A chute and loading method for a loading station of a mixed train

Abstract

The present invention relates to a chute and a loading method for a mixed train loading station, including: a fixed frame, the chute fixed frame is sequentially connected to a fixed arc bin and a telescopic swing distribution pipe. A cloth equalizer is provided in the fixed arc bin. The swing angle regulator is electrically connected to the action controller of the intelligent control device. The intelligent control device is provided with a central processing unit, and the central processing unit is electrically connected to a loading database, a carriage identifier, a speed sensor, an action controller, and a loading feedback device. The present invention increases the vertical displacement of the chute automatic telescopic section by monitoring the model of the train carriage and constructing an ideal loading model to meet the loading requirements of carriages with different lengths and heights. By adding a cloth equalizer in the fixed arc bin, the loading flow is further controlled to improve the loading uniformity; the combination of the chute and the intelligent control enables the loading program to be corrected in real time according to the loading model, achieving the purpose of fully automated loading.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a chute for a loading station of a mixed train and a loading method, which is an automated mechanical transportation equipment and method, a component of an automated mechanized loading station, and an automated loading process. Background Art

[0002] The loading accuracy of small-particle clean coal, ore powder and other bulk goods transported by railways is taken as an example of C80 open wagon, with a rated load of 80 tons, an actual loading deviation of no more than 100 kilograms, and a loading time of less than 60 seconds. The bulk materials inside the wagon are stacked in a trapezoidal shape, evenly distributed in front and back, and flat on the top. During the loading process, the lower mouth of the chute is required to penetrate 10 to 20 cm into the wagon to meet the loading requirements as mentioned above. The train wagons loaded at the existing loading station are uniform in model, and the lifting and lowering actions of the chute during the loading process are the same for each wagon. When loading a train, the operator only needs to set the lifting and lowering angle and telescopic length of the chute of a wagon in advance, and no longer adjust the lifting and telescopic length of the chute during the loading process of the entire train, and the action requirements of one wagon are adopted. However, there are many types of railway wagons, and the length and height of the wagons of these models are different, such as: the height of the C70 open wagon is 3.1 meters, while the height of the C80 open wagon reaches 3.75 meters. Due to the diversity of railway freight, it is normal to mix carriages of different models in the process of train marshaling. For such mixed trains, the staff at the loading station must identify the model of the carriage before the carriage enters the loading station, and then determine the chute lowering angle and telescopic length according to the model of the carriage. During the loading process, the operator must be very focused, and any mistake may cause the chute to collide with the carriage, which brings great difficulties to the loading work. Before the loading process, the operator must be familiar with the dimensions of various types of carriages and remember the chute lowering angle and extension length for these carriages. Once the loader does not know the model of the coming carriage, or forgets the dimensions of the known model carriage, or forgets the chute lowering and extension length for this type of carriage, the train must be slowed down or even stopped to check the carriage model and its loading requirements, which slows down the loading speed and cannot give full play to the fast loading advantage of the automatic loading station. Another problem with this practice of frequently changing the chute lowering and extension length is the problem of overloading. Since the lifting and lowering of the chute and the telescopic length will affect the flow rate of the material, any change in the movement of the chute will affect the stacking shape and amount of the current material entering the carriage. For example, if the chute is lowered a few centimeters more at the beginning of the discharge, the material will enter the carriage faster. If the car is loaded at the current speed, there may be a gap at the rear of the carriage, that is, the material is loaded at the front of the carriage. Or conversely, if the chute is lowered a few centimeters less at the beginning of the discharge, the speed of the material flowing into the carriage is a bit slow, resulting in the scheduled loading of the material not being able to fit into the carriage. This is a common overloading problem. When encountering the above situation, the existing loading station usually has the operator fine-tune the lowering angle or telescopic amount of the chute during the loading process based on experience to avoid overloading problems.However, the existing chute itself is large in size and carries a large amount of materials. Adjusting the lowering angle and telescopic amount of the chute for overall displacement adjustment of the chute has a large inertia during the adjustment process, making the adjustment slow and with poor accuracy. Only relatively experienced operators can meet the requirement of a few centimeters of change. When the existing loading station loads trains in a uniform manner, there will also be problems of partial load, but the problems are not very serious. How to make the chute adapt to the changes in height and length of different types of carriages during the mixed formation process during the loading process and prevent partial load is a problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the problems of the prior art, the present invention proposes a chute and a loading method for a loading station of a mixed formation train. The chute and the method detect the type of the carriage before the carriage enters the loading position of the loading station, extract the pre-formulated loading plan for this type of carriage according to the carriage type, lower and extend the chute according to the loading plan, and at the same time, prevent partial load by monitoring the loading process in real time through multiple sensors during the loading process, forming a full-automatic chute control process.

