A scallop seedling medium culture device and its application

Abstract

The invention discloses a scallop seedling medium-cultivation device and application thereof, comprising a mesh bag and a medium-cultivation device body, wherein the mesh bag and the partition net both have three different mesh sizes of 60 meshes, 40 meshes and 20 meshes; the medium-cultivation device body is composed of four plastic sieve bodies, four partition nets with different mesh sizes, two drop bottles and six partition sheets; the medium-cultivation device has a simple structure, is easy to operate, has a large internal space, has a large area for supporting scallop seedlings, reduces mechanical damage to the scallop seedlings caused by crowding and overlapping, and has a survival rate of 76.0%, while the survival rate of a conventional mesh bag is only 27.8%, and the water flow permeability inside the box of the medium-cultivation device is good, the scallop seedlings can obtain sufficient food and oxygen, and the growth speed and uniformity of the scallop seedlings are significantly improved. The medium-cultivation device is an ideal scallop seedling medium-cultivation device for scallops that eat fast, consume a lot of oxygen and grow fast.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of shellfish intermediate incubators ("intermediate incubators" for short), and in particular to a scallop seed intermediate incubator and applications thereof. Background Art

[0002] Scallops belong to the phylum Mollusca, family Scallopidae, and are an important shellfish culture variety in my country. The main nutrient component of the edible part of scallops is protein, which is similar to fish and shrimp. It is an important aquatic food that combines food, medicine and nourishment. Scallops are widely distributed in the world's seas. Also known as sea scallop clams, the shells are mostly disc-shaped or round fan-shaped; there are ears in front and behind the shell top, and the two ears are equal or unequal. Most of the right shells have obvious foot thread holes and fine comb teeth under the front ears. The shell surface has radial ribs or concentric sheet carvings. The adductor muscle marks are obvious, the mantle marks are simple, and there are no water pipes; the internal ligament is located in the triangular ligament groove below the shell top. More than 50 species have been found along the coast of my country. Scallops are an important cultured shellfish along the coast of my country, with a large output and high economic value. The dried product of scallop column is called "dried scallop", which is a precious marine treasure.

[0003] The bottleneck problems of low survival rate and slow growth rate during the intermediate cultivation of scallops have always plagued the industrial development of this shellfish. In addition to the breeding technology and breeding environment, the main reason is related to the unreasonable intermediate cultivation tools. It is of great significance to study the intermediate cultivation device with high survival rate and growth rate. Therefore, it is very necessary to carry out research on the key technology of intermediate cultivation of scallops. The original traditional scallop seedling intermediate cultivation device is composed of a series of small mesh bags with built-in support poles. The internal space is small, and the mechanical damage caused by crowding and overlapping of scallop seedlings is large, the survival rate and growth rate are greatly reduced, and the operation is inconvenient. The development of a new scallop seedling intermediate cultivation device is imminent. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the defects of the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a scallop seedling incubator and its application. Scallop seedlings are cultivated in the incubator, which has a large internal space, a large area for supporting scallop seedlings, good water permeability inside the box, and can significantly improve the growth rate and survival rate of scallop seedlings. It is an ideal scallop seedling incubator for scallops that eat fast, consume a lot of oxygen, and grow fast, and has the characteristics of simple structural product structure and easy operation.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A scallop seedling medium culture device, comprising a net bag and a medium culture device body;

[0007] The net bag is a net bag-shaped structure, which is arranged outside the incubator body to wrap the incubator body;

[0008] The incubator body includes at least one sieve body, at least one partition net, a plurality of drop bottles and a plurality of spacers. Adjacent sieve bodies are connected by spacers. The partition net is arranged in other sieve bodies except the bottom sieve body. The drop bottles are symmetrically installed on the bottom inner side of the bottom sieve body through snap-fit ​​parts.

[0009] Preferably, the incubator body comprises 4 sieve bodies, 3 partition nets, 2 drop bottles and 6 spacers, the 4 sieve bodies comprising, from top to bottom, a first sieve body, a second sieve body, a third sieve body and a fourth sieve body with the same structure, adjacent sieve bodies are connected by spacers, the partition nets are arranged on the lower bottom wall and the inner side wall of the first sieve body, the second sieve body and the third sieve body, and the drop bottles are symmetrically installed on the inner side of the bottom of the fourth sieve body through snap-fit ​​parts.

[0010] Preferably, the sieve body is a trapezoidal structure that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, and a number of sieve holes of the same size are evenly arranged on the side wall and the bottom of the sieve body.

