An extruder and its large-size L-shaped profile extrusion die for aviation

Abstract

The present application discloses an extrusion die for large-sized L-shaped profiles for aviation, including a flow guide die and a forming die, wherein the flow guide die is provided with a flow guide hole for the ingot to flow through to form an intermediate billet, and the forming die is provided with a die hole for the intermediate billet to flow through to form a profile, and the die hole has the same cross-sectional shape as the profile; the size of the flow guide hole is larger than the size of the die hole, and the die hole can be fully projected inside the flow guide hole in the flow direction of the ingot. The extrusion die provided in the present application adds a flow guide die between the forming die and the aluminum ingot so that the aluminum metal is pre-deformed before flowing into the die hole, and utilizes the frictional resistance of the hole wall of the flow guide hole to the aluminum metal to achieve the purpose of reducing the difference in metal flow velocity of each part on the cross section. The present application also discloses an extruder including the above-mentioned large-sized L-shaped profile extrusion die for aviation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of material processing equipment, and in particular to an extrusion die for large-sized L-shaped profiles for aviation. In addition, the present application also relates to an extruder including the above-mentioned extrusion die for large-sized L-shaped profiles for aviation. Background Art

[0002] The extra-large aluminum profiles used for special purposes in national defense construction have a fixed length of 8-11 meters. Based on functional needs, they have high requirements for shape and position dimensional accuracy. The technical indicators of their bending and twisting meet the high-precision or ultra-high-precision requirements of GB / T14846 "Dimensional Deviations of Aluminum and Aluminum Alloy Extruded Profiles".

[0003] like Figure 1 The cross-sectional shape of an example of an L-shaped profile for aviation used in the present invention is shown in the figure. The product specification is EL4180, and the alloy state is 7000 series super-hard aluminum alloy. The maximum circumscribed circle of the profile cross-section is 515mm, the width-to-thickness ratio is 19.5mm, and the maximum wall thickness is 60mm. Figure 1 The cross section of the profile shown is extremely asymmetric. The profile has a side wall with a larger cross-sectional area only at one end of the bottom beam in the transverse direction. The cross-sectional area of ​​the side wall accounts for 38.9% of the total cross-sectional area of ​​the profile, while there is no metal entity on the other side of the cross section.

[0004] Due to the extreme asymmetry of the profile cross section, the imbalance of metal flow rate during extrusion will cause the metal flow rate on one side of the profile to be fast, the profile will deflect in the lateral direction and twist in the circumferential direction, resulting in severe knife-shaped bending and twisting deformation, such as Figure 2 As shown. As a result, it is not easy to effectively straighten the profile through subsequent straightening operations to meet the technical requirements. Secondly, it is very dangerous that the product will flow out of the die hole unbalancedly during extrusion, and lateral deflection or circumferential torsion will cause the side wall to rub the discharge channel of the die system, causing die blockage, and production cannot continue, leading to serious production accidents. The difficulty also lies in the fact that the alloy used in this profile as an aviation structural material is a 7000 series super-hard aluminum alloy. The metal fluidity is much lower than the 6000 series aluminum alloy widely used in the civilian field, and the extrusion performance is extremely poor, which exacerbates its difficulty in extrusion forming.

[0005] To avoid the above problems, usually, when designing products, the cross section of the profile is designed to be symmetrical in consideration of the balance of metal flow rate, that is, an auxiliary side wall is added at the other end of the bottom beam in the horizontal direction to reduce or eliminate the lateral bending and twisting deformation during extrusion forming. In the later stage of part processing, the auxiliary side wall is mechanically removed. Obviously, adding auxiliary side walls will greatly increase the user's procurement cost, especially as aluminum alloy aviation materials are expensive. For oversized L-shaped profiles, the manufacturing method without auxiliary side walls has significant economic value. In this case, the design and manufacture of the key tool for forming, the mold, plays a vital role in whether the geometric dimensions of the profile can meet the requirements of technical conditions or whether normal extrusion production can be achieved.