[0004] The object of the present invention is achieved as follows: A chute for a loading station of a mixed formation train, comprising: a chute fixing frame fixedly connected to the steel structure frame of the loading station, the chute fixing frame is successively connected to a fixed arc bin and a swingable and telescopic distributing pipe. The upper port of the swingable distributing pipe is hinged and sleeved outside the fixed arc bin. The lower end of the distributing pipe is a telescopic section, and an arc-shaped discharging gate is provided at the lower port of the telescopic section. The swingable distributing pipe is connected to a swing angle adjuster arranged on the chute fixing frame through a traction steel cable. A distributing equalizer is arranged in the fixed arc bin. The swing angle adjuster is electrically connected to the action controller of the intelligent control device. The intelligent control device is provided with a central processing unit. The central processing unit is electrically connected to a loading database, a carriage identifier, a speed sensor, an action controller, and a loading feedback device. The vehicle identifier is arranged in front of the loading station facing the incoming vehicle direction. The speed sensor is arranged above the incoming railway track. The action controller is electrically connected to a telescopic oil cylinder and an arc-shaped discharging gate.

[0005] Further, the swing angle adjuster controls the swing of the swingable distributing pipe at an angle between 15° and 75° with respect to the horizontal plane.

[0006] Further, the upper end of the swingable distributing pipe is a circular arc-shaped movable enclosure plate matching the outer contour of the fixed arc bin. The telescopic section includes an inner sleeve connected to the circular arc-shaped movable enclosure plate and an outer sleeve driven by a telescopic oil cylinder. The length of the telescopic outer sleeve is greater than 1 m.

[0007] Further, a plurality of rolling guides with rolling elements being needle rollers are uniformly arranged between the inner sleeve and the four walls of the outer sleeve of the telescopic section.

[0008] Furthermore, the width of the swinging material distribution pipe is 0.8 to 1 m less than the width of the carriage.

[0009] Furthermore, the material distributor is either a fixed material distributor or a rotating material distributor.

[0010] Furthermore, the fixed material distributor is multiple flow dividing plates vertically arranged inside a fixed circular arc pod.

[0011] Furthermore, the rotating material distributor includes a swing angle oil cylinder that drives a rotating shaft to rotate through a crank, a rotating baffle is arranged on the rotating shaft along the axis, the rotating shaft is arranged at the central position of the fixed circular arc pod, and the swing angle oil cylinder is electrically connected to an action controller.

[0012] Furthermore, the swing adjustment angle of the rotating baffle with respect to the vertical plane passing through the rotation axis is ±20°.

[0013] A loading method for a loading station of a mixed train using the above loading chute, the method comprising the following steps:

[0014] Step 1, collecting carriage model information: When the vehicle to be loaded enters the image acquisition area of the vehicle identifier, the vehicle identifier transmits the acquisition signal to the central processor, and the central processor determines and stores the carriage model.

[0015] Step 2, collecting vehicle driving speed information: When the vehicle to be loaded passes through the speed sensor, the speed sensor measures the vehicle driving speed and transmits it to the central processor, and the central controller saves the vehicle driving speed and position information.

[0016] It is characterized in that:

[0017] Step 3, analyzing and comparing to determine the loading plan: The central processor comprehensively compares the received information and selects a matching loading plan from the loading database.

[0018] Step 4, intelligent loading: The central processor transmits the loading program control signal to the action controller according to the selected loading plan. The action controller controls the action of the swing angle regulator and the telescopic section oil cylinder according to the swing angle of the swinging material distribution pipe and the extended length of the material distribution pipe determined by the carriage model, and at the same time controls the action of the arc-shaped discharge gate according to the specific gravity of the material to implement loading.