[0011] Preferably, the mesh bags include 20-mesh, 40-mesh and 60-mesh mesh bags, all of which are made of mesh rubber wire cloth sewn together, the incubator body is tightly fitted inside the mesh bag, and the bottom shape of the mesh bag is the same as the shape of the surrounding and bottom of the sieve body; the partition nets include 20-mesh, 40-mesh and 60-mesh partition nets, all of which are made of small mesh bags, the shape is the same as the sieve body, wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, and are sleeved on the bottom surface and side walls of the outer side of the sieve body, and the sleeve height of the partition net on the sieve body is 2 / 3 of the height of the sieve body, and the shrinkage rope is tightened after being sleeved; the upper end of the mesh bag is provided with a circle of sewn sleeves, the diameter of the sewn sleeves is larger than the diameter of the corresponding rubber wire rope, allowing the rubber wire rope to pass through; the upper end of the small mesh bag is also provided with a circle of sewn sleeves around it, allowing the telescopic rope to pass through, and after the small mesh bag and the sieve body are sleeved, the shrinkage rope is tightened.

[0012] Preferably, the partition includes a first inclined partition, a second inclined partition, a horizontal partition, a supporting baffle and a vertical baffle. The first inclined partition and the second inclined partition are symmetrically arranged on the horizontal partition, the second inclined partition is arranged at the left and right ends of the horizontal partition, one end of the supporting baffle is connected to the second inclined partition, and the other end is connected to the vertical baffle. A trapezoidal groove for engaging the upper edge of the lower screen body is formed below the supporting baffle; and a trapezoidal groove for engaging the bottom of the lower end of the upper screen body is formed between the two symmetrically arranged first inclined partitions.

[0013] Preferably, the first inclined partition plate and the second inclined partition plate are evenly provided with snap-fitting protrusions for use with the sieve holes, and the contact surface between the snap-fitting protrusions and the sieve holes is an arc-shaped surface; the first inclined partition plate, the second inclined partition plate and the horizontal partition plate are all provided with guide holes equal to the size of the sieve holes.

[0014] Preferably, the engaging member includes a engaging portion, a connecting portion, a mounting portion and a connecting pin, the engaging portion is arranged at the left end of the engaging member, and is connected to the mounting portion through the connecting portion, the engaging portion includes an arc-shaped engaging groove and a connecting plate, the connecting plate is symmetrically arranged at the outer end portion of the arc-shaped engaging groove, and there is an angle between the connecting plate and the tangent of the arc-shaped engaging groove, and the symmetrically arranged connecting plates are used in conjunction with elastic rubber bands; the mounting portion is an inclined plate-like structure, and the inclination angle is the same as the inclination angle of the side wall at the bottom end of the sieve body, and the mounting portion includes a first inclined side plate and a second inclined side plate of the same structure, the first inclined side plate and the second inclined side plate are both correspondingly provided with connecting holes, and the connecting pin passes through the sieve hole and is connected to the connecting hole.

[0015] Preferably, the falling bottle is an M-shaped tubular structure used in conjunction with an arc-shaped snap-in groove, and a bottle cap is symmetrically arranged on the upper end of the falling bottle. The falling bottle is symmetrically installed on the inner short side of the bottom of the fourth sieve body through a snap-fit ​​piece, and its volume is 450-550ml.

[0016] Preferably, the volume of the sieve body is: 35 cm × length 45 cm × height 20 cm; the volume of the incubator body is: width 35 cm × length 45 cm × height 74 cm.

[0017] Preferably, an application of a scallop seedling medium culture device, wherein the scallop seedling medium culture device adopts a three-stage medium culture method for the cultivation process of scallop seedlings, and the specific process is as follows:

[0018] Step 1: Primary culture: Use a 60-mesh seed culture container and place scallop seedlings with a shell length of 1-1.5 mm. The seedling density is 25,000 seeds / layer, and the number of seeds placed is 25,000 seeds / layer × 4 layers / box = 100,000 seeds / box. When the seedlings grow to a shell length of about 5 mm, pour out the scallop seedlings and enter the secondary culture container;

[0019] Step 2: Secondary medium culture: The scallop seedlings with a shell length of 5 mm obtained in step 1 are separated and cultured, and are placed in a 40-mesh seedling medium culture container, with a seedling density of 7,500 seeds / layer, and a number of seeds / layer × 4 layers / box = 30,000 seeds / box. When the seedlings grow to a shell length of about 10 mm, pour out the scallop seedlings and enter the third-level medium culture;

[0020] Step 3: three-level medium culture: the scallop seedlings with a shell length of 10 mm obtained in step 2 are separated and cultured, and put into a 20-mesh seedling medium culture device, with a seedling density of 2,500 seeds / layer, and a number of seeds / layer × 4 layers / box = 10,000 seeds / box. When the seedlings grow to a shell length of about 15 mm, pour out the seedlings, separate and culture them into a net cage for cultivation;

