A rear chuck for laser cutting machine

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of clamping equipment, and in particular to a rear chuck for a laser cutting machine, comprising a claw assembly, a chuck body, a cylinder assembly, a guide block cover, a bearing seat assembly, a reducer and a pump assembly arranged in sequence along the axial direction, two mutually perpendicular moving grooves are provided at the front end of the chuck body, four groups of first chain plates corresponding to the moving grooves are provided at the rear end of the chuck body, and movable grooves are provided between the chain plates, the claw assembly is installed at the front end of the chuck body, the cylinder assembly is installed at the rear end of the chuck body and passes through the chuck body to drive the claw assembly to open and close, the guide block cover is sleeved on the outer periphery of the cylinder assembly and arranged between the bearing seat assembly and the chuck body, and the reducer is arranged at the rear end of the bearing seat assembly. The present invention overcomes the shortcomings of the traditional rear claws, such as long overhang length and much residual tail material, and has a shorter overhang length and saves more tail material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of clamping equipment, in particular to a rear chuck for a laser cutting machine. Background Art

[0002] Laser cutting is the most important application technology in the laser processing industry. Due to its many characteristics such as fast speed, high precision and no deformation of the workpiece, it has been widely used in automobile, locomotive and vehicle manufacturing, aviation, chemical industry, light industry, electrical appliances and electronics, petroleum and metallurgy. In recent years, laser cutting technology has developed rapidly, and it has been growing at a rate of 20% to 30% per year internationally. The vast application market of laser cutting processing, coupled with the rapid development of modern science and technology, has enabled domestic and foreign scientific and technological workers to continuously explore and research laser cutting processing technology, which has promoted the continuous development of laser cutting technology.

[0003] With the increasing market expansion of laser tube cutting machines, the use of pneumatic chucks is also increasing. However, the pneumatic chucks currently used by laser machine manufacturers generally have problems such as simple dust prevention, heavy weight, and difficult maintenance. The general chucks on the market have L-shaped jaws that are too long, poor clamping force and clamping accuracy at the far end of the jaws, and a large amount of residual material left over during processing, resulting in high production costs. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a rear chuck for a laser cutting machine which can save processing waste materials.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A rear chuck for a laser cutting machine comprises a jaw assembly, a chuck body, a cylinder assembly, a guide block cover, a bearing seat assembly, a reducer and an air pump assembly which are arranged in sequence along the axial direction. The front end of the chuck body is provided with two mutually perpendicular movable grooves, the rear end of the chuck body is provided with four groups of first chain plates corresponding to the movable grooves, and movable grooves are provided between the chain plates. The jaw assembly is mounted on the front end of the chuck body, the cylinder assembly is mounted on the rear end of the chuck body and passes through the chuck body to drive the jaw assembly to open and close, the guide block cover is sleeved on the outer periphery of the cylinder assembly and is arranged between the bearing seat assembly and the chuck body, and the reducer is arranged at the rear end of the bearing seat assembly.

[0007] Furthermore, the claw assembly includes four claw seats that can slide along the movable groove and a first claw group and a second claw group arranged on the relative claw seats, a driving groove corresponding to the movable groove is opened at the bottom of the claw seat, the first claw group includes a first pressure block arranged on the relative claw seat, a first pressure plate is provided on the outer side of the first pressure block, an outer support pad is fixed on the outer side of the first pressure plate, the second claw group includes a second pressure block arranged on another pair of claw seats, a second pressure plate is fixed at the rear end of the second pressure block, the lower surfaces of the second pressure block and the second pressure plate are higher than the upper surfaces of the first pressure block and the first pressure plate, and an inner clamping pad is provided on the inner side of the first pressure block and the second pressure block.

