Microplastic separation device

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of microplastic separation, and provides a microplastic separation device. The microplastic separation device comprises: a separation box, with a liquid outlet formed at the top and a liquid inlet formed at the bottom; a collection box, with the liquid outlet connected at the top and the liquid inlet connected at the bottom, so as to form a circulation loop between the separation box and the collection box; a vortex mechanism, installed in the separation box, configured to form a vortex water flow from the introduced extract so that the microplastics are separated from the object to be separated and enter the collection box through the liquid outlet. When the vortex mechanism is working, the extract generates a vortex water flow near the vortex mechanism to flush the object to be separated. The microplastics are suspended in the extract due to their low density, and enter the collection box through the liquid outlet as the vortex water flow rises, thereby achieving separation between the microplastics and other components of the object to be separated. Since a circulation loop is formed between the separation box and the collection box, the microplastic separation device can achieve complete separation of the microplastics.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of microplastic separation, in particular to a microplastic separation device. Background Art

[0002] Microplastics are usually a general term for different forms of plastics with a diameter of less than 5 mm, including plastic particles, microfibers, foam plastics, etc. They are often difficult to distinguish with the naked eye and are vividly called "PM2.5 in the sea (particles with an equivalent diameter of less than or equal to 2.5 microns)". Various types of plastics discharged by humans in daily life have become smaller microplastics under the influence of natural conditions, but they cannot be completely degraded.

[0003] Take microplastics in seawater as an example. In a hydrodynamic environment, microplastics will undergo physical, chemical, and biological reactions such as drift, sedimentation, resuspension, biological migration, and adsorption of organic pollutants. Microplastics are swallowed by multiple levels of the food chain during the above reactions. Since microplastics cannot be digested, they will cause illness or death to a large number of organisms. Therefore, microplastic pollution in seawater has seriously threatened the survival of marine life and human health.

[0004] Among them, microplastics in seawater will adhere to seawater sediments during the sedimentation process. In order to provide specific data for marine environmental monitoring and pollution control, it is necessary to collect microplastics in seawater sediments and test and study their morphology and concentration. At present, the collection method of microplastics in seawater has not been standardized, and the collection equipment is relatively backward. The common detection method of sediment microplastics is to collect a certain amount of sediment through a sampler and pull it back to the laboratory for filtration analysis. In addition, in the separation process of microplastics, the separation of silt and microplastics is not complete. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention provides a microplastic separation device, which can achieve complete separation of microplastics.

[0006] The embodiment of the present invention provides a microplastic separation device, comprising:

[0007] A separation box body, with a liquid outlet formed at the upper portion and a liquid inlet formed at the lower portion;

[0008] A collecting box, the upper part of which is connected to the liquid outlet, and the lower part of which is connected to the liquid inlet, so as to form a circulation loop between the separation box and the collecting box;

[0009] A vortex mechanism is installed on the separation box, and the vortex mechanism is configured to form a vortex water flow of the introduced extraction liquid so that the microplastics are separated from the objects to be separated and enter the collection box through the liquid outlet.

