Thermal storage type electric heating high temperature electrode lead-out device

Abstract

A heat storage type electric heating high temperature electrode lead-out device comprises an electrode lead-out section, wherein a cavity with a "U"-shaped cross section is opened in the middle, the cavity is filled with ceramic fiber insulation cotton, and then an electrode wiring section is installed; the outer circumferential surface of the electrode lead-out section is matched with a first insulating ceramic, a V-shaped sealing ring and a second insulating ceramic are sequentially sleeved on the electrode lead-out section at the tail of the first insulating ceramic, a spiral channel type water cooling jacket is simultaneously installed on the outer circumferential surface of the first insulating ceramic and the second insulating ceramic, the outer circumferential surface of the spiral channel type water cooling jacket is sleeved with a shell, and a cooling water outlet and a cooling water inlet connected to the spiral channel type water cooling jacket are arranged on the shell; an interval flat gasket is installed on the electrode lead-out section outside the second insulating ceramic, a disc spring is installed between the two flat gaskets, and a compression nut is installed outside the flat gasket located outside. The structure has reliable performance and meets the use requirements of special occasions such as high temperature environment and high current density transmission.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of electrode lead-out devices, in particular to a heat storage type electric heating high-temperature electrode lead-out device. Background Art

[0002] The electric heater is a core electric heating device for the technical research and development and performance verification of key military equipment. It is used to heat the flowing gaseous medium. When the heating medium passes through the heating chamber of the electric heater under pressure, the huge heat generated by the internal operation of the electric heating element is evenly taken away by the principle of fluid thermodynamics, so that the temperature of the heated medium meets the process requirements.

[0003] In the prior art, it is necessary to lead out the power supply from the pressure vessel of the electric heater, and usually a solid electrode is used to lead out the power supply. In order to improve the current carrying capacity of the electrode, the usual practice is to use low resistivity materials or increase the cross-sectional area for current flow. However, the thermal conductivity of low resistivity metal materials is high. At the same time, the increase in the cross-sectional area of ​​the electrode is equivalent to the increase in the heat transfer area, which directly leads to an increase in the heat transfer amount in a high temperature environment. Therefore, the conventional electrode structure cannot achieve the purpose of large current transmission in a high temperature environment. When external water cooling is used, it is difficult to achieve efficient cooling requirements due to the small surface area of ​​the solid structure available for cooling. At the same time, the poor cooling effect will cause high-temperature aging of the seal, and there are certain safety hazards, which cannot meet the use requirements. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the above-mentioned existing production technology, the applicant provides a heat storage type electric heating high-temperature electrode lead-out device with a reasonable structure, which can effectively ensure the insulation and have a good cooling effect under the condition of meeting the current output, thereby meeting the use requirements.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A heat storage type electric heating high temperature electrode lead-out device, comprising an electrode lead-out section, a cavity with a "U"-shaped cross section is opened in the middle of the electrode lead-out section, the cavity is filled with ceramic fiber insulation wool, and an electrode wiring section is installed at the tail of the cavity filled with ceramic fiber insulation wool;

[0007] The outer circumferential surface of the electrode lead-out section is matched with a first insulating ceramic, a V-shaped sealing ring and a second insulating ceramic are sequentially sleeved on the electrode lead-out section at the tail of the first insulating ceramic, a spiral channel type water cooling jacket is simultaneously installed on the outer circumferential surface of the first insulating ceramic and the second insulating ceramic, the outer circumferential surface of the spiral channel type water cooling jacket is sleeved with an outer shell, and the outer shell is provided with a cooling water outlet and a cooling water inlet connected to the spiral channel type water cooling jacket;

[0008] The electrode lead-out section outside the second insulating ceramic is provided with spaced flat washers, a disc spring is provided between the two flat washers, and a clamping nut is provided outside the flat washers located outside.

[0009] As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

[0010] The structure of the electrode lead-out section is as follows: it includes a connector, a first section is extended outwardly from one end surface of the connector, a second section is extended from the tail of the first section, the outer diameter of the second section is smaller than the outer diameter of the first section, and cavities are opened inside the first section and the second section.

[0011] The electrode lead-out section is provided with internal and external pressure balance holes.