[0008] Further, the cylinder assembly includes a driving part and a connecting part, the driving part includes a rear cover, a front cover and a cylinder body arranged between the front cover and the rear cover, the rear cover is provided with an air guide hole, the rear end of the air guide hole is fixedly connected to an air guide column, a piston is placed in a cavity surrounded by the rear cover, the front cover and the cylinder body, a piston rod is provided at the front end of the piston, the front end of the piston is provided with a piston rod passing through the front cover and extending forward, a connecting part is fixed at the front end of the front cover, the connecting part includes an inner connecting sleeve and an outer connecting sleeve, the outer connecting sleeve is fixedly connected to the front cover, the inner connecting sleeve is fixedly connected to the piston rod, a second chain plate is provided at the front end of the inner connecting sleeve and the outer connecting sleeve, hinge plates are movably connected to the two sides of the second chain plate through a latch, the other end of the hinge plate is movably connected to a connecting rod through a latch, the connecting rod includes an integrally formed rotating part and a connecting part, the end of the rotating part passes through the movable groove and is embedded in the driving groove and rotates, pin shaft holes are provided at both ends of the connecting part, and the first chain plate is movably connected to the pin shaft hole of the connecting part close to the rotating part through a latch.

[0009] Furthermore, the rotating portion of the connecting rod and the connecting portion form an angle of 90-180 degrees.

[0010] Furthermore, the bearing seat assembly includes a bearing seat, a keyway is provided on the bottom surface of the bearing seat, two bearings are axially arranged inside the bearing seat, a spacer sleeve is provided between the bearings, the rear end of the guide block outer cover is narrowed to pass through the bearing and the reducer and is fixedly connected to the rear cover plate, the rear end of the rear cover plate is fixedly connected to the air pump assembly, the pump air assembly includes a flange fixedly connected to the rear end of the rear cover plate and an air path distributor movably arranged on the flange, air inlets are provided on both sides of the air path distributor, and the air inlets are connected to an external air source.

[0011] Furthermore, the rear end of the gas path distributor is fixedly connected to an anti-rotation plate, the anti-rotation plate is zigzag-shaped, and the other end of the anti-rotation plate is fixedly connected to the rear end of the reducer.

[0012] Furthermore, the reducer includes a driven gear fixedly connected to the front end of the rear cover plate, and a gear cover shell fixedly connected to the rear end of the bearing seat, the gear cover shell includes a first cover chamber fixedly connected to the rear end of the bearing seat and a second cover chamber integrally formed at the inner edge of the first cover chamber, a driving gear meshing with the driven gear is arranged in the second cover chamber, a reducer flange is arranged at the rear end of the second cover chamber, and 2-4 symmetrical proximity switch seats are arranged at the rear end of the first cover chamber, and a proximity switch is arranged in the proximity switch seat.

[0013] Furthermore, an adjustment plate is provided on the side of the reducer flange, an adjustment threaded hole is opened on the adjustment plate, an adjustment screw is fitted in the adjustment threaded hole, and the adjustment screw passes through the second cover chamber and extends.

[0014] Furthermore, a maintenance window is provided on the side of the second cover chamber, and an maintenance panel is provided outside the maintenance window.

[0015] Furthermore, a circular pressure plate is provided at the front end of the chuck body, the circular pressure plate is in a quarter circle shape, the straight edge of the circular pressure plate exceeds the side of the movable groove but does not contact it, and a dust baffle is provided at the front end of the circular pressure plate.

[0016] In summary, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the traditional technical means:

[0017] 1. The present invention overcomes the shortcomings of the traditional rear clamping claws, such as long overhang length and much residual material, and has a shorter overhang length and saves more residual material.

[0018] 2. The clamping claw of the present invention has a simple structure and adopts a building block design, which is easy to operate and flexible to replace, and has a better effect of clamping or externally supporting the laser tube.

[0019] 3. The bottom surface of the bearing seat of the present invention has a keyway, and the bottom surface is fully processed around to ensure the shape and position tolerances, and the assembly has a better reference to ensure the assembly accuracy. The bottom surface of the bearing 502 also has two threads for lifting the bearing seat to facilitate the adjustment and padding of the rear chuck.

[0020] 4. The gas path distributor of the present invention is equipped with an anti-rotation plate to prevent the gas paths from crossing and thus interrupting production.