[0019] Step 5, loading information feedback: The loading feedback device monitors the material pile entering the carriage, and the central processor calculates the difference value between the current material pile and the material pile in the loading plan according to the real-time data.

[0020] Step 6, Judgment: Determine the pre - defined threshold range where the difference value is located. The thresholds include Threshold 1, Threshold 2, and Threshold 3, where: Threshold 1 > Threshold 2 > Threshold 3;

[0021] Step 7, Adjust the chute: Adjust according to the threshold range where the difference value is located:

[0022] 1) If the difference value is greater than Threshold 1, then adjust the swing angle of the swing cloth pipe of the chute;

[0023] 2) If the difference value is less than Threshold 1 and greater than Threshold 2, then adjust the telescopic section length of the swing cloth pipe;

[0024] 3) If the difference value is less than Threshold 2 and greater than Threshold 3, then adjust the rotation angle of the rotary cloth equalizer;

[0025] 4) If the difference value is less than Threshold 3, no adjustment is made.

[0026] The advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention uses the method of monitoring the model of the train carriage and constructing an ideal loading model to increase the vertical displacement of the telescopic section of the chute, so as to meet the loading requirements of carriages with different lengths and heights. By adding a cloth equalizer in the fixed arc pod, the loading flow is further controlled to improve the loading uniformity; the combination of the chute and intelligent control enables the loading program to be corrected in real - time according to the loading model, achieving the purpose of fully automated loading. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0028] Figure 1 is the schematic structural principle diagram of the chute of the loading station in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 is the principle block diagram of the intelligent control device of the loading station in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 is the enlarged schematic structural principle diagram of the chute of the loading station described in Embodiments 1, 2, and 3 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 is the schematic structural diagram of the chute of the loading station with rolling guide rails and fixed cloth equalizer described in Embodiments 4 and 7 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 is the schematic structural diagram of the chute of the loading station with rolling guide rails and rotary cloth equalizer described in Embodiments 4, 8, and 9 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0033] Embodiment 1:

[0034] This embodiment is a chute for a mixed - formation train at a loading station, as Figure 1 shown in 2 , Figure 3. This embodiment is applied to the fully - automatic rapid loading of high - density bulk materials, realizes the loading of mixed - formation carriages 8 at different heights, and effectively avoids the problem of uneven loading. The chute described in this embodiment includes: a chute fixing frame 1, a fixed arc pod 2, a swinging distribution pipe 3, a swing angle adjuster 6, and an intelligent control device 5. The chute fixing frame is fixedly connected to the steel structure frame 7 of the loading station. The loading station described in this embodiment is an automated loading device dedicated to loading bulk goods into train carriages. The loading station has various forms. The main structure of a conventional loading station is mainly based on a steel structure frame, and a belt head, a buffer bin, a quantitative bin, and a chute are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. Below the chute is the working position for loading goods into the train carriage. The chute fixing frame is a cross - beam straddling the steel structure frame of the loading station to fix the chute.

[0035] To achieve intelligent control, this embodiment is also provided with an intelligent control device 5. The intelligent control device is provided with a loading database, has the function of self - learning and enriching experience, records all past loading operations and stores them as cases, and continuously corrects the existing loading model through these cases and applies it to subsequent loading processes. The intelligent control device is shown in Figure 1 and 2 , and includes: a carriage identifier 501, a speed sensor 502, a central processor, an action controller, and a loading feedback device 503. Figure 1 The dotted lines in Figure represent electrical connections, and the position of the central processor is only a schematic representation of the position of the electrical connection.

[0036] The type number of the carriage is usually sprayed on both sides of the carriage. The vehicle identifier can be identified through a binocular video sensor, a 3D camera, or other image recognition sensors. The vehicle identifier is set at the position in front of the loading station facing the side of the carriage. The speed sensor is a lidar or sonar sensor and is set above the inbound railway track. The central processor is connected to the vehicle identifier, the speed sensor, the action controller, and the loading feedback device. The action controller is a programmable controller, and the action controller is connected to the swing angle adjuster, the automatic telescopic section, and the arc discharge gate.

[0037] The loading feedback device can be a binocular video sensor, a 3D camera, a lidar, or sonar. Its main function is to identify the current stacking situation of the material pile, quickly detect the shape and size of the current material pile, and calculate the volume of the current material pile.