[0012] The first insulating ceramic adopts a split structure, and its specific structural features are: it includes a plurality of cylindrical structures interlocked with each other, each cylindrical structure has the same outer diameter, a protrusion is arranged on the cylindrical structure at the head, and an external thread structure is arranged on the protrusion.

[0013] The structure of the spiral channel type water cooling jacket is as follows: it includes a cylindrical section, a spiral section extends from the tail of the cylindrical section, a flange extends from the tail of the spiral section, the cross section of the second insulating ceramic is a "convex"-shaped structure, and the second insulating ceramic abuts against the flange.

[0014] The length of the first insulating ceramic is greater than the length of the second insulating ceramic.

[0015] The tail of the electrode lead-out section is welded to the electrode connection section.

[0016] The electrode connection segment is made of red copper with low resistivity.

[0017] The head of the electrode connection segment is spirally connected in the electrode lead-out segment.

[0018] The tail of the electrode connection segment is provided with a step, and a plurality of screw holes are opened on the step surface.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0020] The present invention has a compact and reasonable structure and is easy to operate. Through the unique design of the electrode lead-out section, with the cooperation of external water cooling, insulating ceramics, ceramic fiber insulation cotton, V-shaped sealing rings and other components, the electrode can be easily and smoothly led out to ensure insulation. Under the premise of meeting the large current output in a high temperature environment, it has a good cooling effect and meets the use requirements.

[0021] The present invention effectively ensures the insulation and sealing effect between the pressure container and the metal electrode.

[0022] The present invention fills the hollow structure of the electrode lead-out section with heat insulation material to reduce the heat conduction inside the electrode.

[0023] The electrode wiring of the present invention adopts low-resistivity copper, is preliminarily connected to the electrode rod through a threaded structure, and is welded after the threaded connection is completed to further reduce the overlap resistance.

[0024] The present invention provides internal and external pressure balancing openings in the electrode lead-out section.

[0025] During use, the temperature of the electrode of the present invention rises and its length increases. At this time, the relative installation space of the V-shaped sealing gasket increases and the sealing performance decreases. The disc spring is used to compensate for the expansion of the electrode, thereby ensuring stable sealing performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 It is an exploded view of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 It is the front view of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Full section view along section AA.

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the electrode lead-out section of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the insulating ceramic of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the spiral channel type water cooling jacket of the present invention.

[0033] Among them: 1. electrode lead section; 2. first insulating ceramic; 3. spiral channel water cooling jacket; 4. cooling water outlet; 5. cooling water inlet; 6. flange; 7. second insulating ceramic; 8. flat gasket; 9. disc spring; 10. clamping nut; 11. electrode connection section; 12. screw hole; 13. shell; 14. ceramic fiber insulation cotton; 15. V-shaped sealing ring;

[0034] 101, connector; 102, first section; 103, second section; 104, cavity;

[0035] 201, external thread structure; 202, cylindrical structure;

[0036] 301. Cylindrical segment; 302. Spiral segment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The specific implementation of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0038] like Figure 1-Figure 7 As shown, the heat storage type electric heating high temperature electrode lead-out device of this embodiment includes an electrode lead-out section 1, a cavity 104 with a "U"-shaped cross section is opened in the middle of the electrode lead-out section 1, and the cavity 104 is filled with ceramic fiber insulation cotton 14, and an electrode wiring section 11 is installed at the tail of the cavity 104 filled with ceramic fiber insulation cotton 14;

[0039] The outer circumferential surface of the electrode lead-out section 1 is matched with the first insulating ceramic 2, and the electrode lead-out section 1 at the tail of the first insulating ceramic 2 is sequentially sleeved with a V-shaped sealing ring 15 and a second insulating ceramic 7, and the outer circumferential surfaces of the first insulating ceramic 2 and the second insulating ceramic 7 are simultaneously installed with a spiral channel type water cooling jacket 3, and the outer circumferential surface of the spiral channel type water cooling jacket 3 is sleeved with an outer shell 13, and the outer shell 13 is provided with a cooling water outlet 4 and a cooling water inlet 5 connected with the spiral channel type water cooling jacket 3;

[0040] The electrode lead-out section 1 outside the second insulating ceramic 7 is provided with spaced flat washers 8 , a disc spring 9 is provided between the two flat washers 8 , and a clamping nut 10 is provided outside the flat washers 8 located outside.