[0006] In summary, the design and manufacture of extrusion dies are crucial to the successful production of extremely asymmetric L-shaped profiles. Therefore, how to overcome the obstacles brought about by the extremely asymmetric cross-section through a reasonable die design scheme to improve the straightness of profile extrusion, reduce external defects such as bending and twisting, and obtain a suitable cross-sectional size is a technical problem that needs to be urgently solved by technical personnel in this field. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present application is to provide an extrusion die for large-sized L-shaped profiles for aviation, which can effectively strengthen the balance of flow rates of various parts of aluminum metal and improve product quality by adding a flow guide die. Another purpose of the present application is to provide an extruder including the above-mentioned extrusion die for large-sized L-shaped profiles for aviation.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] A large-size L-shaped profile extrusion die for aviation is used for processing profiles with a bottom beam and a side wall on one side of the bottom beam. It is characterized in that it includes a guide die and a forming die, the guide die is provided with a guide hole for the ingot to flow through to form an intermediate billet, and the forming die is provided with a die hole for the intermediate billet to flow through to form a profile, and the die hole has the same cross-sectional shape as the profile; the outlet end face of the guide die can be fitted with the inlet end face of the forming die and then installed in a die sleeve; the size of the guide hole is larger than the size of the die hole, and the die hole can be fully projected inside the guide hole in the flow direction of the ingot.

[0010] Preferably, the guide holes are through holes with equal cross-sections.

[0011] Preferably, the guide hole is used to process the side of the bottom beam of the profile close to the side wall, and the upper and lower sides in the vertical direction are offset by 25-35 mm relative to the corresponding position of the mold hole; the guide hole is used to process the side of the bottom beam of the profile away from the side wall, and is offset by 25-35 mm in the horizontal direction relative to the corresponding position of the mold hole, and the upper and lower sides in the vertical direction are offset by 40-50 mm relative to the corresponding position of the mold hole; the top surface, outer side surface and inner side surface of the side wall of the profile where the guide hole is used to process are offset by 8-12 mm relative to the corresponding position of the mold hole.

[0012] Preferably, the corners of the hole wall of the guide hole are connected by a circular arc transition, and the fillet radius is not less than 10 mm; the edges formed by the guide hole and the inlet end face and the outlet end face of the guide die are set to be right angles or fillets with a radius ≤3 mm.

[0013] Preferably, the forming die is further provided with an empty knife hole having the same cross-sectional shape as the profile, the empty knife hole is connected to the die hole, and the empty knife hole is located on a side of the die hole close to the outlet end of the forming die.

[0014] Preferably, the distance between the hole wall of the empty knife hole and the hole wall of the die hole is 3-5 mm.

[0015] Preferably, the thickness of the side wall of the die hole corresponding to the extrusion of the profile is 63-65mm, and the height is 120-122mm; the length of the bottom edge of the die hole corresponding to the extrusion of the profile is 494-498mm; the thickness of the bottom beam of the die hole corresponding to the extrusion of the profile is 28-29mm; the position of the die hole corresponding to the side wall of the profile and the bottom angle corresponding to the extrusion of the profile are set to 100-102°.

[0016] Preferably, the bottom edge of the bottom beam of the mold hole is in an arc shape, and the height of the arc is 0.34-0.36mm; the top edge of the mold hole is set to an arc shape, and the height of the arc is 0.24-0.26mm; the bottom beam of the mold hole without side walls is parallel to the vertical mold center line of the forming mold, and the distance is 250-270mm; the bottom edge of the profile is arranged parallel to the horizontal mold center line of the forming mold, and the bottom edge is offset downward by 26.0-26.5mm.

