A central conductor structure for a circulator, a circulator and a design method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a central conductor structure for a circulator, a circulator and a design method thereof, and belongs to the field of mobile communication technology. The central conductor structure includes: a large Y-shaped distributed inductance structure, including three short inductive transmission lines evenly distributed in a Y-shaped structure, the two ends of which are a first inductive connection end and a second inductive connection end, and an inductive line segment is provided between the two ends, the first inductive connection end extends outward, and the second inductive connection end extends toward the middle and is connected as a whole; a small Y-shaped distributed capacitance structure, including three short capacitive transmission lines evenly distributed in a Y-shaped structure, and the three short capacitive transmission lines are alternately arranged at intervals, the two ends are a first capacitive connection end and a second capacitive connection end, and a capacitive line segment with a bent structure is provided between the two ends, and the second capacitive connection end extends toward the middle and is connected as a whole; the second inductive connection end is connected to the second capacitive connection end as a whole. The central conductor structure of the present invention can further miniaturize the circulator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of mobile communication technology, and in particular to a central conductor structure for a circulator, a circulator and a design method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the development of miniaturization, lightweight and integration of modern military electronic equipment and 5G communication systems, the development of miniaturized broadband microwave components that are easy to integrate has become the development direction of microwave components. Under this trend, various miniaturized microwave components have been launched and put into mass production, which has played a positive role in promoting the miniaturization of the entire system.

[0003] Wideband circulators with dual working functions have become an indispensable unit in T / R components, providing channel isolation in the whole machine, used to make miniaturized interference components and improve the output characteristics of the transmitter, and play a protective role for the transmitter. As far as the current development direction is concerned, the device size and structure must continue to be miniaturized, planarized, and thin-filmed; in terms of performance, in addition to requiring wide bandwidth, small insertion loss, high isolation, and a certain power capacity, it is also required to have high phase and amplitude consistency, a wide operating temperature range, and good magnetic shielding. In addition, it must meet commercial requirements such as low cost and strong mass production capabilities.

[0004] At present, microstrip and stripline devices are still the most commonly used in T / R components. For example, microstrip circulators have the advantages of flatness, miniaturization, and integration, but stripline circulators cannot meet the requirements of miniaturization, and it is difficult to meet the requirements of wide bandwidth, small insertion loss, high isolation, and large power capacity, and it cannot meet the requirements of low cost and large-scale production capacity; in addition, the center conductor is the core component of the circulator, and the center conductor can be further miniaturized, which is conducive to the miniaturization of the circulator, while the existing center conductor structure is Figure 1 The central conductor 1 shown in the figure is not conducive to the miniaturization of the circulator due to structural limitations. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a central conductor that can further miniaturize the central conductor structure and the circulator having the central conductor while ensuring the index performance of the circulator. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome at least one of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art and provide a central conductor structure for a circulator that can further miniaturize the central conductor structure and the circulator having the same while ensuring the index performance of the circulator. In addition, a circulator and a design method of the circulator are also provided.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problem is as follows: A central conductor structure for a circulator, comprising:

[0007] A large Y-shaped distributed inductance structure, comprising three short inductive transmission lines, the three short inductive transmission lines being evenly distributed in a Y-shaped structure, the two ends of the short inductive transmission lines being respectively a first inductive connection end and a second inductive connection end, an inductive line segment being connected between the first inductive connection end and the second inductive connection end, the first inductive connection ends of the three short inductive transmission lines respectively extending to the outside of the large Y-shaped distributed inductance structure, and the second inductive connection ends of the three short inductive transmission lines respectively extending to the middle of the large Y-shaped distributed inductance structure and being connected as one;

[0008] A small Y-shaped distributed capacitance structure, comprising three short capacitive transmission lines, the three short capacitive transmission lines are evenly distributed in a Y-shaped structure, the three short inductive transmission lines and the three short capacitive transmission lines are alternately arranged at intervals, the two ends of the short capacitive transmission line are respectively a first capacitive connection end and a second capacitive connection end, a capacitive line segment in a bent structure is connected between the first capacitive connection end and the second capacitive connection end, the capacitive line segment is bent between two adjacent short inductive transmission lines, and the first capacitive connection ends of the three short capacitive transmission lines are respectively extended to the outside of the small Y-shaped distributed capacitance structure, and the second capacitive connection ends of the three short capacitive transmission lines are respectively extended to the middle of the small Y-shaped distributed capacitance structure and connected as a whole;