[0010] According to the microplastic separation device of the embodiment of the present invention, the object to be separated is located in the separation box, and the extraction liquid is injected into the separation box. When the vortex mechanism is working, the extraction liquid generates a vortex-shaped water flow near the vortex mechanism to flush the object to be separated. Since the density of microplastics is less than that of most other components of the object to be separated, the microplastics are suspended in the extraction liquid, and then enter the collection box through the liquid outlet as the vortex-shaped water flow rises, thereby achieving separation between the microplastics and other components of the object to be separated. In addition, since a circulation loop is formed between the separation box and the collection box, the extraction liquid can circulate between the separation box and the collection box until all the microplastics in the object to be separated enter the collection box, and then the vortex mechanism is closed, so that this type of microplastic separation device can achieve complete separation of microplastics.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the separation box body includes a conical box body and an inverted conical box body, the conical box body is located above the inverted conical box body, and the liquid outlet is formed on a side wall of the conical box body.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the separation box body also includes a columnar box body, the columnar box body is located below the inverted conical box body, the liquid inlet is located on the side wall of the columnar box body, the conical box body includes a removable top plate, the columnar box body includes a removable bottom plate, and the vortex mechanism is installed on the bottom plate.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a filter is provided in the collection box, a flushing port formed on the side wall of the collection box is provided above the filter, a recoil nozzle is provided below the filter, an opening is formed on the recoil nozzle facing the corresponding filter, and the aperture of the opening is smaller than the aperture of the filter.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the number of the filter screens is multiple layers, and the filter diameters of the multiple layers of the filter screens gradually decrease from top to bottom, the flushing port is provided above each layer of the filter screen, and the recoil nozzle is provided below each layer of the filter screen.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the collection box includes a first box, a second box and a third box arranged in sequence; the first box and the second box, as well as the second box and the third box are connected by flange surfaces, and a layer of the filter is installed in each of the first box, the second box and the third box.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the present invention, it also includes:

[0017] A first liquid storage tank, located between the liquid outlet and the collection box;

[0018] The liquid outlet is connected to the first liquid storage tank via a first pipe section, the first liquid storage tank is connected to the collection box via a second pipe section, a filter is provided at the inlet end of the first pipe section, and a first control valve is provided at the second pipe section.

[0019] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the second pipe segment extends into the collection box, and the second pipe segment includes a main pipe segment and a plurality of extension pipe segments that form a set angle with the main pipe segment, and the plurality of extension pipe segments are distributed around the main pipe segment.

[0020] According to one embodiment of the present invention, it also includes:

[0021] The second liquid storage tank is connected to the flushing port and the recoil nozzle.

[0022] According to one embodiment of the present invention, it also includes:

[0023] A first liquid storage tank, located between the liquid outlet and the collection box;

[0024] The liquid outlet is connected to the first liquid storage tank via a first pipe section, the first liquid storage tank is connected to the collecting box via a second pipe section, a filter is provided at the inlet end of the first pipe section, and a first control valve is provided at the second pipe section;

[0025] A second liquid storage tank is connected to the flushing port and the recoil nozzle, and a second control valve is provided between the second liquid storage tank and the flushing port and the recoil nozzle;

[0026] A first pressure gauge, used to detect the hydraulic pressure in the space above the filter in the first housing;

[0027] A second pressure gauge, used to detect the hydraulic pressure in the space below the filter screen in the third box;

[0028] The controller is connected to the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge, and controls the first control valve to be disconnected and the second control valve to be opened when the pressure difference between the first pressure value measured by the first pressure gauge and the second pressure value measured by the second pressure gauge gradually increases until it becomes stable.

[0029] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0031] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a microplastic separation device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram with a partial cross-sectional effect of a microplastic separation device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the installation of the filter element of the microplastic separation device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a microplastic separation device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 is an exploded schematic diagram of a collection box provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Reference numerals:

[0037] 1. Separation box; 2. Vortex mechanism; 3. Bottom plate; 4. First pipe section; 5. First liquid storage tank; 6. Second liquid storage tank; 7. First control valve; 8. Second control valve; 9. Second pipe section; 10. Collection box; 101. Top cover; 102. Adapter; 103. First box; 104. Recoil nozzle; 105. Second box; 106. Bottom cover; 107. Drain pipe; 108. Filter; 109. Third box; 11. Recoil pipe; 111. First recoil branch; 112. Second recoil branch; 12. First pressure gauge; 13. Second pressure gauge; 14. Liquid inlet pipe; 15. Booster pump; 16. Filter element. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0039] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0040] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0041] In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "above" and "above" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below" and "below" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0042] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiment of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0043] See also Figures 1 to 5According to an embodiment of the present invention, the microplastic separation device comprises a separation box 1, a collection box 10 and a vortex mechanism 2. The separation box 1 has a liquid outlet formed at the top and a liquid inlet formed at the bottom; the collection box 10 has a liquid outlet connected at the top and a liquid inlet connected at the bottom to form a circulation loop between the separation box 1 and the collection box 10; the vortex mechanism 2 is installed on the separation box 1, and the vortex mechanism 2 is configured to form a vortex-shaped water flow with the introduced extracting liquid, so that the microplastics are separated from the object to be separated and enter the collection box 10 through the liquid outlet.