[0017] Preferably, the die hole is provided with working belt zone 1, working belt zone 2, working belt zone 3, working belt zone 4 and working belt zone 5 in sequence from the end of the bottom beam corresponding to the extrusion of the profile away from the side wall to the top surface of the side wall corresponding to the extrusion of the profile; the length of the working belt zone 1 is set to 4-6mm; the length of the working belt zone 2 is set to 11-13mm; the length of the working belt zone 3 is set to 9-11mm; the length of the working belt zone 4 is set to 24-26mm; the length of the working belt zone 5 is set to 14-16mm.

[0018] The present application also provides an extruder, comprising any one of the above-mentioned large-size L-shaped profile extrusion dies for aviation.

[0019] The large-size L-shaped profile extrusion die for aviation provided in the present application is used for processing a profile having a bottom beam and a side wall on one side of the bottom beam, and includes a flow guide die and a forming die, wherein the flow guide die is provided with a flow guide hole for the ingot to flow through to form an intermediate billet, and the forming die is provided with a die hole for the intermediate billet to flow through to form a profile, and the die hole has the same cross-sectional shape as the profile; the outlet end face of the flow guide die can be installed in the die sleeve after being fitted with the inlet end face of the forming die; the size of the flow guide hole is larger than the size of the die hole, and the die hole can be fully projected inside the flow guide hole in the flow direction of the ingot. The large-size L-shaped profile extrusion die for aviation, by adding a flow guide die between the forming die and the aluminum ingot, and by using the flow guide hole of the flow guide die to strengthen the balance of the flow velocity of each part of the aluminum metal, the cross-section of the flow guide hole of the flow guide die is correlated with the profile of the profile, so that the aluminum metal is pre-deformed before flowing into the die hole, and the friction resistance of the hole wall of the flow guide hole to the aluminum metal is used to achieve the purpose of reducing the flow velocity difference of each part of the metal on the cross section.

[0020] The extruder provided in the present application is provided with the above-mentioned large-sized L-shaped profile extrusion die for aviation. Since the above-mentioned large-sized L-shaped profile extrusion die for aviation has the above-mentioned technical effects, the extruder provided with the large-sized L-shaped profile extrusion die for aviation should also have corresponding technical effects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a large-sized L-shaped profile for aviation;

[0023] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the lateral bending that is prone to occur when extruding large-sized L-shaped profiles for aviation;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the guide die and the forming die in the large-size L-shaped profile extrusion die for aviation provided in this application;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal section of the assembly of the guide die, forming die, die sleeve, extrusion cylinder, extrusion pad and aluminum ingot;

[0026] Figure 5 The die hole size scheme for the forming die;

[0027] Figure 6 The die hole working zone size scheme for the forming die;

[0028] Figure 7 The die hole size scheme for the flow-introduction die;

[0029] Wherein: bottom beam (1-1), side wall (1-2), bottom surface (1-3), top surface of bottom beam (1-4), outer side surface (1-5), inner side surface (1-6), top surface of side wall (1-7), flow guide die (2-1), flow guide die inlet end (2-2), flow guide hole (2-3), flow guide hole profile (2-4), forming die (3-1), forming die inlet end (3-2), die hole (3-3), empty knife hole (3-4), working belt zone 1 (3-5), working belt zone 2 (3-6), working belt zone 3 (3-7), working belt zone 4 (3-8), working belt zone 5 (3-9), die sleeve (4), extrusion cylinder (5), extrusion pad (6), aluminum ingot (7). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The core of the present application is to provide an extrusion die for large-sized L-shaped profiles for aviation, which can significantly improve the processing efficiency of L-shaped profiles, reduce processing costs, and reduce subsequent processing steps by adding a guide die. Another core of the present application is to provide an extruder including the above-mentioned extrusion die for large-sized L-shaped profiles for aviation.

[0031] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0032] Please refer to Figures 3 to 7 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the guide die and the forming die in the large-size L-shaped profile extrusion die for aviation provided in this application; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal section of the assembly of the guide die, forming die, die sleeve, extrusion cylinder, extrusion pad and aluminum ingot; Figure 5 The die hole size scheme for the forming die; Figure 6 The die hole working zone size scheme for the forming die; Figure 7 This is the die hole size scheme for the flow guide die.

