Air purification structure, wearable device and air purification device

Abstract

The embodiment of the present invention provides an air purification structure, a wearable device and an air purification apparatus. The air purification structure includes a shell, a filter membrane assembly installed in the shell and a plasma generator. The plasma generator includes a plurality of purification tubes and a plurality of mounting parts arranged in a nested manner. A gap is arranged between any two purification tubes. Electrodes with opposite polarities are respectively arranged on the outer side and the inner side of each purification tube. The electrodes are electrically connected to a power module. In this way, a plasma annular cavity is formed in the plasma generator, which increases the ionization area and the degree of ionization, is conducive to the adsorption and removal of large particles in the air, and toxic and harmful gases and organic chemicals are oxidized and decomposed into harmless products. At the same time, pathogenic microorganisms are killed under instantaneous high-voltage electric shock, and the filter membrane assembly performs secondary purification on the air, which greatly improves the purification effect. In addition, the plasma generator and the filter membrane assembly are arranged side by side, occupying a small space, and have a simple structure, which is conducive to portable setting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of air purification, and in particular to an air purification structure, a wearable device and an air purification apparatus. Background Art

[0002] At present, the common purification methods of air purification equipment include HEPA (High Efficiency Particulate Air Filter) filter technology and negative ion technology. Among them, HEPA filter technology can achieve a removal efficiency of 99.97% for particles with a diameter of 0.3 microns or more, but HEPA filters are expensive and have a limited service life. At the same time, particles and pathogenic microorganisms in the air are easily accumulated on their surfaces, forming a potential source of pollution. Small negative ion technology releases a large number of charged ions into the surrounding space, causing particles in the air to be charged and aggregated and precipitated to achieve the effect of purifying the air. However, the purification ability of negative ion technology depends on the power of the ion generator. When used in open spaces, the effect is very weak, and the settled particles are easily disturbed and float up, causing secondary pollution in the space. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide an air purification structure, a wearable device and an air purification apparatus.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: an air purification structure is provided, comprising a shell, a filter membrane assembly and a plasma generator, the shell having an air inlet and an air outlet that are interconnected, the plasma generator is installed in the shell and close to one end of the air inlet, the filter membrane assembly is vertically inserted into one end of the air outlet of the shell, the plasma generators of the filter membrane assembly are interconnected, the plasma generator comprises a plurality of purification pipes arranged in a nested manner and a plurality of mounting members arranged at both ends of the purification pipes and used for positioning and mounting each of the purification pipes, a gap is arranged between any two of the purification pipes, and electrodes with opposite polarities are respectively arranged on the outer side and the inner side of each of the purification pipes, and the electrodes are electrically connected to a power module.

[0005] Optionally, each of the electrodes is spirally arranged along the height direction of the purification tube.

[0006] Optionally, a sawtooth structure is provided on one side and both ends of the edge of any negative electrode of the electrodes away from the purification tube.

[0007] Optionally, the filtration membrane assembly includes a plurality of capillary ultrafiltration membranes bundled side by side along the axial direction of the shell.

[0008] Optionally, the air purification structure further comprises an electric screen layer, and the electric screen layer is arranged around the inner side of the purification tube near one end port of the filter membrane assembly.

[0009] Optionally, the air purification structure further includes an air supply assembly installed at the air inlet of the shell, and the air supply assembly is electrically connected to the power module.

[0010] Optionally, an activated carbon fiber filter layer is respectively filled at the air inlet port and the air outlet port of the shell.

[0011] Optionally, the air purification structure further comprises an air guide hood which is arranged in the shell and has a trumpet-shaped cross-section, wherein a large end of the air guide hood is connected to the plasma generator, and a small end of the air guide hood is connected to the filter assembly.

[0012] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a wearable device, comprising the air purification structure.

[0013] An embodiment of the present invention further provides an air purification device, comprising the air purification structure.

[0014] Beneficial effects of the present invention: Compared with the prior art, the air purification structure of the present invention is provided with a plasma generator and a filter membrane assembly, wherein the plasma generator includes a plurality of purification tubes arranged in a nested manner, a gap is provided between any two of the purification tubes, and electrodes with opposite polarities are provided on the outer side and the inner side of each purification tube, respectively, so that a plasma annular cavity is formed between adjacent negative electrodes and positive electrodes, and then the ambient air is first introduced into the plasma generator, where large particles in the air are adsorbed and removed, and toxic and harmful gases and organic chemicals are oxidized and decomposed into harmless products, and at the same time, pathogenic microorganisms are killed under instantaneous high-voltage electric shock, and then the air enters the ultrafiltration membrane, and harmful substances such as particles with a particle size larger than the micropores of the ultrafiltration membrane are effectively blocked to achieve secondary purification, with good purification effect and high purification efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of an air purification structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of an air purification structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional structural diagram of the middle DD line;

[0019] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional structure diagram along line EE.