[0021] 5. The reducer of the present invention is provided with an inspection window on the side, and an inspection panel is provided outside the inspection window 612 for routine maintenance work. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of ;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the chuck body of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the chuck body of the present invention from another perspective;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the claw assembly of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the connection between the jaw seat and the chuck body of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the cylinder assembly of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of ;

[0031] Fig. 9 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of how the cylinder assembly in the present invention drives the claw assembly;

[0032] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the bearing seat assembly of the present invention;

[0033] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the meshing of the driving gear and the driven gear in the reducer;

[0034] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reducer of the present invention after removing the driving gear and the driven gear;

[0035] Fig.13 for Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure from another perspective;

[0036] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the air pump assembly and the reducer of the present invention.

[0037] Wherein: 100. Claw assembly, 101. Claw seat, 102. First claw group, 103. Second claw group, 104. Driving slot, 105. First pressing block, 106. First pressing plate, 107. External support pad, 108. Second pressing block, 109. Second pressing plate, 110. Internal clamping pad;

[0038] 200. chuck body, 201. movable groove, 202. first chain plate, 203. movable groove, 204. round pressure plate, 205. dust baffle;

[0039] 300. cylinder assembly, 301. rear cover, 302. front cover, 303. cylinder body, 304. air guide hole, 305. air guide column, 306. piston, 307. piston rod, 308. inner connecting sleeve, 309. outer connecting sleeve, 310. second chain plate, 311. hinge plate, 312. connecting rod, 313. rotating part, 314. connecting part, 315. pin shaft hole;

[0040] 400. Guide block cover, 401. Rear cover;

[0041] 500. bearing seat assembly, 501. keyway, 502. bearing, 503. spacer;

[0042] 600. reducer, 601. driven gear, 602. gear cover housing, 603. first cover chamber, 604. second cover chamber, 605. driving gear, 606. reducer flange, 607. proximity switch seat, 608. proximity switch, 609. adjustment plate, 610. adjustment threaded hole, 611. adjustment screw, 612. inspection window, 613. inspection plate;

[0043] 700. Pump air assembly, 701. Flange, 702. Air distributor, 703. Air inlet, 704. Anti-rotation plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The following is an ideal embodiment of the present invention. Through the following description, relevant staff can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content in the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

[0045] The present invention will be further described with reference to the following drawings:

[0046] A rear chuck for a laser cutting machine comprises a jaw assembly 100, a chuck body 200, a cylinder assembly 300, a guide block cover 400, a bearing seat assembly 500, a reducer 600 and a pump air assembly 700 which are sequentially arranged along the axial direction. The front end of the chuck body 200 is provided with two mutually perpendicular movable grooves 201, the rear end of the chuck body 200 is provided with four groups of first chain plates 202 corresponding to the movable grooves 201, and movable grooves 203 are provided between the first chain plates 202. The jaw assembly 100 is mounted on the front end of the chuck body 200, the cylinder assembly 300 is mounted on the rear end of the chuck body 200 and passes through the chuck body 200 to drive the jaw assembly 100 to open and close, the guide block cover 400 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the cylinder assembly 300 and is arranged between the bearing seat assembly 500 and the chuck body 200, and the reducer 600 is arranged at the rear end of the bearing seat assembly 500.

[0047] In the above-mentioned rear chuck for a laser cutting machine, the cylinder assembly 300 is supplied with air by an external air source to drive the movement of the jaw assembly 100 so that it can realize the clamping function. The bearing seat assembly 500 provides a safe and stable working environment for the present invention, and the guide block cover 400 prevents dust from falling into the cylinder assembly 300, and also prevents air leakage from causing the cylinder assembly 300 to malfunction.

[0048] The guide block cover 400 is used to place the cylinder assembly 300. The relative moving part of the cylinder assembly 300 has roughness and form and position tolerance requirements. The roughness is required to be no greater than Ra1.6, and the coaxiality is no greater than 0.02, to ensure the accuracy of the movement of the cylinder assembly 300. The outer circle of the guide block cover 400 also has roughness and form and position tolerance requirements. The roughness is required to be no greater than Ra1.6, and the coaxiality is no greater than 0.02. It is used for alignment and adjustment of the rear chuck assembly, and is used when aligning the front and rear chucks to be concentric and equal in height. The rear end of the guide block cover 400 is connected to the rear cover 301 plate, and a bearing 502 is installed in the middle. The outer circle size and form and position tolerance of the installation part of the bearing 502 must be guaranteed, and it must be concentric and coaxial with the inner hole and outer circle of the front end.