[0044] According to the microplastic separation device of the embodiment of the present invention, the object to be separated is located in the separation box 1, and the extraction liquid is injected into the separation box 1. When the vortex mechanism 2 is working, the extraction liquid generates a vortex-shaped water flow near the vortex mechanism 2 to flush the object to be separated. Since the density of microplastics is less than that of most other components of the object to be separated, the microplastics are suspended in the extraction liquid, and then, as the vortex-shaped water flow rises, it enters the collection box 10 through the liquid outlet, thereby achieving separation between the microplastics and other components of the object to be separated. In addition, since a circulation loop is formed between the separation box 1 and the collection box 10, the extraction liquid can circulate between the separation box 1 and the collection box 10 until all the microplastics in the object to be separated enter the collection box 10, and then the vortex mechanism 2 is closed, and then this type of microplastic separation device can achieve complete separation of microplastics.

[0045] According to the microplastic separation device of the embodiment of the present invention, the separation box 1 refers to a box for accommodating objects to be separated, and the collection box 10 refers to a box for collecting microplastics. For the sake of distinction, they are named as the separation box 1 and the collection box 10 respectively. It should be understood that the separation box 1 and the collection box 10 can adopt any box structure disclosed in the prior art. In addition, the embodiment of the present invention is described by taking the separation of microplastics in seawater sediments as an example. Without loss of generality, the microplastic separation device of the embodiment of the present invention can also be used for the separation of microplastics in other objects to be separated.

[0046] According to the microplastic separation device of the embodiment of the present invention, the type of the extracting liquid is not limited and depends on the specific situation. For example, the extracting liquid can be a sodium chloride solution.

[0047] According to the microplastic separation device of the embodiment of the present invention, the separation box 1 includes a conical box, and the liquid outlet is formed on the side wall of the conical box. After the extraction liquid is injected into the separation box 1, the height of the liquid level never exceeds the liquid outlet. When the vortex mechanism 2 is started to form a vortex water flow, the vortex water flow carries the microplastics and is discharged from the liquid outlet. The setting of the conical box can not only facilitate the vortex water flow to pass through the liquid outlet, but also complete the extraction of microplastics with less extraction liquid, thereby saving the extraction liquid.

[0048] In one embodiment, the separation box 1 and the scroll mechanism 2 or other accessories together constitute a scroll type separation box.

[0049] According to the microplastic separation device of the embodiment of the present invention, the lower part of the separation box 1 includes an inverted cone box, and the separation box 1 can facilitate the formation of a vortex water flow through the lower inverted cone box.

[0050] In one embodiment, the above-mentioned conical box body and inverted conical box body can be provided at the same time, and the conical box body is located above the inverted conical box body, so that the obtained separation box body 1 can have the above-mentioned advantages of facilitating the outflow of the extract carrying microplastics, saving the extract, and facilitating the formation of a vortex water flow.

[0051] According to the microplastic separation device of the embodiment of the present invention, the separation box 1 includes not only the above-mentioned conical box and inverted conical box, but also a columnar box, and the columnar box is located below the inverted conical box. In this case, the liquid inlet is located on the side wall of the columnar box, and the liquid outlet is located on the side wall of the conical box, so that when the extract in the microplastic separation device circulates between the separation box 1 and the collection box 10, the extract enters the separation box 1 from the liquid inlet and flows out of the separation box 1 from the liquid outlet. Among them, the conical box includes a detachable top plate to facilitate the placement of the object to be separated into the separation box 1. In addition, the columnar box includes a detachable bottom plate 3, and the vortex mechanism 2 is installed on the bottom plate 3, that is, the detachable bottom plate 3 is provided to facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the vortex mechanism 2.