[0021] Wherein: during step 1 to step 3, the surface of the mesh bag (3) and the partition mesh (2) are washed once every 3 days.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention discloses a scallop seedling culture device and its application. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following improvements:

[0023] (1) The present invention designs a brand-new scallop seedling medium culture device, which has a simple product structure, is easy to operate, has a large internal space, and has a large area for supporting scallop seedlings, thereby reducing the mechanical damage of scallop seedlings caused by crowding and overlapping, and significantly improving the survival rate of scallop seedlings. The survival rate of scallop seedlings thickened by the medium culture device reaches 76.0%, while the survival rate of scallop seedlings thickened by conventional mesh bags is only 27.8%;

[0024] (2) The water flow permeability inside the box of the medium culture device is good, and the scallop seedlings obtain sufficient food and oxygen, which significantly improves the growth rate of the scallop seedlings. It is an ideal scallop seed culture device for scallops that eat fast, consume a lot of oxygen, and grow fast;

[0025] (3) Good permeability. The rubber mesh inside the sieve body is sewn with rubber thread at the bottom and around. The height of the mesh around the sieve body is 2 / 3 of the sieve body, and the upper part is left empty to increase the permeability of seawater. The mesh does not need to be sewn on the bottom layer of the sieve body. The mesh is replaced by the mesh at the bottom of the special mesh bag to increase the permeability of the bottom layer.

[0026] (4) At the same time, based on the scallop seedling cultivation device, a three-stage cultivation method for scallop seedlings was designed. The survival rate of the cultivated scallop seedlings was increased by 182.2% compared with the traditional mesh bag culture. The seedling specifications at the end of each stage were significantly larger than those in the traditional mesh bag. At the end of the last stage, the seedlings were 18.2% larger than those in the traditional mesh bag. In addition, the coefficient of variation of the shell length of the cultivated seedlings was reduced by 23.99% compared with that in the traditional mesh bag. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a front view of the entire scallop seed culture vessel of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a left view of the entire scallop seed culture vessel of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 The figure is a top view of the whole culture vessel for scallop seedlings of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 It is a front view of the first screen body of the scallop seed culture vessel of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 It is a side view of the first screen body of the scallop seed culture vessel of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 6 The figure is a top view of the first screen body of the scallop seed culture vessel of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 7It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the partition of the culture vessel for scallop seedlings of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the engaging parts of the scallop seed culture vessel of the present invention.

[0035] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the scallop seed culture vessel drop bottle of the present invention.

[0036] Fig.10 A schematic structural diagram of the scallop seedling culture vessel of the present invention after the drop bottle is engaged with the engaging piece.

[0037] Wherein: 1. sieve body, 11. first sieve body, 12. second sieve body, 13. third sieve body, 14. fourth sieve body, 15. sieve hole, 2. partition net, 3. mesh bag, 4. bottle drop, 41. bottle cap, 5. spacer, 51. first inclined partition plate, 52. second inclined partition plate, 53. horizontal partition plate, 54. support baffle plate, 55. vertical baffle plate, 56. snap-fit ​​protrusion, 57. flow guide hole, 6. snap-fit ​​part, 61. snap-fit ​​part, 611. arc-shaped snap-fit ​​groove, 612. connecting plate, 62. connecting part, 63. mounting part, 631. first inclined side plate, 632. second inclined side plate, 633. connecting hole, 64. connecting pin, a. the angle between the connecting plate and the tangent of the arc-shaped snap-fit ​​groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0039] See attached Figure 1-10 A scallop seedling incubator and its application are shown, the scallop seedling incubator comprises a mesh bag 3 and a incubator body; the mesh bag 3 is a specially made mesh bag-like structure, arranged on the outside of the incubator body to wrap the incubator body; the incubator body comprises at least one sieve body 1, at least one partition net 2, a plurality of drop bottles 4 and a plurality of spacers 5, the adjacent sieve bodies are all connected by the spacers 5, the partition net 2 is arranged in the sieve bodies other than the bottom sieve body, and the drop bottles 4 are symmetrically installed on the bottom inner side of the bottom sieve body through the snap-fit ​​parts 6.

[0040] The incubator body includes four plastic sieve bodies 1, three partition nets 2, two drop bottles 4 and six spacers 5. The four sieve bodies 1 include, from top to bottom, a first sieve body 11, a second sieve body 12, a third sieve body 13 and a fourth sieve body 14 with the same structure. Adjacent sieve bodies are connected by spacers 5. The partition nets 2 are arranged in the first sieve body 11, the second sieve body 12 and the third sieve body 13. The drop bottles 4 are symmetrically installed on the inner side of the bottom of the fourth sieve body 14 through the snap-fit ​​parts 6. The sieve body 1 is a trapezoidal structure with a larger upper part and a smaller lower part. A number of sieve holes 15 of the same size are evenly arranged on the side wall and the bottom of the sieve body 1 to increase the permeability of seawater, accelerate the flow of water, increase the filtering and breathing of shellfish seedlings, accelerate the discharge of excreted waste, and promote the growth of shellfish seedlings.