[0009] The second inductive connection ends of the three short inductive transmission lines and the second capacitive connection ends of the three short capacitive transmission lines are connected as one.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the three inductive short transmission lines and the three capacitive short transmission lines on the central conductor structure of the circulator in the present invention are arranged alternately at intervals, a capacitive line segment with a bent structure is connected between the first capacitive connection end and the second capacitive connection end, and the capacitive line segment is bent between two adjacent inductive short transmission lines, so that the length of the capacitive short transmission line can be increased in the central conductor structure with the same size, thereby improving the index performance of the circulator with the above central conductor structure, and is conducive to reducing the energy consumption of the circulator, reducing the heat generation of the circulator, increasing the use temperature range of the circulator, and also increasing the working frequency of the circulator. range, improving the applicability of the circulator; similarly, the above-mentioned central conductor structure is installed in the circulator. Under the premise of achieving the same index performance, since the capacitive line segment is bent between the two adjacent inductive short transmission lines to increase the length of the capacitive short transmission line, it is beneficial to make the length of the capacitive short transmission line meet the length requirement of not shorter than 1 / 8 wavelength, avoiding the length of the capacitive short transmission line being shorter than 1 / 8 wavelength, which makes the circulator have large loss and poor index performance; in addition, it is also beneficial to further miniaturize the central conductor structure and the circulator having the same while ensuring the index performance of the circulator, so that the circulator has a smaller volume, which can improve the adaptability of the circulator to a narrow installation space. Therefore, the central conductor structure for the circulator in the present invention can further miniaturize the central conductor structure and the circulator having the same while ensuring the index performance of the circulator, which can improve the adaptability of the circulator to a narrow installation space.

[0011] In addition, based on the above technical solution, the present invention can also make the following improvements and can also have the following additional technical features.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the short inductive transmission line is in a T-shaped structure, and the inductive line segment is in a straight line structure. The short inductive transmission line in this embodiment is in a T-shaped structure, and the inductive line segment is in a straight line structure, which is conducive to having more space between two adjacent inductive line segments to provide space for the arrangement of the capacitive line segment, which is conducive to having enough space for the capacitive line segment to be arranged, and thus is conducive to increasing the length of the capacitive line segment, which is conducive to making the length of the short capacitive transmission line meet the length requirement of not shorter than 1 / 8 wavelength, and ensuring the index performance of the central conductor structure and the circulator having the same; in addition, the short inductive transmission line is in a T-shaped structure, which is conducive to ensuring that the short inductive transmission line has a suitable length, and thus is conducive to reducing the impedance of the central conductor structure, and realizing the improvement of the working frequency of the less central conductor structure.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first inductive connection end is in an arc-shaped structure. In this embodiment, the first inductive connection end is in an arc-shaped structure, and the length of the arc is approximately equal to the length of the first inductive connection end. While ensuring that the first inductive connection end has a suitable length, more space can be provided for the arrangement of the capacitive line segment, which is conducive to providing enough space for the capacitive line segment to be arranged.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first capacitive connection terminal includes:

[0015] an area increase line, the capacitive line segment being connected to the area increase line, the area increase line being located between two adjacent inductive short transmission lines, and two ends of the area increase line extending close to the two adjacent first capacitive connection ends respectively;

[0016] The pins have one end connected to the area increase line respectively, and the other end extending outward away from the area increase line and respectively provided with a pin hole for connecting with the pin.

[0017] The first capacitive connection end of the present embodiment includes an area-increasing line, and both ends of the area-increasing line extend close to the two adjacent first capacitive connection ends respectively, so as to increase the area of ​​the first capacitive connection end, thereby making the circulator with the central conductor structure have a lower frequency, and improving the circulator to meet the low-frequency requirements; at the same time, the area-increasing line increases the area of ​​the first capacitive connection end, and can also improve the isolation and standing wave performance of the circulator with the central conductor structure; further, the outer side of the area-increasing line of the present embodiment is connected with a pin, which facilitates the electrical connection of the central conductor structure.

[0018] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the capacitive line segment includes:

[0019] A first bending section, one end of which is a connection end 1 and is connected to the first inductive connection end, and the other end of which is close to one of the two adjacent inductive short transmission lines and then turns toward and extends close to the other of the two adjacent inductive short transmission lines to form an extension end 1;

[0020] A second bending section, one end of which is a connecting end 2 and is connected to the extending end 1 of the first bending section, and the other end of which is close to the inductive short transmission line that is farther apart among the two adjacent inductive short transmission lines and extends to form an extending end 2;

[0021] The third bending section has one end as the connection end three and connected to the extension end two of the second bending section, and the other end is bent and extended toward the second inductive connection end and then connected to the second inductive connection end.

[0022] The capacitive line segment in this embodiment includes a first bending segment, a second bending segment and a third bending segment arranged between two adjacent inductive short transmission lines. The first bending segment, the second bending segment and the third bending segment increase the length of the capacitive line segment, so that the length of the capacitive short transmission line can be increased in a central conductor structure with the same size, thereby improving the index performance of the circulator with the above-mentioned central conductor structure, and is conducive to reducing the energy consumption of the circulator, reducing the heat generation of the circulator, increasing the use temperature range of the circulator, and can also increase the operating frequency range of the circulator, thereby improving the applicability of the circulator.

[0023] In addition, this embodiment provides a circulator, including:

[0024] A base, wherein a mounting cavity is provided in the base;

[0025] A first magnet is installed in the installation cavity and located at the bottom of the installation cavity;

[0026] A first grounding sheet, installed in the installation cavity and located directly above the first magnet;

[0027] A first dielectric ring is installed in the installation cavity and is located directly above the first grounding plate, and a first installation groove is provided in the first dielectric ring;

[0028] A first ferrite is installed in a first installation groove of the first dielectric ring;

[0029] The central conductor structure for the circulator is installed in the installation cavity and is located directly above the first dielectric ring and the first ferrite. The side surface of the base is provided with three avoidance grooves connected to the installation cavity for avoiding the pins on the central conductor structure.