[0020] Among them, the main marks of the drawings in the figure are:

[0021] 100-air purification structure;

[0022] 1- housing;

[0023] 2-filtration membrane assembly; 21-capillary ultrafiltration membrane;

[0024] 3-plasma generator; 31-purification tube;

[0025] 4-Mounting plate;

[0026] 5-activated carbon fiber filter layer;

[0027] 6-Electric screen layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0029] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0031] See also Figure 1, the air purification structure of the embodiment of the present invention is now described. The air purification structure 100 includes a housing 1, a filter membrane assembly 2 and a plasma generator 3. The housing 1 has an air inlet and an air outlet that are interconnected. The plasma generator 3 is installed in the housing 1, and the plasma generator 3 is close to one end of the air inlet, and the filter membrane assembly 2 is vertically installed at one end of the air outlet of the housing 1. The plasma generator 3 can decompose or kill organic particulate matter, gaseous pollutants and pathogenic microorganisms, etc., so as to achieve the effect of purifying the air. The filter membrane assembly 2 is inserted into the end of the housing 1 close to the air outlet, and the filter membrane assembly 2 is interconnected with the plasma generator 3. It can be understood that the plasma generator 3 and the filter membrane assembly 2 are arranged in sequence along the direction of the air duct. Here, the plasma generator 32 and the filter membrane assembly 3 are arranged side by side, so that multiple purifications of the air are achieved and the purification efficiency of the air is improved.

[0032] The plasma generator 3 includes a plurality of purification tubes 31 and a plurality of mounting parts (not shown) arranged in a nested manner, and a gap is arranged between any two purification tubes 31. Among them, the mounting parts are made of insulating materials, and there are two mounting parts in this case, and the two mounting parts are arranged at both ends of the purification tube 31, which are used to position and install the mounting parts of each purification tube 31, which is conducive to fixing the gap of the purification tube 31. Electrodes with opposite polarities are respectively provided on the outside and inside of each purification tube 31, and the electrodes are electrically connected to the power module (not shown). For example, a positive electrode is provided on the inside of each purification tube 31, and a negative electrode is provided on the outside of the electrostatic tube, that is, along the radial direction of the purification tube 31, the positive and negative electrodes are arranged alternately on both sides of the purification tube 31 in sequence, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode between any adjacent purification tubes 31 form an annular cavity. After the plasma generator 3 is powered on, an electric field is generated in the annular cavity formed between the cathode and the anode, and a large amount of plasma will be generated on the surface. When the gas flows through the gaps of each layer of purification tubes 21, it is purified by the plasma on the surface of the purification tube 21. In addition, in practical applications, the voltage values ​​applied to the cathode and the anode can be controlled according to the pollution degree of the purified air to obtain plasmas of different densities.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the air purification structure 100 of the present invention adopts a plurality of purification tubes 31 nested and arranged, and two adjacent purification tubes 31 are arranged with gaps, and electrodes with opposite polarities are arranged on both sides of each purification tube 31, so that the plasma generator 3 forms a plurality of annular ionization chambers, which increases the ionization degree, thereby generating more plasma, increasing the air purification contact area, and the plasma bombards the pollutant molecules in the air, ionizes, dissociates and excites the pollutant molecules, or oxidizes and decomposes the toxic and harmful gases and organic chemicals into harmless products, thereby degrading the pollutant molecules into safe substance molecules with a simple molecular structure and low harm to the human body, and generating active ion derivatives at the same time: for example, the active ion derivatives are energy electrons and / or free radicals and / or ozone ions. Subsequently, the purified air enters the filter membrane assembly 2, and harmful substances such as particles with a particle size larger than the membrane micropores (such as 0.01 microns) are effectively blocked to achieve secondary purification, and the purification effect is good. It can be seen that the air purification structure 100 can not only filter harmful particles in the air, but also kill harmful microorganisms and prevent secondary pollution. In addition, by arranging the plasma generator 3 and the filter membrane assembly 2 side by side, the structure is simple and can be widely used in air purifiers for small and medium-sized spaces, and can also be used in portable or wearable air purification devices.

