

[0002] In spinal surgery, posterior pedicle screw fixation is undoubtedly the most basic surgical operation. However, accurate screw placement is always difficult, which depends on the variation of anatomical morphology, the size and direction of the pedicle. Especially for patients with cervical and thoracic vertebrae, and even more so spinal deformities, their structures are complex and there are individual differences, resulting in large variability in their structures. Freehand screw placement without the aid of auxiliary navigation tools has a higher risk. Foreign literature reports that the error rate of freehand pedicle screw placement is 10%-40%, and it is easy to cause serious vascular and nerve damage.

[0003] Therefore, a 3D printing rapid prototyping template technology based on individual patients is used to assist the placement of pedicle screws. Due to its lower price and simple operation, this technology has been improved and now has been promoted to pedicle screw fixation in various parts of the spine.

[0004] The rapid prototyping navigation template technology was first used by Radermacher et al. in 1998 for the study of lumbar pedicle screw placement. Later, the technology was promoted and improved and is now widely used in the study of screw placement in the cervical spine, thoracic spine, lumbar spine, and more complex atlantoaxial spine, scoliosis, etc.

[0005] However, the spinal vertebrae generally require bilateral screw placement, and the screw tracks on both sides are in different directions and will form an angle. After the bilateral guide needles are inserted, it is often difficult to remove the guide plate. The guide needles must be removed first before the guide plate can be removed. The secondary placement of the guide needle increases the inaccuracy of the operation and increases the operation time. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a split-flap spinal surgical guide plate, which can be conveniently detached after bilateral guide needles are inserted into the vertebral body.

[0007] To this end, the present invention provides a split-flap spinal surgical guide plate, which includes a guide plate body, the guide plate body includes an inner side surface matching the posterior surface of the surgical segment vertebra, and a guide hole is opened on the guide plate body directly opposite to the position where the guide needle needs to be inserted. The guide plate body is characterized in that: the guide plate body includes a left guide plate and a right guide plate, the left guide plate and the right guide plate adopt a buckle mechanism that is plugged in up and down, and at least two guide holes are located on the left guide plate and the right guide plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the buckle mechanism is configured with a magnetic attraction mechanism respectively arranged on the left guide plate and the right guide plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the buckle surfaces of the left guide plate and the right guide plate are distributed in a stepped manner, and the buckle mechanism includes a vertically distributed slot on the lower step surface of the left guide plate, and the right guide plate has an insert block matching the slot, and the insert block is inserted into the slot to form a magnetic fixation.

[0010] Furthermore, the slot and the insert block are provided with a pair of magnetic attraction mechanisms A that match each other, and the stepped surfaces of the left guide plate and the right guide plate are provided with a pair of magnetic attraction mechanisms B that match each other.

[0011] Furthermore, the guide hole has a convex edge on the upper side, the guide hole is arranged on the guide block, the outer surface of the guide block is conical, and a drill hole is opened on the guide plate body corresponding to the guide block, the drill hole matches the outer surface of the front end of the guide block, and the guide block is embedded in the drill hole.

[0012] Furthermore, the inner wall of the drill hole is provided with an embedding groove, and the outer wall of the guide block is provided with an embedding block, and after the guide block is embedded in the drill hole, the embedding block is embedded in the embedding groove.

[0013] Furthermore, a magnetic attraction mechanism C matching the guide block is provided on the side wall of the embedding groove and / or the drilled hole, and a magnetic attraction mechanism D matching the magnetic attraction mechanism C is provided on the front end side wall of the guide block and the embedding block. After the guide block and the embedding block are respectively inserted into the drilled hole and the embedding groove, the magnetic attraction mechanism C is attracted to the magnetic attraction mechanism D.

[0014] Furthermore, the guide plate body is made of transparent material.

[0015] Furthermore, the inner side of the borehole is lined with a metal pad, the cross-section of the lower port of the borehole is circular, the cross-section of the upper portion of the borehole is elliptical, square, triangular, pentagonal or polygonal, and the side wall of the guide block is provided with a magnet that can achieve magnetic attraction with the metal pad.