[0041] The structure of the electrode lead section 1 is as follows: it includes a connector 101, a first section 102 extends outward from one end of the connector 101, a second section 103 extends from the tail of the first section 102, the outer diameter of the second section 103 is smaller than the outer diameter of the first section 102, and a cavity 104 is opened inside the first section 102 and the second section 103.

[0042] The wall thickness of the first section 102 is 15 mm.

[0043] The electrode lead-out section 1 is provided with internal and external pressure balancing holes.

[0044] The first insulating ceramic 2 adopts a split structure, and its specific structural features are: it includes a plurality of cylindrical structures 202 interlocked with each other, each cylindrical structure 202 has the same outer diameter, a protrusion is arranged on the cylindrical structure 202 at the head, and an external thread structure 201 is arranged on the protrusion.

[0045] The structure of the spiral channel type water cooling jacket 3 is: it includes a cylindrical section 301, a spiral section 302 extends from the tail of the cylindrical section 301, a flange 6 extends from the tail of the spiral section 302, and the cross-section of the second insulating ceramic 7 is a "convex"-shaped structure, and the second insulating ceramic 7 is against the flange 6.

[0046] The length of the first insulating ceramic 2 is greater than the length of the second insulating ceramic 7 .

[0047] The tail of the electrode lead-out section 1 is welded to the electrode connection section 11 .

[0048] The electrode connection segment 11 is made of copper with low resistivity.

[0049] The head of the electrode connection segment 11 is spirally connected in the electrode lead-out segment 1 .

[0050] A step is provided at the tail of the electrode connection segment 11, and a plurality of screw holes 12 are formed on the step surface.

[0051] During the actual installation process:

[0052] First, the electrode lead-out section 1 is led out and installed, and then the ceramic fiber insulation cotton 14 is embedded in the cavity 104. According to the length of the electrode lead-out section 1, a plurality of appropriate cylindrical structures 202 are selected, and the first insulating ceramic 2 is buckled to form the first insulating ceramic 2. The first insulating ceramic 2 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the electrode lead-out section 1. The outer circumference of the first insulating ceramic 2 is sleeved with a spiral channel type water cooling jacket 3 and a shell 13. Then, a V-shaped sealing ring 15 and a second insulating ceramic 7 are installed at the tail of the first insulating ceramic 2. The second insulating ceramic 7 is against the flange 6. The electrode terminal section 11 is spirally installed at the tail of the electrode lead-out section 1 (after the threaded connection, welding can also be performed to ensure the reliability of the connection). Then, a flat gasket 8, a disc spring 9 and a clamping nut 10 are respectively installed at the tail of the second insulating ceramic 7. The electrode terminal section 11 is connected to the cable connection box. It is easy to install, has a good insulation effect, meets the current and has a good cooling function, and has strong comprehensive performance.

[0053] Composition of electrode heat:

[0054] (I) Work done by heat conduction - the heat conduction from the high temperature medium in the container to the electrode. The smaller the thermal conductivity, the less work done by heat conduction.

[0055] (ii) Resistance heating and work - the heat generated by the electrode under the action of current. The smaller the resistivity, the less work the electrode does.

[0056] In the present invention, the electrode temperature comes from high-temperature heat conduction and current work. The ideal electrode material has low resistivity and thermal conductivity, but the actual situation is that the resistivity and thermal conductivity of metal materials are approximately symmetrical, that is, the smaller the resistivity, the greater the thermal conductivity of the material. This performance has a great influence on the electrode design. When selecting a material with low thermal conductivity, it will also be accompanied by an increase in the work done by resistive heating. In the electrode design process, the sum of the work done by the two should be evaluated, and the material that requires lower power consumption should be selected as the electrode material.

[0057] The cross-sectional area of ​​the electrode is proportional to the amount of work done by heat conduction and inversely proportional to the amount of work done by resistance heat generation. A reasonable electrode cross-sectional area can effectively reduce the electrode temperature and electrode cooling requirements.