[0034] For details, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , each electrode is spirally arranged along the height direction of the purification tube 31 and the gap between each circle of electrodes is 0.5mm-1.6mm. On the one hand, it is convenient to install the electrode and ensure the ionization effect of each part of the purification tube 31; on the other hand, it makes it difficult for dust or particles to adhere to the electrode, and the dust or particles attached to the electrode will automatically fall off after the electrode is powered off, so as not to affect the next air purification effect. Among them, the air purification efficiency is negatively correlated with the thickness of the electrode, so the thinner the electrode, the higher the purification rate, but the processing difficulty and cost of metal materials with a thickness of less than 0.05 mm are extremely high. Therefore, under the conditions of production cost and processing technology, it is recommended to select metal electrode materials with lower thickness, based on which electrodes with a thickness of 0.5 mm-0.7 mm are selected.

[0035] Furthermore, a sawtooth structure is provided on the side of any negative electrode away from the purification tube 31 and at the edges of both ends of the electrodes to form a tip discharge effect to enhance the ionization of particles in the air. After the particles are ionized and charged, they are acted upon by the electric field force in the uniform electric field between the positive and negative electrodes, and then adsorbed onto the purification tube 31. This sawtooth structure can enhance the adsorption of particles and further improve the purification effect.

[0036] Further, the filter membrane assembly 2 includes a plurality of capillary ultrafiltration membranes 21 that are clustered and arranged side by side along the axial direction of the housing 1, so that harmful substances such as particles with a particle size larger than the ultrafiltration membrane pores (such as 0.01 microns) in the air are effectively blocked to achieve secondary purification with good purification effect. Here, the filter membrane cluster design greatly increases the filtration area, significantly improves the filtration efficiency, and is conducive to the miniaturization of the air purification structure 100. It should be noted that the capillary ultrafiltration membrane 21 here refers to the convolution of the sheet-like ultrafiltration membrane into a tubular slender structure. Preferably, the diameter of the capillary ultrafiltration membrane 21 can be as thin as 2 mm, which does not affect the air flow rate and is also convenient for more capillary ultrafiltration membranes 21 to be clustered.

[0037] For further information, see Figure 2 , each ultrafiltration membrane is provided with a number of filter holes along its axial direction (not shown). The pore size of the ultrafiltration membrane is between 0.001 and 0.1 microns, which can effectively intercept particles and even tiny viruses in media such as water and air. The diameter of the capillary ultrafiltration membrane 21 can be as thin as 2 mm, and it does not affect the air flow rate. This system uses this type of capillary ultrafiltration membrane 21 as the filter element, and adopts a parallel cluster design, which significantly expands the total area of ​​the filter membrane without increasing the product volume, so as to improve the air filtration efficiency. Considering that the micropores on the surface of the ultrafiltration membrane have a small pore size, it is very easy to be blocked by particulate matter in the air after long-term use. In order to solve this problem, the filtered gas in the device flows from the outside of the capillary into the inside, and the filtered particles will be enriched in the space outside the capillary. Since the space outside the capillary ultrafiltration membrane 21 has a larger capacity and is convenient for cleaning and dust collection, this is also a major advantage of the design. Although the capillary ultrafiltration membrane 21 can be closely arranged to form a high-density cluster to maximize the use of space to improve the air purification efficiency. Taking the dust collection problem into consideration, the gap between any two adjacent capillary ultrafiltration membranes 21 is 0.45 mm to 0.65 mm.

[0038] Furthermore, the air purification structure 100 also includes an air guide cover (not shown) with a trumpet-shaped cross section. The air guide cover is arranged in the housing 1, and the large end of the air guide cover is connected to the plasma generator 3, and the small end of the air guide cover is connected to the filter membrane assembly 2. Here, the air guide cover plays the role of guiding air, so that the gas flowing through the plasma generator 3 can all flow into the filter membrane assembly 2 stably, thereby improving the air purification rate.

[0039] For details, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3The housing 1 is also provided with a mounting plate 4 between the filter membrane assembly 2 and the air outlet. The mounting plate 4 is provided with mounting holes (not shown) at positions corresponding to the capillary ultrafiltration membranes 21. The corresponding ends of the capillary ultrafiltration membranes 21 are inserted into the corresponding mounting holes. Here, the mounting plate 4 is provided so that the filter membrane assembly 2 can be fixedly installed in the housing 1. The mounting plate 4 and the housing 1 can be fixedly connected by snap-fit, welding, transition fit, etc., which are not limited here.