[0041] The mesh bag 3 includes 20 mesh, 40 mesh and 60 mesh mesh bags, all of which are made of mesh rubber wire cloth sewn together. The incubator body is tightly set inside the mesh bag 3, and the bottom shape of the mesh bag 3 is the same as the shape of the surrounding and bottom of the sieve body 1, which is used to tightly support the bottom plastic sieve body. The width of the mesh bag 3 is specifically based on the standard that the mesh bag 3 can be horizontally and tightly inserted into the plastic sieve body 1. The height of the mesh bag 3 is based on the standard that the bag mouth can be fastened after being inserted into 4 layers of plastic sieve bodies 1. A circle of sewn sleeves are arranged around the upper end of the mesh bag 3. The diameter of the sewn sleeves is 6-8mm, and the diameter is allowed to be 5-6mm rubber wire rope passes through and is used to tie the bag mouth; the partition net 2 includes 20 mesh, 40 mesh and 60 mesh partition nets, all of which are made of small mesh bags. The small mesh bag has the same shape as the screen body 1, is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, and is sleeved on the bottom surface and side wall of the outer side of the screen body 1. The sleeve height of the partition net 2 on the screen body 1 is 2 / 3 of the height of the screen body, and the upper part is left empty to increase the permeability of seawater, accelerate the flow of water, increase the filtering and breathing of shellfish fry, accelerate the discharge of waste, and promote the growth of shellfish fry. A circle of sewn sleeves is also arranged around the upper end of the small mesh bag to allow the telescopic rope to pass through.

[0042] After the small mesh bag and the sieve body 1 are put together, the contraction rope is tightened, and there is no need to set a partition net 2 outside the bottom sieve body 1. The partition net 2 is replaced by the mesh cloth at the bottom of the special mesh bag 3 to increase the permeability of the bottom layer. This is a major feature of the medium culture device; and when the scallop seed medium culture device is in use, the mesh of the special mesh bag 3 must be the same as the mesh of the partition net 2 sewn into the sieve body 1 to ensure that the water flow effect inside and outside the medium culture device reaches the best state and does not cause water retention problems.

[0043] In order to connect the two plastic sieve bodies adjacent to each other, so that the upper sieve body is embedded on the surface of the lower sieve body, two plastic transverse partitions 5 are arranged between the two adjacent sieve bodies 1 to support the upper sieve body, and the partitions 5 include a first inclined partition 51, a second inclined partition 52, a horizontal partition 53, a support baffle 54 and a vertical baffle 55. The first inclined partition 51 and the second inclined partition 52 are symmetrically arranged on the horizontal partition 53, wherein the second inclined partition 52 is arranged at the left and right ends of the horizontal partition 53, and the support baffle 54 is arranged at the right and left ends of the horizontal partition 53. One end of 54 is connected to the top of the second inclined baffle 52, and the other end is connected to the vertical baffle 55. A trapezoidal slot for engaging the upper edge of the lower screen body is formed below the supporting baffle 54; and the inclination angles of the first inclined baffle 51 and the second inclined baffle 52 are equal, and their inclination angles are the same as the inclination angles of the side of the screen body. To ensure the permeability of seawater, the height of the first inclined baffle 51 is not greater than the height of the second inclined baffle 52, and a trapezoidal groove for engaging the bottom of the lower end of the upper screen body is formed between the two symmetrically arranged first inclined baffles 51. The first inclined partition 51 and the second inclined partition 52 are evenly provided with engaging protrusions 56 used in conjunction with the sieve hole 15. When in use, the engaging protrusions 56 are inserted into the sieve hole 15 to increase the stability of the engaging connection. The contact surface between the engaging protrusions 56 and the sieve hole 15 is an arc surface, which can prevent the engaging protrusions 56 from scratching the partition net 2 on the bottom side wall of the sieve body; the first inclined partition 51, the second inclined partition 52 and the horizontal partition 53 are all provided with guide holes 57 of the same size as the sieve hole 15, which ensures that the permeability of seawater is increased during use, accelerates the flow of water, increases the filtering and breathing of shellfish fry, accelerates the discharge of excreted waste, and promotes the growth of shellfish fry;

[0044] In order to increase the stability of the incubator and reduce the swing in the water, two drop bottles 4 are symmetrically installed on the left and right side walls of the bottom inner side of the fourth sieve body 14 through the clamping piece 6. The drop bottles are filled with sand and other materials with a density greater than water, such as sand. At the same time, in order to increase the specific gravity of the bottle, after the sand is filled, water is poured into the bottle to drive out the air in the gap between the sand, thereby increasing the mass of the sand bottle. The drop bottles 4 are symmetrically installed at the short side position of the inner side of the fourth sieve body 14;