[0030] A second dielectric ring is installed in the installation cavity and is located directly above the central conductor structure, and a second installation groove is provided in the second dielectric ring;

[0031] A second ferrite is installed in the second installation groove of the second dielectric ring;

[0032] A second grounding plate, installed in the installation cavity and located directly above the second dielectric ring and the second ferrite;

[0033] a second magnet, mounted in the mounting cavity and located directly above the second grounding sheet;

[0034] A cover body is arranged on the upper end of the base to seal the upper end of the installation cavity and squeeze the second magnet.

[0035] In this embodiment, a closed magnetic circuit is formed between the first magnet and the second magnet, which can shield the magnetic field lines of force inside the installation cavity, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing leakage magnetic flux, which is beneficial to reducing the required magnetic field strength, and thus smaller magnets can be used, which is beneficial to reducing the thickness and weight of the first magnet and the second magnet, and is beneficial to reducing the height size and overall weight of the circulator; in addition, by providing a mounting cavity in the base, it is beneficial to install the first magnet, the first grounding plate, the first dielectric ring, the first ferrite, the center conductor structure, the second dielectric ring, the second ferrite, the second grounding plate, and the second magnet in close proximity in the mounting cavity, so that the structure of the circulator is compact, which is beneficial to reducing the height size of the circulator and reducing the volume of the circulator.

[0036] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first ferrite and the second ferrite are made of high dielectric constant materials, and the relative dielectric constant ε r The first ferrite and the second ferrite in this embodiment are made of high dielectric constant materials. The relative dielectric constant ε r It is 23.5-24.5, and the relative dielectric constant is high, which can effectively weaken the electric field strength and is beneficial to reducing the volume of the circulator.

[0037] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the circulator further comprises:

[0038] An anti-rotation card is installed in the installation cavity, located directly above the second magnet and directly below the cover body. The cover body presses the anti-rotation card downward. The anti-rotation card is provided with three claws corresponding to the three avoidance grooves one by one. The claws are connected to the anti-rotation card and extend outward respectively. The claws can be optionally clamped in the avoidance grooves.

[0039] In this embodiment, an anti-rotation clamp is provided, and a claw is provided on the outside of the anti-rotation clamp, so that the claw can be clamped in the avoidance groove to limit the component installed in the installation cavity in the circumferential direction, thereby preventing the component installed in the installation cavity from circumferential rotation or displacement and affecting the performance indicators of the circulator.

[0040] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the three avoidance grooves are connected to connecting ears corresponding to each other on the circumferential side of the lower end of the base, and the connecting ears are located below the avoidance grooves. The connecting ears are respectively provided with communicating holes, and the annular device further includes:

[0041] A bushing connected to the communicating hole on the connecting ear, wherein the bushing is provided with through holes along its length direction;

[0042] The pin has a lower end that is abutted against the lower end of the bushing, and an upper end that passes through a through hole on the bushing and is connected to a pin on the central conductor structure.

[0043] In this embodiment, connecting ears are connected to the peripheral side of the lower end of the base, and connecting ears are respectively provided with connecting holes, and bushings are installed in the connecting holes. The bushings are provided with through holes along the length direction thereof. The upper ends of the pins pass through the through holes on the bushings and are connected to the pins on the central conductor structure, which is beneficial to the electrical connection of the central conductor structure.

[0044] Furthermore, this embodiment also provides a circulator design method for designing the above circulator, comprising:

[0045] Designing the base, designing the base into a cylindrical structure, designing the installation cavity into a cylindrical structure, and determining the radius of the installation cavity;

[0046] A first magnet, a first grounding plate, a first dielectric ring, a first ferrite, a central conductor structure, a second dielectric ring, a second ferrite, a second grounding plate, a second magnet and an adapter cover are installed in the installation cavity according to the radius of the installation cavity and are arranged on the upper end of the base;

[0047] When designing the first ferrite and the second ferrite, the center frequency of the circulator is set and the saturation magnetization of the first ferrite and the second ferrite is calculated respectively, and the dielectric constants of the first dielectric ring and the second dielectric ring are estimated at the same time; the radius size of the first ferrite is calculated according to the center frequency, the saturation magnetization of the first ferrite and the dielectric constant of the first ferrite; the radius size of the second ferrite is calculated according to the center frequency, the saturation magnetization of the second ferrite and the dielectric constant of the second ferrite;

[0048] When designing the central conductor structure, the capacitance area required for the first capacitive connection end and the inductance length required for the first inductive connection end are calculated according to the structural dimensions of the circulator and the operating frequency requirements of the circulator.

[0049] In this embodiment, by designing the base into a cylindrical structure, designing the mounting cavity into a cylindrical structure, and determining the radius of the mounting cavity, it is convenient to appropriately design the radius of the mounting cavity to adapt the sizes of the first magnet, the first grounding plate, the first dielectric ring, the first ferrite, the center conductor structure, the second dielectric ring, the second ferrite, the second grounding plate, and the second magnet installed in the mounting cavity; in addition, when designing the first ferrite and the second ferrite, the radius size of the first ferrite is calculated according to the center frequency, the saturation magnetization of the first ferrite, and the dielectric constant of the first ferrite; the radius size of the second ferrite is calculated according to the center frequency, the saturation magnetization of the second ferrite, and the dielectric constant of the second ferrite. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0051] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an existing central conductor 1;

[0052] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a central conductor structure for a circulator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a circulator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Bottom view of

[0055] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of disassembly and assembly.