[0049] The claw assembly 100 includes four claw seats 101 that can slide along the movable groove 201, and a first claw group 102 and a second claw group 103 arranged on the relative claw seats 101. A driving groove 104 corresponding to the movable groove 203 is opened at the bottom of the claw seat 101. The first claw group 102 includes a first pressure block 105 arranged on the relative claw seat 101, a first pressure plate 106 is arranged on the outer side of the first pressure block 105, and an outer support pad 107 is fixed on the outer side of the first pressure plate 106. The second claw group 103 includes a second pressure block 108 arranged on another pair of claw seats 101, a second pressure plate 109 is fixedly arranged at the rear end of the second pressure block 108, the lower surfaces of the second pressure block 108 and the second pressure plate 109 are higher than the upper surfaces of the first pressure block 105 and the first pressure plate 106, and an inner clamping pad 110 is arranged on the inner side of the first pressure block 105 and the second pressure block 108.

[0050] In the above-mentioned jaw assembly 100, the jaw assembly 100 has two different working modes, one is to use the outer support pad 107 to lift the inner ring of the workpiece to be clamped, thereby eliminating the remaining tail material. The other is similar to the clamping method of the traditional chuck, using the inner clamp pad 110 to clamp the outer ring of the workpiece to be clamped. Different from the long section overhang of the traditional L-shaped jaw, the method adopted by the present invention is: using the stacked first pressure block 105, the first pressure plate 106 and the second pressure block 108, the second pressure plate 109, the overhang length is only the thickness of the first pressure block 105 and the second pressure block 108, compared with the traditional L-shaped jaw, the overhang length is very short, so the clamping force and clamping accuracy are very high, due to the short overhang length, the remaining processing tail material is also less than the traditional L-shaped jaw, and the economic benefit is higher. The jaw seat is made of 42CrMo low-carbon alloy steel material, and the final heat treatment adopts nitriding treatment to ensure the size, roughness and shape and position tolerances.

[0051] The cylinder assembly 300 includes a driving part and a connecting part. The driving part includes a rear cover 301, a front cover 302, and a cylinder body 303 arranged between the front cover 302 and the rear cover 301. The rear cover 301 is provided with an air guide hole 304. The rear end of the air guide hole 304 is fixedly connected to an air guide column 305. A piston 306 is placed in a cavity surrounded by the rear cover 301, the front cover 302, and the cylinder body 303. A piston rod 307 is provided at the front end of the piston 306, which passes through the front cover 302 and extends forward. A connecting part is fixed at the front end of the front cover 302. The connecting part includes an inner connecting sleeve 308 and an outer connecting sleeve 309. The outer connecting sleeve 309 is fixedly connected to the front cover 302. The inner connecting sleeve 308 is fixedly connected to the piston rod 307. The front ends of the inner connecting sleeve 308 and the outer connecting sleeve 309 are both provided with a second chain plate 310. The hinge plates 311 are movably connected to the two sides of the second chain plate 310 through a latch. The other end of the hinge plate 311 is movably connected to the connecting rod 312 through a latch. The connecting rod 312 includes an integrally formed rotating portion 313 and a connecting portion 314. The end of the rotating portion 313 passes through the movable groove 203 and is embedded in the driving groove 104 and rotates. The connecting portion 314 has pin holes 315 at both ends. The first chain plate 202 is movably connected to the pin hole 315 on the side of the connecting portion 314 close to the rotating portion 313 through a latch. The rotating portion 313 of the connecting rod 312 and the connecting portion 314 form an angle of 120 degrees.