[0052] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a filter screen 108 is disposed in the collection box 10, and a flushing port formed on the side wall of the collection box 10 is disposed above the filter screen 108, and a recoil nozzle 104 is disposed below each layer of the filter screen 108. When the filter screen 108 is clogged, the flushing port and the recoil nozzle 104 can be opened to flush the filter screen 108 to solve the clogging problem of the filter screen 108. The flushing port can flush the filter screen 108 in a horizontal direction or a nearly horizontal direction to avoid accumulation above the filter screen 108. At this time, the recoil nozzle 104 flushes the filter screen 108 from bottom to top, and the particles blocked in the mesh of the filter screen 108 can be flushed out.

[0053] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a multi-layer filter screen 108 is provided in the collection box 10, and the filter diameter of the multi-layer filter screen 108 gradually decreases from top to bottom. When the extract carrying microplastics passes from the upper part of the collection box 10 into the collection box 10, the extract carrying microplastics passes through the multi-layer filter screen 108 from top to bottom. Since the filter diameter of the filter screen 108 gradually decreases from top to bottom, the microplastics with the largest size stay on the top layer of the filter screen 108, and the size of the microplastics on the filter screen 108 becomes smaller as it goes down. Furthermore, this type of collection box 10 can achieve multi-stage filtration, and separate microplastics of different sizes through filter screens 108 of different sizes, and its separation efficiency is high and the operation is convenient.

[0054] In one embodiment, when there are multiple layers of filter screens 108 in the collection box 10, a flushing port is provided above each layer of filter screen 108, and a backwashing nozzle 104 is provided below each layer of filter screen 108, thereby solving the clogging problem of each layer of filter screen 108 through the cooperation of the flushing port and the backwashing nozzle 104.

[0055] In one embodiment, the recoil nozzle 104 is formed with an opening facing the corresponding filter 108, and the aperture of the opening is smaller than the aperture of the filter 108. When there is only one layer of the filter 108, the aperture of the opening of the recoil nozzle 104 is smaller than the aperture of the filter 108 of the layer; when there are multiple layers of the filter 108, the aperture of the opening of the recoil nozzle 104 is smaller than the aperture of all the filters 108, thereby preventing impurities from entering the recoil nozzle 104.

[0056] In one embodiment, the collection box 10 includes a first box 103, a second box 105, and a third box 109 arranged in sequence; the first box 103 and the second box 105, as well as the second box 105 and the third box 109 are connected by flange surfaces, and a layer of filter screen 108 is installed in the first box 103, the second box 105, and the third box 109. Since the three boxes of the collection box 10 (i.e., the first box 103, the second box 105, and the third box 109) are connected by flange surfaces, the reliability of the connection can be guaranteed. After the separation of microplastics is completed, the three boxes can be disassembled to facilitate the acquisition of microplastics on each layer of filter screen 108.

[0057] In one embodiment, the collecting box 10 is a cylindrical barrel. Of course, the examples given here are not enough to limit the collecting box 10, and the collecting box 10 can also adopt any other feasible structural mode.

[0058] In one embodiment, the first box body 103 includes a detachable top cover 101, and the third box body 109 includes a detachable bottom cover 106. For example, the top cover 101 of the first box body 103 and the bottom cover 106 of the third box body 109 can be assembled and disassembled by means of threads.

