A method for making high-raised blocks based on a fired-free brick machine and grass-planting bricks

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for making high-convex blocks based on an unburned brick machine and a grass-planting brick. The blocks are three-dimensional structures, and the top surface of the blocks is a scanning surface of a curved segment along the X-axis direction to form a convexity; the convexity conforms to the natural stacking shape of the mixture; the block making method comprises the following steps: S01. Firstly, the mixture is laid in the lower mold cavity, and the thickness of the mixture meets the thickness requirement of the block after compression; S02. The material is scraped along the scraping direction with a scraper, and the material laying line is consistent with the shape of the curved segment; S03. The compacting surface of the upper mold completely overlaps with the top surface of the block. The method provided by the present invention considers the reserved material for the convexity in the material laying stage to ensure that the density of the convexity is consistent with that of the block body, so that the convexity of large height can be achieved while meeting the strength requirement of the convexity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical fields of municipal administration, water conservancy, transportation and the like, and in particular to a method for manufacturing high-raised building blocks based on a fired-free brick machine and a grass-planting brick. Background Art

[0002] In urban and rural construction, in order to optimize the urban and rural environment, protect the natural ecology, and guide rainwater to replenish groundwater, grass bricks have been gradually introduced in squares, sidewalks, parking lots, slopes, embankments, etc. Grass bricks are floor tiles with longitudinal grass holes. Workers plant plants in the holes to beautify the environment and facilitate rainwater to replenish groundwater.

[0003] The common grass bricks on the market can meet the requirements of grass planting and groundwater replenishment, but they have the following shortcomings: 1. When the plants grow up and the upper part extends out of the grass hole, the plants are easily trampled and die due to the crushing of external objects; 2. Although the grass bricks have grass holes, their porosity is limited, and it is difficult to further increase the greening rate. In order to solve the problems 1 and 2, the grass bricks have been improved, and bosses or floating points are designed on the blocks. Under the protection of the bosses or floating points, the crushing of objects can be prevented, ensuring the survival rate of the plants. At the same time, due to the protection of the bosses, the growth space of the upper part of the plants is increased, thereby improving the greening rate of the grass bricks.

[0004] Although the above-mentioned improvement method increases the greening rate of grass-planting bricks, due to the material characteristics of grass-planting bricks and the limitations of brick-making technology, the height of the bosses or floating points on the blocks is limited. If the bosses exceed 1.5CM, the density will be reduced, and loose materials will appear, leading to product quality problems. If the height of the bosses on the grass-planting bricks can be further increased, not only can the growth space of plants be increased, but also soil or turf can be covered around the bosses, so that the greening rate of grass-planting bricks can be greatly improved. In order to solve the problem of the boss height and improve the greening rate of grass-planting bricks, a new solution needs to be proposed.

[0005] The brick-making process of the current concrete dry-pressed vibration brick-making equipment (unburned brick machine) is generally that the concrete equal-height blocks can be processed through the vibration compaction of the upper and lower molds. Its basic structure conforms to the equal-height blocks formed by stretching a two-dimensional closed figure; the lower bottom surface and the upper top surface of the equal-height block are both planes, and the block can have one or more upper and lower through holes and / or blind holes. During processing and production, the lower mold cavity is filled with bulk materials, and the scraper scrapes away the excess bulk materials on the surface of the lower mold along the direction of the material distribution. Since the scraper is a long strip with a straight line at the bottom, the bulk materials in the lower mold cavity are scraped into a plane by the scraper. At this time, the upper mold begins to compress and vibrate downward. When the bulk material density is compressed to the requirement, the lower mold is lifted first, and then the upper mold is lifted, and the block processing is basically completed. When dry concrete is compressed, due to its poor fluidity, it is difficult to form a block with convexities or different heights on the upper surface. Generally, brick-making equipment can only compress protrusions or steps with a height difference of no more than 1.5CM. If the height difference exceeds 1.5CM, the density of the protrusions on the block will be reduced, resulting in loose materials and quality problems in appearance. The current brick-making equipment cannot realize pressing protrusions with a height difference greater than 1.5CM or special-shaped surfaces with different height differences on the block. For example, a parking lot greening grass brick disclosed in patent No. 2008201138697 includes a brick body, which has a well-shaped structure, and a support platform with protruding monomers is arranged at the intersection of the well-shaped strokes. The support platform is integrally formed with the brick body. According to the above-mentioned dry-pressing vibration brick-making equipment for making this brick, the upper surface of the filling material is a plane after the scraping is completed, and the support platform is formed by pressing the upper mold. Since the reserved mixed material thickness is the same, the density of the pressed support platform is obviously lower than the density of the brick body, resulting in low strength of the support platform, and the height of the support platform cannot be increased.