[0052] In the above-mentioned cylinder assembly 300, the driving part includes the front cover 302, the rear cover 301, the cylinder body 303, the piston 306, the piston rod 307 and other parts. The rear cover 301 is provided with an air guide hole 304 to facilitate the intake of an external air source, thereby pushing the piston 306 and the piston rod 307 to move. In this process, the piston rod 307 drives the inner connecting sleeve 308 of the connecting part to work. When the connecting rod 312 moves to the corresponding position, the cylinder body 303 moves backward, driving the outer connecting sleeve 309 to move. A second chain plate 310 is provided at the front end of the inner connecting sleeve 308 and the outer connecting sleeve 309, and is movably connected through a latch and a hinge plate 311, and the other end of the hinge plate 311 is movably connected to the first chain plate 202. When the inner connecting sleeve 308 or the outer connecting sleeve 309 moves forward, the rotating portion 313 of the connecting rod 312 is forced to move toward the center of the chuck body 200, thereby driving the claw seat 101 and the claw assembly 100 to close and complete the clamping, and vice versa, driving the claw assembly 100 to release. The claw assembly 100 uses different claw assemblies 100 according to the different pipe fittings, and adopts a building block design, which is more flexible to replace.

[0053] The cylinder steel is guaranteed to be leak-proof, have constant force, and be durable, and the minimum driving air pressure is not greater than 0.2Mpa; the inner connecting sleeve 308 is made of 42CrMo low-carbon alloy steel, and the final heat treatment is nitriding treatment to ensure the relative sliding size, roughness and form and position tolerance of the inner connecting sleeve 308; the outer connecting sleeve 309 is fixed to the front cover 302 by screws, and the screw grade is 12.9. The outer connecting sleeve 309 is also made of 42CrMo low-carbon alloy steel, and the final heat treatment is nitriding treatment to ensure the relative sliding size, roughness and form and position tolerance; the hinge plate 311 and connecting rod 312 connected to the inner and outer connecting sleeves 309 are also made of 42CrMo low-carbon alloy steel, and the final heat treatment is quenching treatment to ensure that the hardness of the hinge plate 311 and the connecting rod 312 reaches above HRC50, enhance wear resistance, and extend service life.

[0054] The bearing seat assembly 500 includes a bearing seat, a keyway 501 is provided on the bottom surface of the bearing seat, two bearings 502 are axially arranged inside the bearing seat, a spacer sleeve 503 is provided between the bearings 502, the rear end of the guide block outer cover 400 is narrowed to pass through the bearing 502 and the reducer 600 and is fixedly connected to the rear cover 301 plate, the rear end of the rear cover 301 plate is fixedly connected to the air pump assembly, the pump air assembly 700 includes a flange 701 fixedly connected to the rear end of the rear cover 301 plate and an air path distributor 702 movably arranged on the flange 701, air inlets 703 are provided on both sides of the air path distributor 702, and the air inlets 703 are connected to an external air source.

[0055] In the above-mentioned bearing seat assembly 500, there is a keyway 501 on the bottom surface of the bearing seat, and the bottom surface is fully processed all around to ensure the shape and position tolerances, and the assembly has a better reference to ensure the assembly accuracy. There are also two threads on the bottom surface of the bearing 502, which are used to lift the bearing seat to facilitate the adjustment and heightening of the rear chuck.

[0056] The rear end of the gas path distributor 702 is fixedly connected to the anti-rotation plate 704 , the anti-rotation plate 704 is zigzag-shaped, and the other end of the anti-rotation plate 704 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the reducer 600 .

[0057] In the above-mentioned air distributor 702, one end of the anti-rotation plate 704 is fixed on the reducer 600, and the other end is fixed to the rear end of the air distributor 702 through two adjustable hexagonal screws to prevent the air distributor 702 from rotating with the lathe spindle and also prevent the air pipe from rotating.

[0058] The reducer 600 includes a driven gear 601 fixedly connected to the front end of the rear cover 301 plate, and a gear cover shell 602 fixedly connected to the rear end of the bearing seat. The gear cover shell 602 includes a first cover chamber 603 fixedly connected to the rear end of the bearing seat and a second cover chamber 604 integrally formed at the outer edge of the first cover chamber 603. A driving gear 605 meshing with the driven gear 601 is arranged in the second cover chamber 604. A reducer flange 606 is arranged at the rear end of the second cover chamber 604. Two symmetrical proximity switch seats 607 are arranged at the rear end of the first cover chamber 603. A proximity switch 608 is arranged in the proximity switch seat 607.