[0038] The function of the fixed arc bin is to connect the telescopic section and ensure the smooth entry of materials into the telescopic section when the feeding angle of the telescopic section changes. The fixed arc bin can be a circular arc bin chamber used to form a turning channel, which can be a circular arc bin chamber with a small opening at the upper end and a large opening at the lower end, or a large opening at the upper end and a small opening at the lower end. The small opening is fixed, and the large opening is adapted to the rotating distribution pipe. That is to say, the arc bin is composed of two parts, one part is fixed and the other part rotates with the distribution pipe. The adopted solution is that the upper opening of the fixed arc bin is fixed on the chute fixing frame and aligned with the discharge port of the metering bin. The bottom of the fixed arc bin is provided with a discharge port 202 to connect with the swing distribution pipe and output materials.

[0039] The circular arc movable enclosure plate at the upper port of the swing distribution pipe is a structure where an arc section transitions to a rectangular chute section. The arc section is hinged and sleeved outside the fixed arc bin. The circular arc movable enclosure plate is fixedly connected to the inner sleeve of the telescopic section. The lower port of the swing distribution pipe is provided with an arc-shaped discharge gate 4, and the swing distribution pipe is provided with an inner and outer sleeve type telescopic section. The arc-shaped discharge gate is composed of a discharge gate oil cylinder 401, a swing rod 402, and an arc-shaped gate 403, as Figure 3 shown. The arc-shaped discharge gate is configured with a servo oil cylinder, mainly to achieve uniform distribution of materials with different specific gravities in different types of carriages, reduce the impact of materials on the carriage, and ensure that the carriage is not unevenly loaded.

[0040] The telescopic section can adopt the form of an inner and outer sleeve. The inner sleeve and the outer sleeve rub against each other to produce a telescopic effect, or other forms of telescopic sections can also be used. The misalignment between the inner and outer sleeves can be solved by using sliding guide rails to address the movement friction between the inner and outer sleeves, or by using rolling guide rails, that is, multiple rolling guide rails are arranged between the inner and outer sleeves. Each rolling guide rail is evenly arranged around the four walls of the inner sleeve. The rolling elements of the rolling guide rails can be selected from needle rollers, balls, or cylindrical rolling elements.

[0041] The rubbing between the inner and outer sleeves of the telescopic section can adopt a driving oil cylinder. The driving oil cylinder pushes the outer sleeve of the telescopic section to slide up and down outside the inner sleeve.

[0042] The arc-shaped discharge gate is arranged at the lower port of the outer sleeve of the telescopic section. The width of the outer sleeve of the swing distribution pipe is 0.8 to 1 m less than the width of the carriage.

[0043] The swing distribution pipe is pulled by a traction steel wire rope 601. The traction steel wire rope is driven by a winch 602 to perform lowering and lifting actions, as Figure 3 shown. When the swing distribution pipe is lowered, the rotating direction is opposite to the movement direction of the carriage, and when it is lifted, the selected direction is the same as the movement direction of the carriage. The swing angle of the swing distribution pipe is determined by the length of the traction steel wire rope wound by the winch.

[0044] Example Two:

[0045] This embodiment is an improvement of the above embodiment and a refinement of the above embodiment regarding the swinging distribution pipe. The swing angle regulator in this embodiment controls the swing angle between the swinging distribution pipe and the horizontal plane. α It swings within 15° to 75°, as Figure 3 shown.

[0046] A connecting seat 305 is provided on the swinging distribution pipe. This connecting seat connects the traction steel wire rope 601 of the swing angle regulator, and the swing angle regulator is arranged on the chute fixing frame. The swing angle regulator controls the inclination angle between the swinging distribution pipe and the horizontal plane to swing between 15° and 75°. Figure 3 The arrow B in

[0047] Embodiment Three:

[0048] This embodiment is an improvement of the above embodiment and a refinement of the above embodiment regarding the swinging distribution pipe. The upper end of the swinging distribution pipe in this embodiment is a circular arc-shaped movable enclosure plate 304 that matches the outer contour of the fixed circular arc bin. The telescopic section includes an inner sleeve 301 connected to the circular arc-shaped movable enclosure plate and an outer sleeve 303 driven by a telescopic oil cylinder 302. The length of the outer sleeve's telescopic movement is greater than 1 m, as Figure 3 shown.