[0033] In this embodiment, a large-size L-shaped profile extrusion die for aviation is used to process a profile having a bottom beam 1-1 and a side wall 1-2 on one side of the bottom beam 1-1. Specifically, the length of the bottom surface 1-3 of the profile is 485 mm, the height of the bottom beam 1-1 is 26 mm, that is, the height between the top surface 1-4 of the bottom beam and the bottom surface 1-3 is 26 mm, the width of the side wall 1-2 is 60 mm, the height of the side wall 1-2 is 116 mm, that is, the distance between the top surface 1-7 of the side wall and the bottom surface 1-3 is 116 mm, the angle between the side wall 1-2 and the bottom beam 1-1 is 101°, and the radius of the transition fillet between the side wall 1-2 and the bottom beam 1-1 is 10 mm.

[0034] The extrusion die includes a flow guide die 2-1 and a forming die 3-1. The flow guide die 2-1 is provided with a flow guide hole 2-3 for the ingot to flow through to form an intermediate billet. The forming die 3-1 is provided with a die hole 3-3 for the intermediate billet to flow through to form a profile. The die hole 3-3 has the same cross-sectional shape as the profile, and the shape of the flow guide hole 2-3 is correlated with the cross-sectional shape of the profile.

[0035] Specifically, the flow guide die 2-1 includes a flow guide die inlet end 2-2 and a flow guide die 2-1 outlet end, the forming die 3-1 includes a forming die inlet end 3-2 and a forming die 3-1 outlet end, the outlet end face of the flow guide die 2-1 can be fitted with the inlet end face of the forming die 3-1 and then installed in the die sleeve 4; the size of the flow guide hole 2-3 is larger than the size of the die hole 3-3, and the die hole 3-3 can be completely projected inside the flow guide hole 2-3 in the flow direction of the ingot.

[0036] More specifically, the extrusion die is composed of a flow guide die 2-1 and a forming die 3-1, which are used in combination, with the end face of the flow guide die inlet end 2-2 in contact with the ingot, and the outlet end face of the flow guide die 2-1 in contact with the inlet end face of the forming die 3-1. The flow guide die 2-1 and the forming die 3-1 are combined and installed in the die sleeve 4, and used in conjunction with tools such as the extrusion barrel 5. The aluminum ingot 7 is placed in the circular hole of the extrusion barrel 5, with one end in contact with the flow guide die inlet end 2-2 and the other end in contact with the end face of the extrusion pad 6. The extrusion pad 6 moves toward the die under the push of the extrusion force, causing the aluminum ingot 7 to undergo plastic deformation, and the aluminum metal flows into the flow guide hole 2-3 of the flow guide die 2-1, and then flows into the die hole 3-3 of the forming die 3-1. Under the radial constraint of the die hole 3-3 of the forming die 3-1, the aluminum metal passes through the die hole 3-3 to become a long strip of aluminum product with a stable cross-section in the length direction, i.e., a profile.

[0037] The large-size L-shaped profile extrusion die for aviation uses a guide die 2-1 between the forming die 3-1 and the aluminum ingot 7, and uses the guide holes 2-3 of the guide die 2-1 to strengthen the balance of the flow velocity of each part of the aluminum metal. The cross-section of the guide hole profile 2-4 of the guide die 2-1 is correlated with the profile cross-section of the profile, so that the aluminum metal is pre-deformed before flowing into the die hole 3-3, and the friction resistance of the hole wall of the guide hole 2-3 to the aluminum metal is used to achieve the purpose of reducing the difference in metal flow velocity of each part on the cross-section.