[0056] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows:

[0057] 1. Center conductor 1, 2. Center conductor structure, 3. Base, 8. Anti-rotation clamp, 9. Cover, 20. First inductive connection end, 21. Inductive line segment, 22. Area increase line, 23. Capacitive line segment, 24. Pin, 30. Installation cavity, 31. Avoidance groove, 32. Connecting ear, 33. Bushing, 34. Pin, 40. First magnet, 41. Second magnet, 50. First grounding plate, 51. Second grounding plate, 60. First dielectric ring, 61. Second dielectric ring, 70. First ferrite, 71. Second ferrite, 80. Claw, 241. Pin hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the implementation methods of the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0059] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned purpose, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0060] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0061] This embodiment provides a central conductor structure 2 for a circulator, such as Figures 2 to 5 As shown, it includes: a large Y-shaped distributed inductance structure, including three short inductive transmission lines, the three short inductive transmission lines are evenly distributed in a Y-shaped structure, the two ends of the short inductive transmission line are respectively a first inductive connection end 20 and a second inductive connection end, an inductive line segment 21 is connected between the first inductive connection end 20 and the second inductive connection end, the first inductive connection end 20 of the three short inductive transmission lines respectively extend to the outside of the large Y-shaped distributed inductance structure, and the second inductive connection ends of the three short inductive transmission lines respectively extend to the middle of the large Y-shaped distributed inductance structure and are connected as a whole; a small Y-shaped distributed capacitance structure, including three short capacitive transmission lines, the three short capacitive transmission lines are evenly distributed in a Y-shaped structure. The three short inductive transmission lines and the three short capacitive transmission lines are arranged alternately at intervals, the two ends of the short capacitive transmission lines are respectively a first capacitive connection end and a second capacitive connection end, a capacitive line segment 23 with a bent structure is connected between the first capacitive connection end and the second capacitive connection end, the capacitive line segment 23 is bent between two adjacent short inductive transmission lines, and the first capacitive connection ends of the three short capacitive transmission lines are respectively extended to the outside of the small Y-shaped distributed capacitance structure, and the second capacitive connection ends of the three short capacitive transmission lines are respectively extended to the middle of the small Y-shaped distributed capacitance structure and are connected as a whole; the second inductive connection ends of the three short inductive transmission lines are connected as a whole with the second capacitive connection ends of the three short capacitive transmission lines.

[0062] In this embodiment, if Figures 2 to 5As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, three short inductive transmission lines and three short capacitive transmission lines on the central conductor structure 2 for the circulator are alternately arranged, a capacitive line segment 23 with a bent structure is connected between the first capacitive connection end and the second capacitive connection end, and the capacitive line segment 23 is bent between two adjacent short inductive transmission lines, so that the length of the short capacitive transmission line can be increased in the central conductor structure 2 with the same size, thereby improving the index performance of the circulator with the central conductor structure 2, and is conducive to reducing the energy consumption of the circulator, reducing the heat generation of the circulator, increasing the use temperature range of the circulator, and can also increase the working frequency range of the circulator, thereby improving the performance of the circulator with the central conductor structure 2. The applicability of the high circulator; similarly, the above-mentioned central conductor structure 2 is installed in the circulator. Under the premise of achieving the same index performance, since the capacitive line segment 23 is bent between two adjacent inductive short transmission lines to increase the length of the capacitive short transmission line, it is beneficial to make the length of the capacitive short transmission line meet the length requirement of not less than 1 / 8 wavelength, and avoid the length of the capacitive short transmission line being shorter than 1 / 8 wavelength, which makes the circulator loss large and the index performance poor; in addition, it is also beneficial to further miniaturize the central conductor structure 2 and the circulator having it while ensuring the index performance of the circulator, so that the circulator has a smaller volume, which can improve the adaptability of the circulator to narrow installation space. It should be noted that the "Y-shaped structure uniformly distributed" in this embodiment means that the angle formed between any two transmission lines is 120° or close to 120°.

[0063] One embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 2 As shown, the inductive short transmission line is in a T-shaped structure, and the inductive line segment 21 is in a straight line structure. In this embodiment, the inductive short transmission line is in a T-shaped structure, and the inductive line segment 21 is in a straight line structure, which is conducive to having more space between two adjacent inductive line segments 21 to provide space for the arrangement of the capacitive line segment 23, which is conducive to having enough space for the capacitive line segment 23 to be arranged, and thus is conducive to increasing the length of the capacitive line segment 23, which is conducive to making the length of the capacitive short transmission line meet the length requirement of not shorter than 1 / 8 wavelength, and ensuring the index performance of the central conductor structure 2 and the circulator having the same; in addition, the inductive short transmission line is in a T-shaped structure, which is conducive to ensuring that the inductive short transmission line has a suitable length, and thus is conducive to reducing the impedance of the central conductor structure 2, and realizing the improvement of the working frequency of the less central conductor structure 2.