[0049] This embodiment is a telescopic section composed of a combination of an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve. It uses an oil cylinder to drive the outer sleeve to telescopically move along the long direction of the inner sleeve. A sliding guide rail or a rolling guide rail can be used between the inner and outer sleeves to reduce the friction between them.

[0050] Embodiment Four:

[0051] This embodiment is an improvement of the above embodiment and a refinement of the above embodiment regarding the telescopic section of the swinging distribution pipe. Multiple rolling guide rails 306 with needle rollers as the rolling elements are evenly arranged between the inner wall and the outer wall of the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve of the telescopic section, as Figure 4 shown.

[0052] The slideway between the inner and outer sleeves of this embodiment is different from the guide rail of a conventional chute. It uses a rolling guide rail with high-precision and impact-resistant needle rollers as the rolling elements to achieve stable telescopic movement of the inner and outer sections of the chute under the control of a telescopic oil cylinder, without deformation and deviation.

[0053] Embodiment Five:

[0054] This embodiment is an improvement of the above embodiment and a refinement of the above embodiment regarding the telescopic section of the swinging distribution pipe. The width of the swinging distribution pipe in this embodiment is 0.8 to 1 m less than the width of the carriage.

[0055] The width of the swinging material distribution pipe refers to the cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the material flow direction being rectangular, and the length of the side of this rectangle perpendicular to the movement direction of the carriage is the width of the swinging material distribution pipe. To accelerate the unloading speed, the width of the swinging material distribution pipe should be as large as possible. However, when loading the vehicle, the swinging material distribution pipe needs to extend into the carriage. Therefore, its width is restricted by the width of the carriage. In this embodiment, the width of the swinging material distribution pipe is limited to be less than the width of the carriage by 0.8 to 1 m, so that even if the chute shakes a little, it will not collide with the carriage.

[0056] Embodiment Six:

[0057] This embodiment is an improvement of the above embodiment and a refinement of the above embodiment regarding the material distribution equalizer. The material distribution equalizer in this embodiment is either a fixed material distribution equalizer or a rotating material distribution equalizer.

[0058] The function of the material distribution equalizer is to guide the flow of materials in the fixed circular arc bin and, if necessary, adjust the flow rate and flow direction of the materials. The said material distribution equalizer can have various forms, such as a fixed deflector plate or a movable deflector plate.

[0059] Embodiment Seven:

[0060] This embodiment is an improvement of the above embodiment and a refinement of the above embodiment regarding the material distribution equalizer. The fixed material distribution equalizer in this embodiment is multiple shunt plates 201 vertically arranged inside the fixed circular arc bin, as Figure 4 shown.

[0061] The shunt plates divide the loading materials flowing down from the weighing bin into multiple downward channels for transportation, making the chute smoother and avoiding pipe blockage.

[0062] Embodiment Eight:

[0063] This embodiment is an improvement of the above embodiment and a refinement of the above embodiment regarding the material distribution equalizer. The rotating material distribution equalizer in this embodiment includes a swing angle oil cylinder 202 that drives a rotating shaft 204 to rotate through a crank 203. A rotating baffle 205 is arranged on the rotating shaft along the axis. The rotating shaft is arranged at the center position of the fixed circular arc bin, as Figure 5 shown, and the swing angle oil cylinder is electrically connected to an action controller, as Figure 2 shown.

[0064] The rotary cloth equalizer is arranged inside the fixed circular arc pod. The rotary cloth equalizer includes a rotating shaft and a rotating baffle. The rotating shaft is arranged at the center position of the axis of the fixed circular arc pod. Both ends of the rotating shaft extend outside the fixed circular arc pod. The rotating baffle is arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft. One end of the swing angle oil cylinder is fixed on the outer wall of the fixed circular arc pod, and drives the rotating shaft to rotate through a crank, thereby driving the rotating baffle to rotate. When the rotating baffle is in the vertical position, the rotating baffle is equivalent to a diversion plate in the fixed cloth equalizer. The swing angle oil cylinder drives the rotating baffle to make a swing rotation at a certain angle. At this time, the rotating baffle plays a role in adjusting the discharge flow rate. The action of the swing angle oil cylinder is controlled by an action controller.