[0040] For details, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 The air purification structure 100 further includes an air supply component (not shown), which is installed at the air inlet of the housing 1. By providing the air supply component at the air inlet of the housing 1, the air flow rate is increased, the efficiency of the plasma generator 3 and the filter membrane component 2 in air purification is accelerated, and the air purification speed is improved. The air supply component can be an air pump, an air conveyor, etc., which is not limited here.

[0041] For further information, see Figures 1 to 3 As a specific embodiment of the air purification structure of the present invention, the air inlet port of the shell 1 is also filled with an activated carbon fiber filter layer 5. As a high-efficiency adsorption material, the adsorption performance of activated carbon fiber has been greatly improved compared with the second-generation activated carbon. The fiber diameter of activated carbon fiber is fine (about 7 microns), and the contact area with the adsorbed substance is large, thereby increasing its adsorption efficiency. It has a large surface area, a fast adsorption and desorption rate, and a large adsorption capacity. Compared with activated carbon, the adsorption capacity can be increased by up to 10 times. In addition, the activated carbon fiber has small leakage loss, small filtration resistance, thin adsorption layer and small body density, which is easy to make light and miniaturized production equipment.

[0042] Furthermore, the port of the air outlet of the housing 1 is also filled with an activated carbon fiber filter layer 5, so that the purified air passes through the activated carbon fiber material again, and the high-voltage electric field byproducts such as ozone that may be carried in the gas will be removed. The thoroughly purified air is discharged through the air outlet for human inhalation.

[0043] For further information, see Figures 1 to 4 As another specific embodiment of the air purification structure of the present invention, a filter assembly is provided at the air inlet of the housing 1 to achieve coarse filtration of the air, which can effectively prevent coarse particles in the air from entering the plasma generator 3. By providing a filter assembly at the air inlet of the housing 1, the air purification rate is improved on the one hand, and the frequency of cleaning the plasma generator 3 is reduced on the other hand.

[0044] Specifically, the filter assembly includes a ring-shaped outer frame (not shown) and a filter screen wrapped in the outer frame and interference-fitted with the inner wall thereof, which has a simple structure, low cost, and is easy to replace and clean. Here, the filter screen preferably includes a plurality of filamentary nets, and the plurality of filamentary nets are stacked along the axial direction of the outer frame.

[0045] Furthermore, the air purification structure also includes an electric shield layer 6, which is arranged around the inner side of the purification tube 31 near the port of one end of the filter membrane assembly 2. Here, by providing the electric shield layer 6, the electric shield layer 6 is mainly used to absorb plasma and shield the high-voltage electric field. When the plasma generator 3 is working, it will generate a high voltage of tens of kilovolts. At the same time, if the plasma generated by it directly acts on the human body or other protected objects, it may cause harm. Therefore, it is necessary to install an electric shielding device at the end of the plasma generator 3 to neutralize the plasma and absorb high-voltage static electricity at the same time.

[0046] Specifically, the working process of the air purification structure 100 is as follows: the ambient air is first introduced into the plasma generator 3 after preliminary purification by the activated carbon fiber filter layer 5, and the large particles in the air are adsorbed and removed here, and the toxic and harmful gases and organic chemicals are oxidized and decomposed into harmless products, and the pathogenic microorganisms are killed under instantaneous high-voltage electric shock. Subsequently, the air enters the filter membrane assembly 22, and harmful substances such as particles with a particle size larger than the micropores of the ultrafiltration membrane (such as 0.01 micron) are effectively blocked, and the purified air passes through the activated carbon fiber layer 5 again, and the high-voltage electric field byproducts such as ozone that may be carried in the gas will be removed. The thoroughly purified air is discharged through the air outlet for human body inhalation. By using the plasma generator 3 and the capillary ultrafiltration membrane 21 cluster as the core purification device, the activated carbon fiber material is used as an auxiliary purification device to achieve multiple filtration of the air, and the purification rate of the air is greatly improved.

[0047] Under the same environment, the relationship between electrode thickness, plasma generator output voltage and purification rate TVOCs was tested, as shown in Table 1

[0048]

[0049]

[0050] Table 1

[0051] Note: TVOCs is a combination of all indoor organic substances obtained through sampling and analysis, mainly including gaseous pollutants such as toluene, benzene, butyl acetate, and styrene.