[0064] One embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 2As shown, the first inductive connection terminal 20 is in an arc shape. In this embodiment, the first inductive connection terminal 20 is in an arc shape, and the length of the arc is approximately equal to the length of the first inductive connection terminal 20. While ensuring that the first inductive connection terminal 20 has a suitable length, more space can be provided for the arrangement of the capacitive line segment 23, which is conducive to providing the capacitive line segment 23 with sufficient space for arrangement.

[0065] One embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 2 As shown, the first capacitive connection end includes: an area increase line 22, a capacitive line segment 23 connected to the area increase line 22, the area increase line 22 is located between two adjacent short inductive transmission lines, and the two ends of the area increase line 22 extend close to the two adjacent first capacitive connection ends respectively; a pin 24, one end of which is respectively connected to the area increase line 22, and the other end extends outward away from the area increase line 22 and is respectively provided with a pin hole 241 for connecting with the pin 34.

[0066] In this embodiment, if Figure 2 As shown, the first capacitive connection end includes an area increase line 22, and the two ends of the area increase line 22 extend close to the two adjacent first capacitive connection ends, so that the area of ​​the first capacitive connection end can be increased, thereby making the circulator with the center conductor structure 2 have a lower frequency, which can improve the circulator to meet the low-frequency requirements; at the same time, the area increase line 22 increases the area of ​​the first capacitive connection end, and can also improve the isolation and standing wave performance of the circulator with the center conductor structure 2; further, the outer side of the area increase line 22 of this embodiment is connected to a pin 24, which is convenient for the center conductor structure 2 to achieve electrical connection. In this embodiment, the impedance of the three pins 24 is 50 ohms.

[0067] One embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 2 As shown, the capacitive line segment 23 includes: a first bending segment, one end of which is a connection end 1 and is connected to the first inductive connection end 20, and the other end is close to one of the two adjacent inductive short transmission lines and then extends to bend toward and close to the other inductive short transmission line to form an extension end 1; a second bending segment, one end of which is a connection end 2 and is connected to the extension end 1 of the first bending segment, and the other end is close to the inductive short transmission line that is farther away from the two adjacent inductive short transmission lines and extends to form an extension end 2; a third bending segment, one end of which is a connection end 3 and is connected to the extension end 2 of the second bending segment, and the other end is bent and extended toward the second inductive connection end and then connected to the second inductive connection end.

[0068] In this embodiment, if Figure 2As shown, the capacitive line segment 23 includes a first bending segment, a second bending segment and a third bending segment arranged between two adjacent inductive short transmission lines. The first bending segment, the second bending segment and the third bending segment increase the length of the capacitive line segment 23, so that the length of the capacitive short transmission line can be increased in the central conductor structure 2 with the same size, so that the index performance of the circulator with the above-mentioned central conductor structure 2 can be improved, and it is beneficial to reduce the energy consumption of the circulator, reduce the heat generation of the circulator, increase the use temperature range of the circulator, and can also increase the working frequency range of the circulator, thereby improving the applicability of the circulator.

[0069] In addition, this embodiment provides a circulator, such as Figure 3 , Figure 5 As shown, it includes: a base 3, a mounting cavity 30 is provided in the base 3; a first magnet 40 is installed in the mounting cavity 30 and is located at the bottom of the mounting cavity 30; a first grounding plate 50 is installed in the mounting cavity 30 and is located directly above the first magnet 40; a first dielectric ring 60 is installed in the mounting cavity 30 and is located directly above the first grounding plate 50, and a mounting groove 1 is provided in the first dielectric ring 60; a first ferrite 70 is installed in the mounting groove 1 of the first dielectric ring 60; the central conductor structure 2 for the circulator is installed in the mounting cavity 30 and is located directly above the first dielectric ring 60 and the first ferrite 70, and three side surfaces of the base 3 are provided. A avoidance groove 31 connected to the mounting cavity 30 for avoiding the pin 24 on the central conductor structure 2; a second dielectric ring 61, mounted in the mounting cavity 30 and located directly above the central conductor structure 2, and a second mounting groove is provided in the second dielectric ring 61; a second ferrite 71, mounted in the second mounting groove of the second dielectric ring 61; a second grounding plate 51, mounted in the mounting cavity 30 and located directly above the second dielectric ring 61 and the second ferrite 71; a second magnet 41, mounted in the mounting cavity 30 and located directly above the second grounding plate 51; a cover body 9, which is covered on the upper end of the base 3 to seal the upper end of the mounting cavity 30 and squeeze the second magnet 41.

[0070] In this embodiment, if Figure 3 , Figure 5As shown, a closed magnetic circuit is formed between the first magnet 40 and the second magnet 41, which can shield the magnetic field lines of force in the installation cavity 30, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing leakage magnetic flux, which is conducive to reducing the required magnetic field strength, and then a smaller magnet can be used, which is conducive to reducing the thickness and weight of the first magnet 40 and the second magnet 41, and is conducive to reducing the height size and overall weight of the circulator; in addition, by providing the installation cavity 30 in the base 3, it is conducive to closely installing the first magnet 40, the first grounding plate 50, the first dielectric ring 60, the first ferrite 70, the central conductor structure 2, the second dielectric ring 61, the second ferrite 71, the second grounding plate 51, and the second magnet 41 in the installation cavity 30, so that the structure of the circulator is compact, which is conducive to reducing the height size of the circulator and reducing the volume of the circulator. In addition, the installation groove 1 and the installation groove 2 in this embodiment are both circular, and the first ferrite 70 and the second ferrite 71 are disc-shaped structures.