[0059] An adjustment plate is provided on the side of the reducer flange 606, and an adjustment threaded hole 610 is provided on the adjustment plate. An adjustment screw 611 is provided in the adjustment threaded hole 610, and the adjustment screw 611 extends through the second cover chamber 604. The adjustment plate 609 and the adjustment screw 612 of the reducer 600 are used to adjust the meshing side clearance between the driving gear 605 and the driven gear 601, which is convenient for adjustment.

[0060] An inspection window 612 is provided on the side of the second cover chamber 604, and an inspection panel 613 is provided outside the inspection window 612 for routine maintenance work.

[0061] A circular pressure plate 204 is disposed at the front end of the chuck body 200 . The circular pressure plate 204 is in a quarter circle shape. The straight edge of the circular pressure plate 204 exceeds the side of the moving groove 201 but does not touch it. A dust baffle 205 is disposed at the front end of the circular pressure plate 204 .

[0062] The circular pressure plate 204 extends beyond the side of the moving groove 201, so that the originally straight moving groove 201 becomes a T-shaped groove, preventing the claw seat 101 from leaving the moving groove 201, and the dust baffle 205 has a good dustproof effect, preventing dust from falling into the cylinder assembly 300, and also limiting the claw assemblies 100 from being completely fitted together, protecting the claw assemblies 100. The dust baffle 205 is welded by sheet metal, and is mainly used to prevent small dust generated by cutting, so as to prevent dust from falling into the T-shaped groove and causing jamming; the crossbow plate on the dust baffle 205 is mainly used for positioning and supporting the processed pipe fittings.

Claims

1. A rear chuck for a laser cutting machine, characterized in that: The invention comprises a claw assembly (100), a chuck body (200), a cylinder assembly (300), a guide block outer cover (400), a bearing seat assembly (500), a reducer (600) and a pump assembly (700) which are sequentially arranged along the axial direction. The front end of the chuck body (200) is provided with two mutually perpendicular movable grooves (201). The rear end of the chuck body (200) is provided with four groups of first chain plates (202) corresponding to the movable grooves (201). The first chain plates are provided with movable grooves (203). The jaw assembly (100) is mounted on the front end of the chuck body (200), the cylinder assembly (300) is mounted on the rear end of the chuck body (200) and passes through the chuck body (200) to drive the jaw assembly (100) to open and close, the guide block outer cover (400) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the cylinder assembly (300) and is arranged between the bearing seat assembly (500) and the chuck body (200), the reducer (600) is arranged at the rear end of the bearing seat assembly (500), and the jaw assembly (100) is installed on the rear end of the chuck body (200). 00) comprises four claw seats (101) which can slide along the movable groove (201), and a first claw group (102) and a second claw group (103) which are arranged on the claw seats (101) relative to each other, a driving groove (104) corresponding to the movable groove (203) is opened at the bottom of the claw seat (101), the first claw group (102) comprises a first pressing block (105) which is arranged on the relative claw seat (101), a first pressing plate (106) is arranged on the outer side of the first pressing block (105), and the first pressing plate (106) is arranged on the outer side of the first pressing block (105). An outer support pad (107) is fixed on the outer side of the plate (106); the second clamping claw group (103) includes a second pressing block (108) arranged on another pair of clamping claw seats (101); a second pressing plate (109) is fixedly arranged at the rear end of the second pressing block (108); the lower surfaces of the second pressing block (108) and the second pressing plate (109) are higher than the upper surfaces of the first pressing block (105) and the first pressing plate (106); and an inner clamping pad (110) is arranged on the inner side of the first pressing block (105) and the second pressing block (108).