[0059] In one embodiment, the side walls of the first box 103, the second box 105 and the third box 109 are respectively formed with two through holes, and the two through holes are respectively located above and below the corresponding filter screen 108, and the through hole located above the filter screen 108 forms a flushing port. Figure 4 , adapters 102 can be installed at the two through-hole positions, and the adapters 102 can be fixed by welding or other methods. The upper adapter 102 is connected to the first recoil branch 111; one end of the lower adapter 102 is connected to the second recoil branch 112, and the other end is connected to the recoil nozzle 104. When the filter screen 108 has three layers, the microplastic separation device is correspondingly provided with three first recoil branches 111 and three second recoil branches 112.

[0060] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the microplastic separation device further includes a first liquid storage tank 5, wherein the first tank body 103 is located between the liquid outlet and the collection tank body 10, that is, located downstream of the liquid outlet and located upstream of the collection tank body 10, and then the extracting liquid carrying microplastics flows out of the separation tank body 1 from the liquid outlet and enters the first liquid storage tank 5. By arranging the first liquid storage tank 5 between the liquid outlet and the collection tank body 10, even if the collection tank body 10 is blocked, it can not affect the separation operation in the separation tank body 1, and the extracting liquid can always carry microplastics into the first liquid storage tank 5.

[0061] In one embodiment, the first liquid storage tank 5 is located upstream of the collecting box 10, and the first liquid storage tank 5 is located above the collecting box 10, so that after the microplastic separation is completed, all the extraction liquid in the microplastic separation device can be discharged through the collecting box 10 (through the drain pipe 107 at the bottom of the collecting box 10) for next use.

[0062] In one embodiment, the liquid outlet and the first liquid storage tank 5 are connected through the first pipe section 4, the first liquid storage tank 5 and the collection box 10 are connected through the second pipe section 9, and a filter 16 is provided at the inlet end of the first pipe section 4. By providing the filter 16 at the inlet end of the first pipe section 4, the extraction liquid carrying microplastics will first be filtered by the filter 16 when entering the first pipe section 4, thereby preventing large particles of sediment from entering the collection box 10, so as to further ensure the separation effect of microplastics.

[0063] Since the size of microplastics is generally less than 5 mm in diameter (it is not required that the microplastics be regular spheres or circles, so the "diameter" here is just an example), the filtering size of the filter element 16 can be 5 mm, or it can be greater than 5 mm, based on ensuring that the microplastics can enter the first pipe section 4. Compared with the subsequent filter screen 108, the filter element 16 here can use a primary filter screen, that is, compared with the filter screen 108, the filter element 16 only plays a primary filtering role.

[0064] In one embodiment, the second pipe section 9 is provided with a first control valve 7. When a blockage occurs in the collection box 10, the first control valve 7 disconnects the second pipe section 9 so that the solution in the first liquid storage tank 5 no longer enters the collection box 10. At this time, the filter screen 108 can be backwashed through the flushing port and the backwashing nozzle 104 to solve the problem of blockage of the collection box 10.

[0065] In one embodiment, the second pipe section 9 extends into the collection box 10, and the second pipe section 9 includes a main pipe section and a plurality of extension pipe sections at a set angle to the main pipe section, and the plurality of extension pipe sections are distributed around the main pipe section. By setting the extension pipe sections, the microplastics can be relatively evenly distributed on the surface of the filter screen 108, avoiding blockage caused by the deposition of microplastic particles.

[0066] In one embodiment, the main pipe section and the extension pipe section are perpendicular. At this time, if there are two extension pipe sections, the two extension pipe sections and the main pipe section are similar to a T-shape. Of course, the angle between the main pipe section and the plurality of extension pipe sections is not limited by the example given here. In addition, the number of extension pipe sections can also be more than three.

[0067] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the microplastic separation device further comprises a second liquid storage tank 6, which is connected to the flushing port and the backwashing nozzle 104. The second liquid storage tank 6 stores the extraction liquid, and when blockage occurs in the collection box 10, the second liquid storage tank 6 provides the flushing port and the backwashing nozzle 104 with the extraction liquid.

