Large gear block forging die and forming method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a large gear block forging forming die, comprising a lower die, an upper die and side modules located on both sides; the lower die is fixed on a base; the lower die, the upper die and the side modules are molded together to form a gear block forming cavity, and a tooth-shaped matching block is provided in the lower die; the upper die comprises a die frame and an upper punch arranged inside the die frame; the die frame is connected to a movable beam, the upper punch is connected to an upper perforated cylinder, and the upper perforated cylinder is assembled in the movable beam; the side modules are connected to a horizontal cylinder; a forming method of a large gear block forging forming die is also provided, firstly, a blank is heated and placed in the above-mentioned die; the die frame and the upper punch of the upper die simultaneously press the blank downward to deform it; when the upper die and the lower die abutment surfaces are completely fitted, the forming is completed; when the die is opened, the side modules are horizontally withdrawn, and the upper die lifts up the forming cavity of the lower die to pull out the gear block forging; the die frame does not move, and the upper punch pushes the forging downward to complete the blank removal. The present invention punches forgings once, has no flash, does not require shaping, has high production efficiency, and is easy to demold.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to stamping production technology, and in particular relates to a large-scale gear block forging forming die and a forming method. Background Art

[0002] At present, the gear block of excavators is mostly formed by free forging. The existing gear block forming equipment is mainly conventional equipment such as electro-hydraulic hammer, screw press, friction press, etc., because this type of equipment can only provide unidirectional pressure process action. Due to the complex structure of the gear block, the existing equipment cannot accurately form forgings that meet the requirements of size and shape. There are defects in the original mold structure design, the resulting gear block has a flash groove, the forging process is not formed in one time, and there are too many metal flashes on the edge of the forged forging. These metal flashes need to go through the trimming process to cut off the excess flash to obtain the required gear block forging blank. The trimming process is to put the gear block into a special cutting equipment, and the cutting equipment is equipped with a mold of the corresponding size and shape. In short, the original gear block processing process has many steps, and the amount of equipment and tools invested is large. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a technology for completing the forging and forming of raw materials at one time to obtain a large gear block forging blank for engineering machinery.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention first provides a stamping die, the specific structure of which is:

[0005] A large gear block forging forming die comprises a lower die, an upper die and side die blocks located on both sides; the lower die is fixed on a base; the lower die, the upper die and the side die blocks form a gear block forming cavity after being molded together, and a tooth-shaped matching block is arranged in the lower die; the upper die comprises a die frame and an upper punch arranged inside the die frame; the die frame is connected to a movable beam, the upper punch is connected to an upper perforated cylinder, and the upper perforated cylinder is assembled in the movable beam; the side die blocks are connected to a horizontal cylinder.

[0006] The die structure is used to solve the problem of demoulding the special-shaped excavator tooth block forgings. At the same time, the excavator tooth block product is obtained through a closed forging. The stamping speed is fast, there is no metal flash on the forging blank, and no subsequent trimming and shaping is required, which shortens the working time, reduces costs, and improves the comprehensive mechanical properties of the excavator tooth block.

[0007] The present invention also provides a forming method based on the above mold, and the specific operation is as follows:

[0008] 1. Before the blank comes out of the furnace, the left and right side modules remain in the predefined initial positions, and the upper die and upper punch are synchronously lifted to a certain height in a linkage manner;

[0009] 2. The blank is heated to a temperature that meets the initial forging requirements, and is immediately placed into the die tooth block forming cavity after the blank is taken out of the furnace;

[0010] 3. The die frame and upper punch of the upper die press the blank downward at the same time, stamping the raw material to deform it;

[0011] 4. When the upper die and the lower die are completely in contact, the forming process is completed;

[0012] 5. The side modules are horizontally retracted from both sides of the die, the upper die is lifted to pull out the gear block forging, and the gear block forging is demolded from the forming cavity of the lower die;

[0013] 6. The die frame remains stationary, the upper punch pushes the forging downward, and finally the forging product is taken out, and the production process is completed.

[0014] The method utilizes a multi-directional die forging die structure to form a large gear block in a closed forging process without generating flash, and the rough forging does not need to be reshaped, thereby achieving high production efficiency. The method is designed with a movable upper die structure to achieve smooth demoulding of the forging. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is the structure diagram of this mold;

[0016] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of placing heated blank into mold;

[0017] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of applying pressure to the mold frame to cause initial deformation of the blank;

[0018] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the upper punch pressing onto the blank to further shape the blank;

[0019] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the upper and lower molds closing;

[0020] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of mold opening;

[0021] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram for taking the blank.

[0022] Description of the reference numerals: upper punch 1; shoulder 2; double pressure plate 3; tooth block 4; lower die 5; tooth-shaped matching block 51, side module 6. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] like Figure 1 , 2As shown, a large gear block forging forming die comprises a lower die 5, an upper die and side modules 6 located on both sides; the lower die 5 is fixed on a base; the lower die 5, the upper die and the side modules 6 are combined to form a gear block forming cavity, and a tooth-shaped matching block 51 is provided in the lower die 5; the upper die comprises a die frame and an upper punch 1 arranged inside the die frame; the die frame is connected to a movable beam, the upper punch 1 is connected to an upper perforated cylinder, and the upper perforated cylinder is assembled in the movable beam; the side modules 6 are connected to a horizontal cylinder.