[0006] In the prior art, plastic molds and steel molds can be used to produce one-piece high-raised blocks, but only non-dry concrete can be used, and it takes a period of curing for the concrete to solidify before demoulding. This method takes a long time to demould, requires a large amount of molds, consumes a lot of labor, and has low production efficiency, and is not suitable for mass production. Summary of the invention

[0007] One of the technical problems to be solved by the present invention is how to produce a general method for increasing the height of the protrusion while ensuring the protrusion strength;

[0008] The second technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a grass-planting brick which ensures the protrusion strength and improves the protrusion height;

[0009] The present invention solves one of the above technical problems by the following technical means:

[0010] A method for producing a high-protrusion building block based on a fired-free brick machine, wherein the building block is a three-dimensional structure formed by stretching a two-dimensional closed figure in the positive direction of the Z axis, and the top surface of the building block is a scanning surface of a curved segment along the X axis direction to form a protrusion (22); the structure of the scanning surface meets the demoulding requirements in the Z axis direction; the protrusion (22) is close to the natural stacking shape of the mixed material; the building block production method comprises the following steps:

[0011] S01 first in the lower mold (3) cavity cloth mixture, the mixture thickness to meet the thickness requirements of the block after compression;

[0012] S02. Use a scraper (5) to scrape the material in a scraping direction to remove excess mixed material, wherein the scraping direction is the X-axis direction; the lower edge of the scraper is a material distribution line (52), and the material distribution line is consistent with the shape of the curved segment;

[0013] S03. After scraping, the upper mold and the lower mold (3) are pressed together, and a block is formed after demoulding; the compacted surface of the upper mold completely overlaps with the top surface of the block.

[0014] Preferably, the building block is provided with through holes and / or blind holes along the Z-axis direction; the blind hole opening faces the positive direction of the Z-axis; and the through hole and blind hole structure meets the Z-axis positive demoulding requirements.

[0015] Preferably, the lower mold (3) comprises an outer mold and a core mold; the outer mold is used to form the outer contour structure of the block, and the core mold is used to form the through hole or blind hole; the core mold is connected and fixed to the outer mold via connecting ribs; when the brick machine is working, the cross-sectional contour line of the core mold perpendicular to the X-axis is consistent with the shape of the corresponding position of the scraper's feeding line (52).

[0016] The present invention solves the second of the above technical problems through the following technical means:

[0017] A grass planting brick is made by the above method; it is characterized by comprising a block body (11), the block body (11) is roughly a cube, the top surface of which has a protrusion along the X-axis direction, and a grass planting hole (2) is opened on the protrusion; the grass planting hole (2) is a through hole; the two side boundaries of the grass planting hole (2) along the Y-axis direction are located outside or aligned with the two side boundaries of the protrusion (22) along the Y-axis direction.

[0018] Preferably, the building block body (11) has n evenly spaced protrusions, each of which has m grass planting holes, forming an n×m grass planting hole array and an (m+1)×n small protrusion (220) array, wherein m and n are natural numbers ≥1.

[0019] Preferably, the small protrusion (220) is a quadrangular pyramid or a quadrangular prism.

[0020] Preferably, the upper opening of the grass planting hole (2) is larger than the lower opening and is roughly trumpet-shaped.

[0021] Preferably, the top corner of the small protrusion (220) is chamfered and smoothly transitions to the side wall of the small protrusion (220).

[0022] Preferably, interlocking structures for adjacent grass bricks are provided on both sides of the building block body (11) perpendicular to the Y-axis direction.

[0023] Preferably, the height of the small protrusion (220) is 1.5 cm to 4.5 cm.

[0024] The advantages of the present invention are:

[0025] The method provided by the present invention considers the reserved material of the protrusions at the material distribution stage to ensure that the density of the protrusions is consistent with that of the block body, so that the protrusions can be of large height while satisfying the strength of the protrusions.

[0026] In the material distribution stage, according to the design requirements of the blocks, a matching scraper is used to reserve a set amount of mixture at the raised position to meet the requirements of the raised strength and height;

[0027] The core mold is used to realize through holes and blind holes (grass planting holes). What is important is that the core mold is designed to be a shape that matches the corresponding position of the scraper, so that the through holes or blind holes can be opened at any position of the block, such as on the block body, on the protrusion, or at the junction of the protrusion and the block body. It has a large degree of freedom and diversified block structure. According to different application environments, corresponding blocks can be designed to improve the greening efficiency while being able to integrate into the current application environment, forming a whole with the environment, and having a better visual effect.

[0028] The grass-planting brick provided by the present invention has grass-planting holes opened on the protrusions to form an n×m grass-planting hole array and a (m+1)×n small protrusion 220 array. The grass-planting holes are designed to be trumpet-shaped, so that plants can obtain a larger growth space upward. Soil or turf can be filled around the high and small protrusions, and the greening rate will be further improved. Under the protection of the high and small protrusions, the turf or plants are not crushed, the survival rate is high, and the landscape effect is better.