[0068] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the microplastic separation device includes the above-mentioned first liquid storage tank 5 and second liquid storage tank 6. Among them, the first liquid storage tank 5 and the liquid outlet are connected through the first pipe section 4, and the first liquid storage tank 5 and the collection box 10 are connected through the second pipe section 9. The inlet end of the first pipe section 4 is provided with a filter 16, and the second pipe section 9 is provided with a first control valve 7. A second control valve 8 is provided between the second liquid storage tank 6 and the flushing port and the recoil nozzle 104. For example, the second liquid storage tank 6 is connected to the flushing port and the recoil nozzle 104 through the recoil pipe 11, and the second control valve 8 is provided on the recoil pipe 11. On this basis, when the collection box 10 includes the first box 103, the second box 105 and the third box 109, the microplastic separation device also includes a first pressure gauge 12, a second pressure gauge 13 and a controller. The first pressure gauge 12 is used to detect the hydraulic pressure in the space above the filter 108 in the first box 103, and the second pressure gauge 13 is used to detect the hydraulic pressure in the space below the filter 108 in the third box 109. The controller connects the first pressure gauge 12 and the second pressure gauge 13. When the pressure difference between the first pressure value measured by the first pressure gauge 12 and the second pressure value measured by the second pressure gauge 13 gradually increases until it stabilizes, the first control valve 7 is controlled to be disconnected and the second control valve 8 is controlled to be opened.

[0069] Among them, when the pressure difference between the first pressure value measured by the first pressure gauge 12 and the second pressure value measured by the second pressure gauge 13 gradually increases, it means that in the collection box 10, the microplastic particles are gradually deposited on the filter 108, and the flow through the filter 108 gradually decreases, resulting in a change in the pressure value. When the pressure difference between the first pressure value measured by the first pressure gauge 12 and the second pressure value measured by the second pressure gauge 13 tends to be stable, it means that at least one layer of the filter 108 is blocked. Then, the first control valve 7 is disconnected at this time, so that the extract carrying microplastics no longer enters the collection box 10. The second control valve 8 is opened, so that the extract in the second liquid storage tank 6 flushes the filter 108 through the flushing port and the backwashing nozzle 104 to solve the problem of blockage.

[0070] In one embodiment, a pressure gauge may be provided for each layer of the filter screen 108 , and the blocked filter screen 108 may be determined based on the pressure value change of each pressure gauge, and the flushing port and the backwash nozzle 104 may be opened in a targeted manner.

[0071] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a liquid inlet pipe 14 is connected between the lower portion of the collection box 10 and the liquid inlet port, and the liquid inlet pipe 14 is provided with a booster pump 15, and the booster pump 15 drives the extraction liquid to circulate in the circulation loop.

[0072] In one embodiment, a drain pipe 107 is provided at the bottom of the collection box 10. After the separation of the microplastics is completed, the drain pipe 107 can be opened to discharge the impurities at the bottom of the collection box 10.

[0073] The microplastic separation device of the embodiment of the present invention is used to separate microplastics, including: first, placing seawater sediment at the bottom of the separation box 1. Adding an appropriate amount of extracting liquid into the first liquid storage tank 5 and the second liquid storage tank 6, closing the second control valve 8, opening the first control valve 7, starting the booster pump 15 and the vortex mechanism 2, and the extracting liquid in the first liquid storage tank 5 flows through the collection box 10 and enters the bottom of the separation box 1, and forms a vortex-shaped water flow through the vortex mechanism 2 to flush the sediment. Since the density of microplastics is less than that of other components of the sediment, the microplastics are suspended in the extracting liquid, and then rise to the liquid outlet with the vortex-shaped water flow and flow back to the first liquid storage tank 5 through the filter element 16 through the first pipe section 4, and then pass through the collection box 10 through the multi-stage filter 108 to achieve graded filtration and enrichment of microplastics. The extracting liquid enters the separation box 1 again through the booster pump 15 to continue to extract microplastic particles.