[0071] In this embodiment, if Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the base 3 is a cylindrical structure, the material of the base 3 is steel, the mounting cavity 30 is a cylindrical structure, and the inner wall of the mounting cavity 30 is plated with a nickel-plated layer, a silver-plated layer or a gold-plated layer; the upper end of the base 3 is provided with an internal thread on the inner wall of the mounting cavity 30, and the outer side of the cover 9 is provided with an external thread corresponding to the internal thread on the upper end of the base 3, and the external thread on the cover 9 is threadedly connected with the internal thread on the upper end of the base 3, and the cover 9 is a magnetic conductive cover plate. In addition, the first magnet 40, the first grounding plate 50, the first dielectric ring 60, the central conductor structure 2, the second dielectric ring 61, the second ferrite 71, and the second magnet 41 in this embodiment are also disc-shaped structures. It should be noted that the base 3 in this embodiment can also be designed as other structures, and the mounting cavity 30 can also be designed as other structures, which will not be repeated here.

[0072] In this embodiment, if Figure 5 As shown, the first ferrite 70 and the second ferrite 71 are single-sided silver-plated microwave ferrite discs, the lower side of the first ferrite 70 is silver-plated, the upper side of the second ferrite 71 is silver-plated, and the central conductor structure 2 is sandwiched between the non-silver-plated surfaces of the first ferrite 70 and the second ferrite 71. In addition, the first dielectric ring 60 and the second dielectric ring 61 in this embodiment are made of polytetrafluoroethylene or ceramic dielectric materials; the surfaces of the first grounding plate 50 and the second grounding plate 51 are provided with a silver-plated layer.

[0073] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first ferrite 70 and the second ferrite 71 are made of a high dielectric constant material, and the relative dielectric constant ε of the high dielectric constant material is r In this embodiment, the first ferrite 70 and the second ferrite 71 are made of a high dielectric constant material. The relative dielectric constant ε rIt is 23.5-24.5, and the relative dielectric constant is high, which can effectively weaken the electric field strength and is beneficial to reducing the volume of the circulator.

[0074] One embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 3 , Figure 5 As shown, the annulator also includes: an anti-rotation clamp 8, which is installed in the installation cavity 30, located directly above the second magnet 41 and directly below the cover body 9. The cover body 9 presses the anti-rotation clamp 8 downward. The anti-rotation clamp 8 is provided with three claws 80 corresponding to the three avoidance grooves 31 one by one. The claws 80 are connected to the anti-rotation clamp 8 and extend outward respectively. The claws 80 can be optionally clamped in the avoidance grooves 31.

[0075] In this embodiment, if Figure 3 , Figure 5 As shown, by providing an anti-rotation clamp 8, a claw 80 is provided on the outside of the anti-rotation clamp 8, so that the claw 80 is conveniently clamped in the avoidance groove 31 to limit the components installed in the installation cavity 30 in the circumferential direction, thereby preventing the components installed in the installation cavity 30 from rotating or displacing in the circumferential direction and affecting the performance index of the circulator. The avoidance groove 31 in this embodiment is rectangular, and the claw 80 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and the claw 80 can be placed in the avoidance groove 31 from the upper end of the base 3.

[0076] One embodiment of the present invention, as Figures 3 to 5 As shown, three avoidance grooves 31 corresponding to each other are connected to connecting ears 32 on the circumferential side of the lower end of the base 3, and connecting ears 32 are respectively provided with connecting holes. The circulator also includes: a bushing 33, which is connected to the connecting hole on the connecting ear 32, and the bushing 33 is provided with a through hole along its length direction; a pin 34, the lower end of which is abutted and connected to the lower end of the bushing 33, and the upper end passes through the through hole on the bushing 33 and is connected to the pin 24 on the central conductor structure 2.

[0077] In this embodiment, if Figures 3 to 5 As shown, a connecting ear 32 is connected to the circumferential side of the lower end of the base 3, and the connecting ear 32 is located below the avoidance groove 30. The connecting ears 32 are respectively provided with communication holes, and a bushing 33 is installed in the communication hole. The bushing 33 is provided with a through hole along its length direction. The upper end of the pin 34 passes through the through hole on the bushing 33 and is connected to the pin 24 on the central conductor structure 2, which is conducive to the electrical connection of the central conductor structure 2. In this embodiment, the bushing 33 is a stepped columnar structure, the through hole on the bushing 33 is a cylindrical hole, and the upper end of the bushing 33 is inserted into the communication hole on the connecting ear 32 and passes through the communication hole; in addition, the pin hole 241 in this embodiment is circular, and the pin 34 passes through the through hole of the bushing 33 and the pin hole 241 on the connecting ear 32 and is welded to the pin 24 by soldering. The bushing 33 in this embodiment is made of one or more insulating and high temperature resistant materials such as polytetrafluoroethylene, polyimide, and polyetheretherketone.