[0038] Based on the above embodiments, the thickness of the flow guide mold 2-1 is optional, preferably 60-120mm, and the example of the present invention is 100mm; the outer diameter of the flow guide mold 2-1 is optional, and the example is 700-800mm. The thickness of the forming mold 3-1 is optional, preferably 120-180, and the example of the present invention is 150mm; the outer diameter of the forming mold 3-1 is optional, and preferably 700-800mm. The other outer contour dimensions of the flow guide mold 2-1 and the forming mold 3-1 are determined based on matching with related assembly parts, which are not key elements of the present invention, so no further explanation is given.

[0039] On the basis of the above embodiments, the guide hole 2-3 is a through hole with a constant cross section, that is, the guide hole 2-3 has a constant cross section in the extension direction between the inlet end 2-2 and the outlet end of the guide die.

[0040] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, the guide hole 2-3 is used for processing the side of the bottom beam 1-1 of the profile close to the side wall 1-2, and is offset by 25-35 mm on the upper and lower sides in the vertical direction relative to the corresponding positions of the mold hole 3-3; specifically, the middle part of the bottom beam 1-1 is close to the center of the mold, and the metal fluidity is better than the end of the bottom beam 1-1 without the side wall 1-2, but because the wall of the bottom beam 1-1 is thin, the guide hole 2-3 is offset by 30 mm on the upper and lower sides in the vertical direction relative to the mold hole 3-3.

[0041] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, the guide hole 2-3 is used for processing the side of the bottom beam 1-1 of the profile away from the side wall 1-2, and is offset by 25-35mm in the horizontal direction relative to the corresponding position of the mold hole 3-3, and is offset by 40-50mm on the upper and lower sides in the vertical direction relative to the corresponding positions of the mold hole 3-3; specifically, since the end of the bottom beam 1-1 without the side wall 1-2 is affected by the dual effects of "thin wall" and "large friction resistance close to the inner wall of the extrusion cylinder 5", the metal fluidity is the worst. In order to reduce the friction resistance of the side wall of the guide cavity to the metal and enhance the fluidity of the metal, it is necessary to appropriately increase the area of ​​the guide cavity, and offset it by 30mm in the horizontal direction relative to the mold hole 3-3, and offset it by 45mm on the upper and lower sides in the vertical direction relative to the mold hole 3-3.

[0042] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, the top surface, outer side surface 1-5, and inner side surface 1-6 of the side wall 1-2 of the processing profile of the guide hole 2-3 are offset by 8-12mm relative to the corresponding position of the die hole 3-3; specifically, the metal solid area at the side wall 1-2 is the largest, and the metal fluidity at this location is the strongest part on the forming section. It is necessary to use the friction resistance of the side wall of the guide hole 2-3 to suppress the metal flow in order to achieve a balance of the metal flow rate on the entire section. Therefore, the space of the guide hole 2-3 at this location should be greatly limited, and the top surface, outer side surface 1-5, and inner side surface 1-6 of the die hole 3-3 of the side wall 1-2 are offset by 10mm respectively. Obviously, since the side wall of the guide hole 2-3 is very close to the die hole 3-3, its friction resistance to the metal flowing through here is very obvious.

[0043] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, the corners of the hole wall of the guide hole 2-3 are connected by a circular arc surface, and the fillet radius is not less than 10mm; specifically, in order to reduce the turbulence caused by sharp corners, the corners of the hole wall of the guide hole 2-3 are connected by a circular arc surface, and the fillet radius is optional, preferably not less than R10mm.

[0044] On the basis of the above embodiments, the edges formed by the guide hole 2-3 and the inlet end face and the outlet end face of the guide die 2-1 are set to be right angles or fillets with a radius of ≤3mm. Specifically, the edges formed by the guide hole 2-3 and the inlet end face and the outlet end face of the guide die 2-1 are set to be fillets with a radius of no more than R3 or right angles.

[0045] Based on the above embodiments, the forming die 3-1 is also provided with an empty knife hole 3-4 having the same cross-sectional shape as the profile, the empty knife hole 3-4 is connected to the die hole 3-3, and the empty knife hole 3-4 is located on the side of the die hole 3-3 close to the outlet end of the forming die 3-1.