[0045] The clamping member 6 includes a clamping portion 61, a connecting portion 62, a mounting portion 63 and a connecting pin 64. The clamping portion 61 is arranged at the left end of the clamping member 6 and is connected to the mounting portion 63 through the connecting portion 62. The clamping portion 61 includes an arc-shaped clamping groove 611 and a connecting plate 612. The connecting plate 612 is arranged at the outer end of the arc-shaped clamping groove 611, and there is an angle a between the connecting plate 612 and the tangent of the arc-shaped clamping groove 611. The symmetrically arranged connecting plates 612 are used in conjunction with elastic rubber bands. When the falling bottle 4 is clamped into the arc-shaped clamping groove 611, the elastic rubber bands are used to be knotted within the two angles a. The falling bottle 4 is fixed; the mounting portion 63 is an inclined plate-like structure, and the inclination angle is the same as the inclination angle of the left and right side walls at the bottom end of the bottom sieve body 1, and the mounting portion 63 includes a first inclined side plate 631 and a second inclined side plate 632 with the same structure, and the first inclined side plate 631 and the second inclined side plate 632 are respectively provided with connecting holes 633 for use with the connecting pin 64. When the first inclined side plate 631 and the second inclined side plate 632 are connected by the connecting pin 64, in order to avoid damaging the bottom of the bottom sieve body 1, gaskets are provided on the opposite surfaces thereof to increase the contact area;

[0046] The falling bottle 4 is an M-shaped tubular structure used in conjunction with the arc-shaped clamping groove 611, and a bottle cap 41 is symmetrically arranged at the upper end of the falling bottle 4. The falling bottle 4 is symmetrically arranged on the left and right side walls inside the bottom of the fourth sieve body 14, and its volume is 450-550ml. In this embodiment, the falling bottle 4 is designed to be an M-shaped tubular structure, which can increase the attachment area of ​​scallops and facilitate scallop cultivation; the clamping piece 6 is preferably, the falling bottle 4 is an M-shaped tubular structure, and sand and other materials with a density greater than water can be introduced into the bottle through the bottle cap 41 to increase the stability of the incubator and reduce swinging in the water. The preferred volume of the falling bottle 4 is 500ml; and the M shape of the falling bottle 4 can be formed by splicing multiple plastic pipes of the same diameter, and the falling bottle 4 can also be made into other shapes, which can achieve the two purposes of increasing the stability of the incubator and increasing the attachment area of ​​scallops.

[0047] Preferably, the drop bottle 4 is made of plastic material, has a length of 25-35 cm, preferably 30 cm, and a diameter of 10 cm;

[0048] Preferably, the volume of the sieve body 1 is: 35 cm × length 45 cm × height 20 cm; the volume of the incubator body is: width 35 cm × length 45 cm × height 74 cm, and the embedded depth of the two adjacent sieve bodies 1 is 2 cm.

[0049] The application of a scallop seed culture device includes the following implementation process:

[0050] Example 1

[0051] The scallop culture process of the present invention is compared with the traditional net bag culture process, and the specific operation is as follows:

[0052] (1) Seedling preparation: On November 30, 2017, the hybrid bred seedlings of scallop "Purple Sea Ink" (specifications: shell length 1-1.5 mm, about 800-1000 grains / g) were transferred from the nursery to the scallop breeding base in Jianghong Town, Suixi County for medium-term cultivation (the process of cultivating seedlings from shell length 1 mm to 15 mm takes about 2 months);

[0053] (2) Medium-temperature training equipment: Two types of medium-temperature training equipment were used for comparison, including the “new medium-temperature training device” and the traditional “medium-temperature training net bag”;

[0054] The specifications of the medium culture device are: 35cm wide × 45cm long × 74cm high. It consists of 4 built-in plastic sieves and their accessories stacked together. The specifications of the plastic sieve are 35cm wide × 45cm long × 20cm high.

[0055] Traditional mesh bag specifications: 35cm wide × 45cm long;

[0056] (3) Intermediate training method: The three-level intermediate training method is adopted, and the method is as follows:

[0057] ① Level 1 medium culture: Starting from November 30, both medium culture equipments use 60 mesh cloth, the seedling density of the new medium culture equipment is 25,000 seeds / layer × 4 layers / box = 100,000 seeds / box; the seedling density of the traditional medium culture net bag is 5,000 seeds / bag; the seedling volume of one box of the new medium culture equipment is equivalent to the seedling volume of 20 bags of traditional net bags; one box of the former is one sling, and 20 net bags of the latter are tied together to form one sling. The hanging density of the two medium culture equipments on the floating longline raft cable is 1.0m / sling.