[0078] Furthermore, the present embodiment also provides a circulator design method for designing the above-mentioned circulator, comprising: designing a base 3, designing the base 3 into a cylindrical structure, designing the mounting cavity 30 into a cylindrical structure, and determining the radius of the mounting cavity 30; designing a first magnet 40, a first grounding plate 50, a first dielectric ring 60, a first ferrite 70, a central conductor structure 2, a second dielectric ring 61, a second ferrite 71, a second grounding plate 51, a second magnet 41 and an adapter cover 9 arranged on the upper end of the base 3 according to the radius of the mounting cavity 30; when designing the first ferrite 70 and the second ferrite 71, setting the center radius of the circulator The center frequency is calculated and the saturation magnetization intensity of the first ferrite 70 and the second ferrite 71 are respectively calculated, and the dielectric constants of the first dielectric ring 60 and the second dielectric ring 61 are estimated; the radius size of the first ferrite 70 is calculated according to the center frequency, the saturation magnetization intensity of the first ferrite 70 and the dielectric constant of the first ferrite 70; the radius size of the second ferrite 71 is calculated according to the center frequency, the saturation magnetization intensity of the second ferrite 71 and the dielectric constant of the second ferrite 71; when designing the center conductor structure 2, the capacitance area required by the first capacitive connection end and the inductance length required by the first inductive connection end 20 are calculated according to the structural size of the circulator and the operating frequency requirements of the circulator.

[0079] In this embodiment, by designing the base 3 into a cylindrical structure, designing the mounting cavity 30 into a cylindrical structure, and determining the radius of the mounting cavity 30, it is convenient to appropriately design the first magnet 40, the first grounding plate 50, the first dielectric ring 60, the first ferrite 70, the center conductor structure 2, the second dielectric ring 61, the second ferrite 71, the second grounding plate 51, and the second magnet 41 installed in the mounting cavity 30 according to the radius of the mounting cavity 30; in addition, when designing the first ferrite 70 and the second ferrite 71, the radius size of the first ferrite 70 is calculated according to the center frequency, the saturation magnetization of the first ferrite 70, and the dielectric constant of the first ferrite 70; the radius size of the second ferrite 71 is calculated according to the center frequency, the saturation magnetization of the second ferrite 71, and the dielectric constant of the second ferrite 71.

[0080] Specifically, the three short inductive transmission lines and the three short capacitive transmission lines on the central conductor structure 2 of the circulator in this embodiment are alternately arranged at intervals, and a capacitive line segment 23 with a bent structure is connected between the first capacitive connection end and the second capacitive connection end. The capacitive line segment 23 is bent between two adjacent short inductive transmission lines, so that the length of the short capacitive transmission line can be increased in the central conductor structure 2 with the same size, thereby improving the index performance of the circulator with the above-mentioned central conductor structure 2, and is conducive to reducing the energy consumption of the circulator, reducing the heat generation of the circulator, increasing the use temperature range of the circulator, and can also increase the working frequency range of the circulator, thereby improving the performance of the circulator. Similarly, the above-mentioned central conductor structure 2 is installed in the circulator. Under the premise of achieving the same index performance, since the capacitive line segment 23 is bent between two adjacent inductive short transmission lines to increase the length of the capacitive short transmission line, it is beneficial to make the length of the capacitive short transmission line meet the length requirement of not shorter than 1 / 8 wavelength, and avoid the length of the capacitive short transmission line being shorter than 1 / 8 wavelength, which makes the circulator loss large and the index performance poor; in addition, it is also beneficial to further miniaturize the central conductor structure 2 and the circulator having the same while ensuring the index performance of the circulator, so that the circulator has a smaller volume, which can improve the adaptability of the circulator to a narrow installation space. Therefore, the central conductor structure 2 for the circulator in this embodiment can further miniaturize the central conductor structure 2 and the circulator having the same while ensuring the index performance of the circulator, which can improve the adaptability of the circulator to a narrow installation space.

[0081] In addition, in addition to the technical solutions disclosed in this embodiment, the first magnet 40, the second magnet 41, other structures of the central conductor, the circulator and its working principle in the present invention can refer to the conventional technical solutions in this technical field, and these conventional technical solutions are not the focus of the present invention, and the present invention will not describe them in detail here.