[0016] The technical effect of the present invention is as follows: during the operation, the left guide plate and the right guide plate of the split-flap spinal surgery guide plate can be connected by buckles and pressed on the spinal bones to achieve positioning, which can make the operation more smooth and accurate. When the guide plate needs to be removed, there is no need to remove the guide needle first, and it can be removed by vertically separating it upwards, which can increase the accuracy of surgical nail placement and speed up the progress of the operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the guide plate provided in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the local structural cross-section of the left guide plate and the right guide plate in the figure.

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 2Schematic diagram of the split structure in.

[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 3 AA cross-sectional view of .

[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of the partial structure of the guide plate after the guide plate is configured with an embedding block and an embedding groove.

[0022] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a partial top view of the drilling hole of the guide plate.

[0023] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the partial structure of the guide plate provided in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the top view of the drilling hole of the guide plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The same parts are represented by the same reference numerals. It should be noted that the words "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to directions in the accompanying drawings, and the words "bottom surface" and "top surface", "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward or away from the geometric center of a specific component, respectively.

[0026] Reference Figure 1-4 As shown, the guide plate for split-flap spinal surgery provided in Example 1 of the present invention includes a guide plate body, which is made of transparent material, which is conducive to observation during surgery and improves the accuracy of surgery. The guide plate body includes an inner side surface 1 that matches the surface of the spinal bone that needs to be operated on, and a guide hole 2 is opened on the guide plate body opposite to the position where the fixing screw needs to be drilled. The guide plate body includes a left guide plate 3 and a right guide plate 4. The left guide plate 3 and the right guide plate 4 adopt a buckle mechanism that is plugged in up and down. At least two guide holes 2 are located on the left guide plate 3 and the right guide plate 4. The buckle mechanism is configured with a magnetic attraction mechanism respectively arranged on the left guide plate 3 and the right guide plate 4. The magnetic attraction mechanism can firmly attract the left guide plate 3 and the right guide plate 4 to ensure the stability of the guide plate structure and better guide the guide needle for the insertion of hollow screws, and can be easily disassembled.

[0027] Reference Figure 1-6As shown, the buckle surfaces 5 of the left guide plate 3 and the right guide plate 4 are distributed in a stepped shape, and the buckle mechanism includes a vertically distributed slot 6 on the lower stepped surface 5a of the left guide plate 3, and the right guide plate 4 has an insert block 7 that matches the slot 6, and the insert block 7 is inserted into the slot 6 and is fixed by magnetic attraction. The slot 6 and the insert block 7 have a pair of mutually matching magnetic attraction mechanisms A8, and the stepped surfaces of the left guide plate and the right guide plate are distributed with a pair of mutually matching magnetic attraction mechanisms B9. The above-mentioned insert block and slot structure can ensure that the left guide plate 3 and the right guide plate 4 are firmly connected in the horizontal direction, and are kept firmly and stably by the mutually magnetically fixed magnetic attraction mechanisms A8 and B9, and do not affect the vertical disassembly, so the right guide plate 4 can be removed first and then the left guide plate 3 can be taken.