[0025] The following describes in detail the various components of the forming mold of the present invention:

[0026] The mold frame and the upper punch 1 of the present invention form an upper mold of a combined component. The upper part of the mold frame is a shoulder 2, and the lower part is a double pressure plate 3. A hole is set in the middle of the shoulder 2 for the upper punch to be installed, and the double pressure plate 3 is fixed to both sides of the hole. The size of the hole matches that of the upper punch 1. The upper punch 1 is installed in the mold frame on both sides and is in close contact with the double pressure plate surface. The shape of the lower edge of the double pressure plate 3 matches the design shape of the side wing surface of the gear block; the shape of the lower edge of the upper punch 1 matches the shape of the middle ridge of the gear block. When the mold is closed, the shoulder 2 forms an upper and lower abutment surface with the side module 6; the two sides of the double pressure plate 3 are provided with a plane in contact with the lower mold 5, and the plane forms an upper and lower abutment surface with the lower mold 5 when the mold is closed.

[0027] The internal forming cavity of the lower die in the present invention is used to ensure that the axial dimension of the gear block is accurate during the forming process. The lower die is provided with a tooth-shaped matching block 51, which can be a structure integrally cast with the lower die, or a detachable combined structure. The top surface of the tooth-shaped matching block 51 is the bottom surface of the lower die forming cavity, and any point on the bottom surface of the lower die forming cavity is an "open-air" point.

[0028] In the present invention, the side modules 6 are installed in the openings on both sides of the lower die 5, and the side modules 6 on both sides are connected to the horizontal hydraulic cylinders for plastic forming of the outermost tooth profiles on both sides of the gear block 4. Since the tooth profile matching blocks 51 in the lower die are required to be "open-air", the inner shape of the side modules 6 is to complement the shape of the contour lines on both sides of the gear block 4. This structure is conducive to the smooth demoulding of the gear block forging after the forging is completed.

[0029] The method for forming a large gear segment using the above-mentioned large gear segment forging die is performed according to the following steps:

[0030] 1) Before the blank is taken out of the furnace, the left and right side modules 6 remain in the predefined initial positions, and the mold frame and the upper punch 1 of the upper mold are synchronously lifted to a certain height, waiting for the blank to be placed in the mold.

[0031] 2) The blank is heated to a temperature that meets the initial forging requirements. After the blank is taken out of the furnace, the oxide scale on the surface of the blank is quickly removed and placed in the die tooth block forming cavity, such as Figure 2 shown.

[0032] 3) The die frame and upper punch of the upper die press the blank downward at the same time, stamping the raw material to deform it. The deformation process is shown in Figure 2-4 changes.

[0033] 4) Figure 5 The upper mold and the lower mold 5 are in a state of complete contact, and the forming process is completed;

[0034] 5) The side modules 6 are horizontally retracted from both sides of the die, the upper die is lifted to pull out the gear block 4 forging, and the gear block 4 forging is demolded from the forming cavity of the lower die 5, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 shown.

[0035] 6) The die frame does not move, and the upper punch 1 pushes the gear block forging downward, and finally the gear block forging product is taken out. Figure 7 As shown, the production process ends.

[0036] The present invention is mainly aimed at the tooth block forging process on large-scale engineering machinery. The mold structure provided by the scheme solves the problem of demoulding of special-shaped excavator tooth block forgings. The excavator tooth block product is obtained through a closed forging, which shortens the working time, reduces material loss, reduces costs, and improves the comprehensive mechanical properties of the excavator tooth block.

Claims

1. A forming method for a large gear block forging die, wherein the large gear block forging die comprises a lower die, an upper die and side die blocks located on both sides; the lower die is fixed on a base; the lower die, the upper die and the side die blocks are combined to form a gear block forming cavity, wherein the method is characterized in that: The lower die is provided with a tooth-shaped matching block; the tooth-shaped matching block is a structure integrally cast with the lower die, or a structure detachably combined with the lower die; The upper die comprises a die frame and an upper punch arranged inside the die frame; the upper part of the die frame is a shoulder, the lower part is a double pressing plate, a hole is provided in the middle of the shoulder for the upper punch to be installed, the double pressing plate is fixed on both sides of the hole, and the size of the hole matches the upper punch; the upper punch is installed in the die frame, and its two sides are in close contact with the surface of the double pressing plate; the shape of the lower edge of the double pressing plate matches the design shape of the side wing surface of the gear block; the shape of the lower edge of the upper punch matches the shape of the middle ridge of the gear block; The die frame is connected to the moving beam, the upper punch is connected to the upper perforating cylinder, the upper perforating cylinder is assembled in the moving beam, and the side die block is connected to the horizontal cylinder; The large gear block forging die is formed according to the following steps: 1) Before the blank comes out of the furnace, the predefined initial positions of the left and right side modules remain unchanged, and the mold frame and upper punch of the upper mold are linked to be synchronously lifted to a certain height; 2) The blank is heated to a temperature that meets the initial forging requirements, and the blank is immediately placed in the die tooth block forming cavity after it is taken out of the furnace; 3) The die frame and upper punch of the upper die press the blank downward at the same time, stamping the raw material to deform it; 4) When the upper and lower die surfaces are completely in contact, the forming process is completed; 5) The side modules are retracted horizontally from both sides of the die, the upper die is lifted to pull out the gear block forging, and the gear block forging is demolded from the forming cavity of the lower die; 6) The die frame remains stationary, the upper punch pushes the forging downward, and finally the forging product is taken out, and the production process is completed.

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