[0082] In the present invention, the term "plurality" refers to two or more than two, unless otherwise clearly defined. The terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "connected" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0083] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or unit referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore, cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0084] In the description of this specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "specific embodiments", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0085] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A central conductor structure for a circulator, characterized in that: include: A large Y-shaped distributed inductance structure, comprising three short inductive transmission lines, the three short inductive transmission lines being evenly distributed in a Y-shaped structure, the two ends of the short inductive transmission lines being respectively a first inductive connection end and a second inductive connection end, an inductive line segment being connected between the first inductive connection end and the second inductive connection end, the first inductive connection ends of the three short inductive transmission lines respectively extending to the outside of the large Y-shaped distributed inductance structure, and the second inductive connection ends of the three short inductive transmission lines respectively extending to the middle of the large Y-shaped distributed inductance structure and being connected as one; A small Y-shaped distributed capacitance structure, comprising three short capacitive transmission lines, the three short capacitive transmission lines are evenly distributed in a Y-shaped structure, the three short inductive transmission lines and the three short capacitive transmission lines are alternately arranged at intervals, the two ends of the short capacitive transmission line are respectively a first capacitive connection end and a second capacitive connection end, a capacitive line segment in a bent structure is connected between the first capacitive connection end and the second capacitive connection end, the capacitive line segment is bent between two adjacent short inductive transmission lines, and the first capacitive connection ends of the three short capacitive transmission lines are respectively extended to the outside of the small Y-shaped distributed capacitance structure, and the second capacitive connection ends of the three short capacitive transmission lines are respectively extended to the middle of the small Y-shaped distributed capacitance structure and connected as a whole; The second inductive connection ends of the three short inductive transmission lines are connected to the second capacitive connection ends of the three short capacitive transmission lines as a whole; The inductive short transmission line is in a T-shaped structure, and the inductive line segment is in a straight line structure; The first capacitive connection end includes: an area increase line, the capacitive line segment is connected to the area increase line, the area increase line is located between two adjacent inductive short transmission lines, and the two ends of the area increase line are respectively extended close to the two adjacent first capacitive connection ends; a pin, one end of which is respectively connected to the area increase line, and the other end is away from the area increase line and extends outward and is respectively provided with a pin hole for connecting with a pin; The capacitive line segment includes: a first bending segment, one end of which is a connection end 1 and is connected to the first inductive connection end, and the other end of which is close to one of the two adjacent inductive short transmission lines and then extends to bend toward and close to the other inductive short transmission line to form an extension end 1; a second bending segment, one end of which is a connection end 2 and is connected to the extension end 1 of the first bending segment, and the other end of which is close to the inductive short transmission line that is farther away from the two adjacent inductive short transmission lines and extends to form an extension end 2; a third bending segment, one end of which is a connection end 3 and is connected to the extension end 2 of the second bending segment, and the other end of which is bent and extended toward the second inductive connection end and then connected to the second inductive connection end.

2. The central conductor structure for a circulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first inductive connection end is in an arc-shaped structure.

3. A circulator, characterized in that: include: A base, wherein a mounting cavity is provided in the base; A first magnet is installed in the installation cavity and located at the bottom of the installation cavity; A first grounding sheet, installed in the installation cavity and located directly above the first magnet; A first dielectric ring is installed in the installation cavity and is located directly above the first grounding plate, and a first installation groove is provided in the first dielectric ring; A first ferrite is installed in a first installation groove of the first dielectric ring; The central conductor structure for a circulator according to any one of claims 1 to 2 is installed in the installation cavity and is located directly above the first dielectric ring and the first ferrite, and the side surface of the base is provided with three avoidance grooves connected to the installation cavity for avoiding the pins on the central conductor structure; A second dielectric ring is installed in the installation cavity and is located directly above the central conductor structure, and a second installation groove is provided in the second dielectric ring; A second ferrite is installed in the second installation groove of the second dielectric ring; A second grounding plate, installed in the installation cavity and located directly above the second dielectric ring and the second ferrite; a second magnet, mounted in the mounting cavity and located directly above the second grounding sheet; A cover body is arranged on the upper end of the base to seal the upper end of the installation cavity and squeeze the second magnet.

4. The circulator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first ferrite and the second ferrite are made of high dielectric constant materials, and the relative dielectric constant ε r It is 23.5~24.

5.

5. The circulator according to claim 3, characterized in that: Also includes: An anti-rotation card is installed in the installation cavity, located directly above the second magnet and directly below the cover body. The cover body presses the anti-rotation card downward. The anti-rotation card is provided with three claws corresponding to the three avoidance grooves one by one. The claws are connected to the anti-rotation card and extend outward respectively. The claws can be optionally clamped in the avoidance grooves.

6. The circulator according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that: The lower end circumference of the base is connected with connecting ears corresponding to the three avoidance grooves one by one, the connecting ears are located below the avoidance grooves, and the connecting ears are respectively provided with communication holes, and further comprising: A bushing connected to the communicating hole on the connecting ear, wherein the bushing is provided with through holes along its length direction; The pin has a lower end that is abutted against the lower end of the bushing, and an upper end that passes through a through hole on the bushing and is connected to a pin on the central conductor structure.

7. A method for designing a circulator, used for designing the circulator according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that: include: Designing the base, designing the base into a cylindrical structure, designing the installation cavity into a cylindrical structure, and determining the radius of the installation cavity; A first magnet, a first grounding plate, a first dielectric ring, a first ferrite, a central conductor structure, a second dielectric ring, a second ferrite, a second grounding plate, a second magnet and an adapter cover are installed in the installation cavity according to the radius of the installation cavity and are arranged on the upper end of the base; When designing the first ferrite and the second ferrite, the center frequency of the circulator is set and the saturation magnetization of the first ferrite and the second ferrite is calculated respectively, and the dielectric constants of the first dielectric ring and the second dielectric ring are estimated at the same time; the radius size of the first ferrite is calculated according to the center frequency, the saturation magnetization of the first ferrite and the dielectric constant of the first ferrite; the radius size of the second ferrite is calculated according to the center frequency, the saturation magnetization of the second ferrite and the dielectric constant of the second ferrite; When designing the central conductor structure, the capacitance area required for the first capacitive connection end and the inductance length required for the first inductive connection end are calculated according to the structural dimensions of the circulator and the operating frequency requirements of the circulator.

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