[0046] Specifically, the die hole 3-3 of the forming die 3-1 guides the metal to achieve the effect of shaping the cross-sectional size of the profile. The cross-sectional size of the hollow knife hole 3-4 is larger than the cross-sectional size of the forming hole. Its function is to separate the aluminum metal from the die metal to avoid the friction between the die and the profile surface. At the same time, it guides the formed profile to move the extruded profile as much as possible along the extrusion direction.

[0047] It should be noted here that the size of the die hole 3-3 is determined based on parameters such as the nominal size of the profile section, dimensional tolerance, metal expansion coefficient, deformation temperature, and stretching straightening process.

[0048] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, the distance between the hole wall of the empty knife hole 3-4 and the hole wall of the die hole 3-3 is 3-5 mm.

[0049] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, the thickness of the side wall 1-2 of the extruded profile corresponding to the die hole 3-3 is 63-65 mm, and the height is 120-122 mm; the length of the bottom edge of the extruded profile corresponding to the die hole 3-3 is 494-498 mm; the thickness of the bottom beam 1-1 of the extruded profile corresponding to the die hole 3-3 is 28-29 mm; the position of the die hole 3-3 corresponding to the side wall 1-2 of the extruded profile and the bottom angle corresponding to the bottom beam 1-1 of the extruded profile are set to 100-102°.

[0050] Specifically, the width of the side wall 1-2 of the die hole 3-3, that is, the thickness of the side wall 1-2 of the extruded profile, is set to 65 mm; the height of the side wall 1-2 of the die hole 3-3 is set to 121 mm; the length of the bottom side of the die hole 3-3, that is, the length of the bottom side of the extruded profile, is set to 496 mm; the height of the bottom beam 1-1 of the die hole 3-3, that is, the thickness of the bottom beam 1-1 of the extruded profile, is set to 28.6 mm; the angle between the side wall 1-2 of the die hole 3-3 and the bottom beam 1-1 is set to 101 degrees.

[0051] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, the bottom edge of the bottom beam 1-1 of the die hole 3-3 is in an arc shape, and the height of the arc is 0.34-0.36mm; the top edge of the die hole 3-3 is set to an arc shape, and the height of the arc is 0.24-0.26mm; specifically, because the mold will produce elastic deformation under the extrusion state, it will cause a concave defect, that is, a plane gap, on the bottom surface 1-3 of the profile. In order to offset the dimensional changes caused by the elastic deformation of the mold and avoid the plane gap from exceeding the tolerance and causing the profile to be scrapped, the bottom edge of the die hole 3-3 is set to an arc shape, and the height of the arc is 0.35mm. Similarly, in order to offset the influence of the elastic deformation of the mold, the top edge of the bottom beam 1-1 of the die hole 3-3 is set to an arc shape, and the height of the arc is 0.25mm.

[0052] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, the bottom beam 1-1 of the die hole 3-3 without the side wall 1-2 is parallel to the vertical die center line of the forming die 3-1, with a distance of 250-270mm; the bottom edge of the profile is arranged in parallel with the horizontal die center line of the forming die 3-1, and the bottom edge is offset downward by 26.0-26.5mm. Specifically, since the cross section of the profile is extremely asymmetric, it is not suitable to coincide the geometric center of the cross section with the axis of the forming die 3-1. In order to balance the flow rate of the metal, the present invention deviates the side wall 1-2 portion of the die hole 3-3 further from the axis of the forming die 3-1. Specifically, in this example, the bottom beam 1-1 of the die hole 3-3 without the side wall 1-2 is parallel to the vertical die center line of the forming die 3-1, with a distance of 260mm; the bottom edge of the profile is arranged in parallel with the horizontal die center line of the forming die 3-1, and the bottom edge is offset downward by 26.1mm.