2. A rear chuck for a laser cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder assembly (300) comprises a driving part and a connecting part. The driving part comprises a rear cover (301), a front cover (302) and a cylinder body (303) arranged between the front cover (302) and the rear cover (301). The rear cover (301) is provided with an air guide hole (304). The rear end of the air guide hole (304) is fixedly connected to an air guide column (305). A piston (306) is arranged in a cavity surrounded by the rear cover (301), the front cover (302) and the cylinder body (303). A piston rod (307) is arranged at the front end of the piston (306) and passes through the front cover (302) and extends forward. A connecting part is fixed at the front end of the front cover (302). The connecting part comprises an inner connecting sleeve (308) and an outer connecting sleeve (309). The outer connecting sleeve (309) is fixedly connected to the front cover (302). The inner connecting sleeve (308) is fixedly connected to the piston rod (307), and the front ends of the inner connecting sleeve (308) and the outer connecting sleeve (309) are both provided with a second chain plate (310). The two sides of the second chain plate (310) are movably connected with hinge plates (311) through a latch, and the other end of the hinge plate (311) is movably connected with a connecting rod (312) through a latch, and the connecting rod (312) includes an integrally formed rotating part (313) and a connecting part (314). The end of the rotating part (313) passes through the movable groove (203) and is embedded in the driving groove (104) and rotates. Pin shaft holes (315) are provided at both ends of the connecting part (314), and the first chain plate (202) is movably connected with the pin shaft hole (315) of the connecting part (314) close to the rotating part (313) through a latch.

3. The rear chuck for a laser cutting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating portion (313) of the connecting rod (312) and the connecting portion (314) form an angle of 90-180 degrees.

4. The rear chuck for a laser cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bearing seat assembly (500) includes a bearing seat, a keyway (501) is provided on the bottom surface of the bearing seat, two bearings (502) are axially arranged in the bearing seat, a spacer (503) is provided between the bearings (502), the rear end of the guide block outer cover (400) is narrowed to pass through the bearing (502) and the reducer (600) and is fixedly connected to the rear cover (301) plate, the rear end of the rear cover (301) plate is fixedly connected to the air pump assembly, the pump air assembly (700) includes a flange (701) fixedly connected to the rear end of the rear cover (301) plate and an air path distributor (702) movably arranged on the flange (701), air inlets (703) are provided on both sides of the air path distributor (702), and the air inlets (703) are connected to an external air source.

5. The rear chuck for a laser cutting machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rear end of the gas path distributor (702) is fixedly connected to the anti-rotation plate (704), the anti-rotation plate (704) is zigzag-shaped, and the other end of the anti-rotation plate (704) is fixedly connected to the rear end of the reducer (600).

6. The rear chuck for a laser cutting machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The reducer (600) comprises a driven gear (601) fixedly connected to the front end of the rear cover (301) plate, and a gear cover housing (602) fixedly connected to the rear end of the bearing seat. The gear cover housing (602) comprises a first cover chamber (603) fixedly connected to the rear end of the bearing seat, and a second cover chamber (604) integrally formed at the outer edge of the first cover chamber (603). A driving gear (605) meshing with the driven gear (601) is arranged in the second cover chamber (604). A reducer flange (606) is arranged at the rear end of the second cover chamber (604). Two to four symmetrical proximity switch seats (607) are arranged at the rear end of the first cover chamber (603), and a proximity switch (608) is arranged in the proximity switch seat (607).

7. The rear chuck for a laser cutting machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: An adjustment plate is provided on the side of the reducer flange (606), and an adjustment threaded hole (610) is opened on the adjustment plate. An adjustment screw (611) is fitted in the adjustment threaded hole (610), and the adjustment screw passes through the second cover chamber (604) and extends.

8. The rear chuck for a laser cutting machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: A maintenance window (612) is provided on the side of the second cover chamber (604), and a maintenance panel (613) is provided outside the maintenance window (612).

9. The rear chuck for a laser cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circular pressure plate (204) is provided at the front end of the chuck body (200). The circular pressure plate (204) is in the shape of a quarter circle. The straight edge of the circular pressure plate (204) exceeds the side of the movable groove (201) but does not contact the side. A dust baffle (205) is provided at the front end of the circular pressure plate (204).

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