[0065] Embodiment Nine:

[0066] This embodiment is an improvement of the above embodiment and is a refinement of the rotation angle of the rotating baffle in the above embodiment. The swing adjustment angle of the rotating baffle described in this embodiment with respect to the vertical plane passing through the rotation axis β is ±20°, as Figure 5 shown.

[0067] Figure 5 A straight line passing through the center of the rotation axis in β represents the vertical plane passing through the rotation axis, and the swing adjustment angle is schematically marked.

[0068] Embodiment Ten:

[0069] This embodiment is a loading method for a loading station of a mixed train using the above loading chute. The method includes the following steps:

[0070] Step 1, collect car body model information: When the vehicle to be loaded drives into the image acquisition area of the vehicle identifier, the vehicle identifier transmits the acquisition signal to the central processor, and the central processor discriminates the car body model and stores it.

[0071] After the integrated installation at the loading station, data such as the dimensions and load capacities of various types of car bodies have been collected, and a model for loading bulk goods has been established. The loading model is the shape of the cargo accumulation formed when the car body is filled with goods and is the basis for formulating the loading plan. Based on this model, all parameters related to loading, such as the running speed of the train, the time to lower the chute, and the flow rate of the material in the chute, are pre-formulated for use during loading.

[0072] Step 2, collect vehicle driving speed information: When the vehicle to be loaded passes through the speed sensor, the speed sensor measures the vehicle driving speed and transmits it to the central processor, and the central controller saves the vehicle driving speed and position information.

[0073] Although the running speed of the train during loading has been specified in the loading plan, in practice, the train speed can only be controlled within a certain range and it is impossible to accurately determine a specific speed. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the real-time speed of the loading train when it enters the station. Thus, a speed sensor is required to measure the train speed in real time when it enters the station, so as to accurately adjust the loading parameters during loading.

[0074] Step 3, analyze and compare to determine the loading plan: The central processing unit comprehensively compares the received information and selects a matching loading plan from the loading database.

[0075] Although the various parameters in the loading database have basically been determined after the model is established, in actual operation, various problems will be encountered. For example, the dryness and wetness, particle size, fluidity, etc. of the material will all affect the loading quality. Therefore, when selecting a loading plan, it is not just one loading plan. It is necessary to select from multiple plans and choose the best plan, which requires an intelligent processing method. The so-called intelligent processing method is to intelligently analyze various loading factors and conduct operations such as weight balancing on the elements therein, in order to achieve an accurate analysis effect.

[0076] Step 4, intelligent loading: The central processing unit transmits the loading program control signal to the motion controller according to the selected loading plan. The motion controller controls the actions of the swing angle regulator and the telescopic section oil cylinder according to the swing angle of the swing distribution pipe and the extended length of the distribution pipe determined by the carriage model, and at the same time controls the action of the arc-shaped discharge gate according to the specific gravity of the material to implement loading.

[0077] Before the carriage arrives, the swing distribution pipe must be raised in advance to avoid collision with the front side plate of the carriage. It is immediately lowered when the front side plate of the train passes. At the same time, the outer sleeve of the telescopic section extends, so that the outlet of the swing distribution pipe is close to the floor of the carriage, minimizing the impact of the material on the carriage floor. The function of the arc-shaped discharge gate is to control the opening amount according to the specific gravity of the material, also to avoid the impact of the material on the carriage floor. For example, when the specific gravity of the material is large, the opening of the arc-shaped discharge gate is slowed down. When there is some accumulation of material in the carriage, the gate is opened wider. With the material already accumulated in the carriage as a cushion, the subsequent material will not impact the bottom of the carriage too much. This method is very effective for bulk materials such as ores, while for bulk materials with a relatively small specific gravity such as coal, the arc-shaped discharge gate can be directly opened fully for rapid discharging.

[0078] Step 5, feedback of loading information: The loading feedback device monitors the material pile entering the carriage, and the central processing unit calculates the difference value between the current material pile and the material pile in the loading plan according to the real-time data.