[0029] When the protrusion height is 1.5cm~4.5cm, generally 3cm, combined with the (m+1)×n small protrusion array, the synergistic effect of multiple small protrusions can meet both the strength requirements of the small protrusions and the space requirements for grass growth; in particular, the design of the small protrusions having the same density as the block body can ensure the strength of the small protrusions and the overall strength of the grass brick;

[0030] The trumpet-shaped grass planting holes can provide a larger growth space for grass planting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a building block produced by the production method in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the scraper structure involved in the method of Example 1 of the present invention and a schematic diagram of the stacking structure of the mixed material before scraping;

[0033] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The projection scanning line of the mixed material along the scraping direction after scraping;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a block structure with grass planting holes made by the method of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of another building block with grass planting holes manufactured by the method of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a grass-planting brick in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the top view of a grass-planting brick in Example 2 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for making high-raised blocks based on an unfired brick machine. The blocks in this embodiment are three-dimensional structures of two-dimensional closed figures stretched in the positive direction of the Z axis. The top surface of the blocks is a scanning surface of a curved segment along the X-axis direction; the height difference between the highest point and the lowest point of the scanning surface is not less than 1.5 cm; the structure of the scanning surface meets the demoulding requirements in the Z-axis direction; in this embodiment, the curved segment includes at least one positive wave in the Z-axis direction to form a protrusion 22 on the upper surface of the block, and the height of the protrusion 22 on the Z axis and the width ratio in the Y-axis direction meet the natural collapse characteristics of the mixture when it is piled during the production process. Of course, the heights of multiple protrusions 22 may be different, or there may be differences in the heights of the side walls on both sides of the protrusion 22. In either case, it is necessary to meet the slump characteristics of the natural stacking of the mixture. The production method includes the following steps:

[0041] Step 1. First, place the mixture in the cavity of the lower mold 3. Since the mixture has a compression ratio, the thickness of the mixture satisfies the sum of the thickness of the block body 1 and the protrusion 22 after compaction. The lower mold 3 generally includes an outer mold surrounded by a plate, which is closed on all sides and connected from top to bottom. The cavity formed inside the outer mold is used to fill the mixture. The Z-axis projection profile of the outer mold can be a polygonal, circular, or special-shaped structure. The corresponding outer mold can be designed according to design requirements.

[0042] Step 2. Use the scraper 5 to scrape the material along the scraping direction. Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the scraper's distribution line scrapes off excess mixture, leaving the thickness of the mixture before compaction of the block body 1 and the protrusion 22 to form a scraping surface. The scraping direction is the X-axis direction; the distribution line can be consistent with the shape of the curve segment. The contour line of the protrusion 22 before compaction conforms to the natural flow characteristics of the natural stacking of the mixture, and meets the height requirements of the protrusion 22 after compaction; that is, in the design stage, the height and width ratio of the protrusion 22 should conform to the natural characteristics of the mixture, so it is impossible to press out a thin and tall protrusion 22 through the reserved mixture. In general, according to the general concrete repose angle generally between 45° and 60°, calculated according to the maximum 60°, the height-to-width ratio does not exceed 0.87. Of course, for concrete with different proportions, the maximum height-to-width ratio of the protrusion 22 can fluctuate around 0.87.

[0043] Correspondingly, the scraper 5 provided in this embodiment is a plate structure, and its bottom is a feeding line 52. The feeding line can be consistent with the shape of the curved segment. Of course, the notch 51 on the feeding line 52 corresponding to the protrusion 22 can be arc-shaped, as long as the mixture stacking characteristics and compaction requirements of the protrusion 22 are met.

[0044] Step 3. After scraping, the upper mold and the lower mold 3 are pressed together, and the block is formed after demoulding; the compacted surface of the upper mold is completely consistent with the top surface of the block. Since the corresponding height of the mixed material is reserved for the block body 1 and the protrusion 22 according to the design requirements during the laying of the material, the density of the compressed block body 1 and the protrusion 22 is roughly the same, and there will be no quality problems in the appearance.