[0058] Under the premise that the ambient temperature in the container, current density, electrode material, and electrode current-carrying area are constant, the external cooling and heat exchange effect directly determines the temperature of the electrode terminal.

[0059] In order to enhance the cooling effect, this solution adopts the following two methods:

[0060] 1. Increase the heat exchange efficiency on the cold side

[0061] The water cooling jacket adopts a spiral channel structure, which increases the flow rate of cooling water in the channel and increases the heat exchange area between the water cooling jacket and the cooling water, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0062] 2. Increase the heat dissipation area of ​​the electrode rod

[0063] When the temperature difference between the electrode and the refrigerant and the cooling heat transfer coefficient are constant, the electrode surface area is proportional to the cooling power. In the present invention, the electrode is made into a hollow structure without changing the electrode cross-sectional area, thereby achieving the effect of increasing the cooling area.

[0064] The above description is an explanation of the present invention, not a limitation of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined in the claims. Any form of modification may be made within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heat storage type electric heating high temperature electrode lead-out device, characterized in that: It comprises an electrode lead-out section (1), wherein a cavity (104) with a "U"-shaped cross section is opened in the middle of the electrode lead-out section (1), wherein the cavity (104) is filled with ceramic fiber thermal insulation cotton (14), and an electrode wiring section (11) is installed at the tail of the cavity (104) filled with the ceramic fiber thermal insulation cotton (14); The outer circumferential surface of the electrode lead-out section (1) is fitted with a first insulating ceramic (2); a V-shaped sealing ring (15) and a second insulating ceramic (7) are sequentially sleeved on the electrode lead-out section (1) at the tail of the first insulating ceramic (2); a spiral channel type water cooling jacket (3) is simultaneously installed on the outer circumferential surfaces of the first insulating ceramic (2) and the second insulating ceramic (7); the outer circumferential surface of the spiral channel type water cooling jacket (3) is sleeved with an outer shell (13); and the outer shell (13) is provided with a cooling water outlet (4) and a cooling water inlet (5) which are in communication with the spiral channel type water cooling jacket (3); The electrode lead-out section (1) outside the second insulating ceramic (7) is provided with spaced flat washers (8), a disc spring (9) is provided between the two flat washers (8), and a clamping nut (10) is provided outside the flat washer (8) located outside; the electrode lead-out section (1) is provided with internal and external pressure balance holes; the first insulating ceramic (2) adopts a split structure, and has specific structural features as follows: it comprises a plurality of cylindrical structures (202) interlocked with each other, each cylindrical structure (202) having the same outer diameter, a protrusion is provided on the cylindrical structure (202) located at the head, and an external thread structure (201) is provided on the protrusion.

2. The heat storage type electric heating high temperature electrode lead-out device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The structure of the electrode lead section (1) is as follows: it comprises a connector (101), a first section (102) extending outwardly from one end surface of the connector (101), a second section (103) extending from the tail of the first section (102), the outer diameter of the second section (103) being smaller than the outer diameter of the first section (102), and a cavity (104) being formed inside both the first section (102) and the second section (103).

3. The heat storage type electric heating high temperature electrode lead-out device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral channel type water cooling jacket (3) has the following structure: it comprises a cylindrical section (301), a spiral section (302) extending from the tail of the cylindrical section (301), a flange (6) extending from the tail of the spiral section (302), a cross section of the second insulating ceramic (7) presenting a "convex"-shaped structure, and the second insulating ceramic (7) abutting against the flange (6).

4. The heat storage type electric heating high temperature electrode lead-out device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the first insulating ceramic (2) is greater than the length of the second insulating ceramic (7).

5. The heat storage type electric heating high temperature electrode lead-out device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tail of the electrode lead-out section (1) is welded to the electrode connection section (11).

6. The heat storage type electric heating high temperature electrode lead-out device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrode connection segment (11) is made of red copper with low resistivity.

7. The heat storage type electric heating high temperature electrode lead-out device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The head of the electrode connection segment (11) is spirally connected in the electrode lead-out segment (1).

8. The heat storage type electric heating high temperature electrode lead-out device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tail of the electrode connection segment (11) is provided with a step, and a plurality of screw holes (12) are formed on the step surface.

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