[0079] The loading feedback device detects the materials being piled up, calculates the volume change of the material pair in real time, and sends it to the central processing unit. The central processing unit analyzes the stacking situation of the material pile in real time, calculates the stacking change of the unloaded materials caused by it, and at the same time compares it with the material pile in the loading model to determine whether the shape of the material pile required by the model can be achieved, that is, the correct loading shape can be achieved. In actual operation, the comparison between the current material pile and the model is carried out by means of the magnitude of the difference value in order to set a threshold for judgment.

[0080] Step 6, Judgment: Judge the range of the threshold value pre-set for the difference value. The threshold values include threshold value 1, threshold value 2, and threshold value 3, where: threshold value 1 > threshold value 2 > threshold value 3.

[0081] During the loading process, the swing angle and the extended length of the chute will directly affect the stacking of materials in the carriage and the speed of material flow. In the pre-set loading plan, there are clear regulations on the swing angle and the extended length of the chute during loading. However, in actual loading, the humidity of the materials, the speed of the train, the overall operation of the loading station, and even the climate environment may affect the stacking state of the materials in the carriage. Therefore, real-time monitoring is very necessary. At the same time, it is also very important how to use these data to adjust the state of the chute after obtaining the monitoring data. This step proposes a solution on how to adjust according to the parameters obtained from the monitoring. This step first sets a group of threshold values, and there are various methods for setting the threshold values, such as directly comparing the size of the material pile, or calculating the deviation or root mean square error by statistical methods, etc.

[0082] Step 7, Adjust the chute: Adjust according to the range of the threshold value where the difference value is located:

[0083] 1) If the difference value is greater than threshold value 1, then adjust the swing angle of the swing distribution pipe of the chute.

[0084] When the difference is greater than threshold value 1, that is, the largest threshold value, it means that the generated difference is too large and the angle of the swing distribution pipe needs to be adjusted to achieve the expected adjustment effect. After adjusting the swing distribution pipe, telescopic adjustment or adjustment of the distribution equalizer may be required to meet the requirements.

[0085] 2) If the difference value is less than threshold value 1 and greater than threshold value 2, then adjust the length of the telescopic section of the swing distribution pipe.

[0086] Within this threshold range, large adjustments are not required, and only the length of the telescopic section needs to be slightly adjusted to meet the requirements.

[0087] 3) If the difference value is less than threshold value 2 and greater than threshold value 3, then adjust the rotation angle of the rotary distribution equalizer.

[0088] This is an adjustment that is even smaller than the previous case. In the traditional chute of the loading station, there is no cloth distributing equalizer. To adjust the material flow, only the swing angle and telescoping of the cloth pipe can be adopted. Since the cloth pipe is relatively heavy and has a large inertia of swing, it is basically impossible to achieve small-angle adjustments. Only the telescoping of the cloth pipe can be relied on for adjustment, but the cloth pipe also has the problem of a large adjustment inertia, and small adjustments are also very difficult. Therefore, in this embodiment, a rotary cloth distributing equalizer is provided. By adjusting a rotating baffle that can affect the material flow, the stacking amount and stacking shape of the material entering the carriage can be adjusted. The weight of the rotating baffle is much smaller than that of the cloth pipe and is also much smaller than the telescopic section of the cloth pipe. The inertia during adjustment is very small, and tiny adjustments can be achieved.

[0089] 4) If the difference value is less than the threshold value 3, no adjustment is made. In this case, it indicates that the current loading state meets the requirements of the loading model.