[0045] In this embodiment, through holes and / or blind holes may be provided in the block along the Z-axis direction; the blind hole opening faces the positive direction of the Z-axis; the through hole and blind hole structure meet the Z-axis positive demoulding requirements, and the specific method is as follows:

[0046] The lower mold 3 includes an outer mold and a core mold; the outer mold is used to form the outer contour structure of the block, and the core mold is used to form a through hole or a blind hole; the core mold is connected and fixed to the outer mold by connecting ribs; the upper surface of the core mold in the Z-axis direction is consistent with the position and shape of the scraping surface. The through hole or blind hole is opened on the block body 1, and can be opened on the protrusion 22 to divide the protrusion 22 into small blocks, such as Figure 4 It can also be partially opened on the protrusion 22 and partially opened on the block body 1, such as Figure 5 When designing blocks, the demoulding convenience should be comprehensively considered. Therefore, in general, the through holes and blind holes meet the requirements of vertical sides or larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. The bottom of the blind hole is an arc bottom with the top facing downward. The arc of the bottom of the blind hole is close to the natural stacking collapse performance of concrete, which is convenient for filling the mixture at the bottom of the blind hole.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, based on the above method, this embodiment provides a grass-planting brick with high protrusions 22, which is used in scenes such as municipal gardens and ground parking spaces. It includes a block body 11, and the outer structure is generally a rectangular structure. After the top surface is scraped by a scraper, at least one protrusion 22 is formed. The protrusion 22 is integrally formed with the block body 11, and the density of the protrusion 22 is roughly the same as that of the block body 11. A grass-planting hole 2 is opened on the protrusion 22; the grass-planting hole 2 is a through hole; it can be a rectangular structure, a polygonal structure or any other shape.

[0049] This embodiment takes three protrusions 22 as an example to specifically introduce the grass brick structure:

[0050] Three protrusions 22 are evenly distributed on the block body, and three rectangular grass-planting holes 2 are evenly opened on each protrusion, so that the protrusion is divided into four small protrusions 220, and finally an n×m grass-planting hole array and an (m+1)×n small protrusion 220 array are formed on the block body, where m and n are natural numbers ≥ 1. The two side boundaries of the grass-planting hole 2 along the X-axis direction are located outside or aligned with the two side boundaries of the protrusion 22 along the X-axis direction.

[0051] In this embodiment, the height of the small protrusion 220 can be up to 4.5 cm. In order to meet the needs of grass growth and ensure the strength of the brick body, the height of the protrusion 22 in this embodiment is 3 cm, which is the best choice.

[0052] In this embodiment, the four side walls of the lower half of the grass planting hole 2 are vertical, and the upper half is a bell mouth 23, which provides a larger growth space for plants.

[0053] In this embodiment, the small protrusion 220 is a quadrangular prism or a quadrangular pyramid, and the top corner can be chamfered to smoothly transition with the side wall of the small protrusion 220. According to the needs, the corresponding mold can be designed. The reason why the small protrusion 220 is designed as a quadrangular prism or a quadrangular pyramid is to facilitate die pressing. The side wall of the small protrusion 220 of the quadrangular prism facing the grass planting hole 2 is coplanar with the lower half of the grass planting hole, which reduces the steps and improves the uniformity of the cloth. At the same time, the larger size of the small protrusion 220 can meet the strength requirements.

[0054] The grass bricks of this embodiment have a rectangular block body 11 as a whole, and dovetail grooves 11 or other locking structures are symmetrically arranged on both sides perpendicular to the Y axis to meet the needs of laying grass bricks in a triangular shape or in a straight line. The above two structures are conventional structures and will not be described in detail here. Of course, when two adjacent grass bricks do not need to be interlocked, the block body 11 can be designed as a polygonal structure.

[0055] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for making high-raised blocks based on an unburned brick machine, characterized in that: The building block is a three-dimensional structure of a two-dimensional closed figure stretched in the positive direction of the Z axis, and the top surface of the building block is a scanning surface of a curved segment along the X axis direction to form a protrusion (22); the structure of the scanning surface meets the demoulding requirements in the Z axis direction; the protrusion (22) is close to the natural stacking shape of the mixture; The block manufacturing method comprises the following steps: S01 first in the lower mold (3) cavity cloth mixture, the mixture thickness to meet the thickness requirements of the block after compression; S02. Use a scraper (5) to scrape the material in the scraping direction, and the scraper scrapes away excess mixed material, wherein the scraping direction is the X-axis direction; the lower edge of the scraper is a distribution line (52), and the distribution line is consistent with the shape of the curved segment. After scraping, the thickness of the mixed material left by the block body (1) and the protrusion (22) before compaction is consistent with the natural flow characteristics of the mixed material naturally stacked; S03. After scraping the material, the upper mold and the lower mold (3) are pressed together, and a block is formed after demoulding; the compacted surface of the upper mold completely overlaps with the top surface of the block.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The building block is provided with through holes and / or blind holes along the Z-axis direction; the blind hole opening faces the positive direction of the Z-axis; and the through hole and blind hole structure meets the Z-axis positive demoulding requirements.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower mold (3) comprises an outer mold and a core mold; the outer mold is used to form the outer contour structure of the block, and the core mold is used to form the through hole or blind hole; the core mold is connected and fixed to the outer mold via connecting ribs; the cross-sectional contour line of the core mold perpendicular to the X-axis is consistent with the shape of the corresponding position of the scraper's distribution line (52).

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