[0052] It can be seen that the higher the voltage between the electrodes and the thinner the electrodes, the better the purification effect on TVOCs. Under the condition of 0.10 mm electrode material and 18kV voltage, the purification capacity of TVOCs can reach 84.1%. Then when the thickness of the electrode material is further reduced to 0.05 mm, its purification efficiency can be further increased to more than 90%. However, the price of high-voltage components with a peak voltage higher than 18kV in the market has jumped significantly, and the processing difficulty and cost of metal materials with a thickness of less than 0.05 mm are extremely high. Therefore, under the conditions of production cost and processing technology, it is recommended to select metal electrode materials with lower thickness and try to increase the voltage difference of high-voltage components to improve the purification effect. At the same time, the increase in the electrode spacing will reduce the voltage intensity of the reaction electric field, thereby causing the plasma concentration to decrease and affecting the purification efficiency. For reference, the spacing between any two adjacent purification tubes 31 in the experiment is 5 mm. On the other hand, as the processing frequency increases, the discharge power of the plasma generator 3 will also increase, thereby increasing the density of high-energy particles and improving the killing rate of pathogens. However, as the operating frequency increases, the loss of components also increases, affecting the service life. For reference, the experiment used a high-frequency, high-voltage AC power supply with a power frequency of 40 kHz.

[0053] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a wearable device, which includes the above-mentioned air purification structure 100. By providing the above-mentioned air purification structure 100 on the wearable device, the air entering the wearable device can be purified multiple times, the purification effect is good, and the residual organic particulate matter, gaseous pollutants and pathogenic microorganisms can be decomposed or killed by the plasma in the plasma generator and purified. It should be noted that the current generated by the plasma generator 3 is very small and the duration is very short. In addition, the wearable device is provided with insulation protection, so there is no safety hazard in the use of the wearable device.

[0054] For example, the wearable device is a smart mask or a smart mask. The air purification structure 100 is arranged on the smart mask body or on the inner side of the smart mask body. Here, the air purification structure 100 is used as a filter element structure of the wearable device. On the one hand, it can purify the air entering the smart mask or smart mask and isolate the particles in the air from entering the user's mouth and nose through breathing. On the other hand, since the air purification structure 100 has the characteristics of simple structure and small size, it is beneficial for the manufacturer to design and change the shape and size of the wearable device, thereby achieving high wearing comfort for the user.

[0055] Furthermore, an embodiment of the present invention also provides an air purification device, such as a portable air purifier, a household air filter, etc., which includes the above-mentioned air purification structure 100. By providing the above-mentioned air purification structure 100 on the air purification device, it is possible to purify the air entering the air purification device multiple times, with good purification effect, and the residual organic particulate matter, gaseous pollutants and pathogenic microorganisms can be decomposed or killed by the plasma in the plasma generator to be purified, thereby preventing secondary pollution.

[0056] The above descriptions are merely optional embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An air purification structure, characterized in that: It comprises a shell, a filter membrane assembly and a plasma generator, wherein the shell has an air inlet and an air outlet which are interconnected, the plasma generator is installed in the shell and close to one end of the air inlet, the filter membrane assembly is vertically inserted into one end of the air outlet of the shell, the filter membrane assembly and the plasma generator are interconnected, the plasma generator comprises a plurality of purification tubes arranged in a nested manner and a plurality of mounting members arranged at both ends of the purification tubes and used for positioning and mounting each of the purification tubes, a gap is arranged between any two of the purification tubes, and electrodes with opposite polarities are respectively arranged on the outer side and the inner side of each of the purification tubes, and the electrodes are electrically connected to a power module; Each of the electrodes is spirally arranged along the height direction of the purification tube; A sawtooth structure is respectively provided on one side of any negative electrode of the electrodes away from the purification tube and on the edges of both ends; The filter membrane assembly comprises a plurality of capillary ultrafiltration membranes which are bundled and arranged side by side along the axial direction of the housing; The air purification structure further comprises an electric screen layer, which is arranged around the inner side of the purification tube near one end port of the filter membrane assembly.

2. The air purification structure according to claim 1 further comprises an air supply component installed at the air inlet of the shell, and the air supply component is electrically connected to the power module.

3. The air purification structure according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The air inlet port and the air outlet port of the shell are respectively filled with activated carbon fiber filter layers.

4. The air purification structure according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The air purification structure also includes an air guide cover which is arranged in the shell and has a trumpet-shaped cross section. The large end of the air guide cover is connected to the plasma generator, and the small end of the air guide cover is connected to the filter membrane assembly.

5. A wearable device, characterized in that: It comprises the air purification structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. An air purification device, characterized in that: It comprises the air purification structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

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