[0090] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred arrangement, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention (such as the form of the loading station, the form of the chute and its various technical features, the sequence of steps, etc.) can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A loading method for a chute at a loading station of a mixed train, the chute comprising: a chute fixing frame fixedly connected to the steel structure frame of the loading station, the chute fixing frame being sequentially connected to a fixed arc bin and a swingable and telescopic distributing pipe. The upper port of the distributing pipe is hinged and sleeved outside the fixed arc bin. The lower end of the distributing pipe is a telescopic section, and an arc-shaped discharging gate is provided at the lower port of the telescopic section. The swingable distributing pipe is connected to a swing angle adjuster provided on the chute fixing frame through a traction cable. A distributing equalizer is provided in the fixed arc bin. The swing angle adjuster is electrically connected to an action controller of the intelligent control device. The intelligent control device is provided with a central processing unit, and the central processing unit is electrically connected to a loading database, a carriage identifier, a speed sensor, an action controller, and a loading feedback device. The carriage identifier is arranged in front of the loading station facing the incoming vehicle direction, the speed sensor is arranged above the incoming railway track, the action controller is electrically connected to a telescopic oil cylinder and an arc-shaped discharging gate. The swing angle adjuster controls the angle of the swingable distributing pipe to swing between 15° and 75° with respect to the horizontal plane. The upper end of the swingable distributing pipe is a circular arc-shaped movable enclosing plate that fits the outer contour of the fixed arc bin. The telescopic section includes an inner sleeve connected to the circular arc-shaped movable enclosing plate and an outer sleeve driven by a telescopic oil cylinder. The length of the outer sleeve's telescoping is greater than 1 m. Multiple rolling guides with needle rollers as rolling elements are evenly arranged between the inner sleeve and the four walls of the outer sleeve of the telescopic section. The width of the swingable distributing pipe is 0.8 to 1 m less than the width of the carriage; The width of the swingable distributing pipe refers to the length of the side of a rectangle perpendicular to the direction of vehicle movement in a cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the material flow direction, which is the width of the swingable distributing pipe. To accelerate the unloading speed, the width of the swingable distributing pipe should be as large as possible, but when loading the carriage, the swingable distributing pipe needs to extend into the carriage, and its width is limited by the width of the carriage. Limiting the width of the swingable distributing pipe to be 0.8 to 1 m less than the width of the carriage ensures that even if the chute shakes slightly, it will not collide with the carriage. The distributing equalizer is either a fixed distributing equalizer or a rotating distributing equalizer. The fixed distributing equalizer is multiple diversion plates vertically arranged inside the fixed arc bin. The rotating distributing equalizer includes a swing angle oil cylinder that drives a rotating shaft to rotate through a crank. The rotating shaft is provided with a rotating baffle along its axis. The rotating shaft is arranged at the center position of the fixed arc bin. The swing angle oil cylinder is electrically connected to the action controller. The swing adjustment angle of the rotating baffle with respect to the vertical plane passing through the rotating shaft is ±20°; The method includes the following steps: Step 1, collecting carriage model information: When the vehicle to be loaded enters the image acquisition area of the carriage identifier, the carriage identifier transmits the acquisition signal to the central processing unit, and the central processing unit discriminates and stores the carriage model; Step 2, collecting vehicle driving speed information: When the vehicle to be loaded passes through the speed sensor, the speed sensor measures the vehicle driving speed and transmits it to the central processing unit, and the central controller saves the vehicle driving speed and position information; It is characterized in that: Step 3, analyze and compare to determine the loading plan: The central processing unit comprehensively compares the received information and selects a matching loading plan from the loading database; Step 4, intelligent loading: The central processing unit transmits the loading program control signal to the motion controller according to the selected loading plan. The motion controller controls the swing angle regulator and the telescopic section oil cylinder according to the swing angle of the swing distribution pipe and the extension length of the distribution pipe determined by the carriage model, and at the same time controls the arc discharge gate according to the specific gravity of the material to implement loading; Step 5, loading information feedback: The loading feedback device monitors the material pile entering the carriage. The central processing unit calculates the difference value between the current material pile and the material pile in the loading plan according to the real-time data. The difference value is the difference value between the shape volume of the material pile obtained by real-time analysis and the shape volume of the material pile required by the model; Step 6, judgment: Judge the range of the threshold value where the difference value is located. The threshold values include threshold value 1, threshold value 2, and threshold value 3, where: threshold value 1 > threshold value 2 > threshold value 3; Step 7, adjust the chute: Adjust according to the threshold range where the difference value is located: 1) If the difference value is greater than threshold value 1, then adjust the swing angle of the swing distribution pipe of the chute; 2) If the difference value is less than threshold value 1 and greater than threshold value 2, then adjust the telescopic section length of the swing distribution pipe; 3) If the difference value is less than threshold value 2 and greater than threshold value 3, then adjust the rotation angle of the rotary distribution equalizer; 4) If the difference value is less than threshold value 3, no adjustment is made.

Images