[0058] On December 15, when the shell length of the fry is about 5mm, pour out the fry and enter the secondary culture:

[0059] ② Secondary medium culture: Starting from December 15, thinning and cultivation were carried out; both medium culture equipment used 40-mesh mesh, and the seedling density of the new medium culture device was 7,500 seeds / layer × 4 layers / box = 30,000 seeds / box; the seedling density of the traditional medium culture net bag was 1,500 seeds / bag;

[0060] On January 5, when the shell length of the fry is about 10mm, pour out the fry and enter the third-level culture:

[0061] ③ Level 3 medium culture: Starting from January 5, thinning and cultivation were carried out; both medium culture equipment used 20-mesh mesh, and the seedling density of the new medium culture device was 2,500 seeds / layer × 4 layers / box = 10,000 seeds / box; the seedling density of the traditional medium culture net bag was 5,000 seeds / bag; on January 30, when the shellfish grew to a shell length of about 15mm, the shellfish were poured out and thinned into the net cage for cultivation;

[0062] (4) Management during the mid-stage culture period: Wash the surface of the mesh bags of the two types of mid-stage culture equipment every three days to prevent floating mud from clogging the mesh holes, ensure smooth water flow in the mesh bags, and promote the growth of shellfish seedlings; replace damaged mesh bags in a timely manner; pay attention to the safety of the mid-stage culture rafts; at the end of the current level of mid-stage culture, measure the size of the shellfish seedlings, calculate the survival rate, and promptly sort them for the next level of mid-stage culture.

[0063] (5) Comparison of the effects of two types of medium-temperature training equipment: as shown in Tables 1 and 2 below:

[0064] Table 1. Comparison of the effects of two types of medium-temperature training equipment

[0065]

[0066] Table 2. Improvement rate of new medium-temperature incubator

[0067]

[0068] From Tables 1 and 2 above, it can be seen that the new culture device is significantly better than the traditional net bag in terms of survival rate, seedling growth rate, seedling uniformity, etc., which is specifically manifested in:

[0069] ① In the three-level culture, the survival rate of each level of the new culture device was significantly higher than that of the traditional net bag, especially in the first level culture; after two months of culture, the total survival rate of the new culture device was 76.2%, while that of the traditional net bag was only 27.0%, the former was 182.2% higher than the latter;

[0070] ② In the three-level cultivation, the seedling size of the new cultivation device at the end of each level was significantly larger than that of the traditional net bag. After two months of cultivation, the seedling size reached 16.2mm, while the traditional net bag was only 13.7mm. The former was 18.2% higher than the latter, indicating that the growth rate of the former was significantly higher than the latter.

[0071] ③After the third-level cultivation, the coefficient of variation of the shell length of seedlings cultivated in the new cultivation device was 3.77%, which was significantly lower than the 4.69% of the traditional mesh bag. The coefficient of variation of the former was 23.99% lower than that of the latter.

[0072] The new incubator is superior to traditional mesh bags because:

[0073] The four compartments inside the new culture device are all horizontal. The shellfish fry are evenly attached, and there is a large space between the shellfish fry, so there is no accumulation. The bait and oxygen flow evenly around each shellfish fry, so the shellfish fry grows fast, has good individual uniformity, and has a high survival rate. However, the shellfish fry in traditional net bags are seriously accumulated at the bottom of the bag. There is little space between the shellfish fry, resulting in competition for bait and oxygen, which leads to slow growth, poor individual uniformity, and even death from lack of oxygen. At the same time, the accumulation also causes the shellfish fry to bite each other, further increasing the mortality rate.

[0074] Embodiment 2:

[0075] The scallop culture process of the present invention is compared with the traditional net bag culture process, and the specific operation is as follows:

[0076] (1) Seedling preparation: On November 20, 2018, the Gulf of Mexico scallop seedlings (specifications: shell length 1-1.5 mm, about 800-1000 grains / g) were transferred from the nursery to the scallop breeding base in Jianghong Town, Suixi County for medium-term cultivation;

[0077] (2) Medium-temperature training equipment: Two types of medium-temperature training equipment were used for comparison, including the "new medium-temperature training device" and the traditional "medium-temperature training net bag":

[0078] The specifications of the medium culture device are: 35cm wide × 45cm long × 74cm high. It consists of 4 built-in plastic sieves and their accessories stacked together. The specifications of the plastic sieve are 35cm wide × 45cm long × 20cm high.