[0053] Furthermore, the hole wall of the die hole 3-3 is a combination of continuous planes or curved surfaces, which is called a working zone. The length of the working zone along the extrusion direction is different in the circumferential direction of the die hole 3-3, so as to adjust the metal flow rate, and strive to make the metal flow rates of each part flowing through the die hole 3-3 as similar as possible. If the difference in the metal flow rates of each part flowing through the die hole 3-3 is large, the extruded profile will be deflected and twisted. Obviously, whether the shape and length of the working zone are reasonable is one of the key factors for the successful implementation of the present invention.

[0054] Specifically, the die hole 3-3 is provided with working belt zone 1 3-5, working belt zone 2 3-6, working belt zone 3 3-7, working belt zone 4 3-8 and working belt zone 5 3-9 in sequence from the end of the bottom beam 1-1 corresponding to the extruded profile away from the side wall 1-2 to the top surface of the side wall 1-2 corresponding to the extruded profile; the length of working belt zone 1 3-5 is set to 4-6mm; the length of working belt zone 2 3-6 is set to 11-13mm; the length of working belt zone 3-7 is set to 9-11mm; the length of working belt zone 4 3-8 is set to 24-26mm; the length of working belt zone 5 3-9 is set to 14-16mm.

[0055] More specifically, since being close to the mold center is conducive to metal flow, the length of working zone 2 3-6 is set to 12mm; considering that it is far away from the center of the mold hole 3-3 and has a thin wall thickness, the metal fluidity is the worst, and the length of working zone 1 3-5 is set to 5mm; although the height of the mold hole 3-3 is the same as that of working zone 2 3-6, it is far away from the mold center and the metal flow becomes worse, and the length of working zone 3 3-7 is set to 10mm; although being far away from the center of the mold hole 3-3 is extremely unfavorable for metal flow, the solid metal of the side wall 1-2 is the largest, which greatly promotes the flow of metal, so the length of working zone 4 3-8 is set to 25mm; considering that it is farthest from the mold center and has great friction resistance at the corners, and considering that its solid metal is large, the length of working zone 5 3-9 is smaller than that of working zone 4 3-8, but larger than working zone 1 3-5, zone 2, and zone 3, and is set to 15mm.

[0056] It should be noted that, in order to prevent the friction of the metal between the working bands from changing drastically and avoid obvious extrusion streaks on the surface of the extruded profile, the working bands between adjacent working bands are connected by a bevel transition. The die is provided with a flow guide die 2-1 between the forming die 3-1 and the aluminum ingot 7 to pre-balance the flow rate of each part of the metal that is about to flow into the die hole 3-3 before the aluminum metal flows into the die hole 3-3.

[0057] In addition to the above-mentioned large-size L-shaped profile extrusion die for aviation, the present application also provides an extruder including the above-mentioned large-size L-shaped profile extrusion die for aviation. Specifically, the profile example is produced by extrusion using a heavy-duty extruder with an extrusion force of more than 10,000 tons. In addition, the profile example is produced by extrusion using a round extrusion barrel 5 with an inner hole diameter of not less than 650 mm configured by the above-mentioned extruder. Please refer to the prior art for the structure of other parts of the extruder, which will not be repeated in this article.