[0074] During the operation of the microplastic separation device, when the pressure difference between the first pressure gauge 12 and the second pressure gauge 13 on the collection box 10 gradually increases until it stabilizes, it indicates that the filter screen 108 in the collection box 10 is clogged. At this time, the first control valve 7 is closed and the second control valve 8 is opened. The extracting liquid in the second liquid storage tank 6 simultaneously flushes the upper and lower surfaces of the filter screen 108 through the flushing port and the backflushing nozzle 104, and this part of the extracting liquid will finally be passed into the separation box 1 for microplastic extraction.

[0075] When the difference between the values ​​displayed by the first pressure gauge 12 and the second pressure gauge 13 returns to the original difference, it means that the filter 108 is backwashed, the second control valve 8 is closed, and the first control valve 7 is opened to continue filtering the microplastics. After several cycles, until the microplastics are basically separated, the vortex mechanism 2, the booster pump 15, the first control valve 7 and the second control valve 8 are closed, and the drain pipe 107 at the bottom of the collection box 10 is opened to drain the extract in the collection box 10, and the microplastics in the seawater sediment are graded and separated.

[0076] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the present invention. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various combinations, modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solutions of the present invention do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A microplastic separation device, characterized in that: include: A separation box body, with a liquid outlet formed at the upper portion and a liquid inlet formed at the lower portion; A collecting box, the upper part of which is connected to the liquid outlet, and the lower part of which is connected to the liquid inlet, so as to form a circulation loop between the separation box and the collecting box, wherein a filter screen is arranged in the collecting box, and a flushing port formed on the side wall of the collecting box is arranged above each layer of the filter screen, and a recoil nozzle is arranged below each layer of the filter screen, and the collecting box comprises a first box, a second box and a third box which are arranged in sequence, and a layer of the filter screen is respectively installed in the first box, the second box and the third box; A vortex mechanism is installed in the separation box, and the vortex mechanism is configured to form a vortex water flow of the introduced extraction liquid, so that the microplastics are separated from the objects to be separated and enter the collection box through the liquid outlet; A first liquid storage tank, located between the liquid outlet and the collection box; The liquid outlet is connected to the first liquid storage tank via a first pipe section, the first liquid storage tank is connected to the collecting box via a second pipe section, a filter is provided at the inlet end of the first pipe section, and a first control valve is provided at the second pipe section; A second liquid storage tank is connected to the flushing port and the recoil nozzle, and a second control valve is provided between the second liquid storage tank and the flushing port and the recoil nozzle; A first pressure gauge, used to detect the hydraulic pressure in the space above the filter in the first housing; A second pressure gauge, used to detect the hydraulic pressure in the space below the filter in the third box; The controller is connected to the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge, and controls the first control valve to be disconnected and the second control valve to be opened when the pressure difference between the first pressure value measured by the first pressure gauge corresponding to each layer of the filter screen and the second pressure value measured by the second pressure gauge gradually increases until it becomes stable.

2. The microplastic separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The separation box body comprises a conical box body and an inverted conical box body, the conical box body is located above the inverted conical box body, and the liquid outlet is formed on the side wall of the conical box body.

3. The microplastic separation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The separation box body also includes a columnar box body, which is located below the inverted conical box body. The liquid inlet is located on the side wall of the columnar box body. The conical box body includes a detachable top plate, the columnar box body includes a detachable bottom plate, and the vortex mechanism is installed on the bottom plate.

4. The microplastic separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The recoil nozzle is formed with an opening facing the corresponding filter screen, and the aperture of the opening is smaller than the aperture of the filter screen.

5. The microplastic separation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The filter diameters of the multiple layers of filter screens gradually decrease from top to bottom.

6. The microplastic separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second pipe section extends into the collection box, and the second pipe section includes a main pipe section and a plurality of extension pipe sections which form a set angle with the main pipe section, and the plurality of extension pipe sections are distributed around the main pipe section.

Images