[0079] Traditional mesh bag specifications: 35cm wide × 45cm long;

[0080] (3) Intermediate training method: The three-level intermediate training method is adopted, and the method is as follows:

[0081] Level 1 medium culture: Starting from November 20, both medium culture equipment use 60 mesh cloth. The seedling density of the new medium culture equipment is 25,000 seeds / layer × 4 layers / box = 100,000 seeds / box; the seedling density of the traditional medium culture net bag is 5,000 seeds / bag. The seedling volume of one box of the new medium culture equipment is equivalent to the seedling volume of 20 bags of traditional net bags; one box of the former is one sling, and 20 net bags of the latter are tied together to form one sling. The hanging density of the two medium culture equipment on the floating longline raft cable is 1.0m / sling;

[0082] On December 5, when the shell length of the fry is about 5mm, pour out the fry and enter the secondary culture:

[0083] Secondary medium cultivation: Starting from December 5, thinning and cultivation were carried out. Both medium cultivation equipment used 40-mesh mesh. The seedling density of the new medium cultivation equipment was 7,500 seeds / layer × 4 layers / box = 30,000 seeds / box; the seedling density of the traditional medium cultivation net bag was 1,500 seeds / bag;

[0084] On December 25, when the shell length of the fry is about 10mm, pour out the fry and enter the third-level culture:

[0085] Level 3 medium culture: Starting from December 25, thinning and cultivation were carried out. Both medium culture equipment used 20-mesh mesh. The density of seedlings in the new medium culture equipment was 2,500 seeds / layer × 4 layers / box = 10,000 seeds / box; the density of seedlings in the traditional medium culture net bag was 5,000 seeds / bag. On January 20, when the shellfish grew to a shell length of about 15mm, the shellfish were poured out and thinned into the net cage for cultivation.

[0086] (4) Management during the mid-stage culture period: Wash the surface of the net bags of the two types of mid-stage culture equipment every three days to prevent floating mud from clogging the mesh holes, ensure the smooth flow of water in the net bags, and promote the growth of shellfish fry; replace damaged net bags in time; pay attention to the safety of the mid-stage culture rafts; at the end of the current level of mid-stage culture, measure the size of the shellfish fry, calculate the survival rate, and timely sort them for the next level of mid-stage culture;

[0087] (5) The results of the two types of medium-temperature training equipment were compared as shown in Tables 3 and 4:

[0088] Table 3. Comparison of the effects of two types of medium-temperature training equipment

[0089]

[0090] Table 4. Improvement rate of new medium-temperature incubator

[0091]

[0092] It can be seen from Tables 3 and 4 above that the new culture medium is significantly superior to the traditional mesh bag in terms of survival rate, seedling growth rate, seedling uniformity, etc., which further illustrates the superiority of the scallop seed culture medium designed by the present invention.

[0093] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A scallop seedling medium culture device, characterized in that: It includes a mesh bag (3) and a culture device body; The net bag (3) is a net bag-shaped structure, which is arranged outside the incubator body and wraps the incubator body; The incubator body comprises at least one sieve body (1), at least one partition net (2), a plurality of pendant bottles (4) and a plurality of spacers (5); adjacent sieve bodies are connected by inserting the spacers (5); the partition net (2) is arranged in the sieve bodies other than the bottom sieve body; the pendant bottles (4) are symmetrically mounted on the bottom inner side of the bottom sieve body through a snap-fitting piece (6); The incubator body comprises four sieve bodies (1), three partition nets (2), two drop bottles (4) and six partition sheets (5); the four sieve bodies (1) comprise, from top to bottom, a first sieve body (11), a second sieve body (12), a third sieve body (13) and a fourth sieve body (14) having the same structure; adjacent sieve bodies are connected by partition sheets (5); the partition nets (2) are arranged on the lower bottom wall and inner side wall of the first sieve body (11), the second sieve body (12) and the third sieve body (13); the drop bottles (4) are symmetrically mounted on the inner side of the bottom of the fourth sieve body (14) by means of a snap-fitting piece (6); The sieve body (1) is a trapezoidal structure with a larger top and a smaller bottom, and a plurality of sieve holes (15) of the same size are evenly arranged on the side wall and the bottom of the sieve body (1); The partition (5) comprises a first inclined partition (51), a second inclined partition (52), a horizontal partition (53), a supporting baffle (54) and a vertical baffle (55); the first inclined partition (51) and the second inclined partition (52) are symmetrically arranged on the horizontal partition (53); the second inclined partition (52) is arranged at the left and right ends of the horizontal partition (53); one end of the supporting baffle (54) is connected to the second inclined partition (52) and the other end is connected to the vertical baffle (55); a trapezoidal slot for engaging the upper edge of the lower screen body is formed below the supporting baffle (54); and a trapezoidal groove for engaging the bottom of the lower end of the upper screen body is formed between the two symmetrically arranged first inclined partitions (51); The first inclined partition plate (51) and the second inclined partition plate (52) are evenly provided with engaging protrusions (56) for use with the sieve holes (15), and the contact surfaces between the engaging protrusions (56) and the sieve holes (15) are arc-shaped surfaces; the first inclined partition plate (51), the second inclined partition plate (52) and the horizontal partition plate (53) are all provided with guide holes (57) of the same size as the sieve holes (15); The engaging member (6) comprises a engaging portion (61), a connecting portion (62), a mounting portion (63) and a connecting pin (64); the engaging portion (61) is arranged at the left end of the engaging member (6) and is connected to the mounting portion (63) via the connecting portion (62); the engaging portion (61) comprises an arc-shaped engaging groove (611) and a connecting plate (612); the connecting plate (612) is symmetrically arranged at the outer end portion of the arc-shaped engaging groove (611), and there is a tangent between the connecting plate (612) and the arc-shaped engaging groove (611). Angle, symmetrically arranged connecting plates (612) are used in conjunction with elastic rubber bands; the mounting portion (63) is an inclined plate-like structure, the inclination angle is the same as the inclination angle of the side wall at the bottom end of the sieve body, and the mounting portion (63) comprises a first inclined side plate (631) and a second inclined side plate (632) of the same structure, the first inclined side plate (631) and the second inclined side plate (632) are both correspondingly provided with connecting holes (633), and the connecting pin (64) passes through the sieve hole (15) and is connected to the connecting hole (633); The falling bottle (4) is an M-shaped tubular structure used in conjunction with the arc-shaped clamping groove (611), and a bottle cap (41) is symmetrically arranged on the upper end of the falling bottle (4). The falling bottle (4) is symmetrically installed at the inner short side position of the bottom of the fourth sieve body (14) through the clamping piece (6), and its volume is 450-550ml.