[0058] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0059] The above is a detailed introduction to the large-size L-shaped profile extrusion die for aviation provided by the present application. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principles of the present application, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. An extrusion die for large-size L-shaped profiles for aviation, used for processing profiles having a bottom beam (1-1) and a side wall (1-2) provided on one side of the bottom beam (1-1), characterized in that: The invention comprises a flow guide die (2-1) and a forming die (3-1), wherein the flow guide die (2-1) is provided with a flow guide hole (2-3) through which an ingot can flow to form an intermediate billet, and the forming die (3-1) is provided with a die hole (3-3) through which the intermediate billet can flow to form a profile, and the die hole (3-3) has the same cross-sectional shape as the profile; the outlet end face of the flow guide die (2-1) can be fitted with the inlet end face of the forming die (3-1) and then installed in a die sleeve (4); the size of the flow guide hole (2-3) is larger than the size of the die hole (3-3), and the die hole (3-3) can be fully projected into the inside of the flow guide hole (2-3) in the flow direction of the ingot; The guide hole (2-3) is a through hole of uniform cross section; the guide hole (2-3) is used to process the side of the bottom beam (1-1) of the profile close to the side wall (1-2), and the upper and lower sides in the vertical direction are offset by 25-35 mm relative to the corresponding position of the mold hole (3-3); the guide hole (2-3) is used to process the side of the bottom beam (1-1) of the profile away from the side wall (1-2), and the upper and lower sides in the horizontal direction are offset by 25-35 mm relative to the corresponding position of the mold hole (3-3), and the upper and lower sides in the vertical direction are offset by 40-50 mm relative to the corresponding position of the mold hole (3-3); the guide hole (2-3) is used to process the top surface, outer side surface (1-5) and inner side surface (1-6) of the side wall (1-2) of the profile. Each corresponding position relative to the die hole (3-3) is offset by 8-12 mm; each corner of the hole wall of the guide hole (2-3) is connected by a circular arc surface transition, and the fillet radius is not less than 10 mm; the edges formed by the guide hole (2-3) and the inlet end face and the outlet end face of the guide die (2-1) are set to be right angles or fillets with a radius of ≤3 mm; the forming die (3-1) is also provided with an empty knife hole (3-4) with the same cross-sectional shape as the profile, the empty knife hole (3-4) is connected to the die hole (3-3), and the empty knife hole (3-4) is located on the side of the die hole (3-3) close to the outlet end of the forming die (3-1); the distance between the hole wall of the empty knife hole (3-4) and the hole wall of the die hole (3-3) is 3-5 mm.

2. The large-size L-shaped profile extrusion die for aviation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The die hole (3-3) has a thickness of 63-65 mm and a height of 120-122 mm corresponding to the side wall (1-2) of the profile extruded; the length of the bottom edge of the die hole (3-3) corresponding to the bottom edge of the profile extruded is 494-498 mm; the thickness of the bottom beam (1-1) of the profile extruded by the die hole (3-3) is 28-29 mm; and the angle between the position of the die hole (3-3) corresponding to the side wall (1-2) of the profile extruded and the bottom of the bottom beam (1-1) of the profile extruded is set to 100-102°.

3. The large-size L-shaped profile extrusion die for aviation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom edge of the bottom beam (1-1) of the mold hole (3-3) is in an arc shape, and the height of the arc is 0.34-0.36 mm; the top edge of the mold hole (3-3) is set in an arc shape, and the height of the arc is 0.24-0.26 mm; the side of the bottom beam (1-1) of the mold hole (3-3) without a side wall (1-2) is parallel to the vertical mold center line of the forming mold (3-1), and the distance is 250-270 mm; the bottom edge of the profile is arranged in parallel with the horizontal mold center line of the forming mold (3-1), and the bottom edge is offset downward by 26.0-26.5 mm.

4. The large-size L-shaped profile extrusion die for aviation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The die hole (3-3) is provided with a working zone 1 (3-5), a working zone 2 (3-6), a working zone 3 (3-7), a working zone 4 (3-8) and a working zone 5 (3-9) in sequence from the end of the bottom beam (1-1) corresponding to the extrusion of the profile and away from the side wall (1-2) to the top surface of the side wall (1-2) corresponding to the extrusion of the profile; the length of the working zone 1 (3-5) is set to 4-6 mm; the length of the working zone 2 (3-6) is set to 11-13 mm; the length of the working zone 3 (3-7) is set to 9-11 mm; the length of the working zone 4 (3-8) is set to 24-26 mm; and the length of the working zone 5 (3-9) is set to 14-16 mm.

5. An extruder, comprising a large-size L-shaped profile extrusion die for aviation, characterized in that: The large-size L-shaped profile extrusion die for aviation is the large-size L-shaped profile extrusion die for aviation as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

Images