[0028] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the guide hole has a convex edge 16 on the upper side, the guide hole 2 is arranged on the guide block 15, the outer surface of the guide block 15 is conical, and a borehole 10 is opened on the guide plate body corresponding to the guide block 15, the borehole 10 matches the outer surface of the front end of the guide block 15, and the guide block 15 is embedded in the borehole 10. The inner wall of the borehole 10 is provided with an embedding groove 11, and the outer wall of the guide block 15 is provided with an embedding block 12. After the guide block 15 is embedded in the borehole 10, the embedding block 12 is embedded in the embedding groove 11. The embedding groove 11 and / or the side wall of the borehole 10 are provided with a magnetic attraction mechanism C13 matching the guide block 15, and the front side wall of the guide block 15 and the embedding block 12 are provided with a magnetic attraction mechanism D14 matching the magnetic attraction mechanism C13. After the guide block and the embedding block are respectively inserted into the borehole and the embedding groove, the magnetic attraction mechanism C is attracted to the magnetic attraction mechanism D. The inner side of the guide plate of the present invention matches the surface of the vertebral lamina. Since the surface of the vertebral lamina is irregular in shape, when the guide plate covers the adaptation area, the inner side of the guide plate fits the surface of the vertebral lamina and is not easy to move when appropriate pressure is applied. The most important thing is that before inserting the guide pin, the guide block 15 can be taken out first, and the grinding drill bit is first positioned and polished at the position where the guide pin needs to be inserted (i.e., the position where the drill hole is exposed), and then the guide block is inserted after polishing. Since the diameter of the front end of the drill hole is about 3MM, and the diameter of the guide hole is 1.8MM, setting the guide hole on the guide block can make up for this aperture difference, making it convenient for the operator to insert the guide pin along the guide hole on the guide plate, so that the entire operation can be completed more accurately and quickly with the assistance of the guide plate.

[0029] Reference Figure 7-8As shown, Embodiment 2 of the present invention is basically the same as Embodiment 1, and the only difference is that: further, the inner side of the bore hole 10 is lined with a metal cushion layer 17, the lower end cross section of the bore hole 10 is circular, the upper cross section of the bore hole 10 is elliptical, square, triangular, pentagonal or polygonal, and the side wall of the guide block 15 is provided with a magnet 18 that can achieve magnetic attraction with the metal cushion layer 17. The metal cushion layer 17 can prevent the drill bit from directly colliding with the plastic guide plate body when grinding the bone at the bore hole 10, thereby preventing the generation of plastic debris that affects the surgical effect.

[0030] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions under the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A split-flap spinal surgical guide plate, comprising a guide plate body and at least two guide blocks, wherein the guide plate body comprises an inner side surface matching the rear surface of the surgical segment vertebral body, and a guide hole is provided on the guide plate body facing the position where the guide needle needs to be inserted, wherein: The guide plate body comprises a left guide plate and a right guide plate, the left guide plate and the right guide plate adopt a buckle mechanism plugged in up and down, and at least two guide blocks are respectively located on the left guide plate and the right guide plate; The buckle mechanism is equipped with a magnetic attraction mechanism respectively arranged on the left guide plate and the right guide plate; The buckle surfaces of the left guide plate and the right guide plate are distributed in a stepped shape, the buckle mechanism includes a vertically distributed slot located on the lower stepped surface of the left guide plate, and the right guide plate has an insert block matching the slot, the insert block is inserted into the slot and is fixed by magnetic attraction; a pair of magnetic attraction mechanisms B matching each other are distributed on the stepped surfaces of the left guide plate and the right guide plate; The guide block comprises a guide hole, the upper side of the guide hole has a convex edge, the guide hole is used to guide the guide needle, the outer surface of the guide block is conical, the left guide plate and the right guide plate are provided with a drill hole corresponding to the guide block, the drill hole matches the outer surface of the front end of the guide block, and the guide block is embedded in the drill hole; The inner wall of the drill hole is provided with an embedding groove, and the outer wall of the guide block is provided with an embedding block. After the guide block is embedded in the drill hole, the embedding block is embedded in the embedding groove.

2. The split-flap spinal surgery guide plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The embedding groove and / or the side wall of the drilled hole are provided with a magnetic attraction mechanism C matching the guide block, and the front end side wall of the guide block and the embedding block are provided with a magnetic attraction mechanism D matching the magnetic attraction mechanism C. After the guide block and the embedding block are respectively inserted into the drilled hole and the embedding groove, the magnetic attraction mechanism C is attracted to the magnetic attraction mechanism D.

3. The split-flap spinal surgery guide plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide plate body is made of transparent material.

4. The split-flap spinal surgery guide plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side of the borehole is lined with a metal pad, the lower port cross-section of the borehole is circular, the upper cross-section of the borehole is elliptical, square, triangular, pentagonal or polygonal, and the side wall of the guide block is provided with a magnet that can achieve magnetic attraction with the metal pad.

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