2. A scallop seedling incubator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mesh bag (3) includes mesh bags of 20 mesh, 40 mesh and 60 mesh, all of which are made of mesh rubber wire cloth sewn together, and the incubator body is tightly sheathed inside the mesh bag (3), and the bottom shape of the mesh bag (3) is the same as the shape of the periphery and bottom of the sieve body (1); the partition net (2) includes mesh bags of 20 mesh, 40 mesh and 60 mesh, all of which are made of small mesh bags, and the small mesh bags have the same shape as the sieve body (1), are wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, and are sheathed on the bottom surface and side wall of the outer side of the sieve body (1), and the sheathing height of the partition net (2) on the sieve body (1) is 2 / 3 of the height of the sieve body, and the shrinkage rope is tightened after being sheathed; the upper end of the mesh bag (3) is provided with a circle of sewing sleeves, the diameter of the sewing sleeves is greater than the diameter of the corresponding rubber wire rope, allowing the rubber wire rope to pass through; the upper end of the small mesh bag is also provided with a circle of sewing sleeves around the periphery, allowing the telescopic rope to pass through, and after the small mesh bag and the sieve body (1) are sheathed, the shrinkage rope is tightened.

3. A scallop seedling incubator according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: The volume of the sieve body (1) is: width 35 cm × length 45 cm × height 20 cm; the volume of the incubator body is: width 35 cm × length 45 cm × height 74 cm.

4. The use of a scallop seedling incubator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The scallop seedling medium culture device adopts a three-level medium culture method for the cultivation process of scallop seedlings, and the specific process is as follows: Step 1: First-level medium culture: Use a 60-mesh seed medium culture device and place scallop seedlings with a shell length of 1-1.5 mm. The seedling density is 25,000 seeds / layer, and the number of seeds placed is 25,000 seeds / layer × 4 layers / box = 100,000 seeds / box. When the seedlings grow to a shell length of about 5 mm, pour out the scallop seedlings and enter the second-level medium culture; Step 2: Secondary medium culture: The scallop seedlings with a shell length of 5 mm obtained in step 1 are separated and cultured, and put into a 40-mesh seedling medium culture container, with a seedling density of 7,500 seeds / layer, and a number of seeds / layer × 4 layers / box = 30,000 seeds / box. When the seedlings grow to a shell length of about 10 mm, pour out the scallop seedlings and enter the third-level medium culture; Step 3: Level 3 culture: The scallop seedlings with a shell length of 10 mm obtained in step 2 are separated and cultured, and placed in a 20-mesh seedling culture vessel, with a seedling density of 2,500 seeds / layer, and a number of seeds / layer × 4 layers / box = 10,000 seeds / box. When the seedlings grow to a shell length of about 15 mm, pour out the seedlings, separate and culture them into a net cage for cultivation; Wherein: during step 1 to step 3, the surface of the mesh bag (3) and the partition mesh (2) are washed once every 3 days.

Images